ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.1 AQAID SECTION

Transcription

1 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.1 AQAID SECTION

2 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.2 AQAID - Table of Contents Monotheism The Omnipotent Existence The Attributes of His Glory & Beauty The Infinite Essence of God God Has No Material Body and No Eye Can Ever See Him Monotheism is The Very Soul of All the Islamic Commandments The Branches of Monotheism The Unity of Essence The Unity of His Attributes The Unity of His Action (Act) The Unity of Worship

3 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.3 Chapter 1: Theism and Monotheism The Omnipotent Existence We believe that the Almighty and Omnipotent God exists as the Creator and Ruler of the universe; and that the traces and signs of His greatness, knowledge, and power is apparent through the different aspects of anything that exists; i.e. in human, animals, vegetation as well as in the planets of the skies and the higher worlds. We believe that the more we think over and study the secrets of all existing things, the more we shall realize God's greatness, and the extent of His unlimited knowledge and power. The progress of scientific researches will open new doors, extending the dimensions of our thoughts. These dimensions serve to increase our love for Him, and to take us closer to His sacred essence. The approach will draw us to the immense light of God's glorious beauty. We read in the Holy Qur an: "On the earth are signs for those of assured faith; as also in your own selves. Will you not then see?" (Holy Qur an, 51:20). "Behold! In the creation of the heavens and earth, and the alternation of night and day - there are indeed signs for men of understanding. Men who celebrate the praises of Allah, standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, who contemplate the wonders of creation in the heavens and the earth; (with that thought:) Our lord! Not for naught have thou created all this! Glory to thee, give us salvation from the penalty of the fire." (Holy Qur an, 3: ). The Attributes of His Glory & Beauty We believe that His essence is void of any defect, clean of deficiencies, and adorned with all perfection that may exist. He is mere perfection, or in other words: any perfection and beauty that may ever exist, has its source in His Holy Essence. "Allah is He besides whom there is no other God. The sovereign, the Holy one, the source of peace, the keeper of faith, the Guardian of safety, (the protector) and the exalted in might, the Irresistible, the Supreme. Glory to Allah who is above the partners that they attribute to Him. He is Allah the creator, the originator, the Bestower of forms. To Him belong the most beautiful names. Whatever is in the heavens and on earth give glory to Him, He is Almighty, the Wise one." (Holy Qur an, 59:23). The Infinite Essence of God We believe that He is an infinite existence in all respects, such as knowledge, power, everlasting and pre-existence. Therefore He will not be contained in time and space, while He is everywhere and at any time, because He is above space and time.

4 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.4 "It is He who is Allah in heavens and Allah on earth, and He is full of wisdom and knowledge." (Holy Qur an, 43: 84). "And He is with you where ever you may be, and Allah sees all that you do." (Holy Qur an, 57: 4). Yes, He is nearer to us than ourselves. He is through our soul and everywhere, and in the meanwhile, He has not a certain place: "It was we who created man, and We know the promptings of his soul... For We are nearer to him than his jugular vein." (Holy Qur an, 50: 16). "He is the first and the last, the visible and the invisible, and He has full knowledge of all things." (Holy Qur an, 85: 15). Therefore if we read in Holy Qur an that: `He is the owner of Arsh' (which means either throne or empyrean) or `He sat upon His throne'; or `His throne does extend over the heaven and earth;' none of these verses mean that He may have a certain place. (these are all metaphors) These are to express His sovereignty over every thing and every place. If we consider Him to have a certain place, we have limited Him by giving Him the attributes of His creatures, while we know that: `nothing is like Him'. (Holy Qur an, 42:11) And; there is none equal to Him! (Holy Qur an, 112:4). God Has No Material Body and No Eye Can Ever See Him We believe that God can never be seen by the physical eyes; because the object of seeing by the eyes is a material body that has to have place, color, form and direction. These are all the qualifications of the creatures, and not that of the creator. God is quite far from that. Therefore the belief that one may physically see God is a sort of going astray in this field, a sort of polytheism. "No vision can grasp Him, but He grasps all visions." (Holy Qur an, 6:103) This is why when the Israelites objected, asking Moses to let them see God: he took them to the Mount Sinai, and as mentioned in the Holy Qur an: "And when Moses came to a place appointed by us, (on the Mount Sinai) his lord addressed him; and Moses said: "O my Lord! Show thyself to me: (let me see you) that I may look upon You! Allah said: " By no means can you see me; but look upon the mountain, if it abides in its place, then you may see me."

5 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.5 When his lord manifested His glory on the mountain it turned into dust, and Moses fell down into a swoon. When he recovered his senses, he said: "Glory be to thee! To thee I return and I am the first one to believe in you." (Holy Qur an, 7:143). And by such incidents it was proved that God can never be seen. We believe that our Islamic traditions denoting the observance of God, aim at seeing Him by the mind and by the heart, and not by the sense of vision of the eyes at all. In one of his sermons collected in the famous book Nahjul Balagha, Imam Ali (a.s) says: "Eyes cannot see Him, but He can be seen by the realities of Faith". We believe that the attributes of the creatures, such as: place, direction, material body, and physical observance should not be ascribed to God. If done so, it shall lead to polytheism, and remoteness from the true knowledge of Him, who is above all, and nothing is similar to Him. Monotheism is The Very Soul of All the Islamic Commandments We believe that one of the most important subjects relating to the knowledge of God is monotheism, i.e. the belief that there is only one God. As a matter of fact monotheism (tawhid) is not only a principle of the religion, but the most important of Islamic tenets. It is the very soul and the base of all the Islamic ideas and beliefs. We can say that the roots, as well as the branches of Islam take their forms from the monotheism. The Unity and Oneness is a general topic of conversation everywhere and in every field; unity of God's essence, His attributes and actions. In other words, also the unity of prophets and their teachings, the unity of the law, qiblah and the books, and also the unity of Muslims through their brotherhood and the unity of the resurrection day. From this point of view the Holy Qur an declares polytheism as an unforgivable sin: "Allah does not forgive those who set up partners with Him, but He may forgive any sin less than that, of whom he wills. He that sets up co-sharers with Allah is guilty of a sin which is most heinous indeed." (Holy Qur an, 4:48). "It has already been revealed to you as it was revealed to those before you that: "If you join gods with Allah, your deeds shall be fruitless, and you surely will be one of those who loose. (All spiritual goodness). (Holy Qur an, 39: 65).

6 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.6 The Branches of Monotheism We believe that monotheism (tawhid) has many branches among which four are the most important ones: A) The Unity of Essence His absolute Holy Essence is one, indivisible, and no one is similar or like unto him. B) The Unity of His Attributes Knowledge, power, eternality (everlasting and pre-existence) and all other qualities and attributes of Him are in His Essence and are exactly the very self of His Essence. This is contrary to His creatures whose qualities are different to that of their bodies, and from each other too. This is a critical point and is to be thought upon with minute care. C) The Unity of His Action (Act) Any action, movement, or effect, throughout the existence, have their causes in His will. In other word every thing depends on Him. "Allah is the creator of all things, and He is the GAURDIAN and Disposer of all affairs." (Holy Qur an, 39:62). "To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth. He enlarges and restricts the sustenance to whom He wills, for He knows all things well." (Holy Qur an, 42:12). Yes! In the world, nothing is effective but Allah. But this does not mean that we are forced in all respects, and all that happens is inevitable; on the contrary, we all have free will in our decisions. "We showed man the way: whether he be grateful or ungrateful." (Holy Qur an, 76:3). "Man can have nothing except that which he strives for, and the results of his striving will soon be seen." (Holy Qur an, 53:39). Such verses in the Holy Qur an will clearly show that man has free will, and that we may refer man's deeds and acts to God without any reduction in his responsibilities for what he does. God wills that we do what we do, in freedom and by free will, so that He may examine us and lead us forward in the way of perfection, which could be attained through free will and serving the Lord. Anything done by force majeure is neither a sign of good or bad. Had we not free will, the missions of the prophets would be futile, and the holy books sent down could mean nothing, and

7 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.7 the reward and punishments of the doomsday would be unjust. These are what we understand from the teachings of our Imams, for they say: "It is neither free will, nor force majeure, but something medium and in-between." D) The Unity of Worship God is the only Being that deserves, and is worthy of being worshipped. No one is to be worshipped but Allah. This branch of Monotheism is one of the most important one among the other branches. The prophets have all laid great stress on the unity of worship. "They are enjoined to worship none but Allah, offering Him sincere devotion, being true in faith, and attend to their prayer, and to pay the alms taxes. That is the religion: right and straight." (Holy Qur an, 98:5). To pass over the road to perfection, one has to go deeper in monotheism and withdraw his affections from everything and all, but Allah, his Merciful Lord. He has to seek Him and look for Him everywhere and think of nothing but Allah. Whatever keeps man busy other than Allah, it is an idol for him. We believe that the branches of monotheism are not restricted to the four as mentioned above. We also know other branches of less importance and yet very important, such as the unity of ownership : "Know you not that to Allah alone belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth?" (Holy Qur an, 5:43), and also such as the unity of sovereignty, that only God has the supreme power and authority over all, and upon every thing. and whoever did not judge by what Allah revealed, those are they that are the transgressors. (Holy Qur an, 5:47).

8 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.8 SECTION

9 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.9 FIQH Table of Contents SALAA (pl.salawat)... 1 DAILY SALAWAT... 4 NAWAFIL OF SALAA... 4 SALATUT TAHAJJUD... 5 SALATUL AYAT SALATUL JAMA A SALATUL JUMUA SALATUL EID SALAA ALAL MAYYIT SALATUL WAHSHAT HADIYA MAYYIT SALAA HADIYA WALIDAYN SALATUL GHUFAYLA SALAATUL QASR QADHA SALAAH GHUSL TOILET ETIQUETTE ISLAMIC TERMINOLOGY

10 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.10 SALAA (pl.salawat) Salaa is a pillar of religion which connects the soul to Allah. In the Qur'an Allah says: و م ا خ ل ق ت ال ج ن و اال ن س ا ال ل ي ع ب د و ن "And I have not created the Jinn and Mankind but that they may worship Me" Suratudh Dhariyat 51:56 The purpose of life is therefore worship and salaa is the best form of worship. It is not merely a few minutes of rituals but that which concentrates our attention on the hereafter and Qiyama thus refraining one from evil. Salaa is a cure for anxiety, distress and fear. It is the support of the whole Muslim Umma (community). Each and every day on hearing the Adhan, Muslims assemble to pray salaa. On Friday, whole communities, villages and towns gather for Salaatul Jumu'a, likewise during Hajj Muslims from all over the world gather together for salaa. Page 1

11 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.11 Salaa is the me'raj (ascension) of the mu'min. Salaa is like a factory which produces human beings. It draws out the corruption and evil from a nation by working through each individual. Imam Ali (PBUH) has said: "If he/she who offers salaa knew how much grace Allah bestows upon him/her during the salaa, he/she would never lift his head from sajda." To be able to attain the benefits of salaa it must be recited correctly and with full presence of mind. Just like a watch which is only useful if it shows the correct time. It would still look like a watch if it did not work but would not serve its purpose. The different types of salawaat are: 1. Daily salawat 2. Nawafil of Salaa 3. Salatut Tahajjud 4. Salatul Ayat 5. Salatul Jama a 6. *Salatul Jumua 7. *Salatul Eid Page 2

12 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Salaat alal mayyit 9. Salatul Wahshat 10. Salatul Hadiya Mayyit 11. Salatul Walidayn 12. Salatul Ghufayla *Wajib only when established by the Imam of the time but highly recommended in his ghaiba. Page 3

13 Fajr 2 rakat ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.13 Zhuhr 4 rakat Asr 4 rakat Maghrib 3 rakat Eisha 4 rakat DAILY SALAWAT NAWAFIL OF SALAA Nafila of Fajr 2 rakat before salaa Nafila of Zhuhr 8 rakat before salaa Nafila of Asr 8 rakat before salaa Nafila of Maghrib 4 rakat after salaa Nafila of Eisha 2 rakat after salaa to be prayed sitting down (regarded as 1 rakat) Page 4

14 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.14 SALATUT TAHAJJUD It consists of a total of 11 raka ts, divided into the following prayers: 1. Nafilah of Layl: 8 rakats (4 x 2 rakats) 2. Salatush Shafa: 2 rakats 3. Salat ul Witr: 1 rakat The time for Salatut Tahajjud begins after midnight until the time for Salatul Fajr (morning prayers). The best time for it is just before Fajr Salaa. Salatut Tahajjud is so important that even if you cannot recite all 11 rakats, then recite only one rakat of Salatul Witr. Method 1. Nafilah of Layl The 8 rakats of Nafilah are divided into four units of two rakats each, just like Salatul Fajr but with the niyya of Salatul Layl. It is recommended to recite Suratul Kafirun after Suratul Fatiha in the first 2 rakats. In the other six recite any small sura or even leave out the sura after Suratul Fatiha. For Qunoot you can recite salawat or the recommended duas. Page 5

15 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Salat al-shafa Two rakats with Suratun Naas in the first rakat after Suratul Fatiha and Suratul Falaq in the second rakat after Suratul Fatiha. There is no qunoot in Salatus Shafa. 3 Salatul Witr One rakat with Suratul Ikhlas 3x, Suratul Falaq 1x, and Suratun Naas 1x after Suratul Fatiha. Then raise your hands for qunoot and recite: (You can hold a book and/or tasbee in a mustahab salaa) ب س م الله ال رح م ن ال رح ي م آل ا ل ه ا ال الله ال ح ل ي م ال ك ر ي م There is no god except Allah, the Forbearing, the Generous آل ا ل ه ا ال الله ال ع ل ي ال ع ظ ي م There is no god except Allah, the High the Almighty Page 6

16 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.16 س ب ح ان الله ر ب ال سم او ات ال سب ع و ر ب اال ر ض ي ن ال سب ع و م ا ف ي ھ ن و م ا ب ي ن ھ ن و م ا ف و ق ھ ن و م ا ت ح ت ھ ن ر ب ال ع ر ش ال ع ظ ي م Glory be to Allah, Rabb of the seven heavens and Rabb of the seven earths and whatever is in them, and between them and above them and below them, Rabb of the Mighty Throne و س ال م ع ل ى ال ع ال م ي ن ال م ر س ل ي ن و ال ح م د ر ب And peace be on the Messengers. All praise is for Allah Rabb of the worlds. و ص ل ى الله ع ل ى م ح مد و آل ه الط اھ ر ي ن O Allah bless Muhammad and his pure family. Recite 70 x ا س ت غ ف ر الله ر ب ي و ا ت و ب ا ل ي ه Page 7

17 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.17 I seek forgiveness of Allah my Rabb and I turn to Him Ask for the forgiveness of forty believers who have died or are living, by saying 40x followed by the name of the person: forgive O Allah, ا لل ھ م اغ ف ر ل Or say ا لل ھ م اغ ف ر ل ل م ؤ م ن ي ن و ال م ؤ م ن ات O Allah forgive all believers, male and female Then say: ا س ت غ ف ر الله ال ذ ي ال ا ل ه ا ال ھ و ال ح ي ال ق يو م ل ج م ي ع ظ ل م ي و ج ر م ي و ا س ر اف ي ع ل ى ن ف س ي و ا ت و ب ا ل ي ه I seek forgiveness of Allah, He who there is no god but He, the Ever living, the subsisting, from all my oppressions and my sins and my excesses on my soul, and I turn (repentant) to Him Repeat 7x: Page 8

18 ھ ذ ا م ق ام ال ع ائ ذ ب ك م ن الن ا ر This is the position of one who seeks refuge in You from the fire Say 300x (I ask for Your) pardon ا ل ع ف و Then say: ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.18 ر ب اغ ف ر ل ي و ار ح م ن ي و ت ب ع ل ي ا ن ك ا ن ت الت واب ال رح ي م My Rabb, forgive me and have mercy on me, and turn to me Surely You are the Oft-returning, the Merciful. Complete the rakat with ruku, sujud, tashahhud and salaam and recite a tasbee of Sayyida Fatima Zahra (PBUH) Page 9

19 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.19 SALATUL AYAT Salaatul Ayat becomes wajib when any one of the following occurs: 1. Lunar or Solar eclipse. Total or partial, causing fear or not. 2. Earthquake. Causing fear or not. 3. Any natural disaster which is likely to create fear in people. e.g. cyclones, storms, etc. Salatul Ayat is wajib only on those people who live in the affected area. During a Lunar or Solar eclipse, the salaa can be prayed at any time from the beginning of the eclipse to the end. If it was a total eclipse and one did not know of the eclipse till after it was over then it is wajib for one to should pray with the niyya of qadha. For a partial eclipse, it is not wajib to recite Salatul Ayat after its occurrence. In other natural disasters which create fear in people, Salatul Ayat should be prayed soon after the disaster is over. Page 10

20 Method ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.20 Salatul Ayat is made up of 2 rakat - each rakat has 5 rukoos. There are 5 qunoots (mustahab) in total. 1st Rakat 2nd Rakat Niyya / Takbeeratul Ihram Suratul Hamd & 1 other Suratul Hamd & 1 other sura in qiyam sura in qiyam Qunoot 3 rukoo 1 Rukoo 6 Suratul Hamd & 1 other Suratul Hamd & 1 other sura in qiyam sura in qiyam Qunoot 1 Rukoo 7 Rukoo 2 Suratul Hamd & 1 other Suratul Hamd & 1 other sura in qiyam sura in qiyam Qunoot 4 Rukoo 3 Rukoo 8 Suratul Hamd & 1 other Suratul Hamd & 1 other sura in qiyam sura in qiyam Qunoot 2 Rukoo 9 Rukoo 4 Suratul Hamd & 1 other Suratul Hamd & 1 other sura in qiyam sura in qiyam Qunoot 5 Rukoo 5 Rukoo 10 Qiyam Qiyam Sajadaat Sajadaat / Tashahhud & Salaam Page 11

21 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.21 Salatul Ayat may also be prayed using a shorter method. After Suratul Hamd in the 1st qiyam, recite part of another sura. After the 1st rukoo recite a further section of the other sura and go into the 2nd rukoo. Continue, completing the other sura before the 5th rukoo. Repeat the same procedure in the 2nd rakaat or pray the longer method. Page 12

22 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.22 SALATUL JAMA A Salatul Jama a means praying in congregation with others It is highly recommended and rewarded. Wordly benefits In the congregation - jama a, rich and poor, high and low, all stand shoulder to shoulder in obedience to Allah. In Salatul Jama a, all the participants have one niyya, speak in one language (Arabic) and have identical actions. It portrays the unity Muslims should have in all matters, at all times wherever they may be. Muslims meet with one another in Salatul Jama a. They get to know each others problems and try to help each other. New ideas are discussed and relationships are formed; thus a caring close knit community develops. Whilst praying Salatul Jama a we stand in rows, follow the Imam of Jama a and practise obedience Page 13

23 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.23 to command. This instils in us all discipline which is the essential feature of community life. Our masajid remain alive due to Salatul Jama a. Spiritual Benefits (Thawab) The Prophet (PBUH) and our Aimma (PBUH) have strongly recommended Salatul Jama a. The reward for praying in Jama a is as below: e.g. If there are 2 people, the reward for each rakaat is equal to 150 rakaats prayed alone. No of people Thawaabs for each rakat , , , , , , ,800 More than 10 Only Allah knows Page 14

24 Terminology ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.24 Imam - One who leads the salaa. He must be baligh, sane, Shia Ithna asheri, aadil (just), of legitimate birth and able to recite salaa correctly. Mamun - One who prays behind an Imam. Furada - Alone (not praying with Jama a). A person may be part of a congregation but furada in niyya. It is better to wait for some time and join Salatul Jama a then to pray alone at fadhilat time. Those who do not know the proper pronunciation or recitations of salaa should join Salatul Jama a and learn the proper recitations. Mamumeen (pl. of mamun) praying behind Imam should recite all the dhikr except the recitation of the first and second suwer (pl. of sura) in the 1st and 2nd rakaat. Page 15

25 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.25 In every action follow the Imam. The action must be dome with him/her or after. The action must never be done before the Imam. Joining Salatul Jama a 1. In the 1st and 2nd rakaat, join whilst the Imam is reciting the first or second sura or join in rukoo. (Recite the takbeeratul Ihram on joining). 2. In the 3rd or 4th rakaat of Salatul Jama a, join when Imam goes to rukoo. If you join in Qiyam, when the Imam is reciting Tasbihate Arba a, then you should at least recite Suratul Hamd, but if you cannot complete the recitation of Suratul Hamd and the Imam rises from rukoo then you have to change your niyya to Furada and complete the salaa as furada. 3. If you are late and do not know which rakaat of Jama a is being recited, then you should wait until the Imam goes to rukoo. 4. On entering the masjid, if you come to know that it is the last sijda of the last rakaat, and you Page 16

26 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.26 want to join Salatul Jama a to get the thawab, you should do niyya, recite takbeeratul ihram and join Imam in sijda, and when Imam completes tashahhud and salaam*, you should rise for your first rakaat (remembering not to recite takbeeratul ihram again). *When the Imam is reciting tashahhud and salaam, you should keep your knees off the ground and place both palms on the ground until Imam completes the recitation of salaam. Page 17

27 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.27 SALATUL JUMUA O you who believe! When the call is made for prayer on Friday, then hasten to the remembrance of Allah and leave off trading; that is better for you, if you know. Suratul Jumua 62:9 Daily prayers are said individually or in the local mosque. On Jumua Muslims within the radius of about 5 miles attend one congregational prayer. Twice a year on Eid Muslims of a whole area (city) meet and once a year the international assembly of Muslims is at Makka for Hajj. The call for Friday prayers according to the Maasumeen (PBUH) is solely the right of 'Sultanil Aadil' -the Just King - in other words the Imam of our time. In his 'ghayba' the Jumua prayers are optional which is the view of a majority of the mujtahids. The first Jumua prayers were held at Quba miles from Madina. When the Prophet (PBUH.) arrived at Quba on his way from Makka (Hijra), he first arranged for the building of a mosque there. Page 18

28 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.28 Then he delivered a sermon and offered the Friday prayers before proceeding to Makka. Salatul Jumua is the same as Salatul Zhuhr on the day of Friday (Jumua ) - however it has a few differences from the regular salaa that we perform. Salatul Zhuhr is four rakat whilst Salatul Jumua is two rakat. It is wajib that it is prayed in Jama a and in which ever locality the Salatul Jumua is established, it is not permissible for another Salatul Jumua to be held for a distance of 6 km. It is wajib that before the Salaa, two speeches are given which are part of the salaa. Imam Ali (PBUH) has even said: The khutba (speech) is salaa. The Contents of the Speeches of Jumua 1. Praise and glorification of Allah. 2. Blessings upon the Prophet (PBUH) and his progeny. 3. The people must be advised of issues currently relevant to Muslims. Imam Sadiq (PBUH) has said: And also so that the people would be made aware of what is good for them in relation to their Page 19

29 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.29 religion and religious affairs and of the worldly affairs as well. He also said: And surely the reason why two speeches have been made wajib is that in one of them, the praise of Allah and His glorification should be carried out. However as for the second speech, the mentioning of the needs of the people and warning them and inviting them to that which they need to know of the commandments and prohibitions (of Allah) and that which is righteous and wicked (from amongst those acts). 4. A short sura from the Qur an must be recited. The Imam who performs the Salatul Jumua must also follow certain manners and etiquette. These include that he should wear a turban and must stand to deliver the talks. The Imam must also lean on or hold in his hand a sword or a stick Page 20

30 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.30 SALATUL EID 1. It is only wajib in the presence of the Imam of the time. i.e. they were wajib upto the ghaibat of Imam Muhammad Mahdi (PBUH). However it is mustahab to pray Salatul Eid. It is prayed in jama'a or individually. 2. The time is from sunrise to Zhuhr. 3. It is recommended that women should not go to pray Salaatul Eid in jama'a (congregation). 4. It consists of two rakats of salaa. It is recommended that after Suratul Hamd in the first rakat one should recite Suratul A'ala (sura 87) and in the second rakaa after Suratul Hamd recite Suratush Shams (91). In the first rakaa, after the second Sura, do five Takbeers and recite Qunoot after each Takbeer. Do a sixth Takbeer and go to rukoo. In the second rakaa, after the second Sura do 4 Takbeers and recite recite Qunoot after each Takbeer. Do fifth Takbeer and go to rukoo. After salaa, recite tasbee of Bibi Fatima Zahra (PBUH) Page 21

31 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.31 SALAA ALAL MAYYIT It is wajib to acquire permission from the heirs of the deceased to recite Salaa alal Mayyit. Salaa alal Mayyit does not require any tahara and is recited in jama'a. Everyone in the jama'a has to repeat what is recited. It is wajib to offer Salaa alal Mayyit for every Muslim, as well as for a Muslim child, if he/she has completed 6 years. The mayyit is placed on its back perpendicular to the direction of qibla with the head on the right and the feet to the left. Before the salaa, it is recommended that instead of adhan, mu mineen should be summoned to pray be calling As-Salaa three times. Those praying should stand as near as possible to the mayyit. Other mustahabat of Salaa alal Mayyit Page 22

32 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.32 Those who participate in the salaa to perform wudhoo or ghusl. If the mayyit is that of a male, then the Imam or the person offering the salaa should alone stand at the middle part of the mayyit. However, if the mayyit is that of a female then he should stand at the chest of the mayyit. To pray bare-foot. To raise one s hand (up to the ears) while reciting every takbeer. To pray in jama a. Page 23

33 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.33 The shortest way to recite it is as follows: 1st Takbeer followed by Kalimat Shahadatayn 2nd Takbeer followed by Salawaat 3rdTakbeer followed by seeking forgiveness for all the believers 4th Takbeer followed by seeking forgiveness for the deceased 5th Takbeer ends the Salaa The reason why Salaa al Mayyit has five takbeer: Imam Ja fer As-Sadiq (AS) has said: Since Islam is built on five strong pillars, which include Salaa, Zakaa, Sawm, Hajj and Wilaya of the AhlulBayt, therefore Allah has designated that one takbeer to be recited for each of these pillars of religion. Page 24

34 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.34 The full version is as follows: الله ا ك ب ر ا ش ھ د ا ن آل ا ل ه ا ال الله و ح د ه ال ش ر ي ك ل ه و ا ش ھ د ا ن م ح مد ا ع ب د ه و ر س و ل ه ا ر س ل ه ب ال ح ق ب ش ي ر ا و ن ذ ي ر ا ب ي ن ي د ي ال ساع ة I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, He is alone and has no partners, and I bear witness that Muhammad is his abd and His messenger. He was sent with the truth as a giver of good tidings and as one who warns about the hour (the last day). الله ا ك ب ر ا لل ھ م ص ل ع ل ى م ح مد و ا ل م ح مد و س ل م ع ل ى م ح مد و ا ل م ح مد و ب ار ك ع ل ى م ح مد و ا ل م ح مد و ار ح م ع ل ى م ح مد و ا ل م ح م د ك ا ف ض ل م ا ص ل ي ت و س ل م ت و ب ار ك ت Page 25

35 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.35 و ت ر حم ت ع ل ى ا ب ر اھ ي م و ا ل ا ب ر اھ ي م ا ن ك ح م ي د مج ي د O Allah! Bless Muhammad and his progeny and grant peace to Muhammad and his progeny and bless Muhammad and his progeny and send Your mercy on Muhammad and his progeny The best of Your blessings, and peace and mercy which you bestowed upon Ibraheem and his progeny Indeed You are the Praised worthy and Great. الله ا ك ب ر ا لل ھ م اغ ف ر ل ل م ؤ م ن ي ن و ال م ؤ م ي ن ت و ال م س ل م ي ن و ال م س ل م ت ا ال ح ي اء م ن ھ م و اال م و ات ت اب ع ب ي ن ن ا و ب ي ن ھ م ب ال خ ي ر ات ا ن ك م ج ي ب ال دع و ات ا ن ك ع ل ى ك ل ش ي ء ق د ي ر Page 26

36 O Allah! Grant forgiveness to all the mu mineen and mu minaat, and to all the Muslims, men and women, The living among them and the dead, Link us to them through good deeds, Indeed You are the One who answers dua Indeed You have power over everything. الله ا ك ب ر ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.36 If the deceased is a male الل ھ م ا ن ھ ذ ا ع ب د ك و اب ن ع ب د ك و اب ن ا م ت ك ن ز ل ب ك و ا ن ت خ ي ر م ن ز و ل ب ه الل ھ م ا ن ا ال ن ع ل م م ن ه ا ال خ ي ر ا و ا ن ت ا ع ل م ب ه م ن ا الل ھ م ا ن ك ان م ح س ن ا ف ز د ف ى ا ح س ان ه و ا ن ك ان م س ي ئ ا ف ت ج او ز ع ن ه و اغ ف ر ل ه ا لل ھ م اج ع ل ه ع ن د ك ف ى ا ع ل ى ع ل يي ن و اخ ل ف ع ل ى ا ھ ل ه ف ى الغ اب ر ي ن و ار ح م ه ب ر ح م ت ك ي ا ا ر ح م ال راح م ي ن Page 27

37 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.37 If the deceased is a female الل ھ م ا ن ھ ذ ه ا م ت ك و اب ن ة ع ب د ك و اب ن ة ا م ت ك ن ز ل ب ك و ا ن ت خ ي ر م ن ز و ل ب ه الل ھ م ا ن ا ال ن ع ل م م ن ھ ا ا ال خ ي ر ا و ا ن ت ا ع ل م ب ھ ا م ن ا الل ھ م ا ن ك ان ت م ح س ن ة ف ز د ف ى ا ح س ان ھ ا و ا ن ك ان ت م س ي ئ ة ف ت ج او ز ع ن ھ ا و اغ ف ر ل ھ ا ا لل ھ م اج ع ل ھ ا ع ن د ك ف ى ا ع ل ى ع ل ي ي ن و اخ ل ف ع ل ى ا ھ ل ھ ا ف ى الغ اب ر ي ن و ار ح م ھ ا ب ر ح م ت ك ي ا ا ر ح م ال راح م ي ن الله ا ك ب ر O Allah! This man/woman is Your abd, daughter/son of Your abd. He/she has come to You, and You are the best resting place O Allah! Page 28

38 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.38 We know nothing about him/her except what is good and You know more about him/her than we O Allah! If he/she was one who did good, increase his/her good deeds; If he/she was one who did evil, then forgive him/her; O Allah! Place him/her near You in the highest of positions and be a guardian for his/her family forever Bestow Your mercy, O the most Merciful of those who show mercy. The salaa is complete after the fifth and final takbeer. Page 29

39 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.39 SALATUL WAHSHAT A dead person does not bear greater hardships in his/her grave at any time than the first night. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) On the day of burial it is recommended to give sadaqa, asking for rahma (mercy) for the marhum/marhuma. In addition as a gift, one should pray Salatul Wahshat if one is a near relation or Salatul Hadiya Mayyit with the niyya of pleasing Allah and seeking forgiveness for the dead person. Wahshat means loneliness and anxiety. This salaa can be recited at any time during the first part of the night of burial, but it is better to pray it at the beginning of the night after Isha salaa. It consists of 2 rakaats. In the 1 st rakaat after Suratul Hamd recite Ayatul Kursi (2:254, 255, 256) In the 2 nd rakaat after Suratul Hamd recite 10x Suratul Qadr Page 30

40 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.40 HADIYA MAYYIT Hadiya Mayyit means a gift to the mayyit. The salaa consists of 2 rakaats. In the 1 st rakaat after Suratul Hamd recite Suratul Qadr In the 2 nd rakaaat after Suratul Hamd recite Suratul Kawthar. After completing the salaa, ask Allah to send the thawabs of the salaa to the grave of the marhum/marhuma. Page 31

41 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.41 SALAA HADIYA WALIDAYN The deceased ones are pleased and displeased the same way as we are; when we remember them with prayers for forgiveness and reward, they are delighted. These are taken by angels as special gifts to them, and they in turn pray for the living ones for their kindness. Imam Ja fer As-Sadiq (PBUH) Salaa Walidayn is a prayer to be offered for one s deceased parents. It can be prayed for one or both the parents. It consists of 2 rakat. In the first rakat after Suratul Fatiha raise hand in qunoot and recite the following 10x: ر ب ن ا اغ ف ر ل ى و ل و ال د ي و ل ل م ؤ م ن ي ن ي و م ي ق و م ال ح س اب Our Lord! grant me protection and my parents and the believers on the day when the reckoning shall come to pass! (14:41) Page 32

42 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.42 In the second rakat after Suratul Fatiha raise hand in qunoot and recite the following 10x: ر ب اغ ف ر ل ى و ل و ال د ى و ل م ن دخ ل ب ي ت ى م ؤ م ن ا و ل ل م ؤ م ن ي ن و ال م ؤ م ن ا ت My Lord! forgive me and my parents and him who enters my house believing, and the believing men and the believing women; (71:28) Complete salaa then go into sajda and recite the following 10x: ر ب ار ح م ھ م ا ك م ا ر ب ي ان ى ص غ ي ر ا O my Lord! have compassion on them, as they brought me up (when I was) little. (17:24) Page 33

43 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.43 SALATUL GHUFAYLA Whoever prays Salatul Ghufayla and asks Allah to grant his/her wishes, will receive a positive response from Him. Imam Ja fer As-Sadiq (PBUH) It is a 2 rakat salaa prayed between Maghrib and Eisha salaa. In the first rakat after Suratul Fatiha recite ayat 87 and 88 of Suratul Ambiya و ذ ا ال نو ن ا ذ ذھ ب م غ اض ب ا ف ظ ن ا ن ل ن ن ق د ر ع ل ي ه ف ن اد ى ف ى ال ظل م ت ا ن آلا ل ه ا ال ا ن ت س ب ح ن ك ا ن ى ك ن ت م ن الظ ا ل م ي ن And Yunus, when he went away in wrath, so he thought that We would not straiten him, so he called out among afflictions: There is no god but Thou, glory be to Thee; surely I am of those who make themselves to suffer loss. Page 34

44 ض ت ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.44 ف اس ت ج ب ن ا ل ه و ن جي ن اه م ن ال غ م و ك ذ ال ك ن ن ج ى ال م ؤ م ن ي ن So We responded to him and delivered him from the grief and thus do We deliver the believers In the second rakat after Suratul Fatiha recite aya 59 of Suratul An am و ع ن د ه م ف ات ح ال غ ي ب ال ي ع ل م ھ آ ا الھ و و ي ع ل م م ا ف ى ال ب ر و ال ب ح ر و م ا ت س ق ط م ن ور ق ة ا ال ي ع ل م ھ ا و ال ح ب ة ف ى ظ ل م ا اال ر و ال ر ط ب وال ي اب س ا ال ف ى ك ت اب مب ي ن And with Him are the keys of the unseen treasures-- none knows them but He; and He knows what is in the land and the sea, and there falls not a leaf but He knows it, nor a grain in the darkness of the earth, nor anything green nor dry but (it is all) in a clear book. Then recite the following in qunoot: Page 35

45 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.45 ا لل ھ م ا ن ى ا س ئ ل ك ب م ف ات ح ال غ ي ب ال ت ى ال ي ع ل م ھ آ ا ال ا ن ت ا ن ت ص ل ى ع ل ى م ح مد وآل ه و ا ن ت ف ع ل ب ى O Allah! Verily I ask You in the name of the keys of the unseen about which no one knows anything except You. Send blessings on Muhammad and his progeny and fulfil my wishes (mention your needs). Then recite: ا لل ھ م ا ن ت و ل ى ن ع م ت ى و ال ق اد ر ع ل ى ط ل ب ت ى ت ع ل م ح اج ت ى ف ا س ئ ل ك ب ح ق م ح مد و آل ه ع ل ي ه و ع ل ي ھ م ال سال م ل ما ق ض ي ت ھ ا ل ى O Allah! You are the Master of every bounty given to me and You have control over that which I ask for; You are aware of my desire, therefore I ask You in the name of Muhammad and his progeny for the fulfilment (of my wishes). (mention your needs) Page 36

46 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.46 Chapter 9: Salaat: Salaat ul Qasr When traveling, it is obligatory to say salaat in Qasr form; that is, one will recite the noon, afternoon and night prayers in two raka at instead of the normal four raka at. Salaat would be Qasr if one travels a total of 14 miles both ways from the boundary of the County in which he/she is living. 9.1 How the 17 Raka at are reduced: PRAYER Raka at recited daily Raka at recited by traveler Fajr 2 2 Dhuhr 4 2 Asr 4 2 Maghrib 3 3 Eisha 4 2 TOTAL It is recommended that a traveler should recite the following verse 30 times after every salaat. If you recite it 60 times it is even better. Subhannallahi walhamdu lillahi wa la illaha illallahu wallahu Akbar It is highly recommended to recite dua after Dhuhr, Asr, and Eisha salaat. 9.2 Seven Conditions should be fulfilled for Salaat-e-Qasr to apply: 1. Traveling Distance: A traveler should shorten their prayers if the total distance covered beginning from the boundary of the county, or city in which they are living is 28 miles or more. 2. Boundary/ Hadde-Taakh- Khus: The traveler should be out of the boundary of the town or county in which they are living. 3. Niyyat: There must be a firm intention (Niyyat) of traveling 28 miles or more. 4. Purpose of Journey: The journey should not be haraam (forbidden by Allah/unlawful) or conducted for a haraam purpose. Grade 7 Fiqh 47

47 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Length of Stay: The intention/niyyah to stay must be for less than 10 days. The stay of 10 days means staying at least from: Sunrise of the 1 st day to sunset of the 10 th day or Dhuhr of the first day to Dhuhr of the 11 th day. 6. Destination: The destination should not be to a place that is within the home County where you live; for instance, Alameda County, Santa Clara County, San Jose etc. 7. Frequency: The normal journey of a person to work, school, or to run errands is not considered as travel time. In our lesson we will use Alameda County as an example. In Figure 1 we have a map of Alameda County. Figure 1 48 Grade 7 Fiqh

48 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.48 If you live in a County, so long as you are within the boundary of the county, salaat e Qasr does not apply. For instance, Fatemah, a 7 th grader, lives in Fremont, which falls in Alameda County. She goes to school in Fremont but has to travel to Union City for Qur an lessons, and archery classes in Piedmont daily after school. Although the distance from one end of Alameda County to the other is more than 14 miles, she is within her home county and therefore Qasr does not apply. In the following page we have an extended map of the cities and counties surrounding Alameda County. Please note that the area that is highlighted with an X indicates the approximate Hadde Tarkhus, which basically refers to the areas that are at a 14- mile radius from the boundary of Alameda County. Let us apply these rules to our daily life by studying the lives of different students and individuals living in the Bay Area. Case 1: Fatemah Fatemah lives in Santa Clara County; she is a student at the University of California Berkeley studying Economics and Sociology. She commutes daily to school; however, she is home on the weekends and holidays. Berkeley falls in Alameda County. Traveling Distance: Approximately 47 miles from her home on Terence Avenue Town/ County Boundary: Santa Clara Niyyat: Both Berkeley and Santa Clara are her home Purpose of Journey: Studying Halaal? Yes Destination: The University is her temporary home Journey Frequency: As and when required Decision: She will pray full salaat Reason: She is studying there to get her degree, which will take 4 years Case 2: Haider Haider has just moved with his family to San Jose from San Francisco. Being the head of the household, he decided to move to San Jose as his two daughters are studying law at San Jose State University. He has rented an apartment in River Oaks. He however works for the Four Seasons Hotel in San Francisco as a General Manager and maintains a penthouse suite at the hotel. Grade 7 Fiqh 49

49 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.49 Traveling Distance: 47 miles from their new home in River Oaks Parkway. Town / County Boundary: Outside San Jose County Niyyat: He has made niyyat to make his home in both cities Purpose of Journey: He has moved to be around his daughters Halaal? Yes Destination: San Francisco Journey Frequency: Everyday Decision: He prays full salaat Reason: He has made his home in both towns Case 3: Sarah Sara and her friends are at a friend s house in San Jose. They decide on their own to attend a live performance of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dream Coat by legendary actors. They are traveling from Alameda County. Traveling Distance: 34 miles round trip Town/ County Boundary: Alameda Niyyat: To attend a play and be home by the end of the day Halaal? No- their parents do not know of the trip and the play is a musical Length of Stay: 1 day Decision: They will pray full salaat Reason: The journey is for a haraam purpose Case 4: Amina Amina is a policewoman with the Santa Clara Police Department but lives in Alameda County. Travelling Distance: More than 28 miles daily Town/ County Boundary: Outside Alameda County Niyyat: Amina knows that she will travel daily to work Halaal? Yes as it is for work Length of Stay: Daily Destination/ Watan: The destination is not her hometown as she is going there to work Journey Frequency: Daily Decision: She will pray full salaat Reason: She is making her daily journey for work 50 Grade 7 Fiqh

50 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.50 Case 5: Abbas Abbas is joining his friends at Sunday school for a weekend camp in the lake Tahoe region. He lives in San Jose Travelling Distance: More than 400 miles total round trip distance Town/ County Boundary: Outside San Jose Niyyat: To go on a leisure outing Halaal: Yes Destination/Watan: He is only visiting Tahoe Journey Frequency: 3 days Decision: Will pray Qasr Reason: The trip is halaal and the total distance and length of stay all support the fact that he should pray Qasr Grade 7 Fiqh 51

51 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Worksheet: Salaat ul Qasr 1. When traveling a person will offer only Raka at instead of in one whole day. 2. In order to be a called traveler, the traveling distance should not be less miles. 3. If the total of outward journey and return journey is 28 miles and even if the single journey each way does not equal 14 miles, he should shorten his prayers. TRUE FALSE 4. The traveler should be out of the boundary of the town or city (city limits) HADDE TARAKH-KHUS in order to shorten his prayers. TRUE FALSE 5. The traveling distance is to be counted, starting from the point one leaves the house. TRUE FALSE 6. I will be gone overseas for 15 days. I will be staying at three different cities (Paris, London, and Dubai) for 5 days each. Do I pray Salaat-e-Qasr for those 15 days? YES NO 7. When you are traveling, and if your stay at the destination is less then 10 days, do you have to offer Salaat-e-Qasr? YES NO 8. If a person intends to stay for 10 days in a place, or thinks he will probably stay for 10 days he should pray Salaat in full. The stay of 10 days means staying minimum from: 52 Grade 7 Fiqh

52 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.52 Chapter 10: Qadha Salaah 10.1 If a qasr salaah becomes qadha: In case a Qasr Salaah (the prayer to be recited by a traveler) is made Qadha (omitted), and the person returns to his home, it should be made up as 2 raka ah, provided that the traveling was for a purpose that is permissible in Islam. If the travel was not an allowed one in Islam, then one should pray 4 raka ah Other qadha salaah: If you are uncertain about the number of days for which you have to recite qadha it is sufficient for you to recite qadha for the least number of days for which you believe you owe qadha. You may however decide that as a precaution you should recite qadha for any larger number of days. If there are so many, that you have no clear idea how many qadha you have, then recite as many qadha prayers as you can until you acquire the satisfaction that you owe no more. One can pray Sunnah (mustahab) prayers even if he/she has qadha prayers to be performed. This rule is unlike fasting, in which all wajib qadha fasts must be completed before fasting any Sunnah fasts. It is not wajib to pray a qadha Salaah before you pray the regular Salaah. It is strongly recommended to pray the Qadha of the day on the same day. For example, if it is Dhuhr time and you haven't prayed the Subh Salaah, you can pray the Subh qadha after you pray the Dhuhr and Asr, but it is recommended that you pray the Subh first. Qadha salaah should also be recited in the proper sequence i.e. Subh, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha, but this is not wajib Praying of a Father s Qadha Salaah It is wajib on the eldest son to recite the qadha prayers of his deceased father. For other sons (if the eldest has died or is refusing to pray the qadha), it is mustahab (recommended) to recite the qadha. If there are no sons, then again it is mustahab for the daughter to recite - it is not wajib. Also it is mustahab for the eldest son to recite the qadha Salaah for his mother (unlike being wajib for the father). Grade 7 Fiqh 55

53 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.53 In all cases, one can hire or employ somebody else to recite the qadha Salaah for the deceased. If the person reciting or arranging for the qadha to be recited does not know how many Salaah the deceased missed, an estimate will be made, and that will be sufficient. A person can accept engagement to offer some Mustahab acts like Ziyarat, Umrah, Hajj, on behalf of living persons. Also he can perform some Mustahab acts, and dedicate their thawaab to living or dead persons. However, someone else cannot recite the qadha Salaah of a person that is still alive, even if the person is so ill that he cannot recite it for himself. A person who is hired to offer the qadha prayers of a dead person, should be a Mujtahid, or should know the rules of the prayers correctly according to Taqleed, or should act according to precaution, provided that he knows fully when a precaution is to be observed. At the time for making niyyah, the hired person must specify the dead person, but it is not necessary that he should know his/her name. Hence, it is enough if he intends: I am offering prayers for the person on whose behalf I am hired. The hired person should act with the niyyah that he is acting to discharge the obligation of the dead person. It will not be enough if he performs and dedicates its thawaab to the dead person. While hiring somebody one should be satisfied that the hired person will perform the act for which he is hired. If the person hired for offering prayers for a dead person has not performed it, or has performed incorrectly, another person should be hired for the purpose. If a person doubts whether or not the hired person has performed the act, and in spite of the hired person's assurance, he is not satisfied, he must hire another person. But if he doubts whether or not the hired person has performed it correctly, he should presume that it has been correct. A person who has some excuse (for example, if he offers prayers with tayyammum or in a sitting position) should never be hired for offering prayers for a dead person, even if the prayers of the dead person may have become qadha that way. A man can be hired on behalf of a woman, and a woman can be hired on behalf of a man, and in the matter of offering prayers loudly or silently, the hired person should act according to his/her own obligation. If it is not agreed with the hired person how many Mustahab acts he will perform, he should perform as much as is usual. 56 Grade 7 Fiqh

54 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Worksheet: Qadha Salaah 1. You were on a trip and were in one place for more than 10 days, so you had to pray full Salaah. If you happened to miss one set of Dhuhr and Asr Salaah, and returned to your hometown before repaying it. Do you have to recite the full 4 raka ah, or only 2 for these qadha? 2. If a man only had daughters, is it wajib for them to recite his qadha Salaah when he dies? Describe how this would change if he had sons. If you are the oldest son of your parents what applies to you? 3. If a person is in a coma and cannot pray his Salaah, can his family pray the qadha Salaah for him until he has recovered to the point that he can start to pray on his own? Grade 7 Fiqh 57

55 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F Does the person that is hired to pray the qadha Salaah of someone, have to be a Mujtahid, or is it enough that he is just knowledgeable about Salaah? 5. Describe two conditions you would have to consider when you hire someone to offer a dead relative s prayers. 58 Grade 7 Fiqh

56 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.56 FIQH CLASS 8 LESSON 3 AN INTRODUCTION TO GHUSL-(Part I) Ghusl is an Arabic word meaning to have a bath in order to wash the body. GHUSL = 2 KINDS WAJIB SUNNAT SUNNAT GHUSLS = MANY MOST IMPORTANT ONE IS GHUSL-E-JUM A VERY HIGHLY RECOMMENDED BY OUR MA SUMEEN Wajib Ghusls = 7 KINDS JANABAT MASE MAYYIT MAYYIT NADHR/QASAM/AHAD HAIDH ISTIHADHA NIFAS } WAJIB FOR BOTH MEN & WOMEN WAJIB FOR WOMEN ONLY Conditions of Ghusl Remember: There Is No Need (356): Water must be Tahir, Mutlaq and Mubah (#386) Place where Ghusl is performed must be Mubah (#386) Niyyat should be of Qurbatan ilallah (#364) It must be performed without help (#386) All obstructions must be removed (#383) To make the body Tahir before starting Ghusl except removing Ain-e-Najasat. For the body to be washed downwards from the head For Tartib delay between different actions of Ghusl is allowed Page 8 Fiqh Class 8

57 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.57 FIQH CLASS 8 LESSON 4 Ghusl = 2 METHODS AN INTRODUCTION TO GHUSL-(Part II) TARTIBI (#366) IRTEMASI How to Perform Ghusl There are TWO methods Ghusl-e-Tartibi = Ghusl in Stages & Sequence (#367) 1 st : NIYYAT 2 nd : wash the head running down to the neck 3 rd : then wash the rest of the body Or It Is Better To wash the rest of the body in 2 stages 1 st : the right half of the body, including your private parts, 2 nd : then the left half, again, washing your private parts. Ghusl-e-Irtemasi = Instant or Gradual immersion. (#373) This is by washing the whole body at the same time and that can only be done by submerging the whole body into the water by diving into a river, sea or swimming pool. WHEN PERFORMING GHUSLE IRTIMASI IN ONE GO, YOU MUST ENSURE THAT THE WATER REACHES ALL PARTS OF THE BODY AT ONE TIME. If however, you wish to perform the Ghusl-e-Irtemasi gradually, then it is necessary that: - The whole body out of the water before starting the Ghusl. - Then you submerge your body gradually into the water with the intention of Ghusl (#374). Page 9 Fiqh Class 8

58 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.58 WAJIB SUNNAT MEN & WOMEN WOMEN ONLY GHUSL E MAYYIT GHUSL E HAIDH GHUSL E MASE MAYYIT GHUSL E ISTIHADHA GHUSL E JANABAT GHUSL E NIFAS GHUSL E JUM A GHUSL E NADHR/ AHAD/QASAM

59 ISM Fiqh Level 7 ISM Page F7.59 CONDITIONS OF GHUSL THERE IS NO NEED: To make the body Pak before starting Ghusl; For the body to be washed downwards from the head; or For Tartib