مروری بر مذیریت تراکنصها در پایگاه داده سیار

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1 مروری بر مذیریت تراکنصها در پایگاه داده سیار احسان پیروزی مهذی فاضلی دانطجوی کارضناسی ارضذ گروه کامپیوتر واحذ بروجرد دانطگاه آزاد اسالمی بروجرد ایران - استادیار دانطکذه کامپیوتر دانطگاه علم و صنعت ایران تهران ایران - epiroozi@gmail.com اای ؼ ؽ : اضىا خیف قی خالصه طث تیر خای ا ؼاؼ ویا تا ز خ ت یاق فؼ ت ا الػاذ ضسی ؼ ضی ضفور ؼ ای خ ا ت وفػر ؼ ضا زغییف قت ق ؼ ضا افكای اور. ای ف ا ی اخاق اوسفاؼ اق ؼوس ا ای ویا ا تفای از ا ت ثى ؾغیف وفؼ ا الػاذ ؼ یاق وا ؼ ضا ر آفالی آ الی ا تفای ك ا واقی تا خای ا ؼاؼ فور ای تكي یؼ ؽ. ؼ ای ضا ر ؼاؼ ای ؼ ضا ضفور ت ظ ت ث ؼ ػ ىفؼ اوسمال ت تف ا ای واتفؼی كؼیه ىس ؽ. ای ػا أ تىیای اق ىالذ ؼ خای ا ؼاؼ ای ویا یتا ؽ. ای ع خای ا ؼاؼ زثؽی ت تىسف اوثی تفای زطمیماذ ىسفؼ طمما فؼیؽ اور. کلمات کلیذی: پایگاه داده سیار تراکنص کنترل همرونذی.. مقدمه اوسفاؼ اق خای ا ؼاؼ ای ویا ت ؼ ی ؽ ؽا ؼوس ا ای وػرافكای تا ظففیر ؾغیف واقی تاالزف خفؼاق ؽ خفلؽذزف فا تا ز وؼ وفیغ ای ف ا ی تیوی ت وفػر ؼ ضا افكای اور. ؼوس ا ای ویا ت زؽیح تفای تف ا ای واتفؼی ؼاای خای ا ؼاؼ ا ؽ فف ي وفاي ؽیفیر ازثا تا سفی ؼ اوسفاؼ لفا ی یف ؽ. ي ؼوسفوی ت ؼاؼ ا ؽیفیر آ ا تا ز خ ویا ت ؼ ای تف ا ا ت وا زغییف وفؼ اور. ؼ ای تف ا ا ت خای اوسفاؼ اق یه خای ا ؼاؼ فوكی ؼاؼ ا ت اوسمال ت ث ؼ واایی ت تف ا كؼیهزف ؽ ا ؽ. ای وثه خؽیؽ ا یك ایی ا ؼ زطمیماذ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ایداؼ یو ؽ. ای س ت تفوی ؼاؼ ا ؽیفیر زفاو ا ت غال اائ آغفی ا الػاذ ؼ ای ق ی ؼ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا یخفؼاقؼ. زؼفیف ای ػس فی اق خای ا ؼاؼ ویا خ ؼ ؼاؼ. تفغی اق طمما خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ا ای زؼفیف یو ؽ و خای ا ؼاؼ ای اور و تف ی ؼوس ا ای ویا ا ؽ حزاج PDA ز ف فا ؾغیف ی فؼؼ] [. تفغی ؼی ف اق طمما آ ا خای ا ؼاؼ ز قیغ ؽ ای یؼا ؽ و ؼ ضا ر ویا ؼ ؼوسفن یتا ؽ] [. تفغی ؼی ف آ ا د ػ ای اق خای ا ؼاؼ ز قیغ ؽ خای ا ؼاؼ ثاتر خای ا ؼاؼ Ad-hoc ػك ای ا الػازی خفاو ؽ یؼا ؽ. خای ا ؼاؼ ز قیغ ؽ ىا ی تفای خای ا ؼاؼ ویا یتا ؽ و ت ؼغ اور واتفا ویا ویؽ ی یو ؽ] [. ؼ اؼا ای ما ؼ تػ ؼ ؼتا ؼ ای فخغ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا تطث ؽ اور. ؽ ای زفاو ای ویا ؼ تػ و تفوی فؼیؽ اور. ؼ تػ ز ا ؽیفیر ؼاؼ زفاو ؼ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا تیا فؼیؽ اور ؼ تػ خ د سید یفی آ ؼ ؽ اور. Mobile Database Distributed Database

2 .معماری مرجع پایگاه داده سیار آلای خیی و ا ؼ ای فخغ ) ى ( تفای خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ا ؼ ][ اائ یؼ ؽ. ؼ ای ؼ ای یكتا ثاتر (FH) ایىس ا خای (BS) اق فیك ثى وی ی تا وفػر تاال ت یىؽی ف س ىس ؽ. یه یا ز ؽ ایىس ا خای ت فوك و سف ایىس ا خای (BSC) ؽ اور و ا ی خ ر ت ف تفؼای اق ایىس ا خای ز و فوك و ئیسی ویا (MSC) ا دا ی یفؼ. ؼ ایىس ا ای خای تفغی لات یر ای خفؼاقي ؼاؼ واؼ دا ؽ ؽ ت یى تس ا ؽ تا وف یهؼ ؽ خای ا ؼاؼ (DBS) ا ؽ. زطفن ا طؽ ؼ ؼ GSM PCS ت وی ازثا تیوی تی ایىس ا خای اضؽ ویا (MU) ا ىا خؿیف ی ؼ. تفای ت وا یفی وا خای ا ؼاؼ الق اور وف یهؼ ؽ ای خای ا ؼاؼ تا PCM یا GSM زفویة ؽ. ف وف یهؼ ؽ خای ا ؼاؼ لاؼ اور ت ف ایىس ا خای یا یكتا ثاتر ؼوسفوی ؼا س تا ؽ. د ػ ی PSTN MSC دف ت از ا ویىس خای ا ؼاؼ ویا تا خ ا غاج ی فؼؼ. ضکل -معماری مرجع ت غیف اق ؼ ای فخغ و ع ؼ ای ؼی ف تفای خای ا ؼاؼ ویا خ ؼ ؼاؼ ؼ ای وف یه یف ؽ / وف یهؼ ؽ ؼ ای وف یهؼ ؽ / ػا / وف یه یف ؽ ؼ ای ظیف ت ظیف. مدلهای تراکنصهای سیار ت د ػ ای اق ػ یاذ و ت ذ یه اضؽ می اق وا یتا ؽ زفاو ی ؽ ][. ا ف ؼ طی ویا آ ا تىا تثف ؽ ت آ زفاو ویا ی ؽ. ؼ ][ یم ی ای زفاو ای ویا ت فش ؾی تیا ؽ اور: زفاو ای ویا تا ز خ ت ویا ت ؼ ف ؼاؼ ا واتفا ل غ ىف ازثا زفاو ایی تا ػ ف ػ یتا ؽ. Fixed Host Base Station Base Station Controller Mobile Switching Centre Database Server Mobile Unit Public Switched Telephone Network

3 زفاو ای ویا ى اور طاوثاذ غ ؼ ا ت د ػ ای اق ػ یاذ زمىی و ؽ و تؼ ی اق آ ا ؼ یكتا ویا تالی ؼ ایىس ا ای غؽ اذ ویا اخفا ی ؽ. زفاو ای ویا ؼیر خكئیاذ سایح ا تا ز خ ت ل غ ازثا خاتدایی تا ؼی ف زفاو ا ت ا سفان ی ؿا ؽ. یاق طاوثازی ازثا ی زفاو ای ویا ز و ایىس ا ای غؽ اذ ویا زأ ی ی فؼؼ. ؼ ا ضفور یكتا ویا اق یه و ت و ؼی ف ؼیر زفاو ؼیر ؼوسفوی ت ؼاؼ ىا ا الػاذ زغییف یو ؽ. زفاو ای ویا تایؽ اق ك ا ی تاقیاتی ل غ ازثا واق ای سمات ؼاؼ ای زىفا ؽ خ سیثا ی و ؽ. زفاو ؼ ویىس خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ت ی ز قیغ ؽ اخفا ی ؽ )ت ػ ا ثا وف یه یف ؽ / وف یهؼ ؽ ( و ى اور ت ؼ ی طؽ ؼیر ای ؾازی اق لثی خ ای تا ؽ طؽ ؼزف فؼؼ. اخفای ز قیغ ؽ زفاو ؼ ضا ر ویا زى ی ؽ خایا زفاو ا خیسیؽ وفؼ اور. زفاو ویا ى اور ت ؼ ی ػؽ خ ؼ وا ا ای تیوی downlink) (uplink or اق ى»ا سظا اخثای» یا» غ اخثای» ح تثفؼ. ػال تف ای یه زفاو ویا ؼ یكتا ویا ى اور ت ؼ ی ػؽ ؼوسفوی ت ز ا ی لات یر ای DBMS ت وا اخفا فؼؼ. خ سیثا ی اق زفاو ؼ طی ویا تىیا تطفا ی یتا ؽ. تا ز خ ت طؽ ؼیر ای طی ای ویا اق لثی خ ای تا ؽ سغیف ل غ ازثا اتغ طؽ ؼ ی یكتا ای ویا زى یه ای ؽیفیر و سی زفاو ا ؼی ف اوة یتا ؽ. ز ؽی ؽ تفای زفاو ای ویا اائ ؽ ا ؽ ا ا تفوی آ ا ى اور. یكتا ویا یز ا ؽ ؼ و ضا ر ػس ف اخفا ؼ: از ا وا م غ ی از ا. ضا ر ؼی ف ضا ر doze اور. یكتا ویا تفای ای ى كی از ا ا ت ضؽال تفوا ؽ یز ا ؽ یا ق ا ی و یر ازثا ی ى ثا ؽ ت ضا ر م غ تف ؼ. یكتا ویا یز ا ؽ تفای ؾغیف ا فلی ت ضا ر doze ضا ر ف ا تف ی فؼؼ. زغییف و ؽ. ؼ ای ضا ر وفػر واػر وا ییاتؽ طاوثاذ واتف اخفا ی ؼ. یكتا ویا تا ؼیافر ف خیا ت ؽ ای زفاو و ؼ ای ق ی یافر ؽ ا ؽ خایی و زفاو ا آغاق ؽ اخفا ی ؽ یز ا ؽ تف اوان لؼیر ت و ف ثم ت ؽی ؽ. یه زفاو ویا یز ا ؽ ك ا ؼ یكتا ویا ایداؼ اخفا فؼؼ ؼ یكتا ویا ایداؼ ؼ ا ا ؼ یكتا ثاتر اخفا فؼؼ ؼ یكتا ویا ایداؼ ؼ ؼ یكتا ویا یكتا ثاتر تىس ت یاقي اخفا فؼؼ. ق ا ی و یه زفاو ویا ت وی یكتا ویا ك ا ایداؼ اخفا ی فؼؼ یكتا ویا اوسمال وا ؼاؼ. یكتا ویا تایؽ ا الػازی ؼ ؼ ىا واقی ؼاؼ ا ؼ وف یهؼ ؽ فوكی ؼا س تا ؽ زا تس ا ؽ یه زفاو ط ی ا اخفا و ؽ. تؼؽ اق زى ی زفاو ؼاؼ ا ت وی یكتا ویا ؼ وف یهؼ ؽ فوكی یىداز ی ؽ. ای ع ؽ اخفایی ت یكتا ویا ا ىا وا ؼ ضا ر م غ ا یؼ ؽ. ت ػ ا ثا ؼ ظف ت یفیؽ و یه زفاو ز و واتف ویا ا دا ی فؼؼ. ؽ و ی ت ای ذ اور و ا ز ا ؼاؼ ای ؼ یاق تفای ا دا وا غ ؼ ا ؼ یكتا ویا یاق ؼاؼ ت ىسم ؼ ا ؼ وا یو ؽ خه اق خایا فمیرآ یك وا غ ؼ ا الػاذ وف یهؼ ؽ فوكی ا تف ق وا ی یو ؽ. ق ا ی و زفاو ویا ت وی یكتا ویا ایداؼ ی ؼ ؼ یكتا ثاتر ت وا اخفا ی فؼؼ یكتا ویا ز ا ی لات یر ای خفؼاقي ؼاؼ ا الق ؽاؼ. ؼ ای ؽ یكتا ویا تاق ی فؼا ؽ خفن خ ا اوا یو ؽ وف یهؼ ؽ ؼاؼ ا آ ا اخفا وفؼ سایح ا ت یكتا ویا ق ا ی و یه زفاو ویا تی یكتا ای ویا وف یهؼ ؽ خای ا ؼاؼ یا یكتا ثاتر اخفا ی فؼؼ یكتا ویا ؼاای لات یر ای وف یهؼ ؽ یتا ؽ س ی ضؽال ازثا اذ تا وف یهؼ ؽ ؼ ی اخفای زفاو ا ؼاؼ. Mobile Host Mobile Service Stations Forced wait Forced abort Fully Connected Disconnected Partially Connected Mobile Worker Query

4 . مدیریت داده و تراکنص در پایگاه داده سیار ای تػ تفوی ا ؼاذ ا دا ؽ ؼ غ اوسفازمی ای ؾغیف واقی زىفا خ ر ؽیفیر ؼاؼ ا یم ی ای زفاو ای ویا ا ؽ و سف ؽی خف زى ای ا دا زفاو ك ا ی خفؼاقي خفن خ تاقیاتی ا یر خ ر ؽیفیر زفاو ا ففا یآ ؼ. -. کنترل همروندی و پروتکلهای انجام تراکنص زالي ای اق ؽ قیاؼی تفای خیاؼ واقی اوسفازمی ای و سف ؽی ؼ طی ویا ا دا ؽ اور. و ي تفای و سف ىا یى ؽی تیا فؼیؽ اور و ػثاذا ؽ اق ي و سف ؽی غ يتی ا تفزىة ق ا ی لف ؿای. ؼور اور ای ي ا تفای تف ا ای واتفؼی خای ا ؼاؼ و سی اوةا ؽ ی ت غا ف ا یر خی وس ا تفای طی ای ویا اوة یىس ؽ. زفاو ت وی یه وف یه یف ؽ ویا اخفا ی فؼؼ و ا ف تفای ؽذ ق ا ال ی از ا آ تا ثى ل غ فؼؼ ایؽ دف ت لف ال ی غیفلات لث ی ؼ و تاقؼ ا وا یؼ ؽ ][. لسی ؼ وف یه یف ؽ ویا تػ ا ؽ ت یه ؼاؼ ت ذ ك ا ؼوسفوی ؼا س تا ؽ و یىی ل ؽ غ ا ؽ ؼاؼ ؼی فی ل ؽ س آ ؼاؼ ا ؼا س تا ؽ یه تفغ ؼ ظ یؼ ؽ. تفای ای ظ یه خف زى لف ؼ فض ای اوسفاؼ ی ؼ و وف یهؼ ؽ ؼغ اور لف ی ز ا ؼاؼ ا یؼ ؽ. تا ای ضا ای خف زى یاق ؼاؼ و وف یه یف ؽ تفای ت ؼور آ ؼ لف ای الق ز ػی تفغ ؼ ت ؼائ تا وف یهؼ ؽ ازثا ؼا س تا ؽ ت اتفای تفای طی تیوی و ظففیر خ ای تا ؽ سغیف یتا ؽ ت غیف سظف ى اور ازثا ل غ فؼؼ اوة یتا ؽ. یىفؼ ثس ی تف لف ؼ ][ تفای خ یفی اق ى لط ی ت غا ف لف ؿای خی اؼ ؽ اور. خف زى ا دا زفاو ویا ثس ی تف لف اق لف تفای ز ی خف زى غیف ا ىؽاؼی تا ازثا طؽ ؼ اوسفاؼ یو ؽ. تا ى زأغیف ق ا ی تی ا دا زفاو ط ی ػ ی اخ ی ؼ. اخفای زفاو ؼ وف یه یف ؽ ای ویا ؼ ؼ ق ا ی ػ ؽ ت ؼ ی ل غ ازثا غیف ى اور. ت اتفای اوسفازمی ز ظی ق ا و ح خ یا ؼ ][ اائ ؽ اور. ؼ ای ىا یى وفتا ازثا وا ییاتؽ ت اتفای تاقؼ زفاو ت ث ؼ ییاتؽ. ا ا ا ا اق ى ػمة فؼ ای ىف ت ؼ ی ا م ا ظ ق ا و ح ح یتفؼ. تفای وا ػمة فؼ ىف یه اوسفازمی خی یفا ز ظی ق ا و ح خ یا یه اوسفازمی خی یا ؼ ][ اائ ؽ اور. اق آ دا و لات یر خفؼاقي آفالی ى اور تفای یكتا ویا ط ف ت ففؼ سفا ذ تا ؽ ى اور زفاو وفیغزف اخفا ؼ ضسی ا ف تفای اخفای آ ؼیفزف ؼغ اور ؽ تا ؽ. ت ی ؼ ی زى یه و سف ؽی غ يتی ا ؼ طی تیوی اوسفاؼ ی فؼؼ ][. ؼ ][ اوسفازمی و سف ؽی غ يتی ا تا اوسفاؼ اق تقاضای چنذریختی خی اؼ ؽ اور و واق ای ا ز ی یو ؽ تفغ ؼ تف ا ای غا ا ز ػی یؼ ؽ. سید آق ای ا ا یؼ ؽ و ت ف ی ویىس افكای یافس اور فظ وال ؽ زفاو ؼ مایى تا ؼی ف اوسفازمی ای غ يتی ا اائ ؽ وا یافس اور. ؼ ]0[ ؽ خؽیؽی تا ػ ا طرح مبتنی بر اولویت اائ ؽ اور و ق ا ی و تفغ ؼی ذ ی یفؼ زفاو ای لؽی یزف ا یر تاالزفی ی یف ؽ و تاػث وا تا وف یهؼ ؽ خای ا ؼاؼ ی فؼؼ. تا اغس ا ا یر ت زفاو ا تفای ؼوسفوی ت آیس ای ؼاؼ اق وال ؽ وفیا ی زفاو ا خ یفی یو ؽ. -. ذخیرهسازی و پردازش پرسوجو ؽف ا ی و وفؼ ت ث ؼ ط ؼوسفوی ت ؼاؼ ا افكای لات یر ؼوسفوی اور. ؾغیف ؼاؼ ا اق خای ا ؼاؼ فوكی ؼ وف یهؼ ؽ اخفای زفاو ای ط ی ی ؼاؼ ای ؾغیف ؽ ؼ ؼوس ا ای ویا وده ىا واقی ؼاؼ ای خای ا ؼاؼ فوكی تف ق وا ی ؼاؼ ا یه ؽ Mobile Client Timeout Base Mobile Transaction Commitment Protocol Dynamic Timer Adjustment on-demand Multicasting Priority Based Scheme Caching and Query Processing

5 و ی فؼیؽ اور. زى یه و ی تفای ت ث ؼ ق ا خاوع خفن خ ؼ ویىس ای وف یه یف ؽ اوسفاؼ ی ؼ. ای زى یه ق ا ی و ط لسی تفای ا ای ؼوسفوی تی یه خفن خ تا خفن خ ای خفؼاقي ؽ خ ؼ ؼاؼ تىیا ثف یتا ؽ. ف ق ا و یه خفن خ اؼ ی ؼ ؽیف ضافظ ا وف یه یف ؽ ضافظ ا غ ؼ ا تفوی یو ؽ. ا ف ضا ی تػ ی اق ؼاؼ ای ؼغ اور ؽ تا ؽ آ ا خفؼاقي خفن خ ی ط ی آغاق ی فؼؼ. وف یه یف ؽ تفای ؼیافر تػ تالی ا ؽ ؼاؼ ا ؼغ اوسی ت وف یهؼ ؽ اوا یو ؽ. خه اق از ا خفؼاقي خفن خ ی ط ی وف یه یف ؽ سید ا ؼ و غ ؼ ؾغیف یو ؽ. ت ؼ ی طؽ ؼیر ف ای ؾغیف واقی ؼوس ا ای ویا تایؽ اق یىفؼ خای كی ی و تفای خای كی وفؼ ؼاؼ ا ق ا ی و ضافظ ا خف اور اوسفاؼ وفؼ. ا ا ای زى یه ؼاای ى ضفظ طس ای ت ق ؽ یتا ؽ ][. ؼ ][ وی ا اذ ؼا ا تا ا الش واغسا و اق واغسا خ ح ا اوسفاؼ وفؼ ؽ و ا ات غ یاذ كا ا ففوس ؽ خفن خ یف ؽ سید یتا ؽ. تا اوسفاؼ اق ای واغسا واغر خفن خ تفای ت ؼور آ ؼ ؼاؼ ا ىا خؿیف ی ؼ. س ی ای واغسا ت مایى خفن خ ی خؽیؽ تا الال و ؽ و ه یو ؽ. ت ظ ت ث ؼ ػ ىفؼ خفؼاقي خفن خ ؼ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا اق ا یس خای كی ی ت ا FAR اوسفاؼ ی ؼ. ای ا یس آیس ای و ؽ ا ت ؼ والن آیس ای ؼ ىیف ضفور آیس ای غاج اق ىیف ضفور ثم ت ؽی یو ؽ. وده آیس ایی ا و غاج اق ىیف ضفور ىس ؽ ا تفای خای كی ی ا سػاب یو ؽ. -. تکرار و همسانسازی در پایگاه داده سیار ؼوس ا ای ویا ت ؼای ت ای سف ر س یىس ؽ اتغ طؽ ؼی ؼا ؽ. ز ا ا تفای ت ث ؼ ؼوسفوی ت ؼاؼ ا وا ق ا خاوع خ ر ؼوسفوی ت ؼاؼ ا ؼوسیاتی ت ز ا لات یر ای ؼاؼ ا ت ذ آفالی زىفا یتا ؽ. خی فی ىاا ؼ ما اغیف ا یه ا یس خؽیؽ زىفا ؼ فض ای ا خی اؼ وفؼ ؽ و ت تف ا ای ویا اخاق یؼ ؽ ؼ ضا ر م غ زفاو ا ا آق ای ی تف ق وا ی ؼ تؼؽا ودی ا ی ا تىا ففس ؼ. ؼ ع زىفا زىفا ساق زىفا ز ث ؼ اوسفاؼ لفا ی یفؼ. ؼ زىفا ساق تف ق وا ی ا تفای زىفا ا ت ػ ا تػ ی اق یه زفاو از ی اػ ا ی فؼؼ ؼضا یو ؼ زىفا ز ث ز ا یه زىفا ت وی زفاو ا ی تف ق ی ؼ وایف زىفا ا تفای ف ف یاق ت زفاو خؽا ا ؼا ؽ. فم زىفا ساق لاؼ ت اخفای وفیا ی زفاو ای ؽ یتا ؽ. تا ز خ ت ا یر ؾازی ؼوس ا ای ویا از ا ؼیف خ ای تا ؽ طؽ ؼ اتغ طؽ ؼ 0 پروتکل تکرار خوشبینانه مطتری محور ][ تفای خای ا ؼاؼ ات ای اائ ؽ اور. ای خف زى لات یر ؼوسفوی تؽ اوسفاؼ اق ىا یى ای لف ت ث ؼ یتػ ؽ یكا ا سما ؼاؼ ا تی وف یهؼ ؽ وف یه یف ؽ ا ز ا تا ا سما ؼاؼ ای ا الش ؽ وا یؼ ؽ. ای خف زى تا اوسفاؼ اق ي غ يتی ا فغ ا ؽ / ف س ؼوسفوی تفای س ی وف یه یف ؽ ضسی ؼ ضا ر ل غ ازثا ا ففا یو ؽ. خك ا ی ىا واقی فم ؼ و ر وف یه یف ؽ لفا ؼاؼ ؽ اور و تفای ؼوسفوی آوا ز و ؼوس ا ایی تا اتغ طؽ ؼ اق او ای واؼ REST اوسفاؼ ی فؼؼ. تفای ضفظ واق ای ؼاؼ ای زىفا ؽ وا تا ىالذ فت ت تؼ ی ي ای زىفا یىفؼ ایی اائ ؽ اور. ای یىفؼ ا ت ي ای غ يتی ا تؽتی ا ثم ت ؽی ؽ ا ؽ. Caching Cache Manager Cache Replacement Policy Q.Ren M.H.Dunham Replication and Synchronozation Jim Gray Eager Replication Lazy Replication 0 Optimistic Client Centric Replication Protocol Read-any/Write-any Optimistic Pessimistic

6 اوسفازمی ای بذبینانه تف ق وا ی ت یه یا ز ؽ زىفا ا ت وی لف وفؼ ؼوسفوی ت آ زىفا ا ی ق ا تف ق وا ی طؽ ؼ یو ؽ. ت اتفای آ ا یه ا ر ىد ل ی و تک-کپی ا یؽ ی ؼ ا اائ یؼ ؽ. آ ا ت ازثا ؽا تی زىفا ا ا ىؽاؼ ؼوسفوی ت ای زىفا ا ؼ ضی ػ یاذ یاق ؼا ؽ. ا ا ای ػ ا ؼ طی ویا ت غا ف از ا س ا ب ؼوسفوی ت اتغ طؽ ؼ ؼ ؼوس ا ای ویا آوا یىر. اوسفازمی ای خوشبینانه فف یو ؽ و اواق ای ز ال ت ؽذ ظ یؼ ؽ. تف اوان ای اوسفازمی ػ یاذ ى اور ی ف زىفای اخفا ؼ. ؼ ق ا از ا دؽؼ ا الضاذ ق ا ی ظ یؼ ؽ و تؼؽ اق آغفی ا الضاذ زغییفاذ زىفا تف ق وا ی ؽ تا ؽ. تفغالف زىفا تؽتی ا اوسفازمی ای زىفا غ يتی ا یز ا ؽ واق ای ل ی ایداؼ و ؽ ا ا واق ای ؼیفی ت ا واق ای اضس ا ی ا ففا یو ؽ. یىی اق یم ی ای تفخىس ویىس ای خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ای اور و تفای ؼوس ا ای ویای و ازثا ا ل غ ؽ اور ا ىا ؾغیف غ يتی ا زىفا ؼاؼ ا ا دا تف ق وا ی ای ط ی ا ففا یآ ؼ. ا ا ای ي ؼاای ؼ ى یتا ؽ. ؼ و ص اق زى یه ای ىا واقی ؼ ای ق ی یافر ؽ اور: همسانسازی سطح داده (DLS) همسانسازی سطح تراکنص.(TLS) ؼ زى یه DLS ؼاؼ ا اضؽ ا ی ىا واقی ىس ؽ ؼضا یو ؼ زى یه TLS زفاو ا اضؽ ا ی یتا ؽ. DLS واؼ زف ؤثفزف اور ا ا یز ا ؽ اخفای از یه زفاو واق ای خای ا ؼاؼ ا ز ی و ؽ. TSL ف ؼ غا یر از یه واق ای ا ز ی ی ایؽ. ت اتفای TSL ت سفی ي تفای ىا واقی خای ا ؼاؼ ویا یتا ؽ.. نتیجهگیری ؼ ضا ضا ف ؼر ؤوىاذ آ ق ی ػالل تی سفی ت ز وؼ ؼاؼ ا ؽیفیر زفاو ا ؼ طی ویا ا ؼاؼ ا ؽ. ؽیفیر ؼاؼ ا زفاو ا ؼ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا ؼ مایى تا خای ا ؼاؼ ای و سی تىیا ى زف یتا ؽ. ت اتفای ظف تىیای اق طمما ت ای ع تفای فاضی ا یس ا زى یه ا اوسفازمی ای خؽیؽ خ ر غ ث تف طؽ ؼیر ای اتغ خای ا ؼاؼ ویا خ ة فؼیؽ اور.. مراجع [] Ouri Wolfson, Mobile Database, Encyclopedia of Database Systems, Part, Page, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 00, 0.00/-0--0-_. [] Vijay Kumar, Mobile Database Systems, Wiley-Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publication, New Jersey, 00. [] Yanli Xia and Abdelsalam Helal, A Dynamic Data/Currency Protocol for Mobile Database Design and Reconfiguration, SAC 00, ACM. [] Turker, C., Zini, G., A Survey of Academic & Commercial Approaches to Transaction Support in Mobile Computing Environments, 00. [] Vijay Kumar, Nitin Prabhu, Maggie Dunham, Ayse Yasemin Seydim, TCOT: A Timeout based Mobile Transaction Commitment Protocol, IIS, 00. [] Salman Abdul Moiz, Dr. Lakshmi Rajamani, Single Lock Manager Approach for achieving Concurrency in Mobile Environments, th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing (HiPC), 00. Springer LNCS, ISBN --0--, 0-0, 00. [] Salman Abdul Moiz, Dr. Lakshmi Rajamani, An Efficient Strategy for achieving Concurrency Control in Mobile Environments, th IEEE Asia Pacific Network Operations & Management (APNOMS) symposium, Springer LNCS, ISBN# ---0-, -, 00. [] Victor C.S.Lee, Kwok Wa Lam, Tei-wei Kuo, Efficient Validation of Mobile Transactions in One-copy Eventual Consistency Data Level Synchronization Transaction Level Synchronization

7 Wireless Environments, The Journal of Systems and Software, -, 00. [] Salman Abdul Moiz and Dr. Lakshmi Rajamani, A Real Time Optimistic strategy to achieve Concurrency Control in Mobile Environments using On-demand Multicasting, International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Networks, Vol,, No., 00. [0] Mohammed Khaja Nizamuddin and Syed Abdul Sattar, Algorithm for Priority Based Concurrency Control without Locking in Mobile Environments, IEEE, 0. [] Joe, C.H.Y., Chan, E., Lam, K.Y., Leung, H.W, An Adaptive AVI-based Cache Invalidation Scheme for Mobile Computing Systems", DEXA 000, pp. -, IEEE Computer Society, USA. [] Ziyad Tariq Abdul-Mehdi, Ali Bin Mamat & Hamidah Ibrahim, Mustafa M. Dirs, New Concurrency Model for Mobile Database Environment, International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Computer Sciences, GBS Publishers and Distributors, Vol., No., 0 0, 00. [] Yoshiharu Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Kitagawa, A Semantic Caching Method Based on Linear Constraints, IEEE, 000. [] Q.Ren, M.H.Dunham," Semantic Caching in Mobile Computing", PhD thesis, Southern Methodist University, Computer Science and Engineering, Dallas, TX 0, February 000. [] Martin Peters, Christopher Brink, Martin Hirsch, Sabine Sachweh, A Client Centric Replication Model for Mobile Environments based on RESTful Resources, ACM, 0.

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