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$\ B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ gitå Introduction Volume 1 We begin our study of B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ gitå with g]it]]dy]]n}]\ gitå DyÅn]\ which is a set of 9 verses recited traditionally as$ $In this Invocation, we do n]m]säý]r n]m]skår/ to g]it]]dy]]n}]\ git] DyÅn]\ - Gita Knowledge - as b Àiv] ] b aà] ivw Å - and sing the glory of B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gv]t/ gitå as It Is.$

1 \ B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ gitå Introduction Volume 1 We begin our study of B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ gitå with g]it]]dy]]n}]\ gitå DyÅn]\ which is a set of 9 verses recited traditionally as Invocation, Dedication and Prayer. In this Invocation, we do n]m]säý]r n]m]skår/ to g]it]]dy]]n}]\ git] DyÅn]\ - Gita Knowledge - as b Àiv] ] b aà] ivw Å - and sing the glory of B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gv]t/ gitå as It Is. Doing n]m]s ]r/ n]m]skår/ to g]it]]dy]]n}]\ git] DyÅn]\ means, committing oneself to the pursuit of Knowledge and Service at the highest level, in one's everyday life, at all times. Such commitment leads to Total Fulfillment in life through Self-Discovery - Discovery of one s Identity, one s Roots, one s Strength, and one s overriding purpose in life, and the Discovery of the true glory of human existence, in one s own life. Let us listen to g]it]]dy]]n}]\ gitå DyÅn]\ first, and then we will go through each verse one by one. g]it]] Dy]]n}]\ gitå DyÅn]\ ao> p]]t]]*y] p it]b]oid]t]}]\ B]g]v]t]] n]]r]y]non] sv]y}]\ o> p]rtå*y] p i]t}boid}tå\ B]g]v]tÅ nåråy]nen] sv]y]\ vy]]son] g it]t]}]\ p r]n]m in]n]] m]dyo m]h]b]]rt]m]/ vyåsen] g it]t}tå\ p rån]m in}nå m]dye m]håbår]t]m/ a Et]]m³t]v]iS]*N]I\ B]g]v]t]I\, asq]dx]]dy]]iy]n]i\ a EtÅm³t] v] isi*ni\ B]g]v]tI\, asqå daxådyåiy}ni\ a\b] tv]}]\ an s]ndd]]im] B]g]v] Ito B]v] eis]n]i\ 1 a\b]två\ an s]nda DÅim} B]g]v Ite B]v] eisini\ n]m]o%st to vy]]s] iv]x]]l]b e uýí]riv]nd]y]t] p]ˆ]noˆ] n]mo%st te vyås] ivixål] b e uíåraivindå y]t] p]ˆ]neˆ] y]en] tv]y]] B]]rt]tOl]p]UN]*: p jv]]il]t]o #]]n]m]y]: p dip]: 2 yen] tv]yå BÅr]t] tel] purn]*: p ajvåilito #Ån] m]y]: p adip]: Bhagvat Gita 1 Jun 8, 2015

2 p p]ì]p]]irj]]t]]y] t]oˆ]voˆoäýp]]n]yo p ap]ì] påirijåtåy] toˆ] veˆeäý pån]ye #]]n]m ]y] äý&sn]]y] g]it]]m³t]duhe n]m]: 3 #Ån] m Åy] ä&snåy] gitåm³t]duhe n]m]: s]v]o*p]in]s]do g]]v]o dogd]] g]op]]l]n]ndn]: s]rvo*p]inws]do gåvo dogdå gopål]n]nd]n]: p]]t]o* v]ts]: s D]IB]o* ] dugd}]\ g]it]]m³t}]\ m]ht]/ 4 p]rto* v]ts]: s DIrBo* Å dugd]\ gitåm³t]\ m]h]/t v]s dev]s t]\ dev]\} äýâýs]c]]n]urm]d*n]m]/ v]s dev] s t]\ dev]\ äýâs] cånur] m]rd*an]m/ dev]äýip]rm]]n]nd\ äýësn]}\ v]nde j]g]t]/ g Îm]/ 5 dev]äi p]r]mån]nd]\ äësn]\ v]nde j]g]t/ g Îm/ B]ISm] on]t]q] j]y] T]j]l]] g]]nd]]rn]il]otp]l]] BISm] on]t]q] j]y] T] j]lå gåndår] nilotp]lå x]ly]g ]hv]t]i äýëpon] v]hn]i äýn]*en] vol]]äý l]] x]ly]g Åh]v]tI äëpen] v]h]ni äýrn*en] velåä lå aìv]tt]]m] iv]äýn]* G]orm]äýr] duy]o*d]n]]v]it]*n]i aìv]ttåm] ivwäýrn]* Gor] m]äýrå duryo*d]nå v]irti*ni s]o ]IN]]* K]l p]]nzvo: rn]n]di ä v]t]*äý: ä x]v]: 6 so IrNÅ* K]l pånz]v : ran]n]di ä v]rt]*äý: ä x]v]: p]]r]x]y]*v]c]: s]roj]m]m]l]\ g]it]]t]*g]nd]otäýq\ påråx]ry] *v]c]: s]roj]m]m]l]\ gitårt]*g]ndotäýqa\ n]]n]]ky]]n]äýäý s]r\, hiräýt]] s]\}b]od]n]]b]oid]t]m]/ nånåkyån]äý ä s]ra\, h]iriäýtå s]\bod]nå boidit]m/ l]oäeý s]ë n] S]q/ p]derhrh: pop]iy]m]]n]\ m d] loäe s]ëan] S]q/ p]de raharaha: pepiy] mån]\ m d] B]Uy]] ]rt]p] j]\ } äýil]m]l]p Dv]\is]n]: Ûey]so 7 Bhagvat Gita 2 Jun 8, 2015

3 BUyÅ ]rat] p] aj]\ äýil}m]l] p adv]\is}n]: Ûey]se 7 m]uäýâý äýroit] v]]c]]l]\ p] u\ l]«y]to ig]irm]/ muäýâ äýroit} våcål]\ p] u\ l]«]y]te ig}ir}\/ y]täýëp]] t]m]h\ v]nde p]rm]]n]ndm]]d]v]\ 8 y]täëpå t]m]ha\ v]nde p]r]mån]nd] måd]v]\ y}]\ b À v]înon Î m]ît]: st nv]fint] idvyo: st]vo: y]\ b aà v]înen a Î a m]ît]: st nv]fint} id}vya}: st]va}: vode: s]] p]dßm]op]in]s]de: g]]y]fint] y]\ s]]m]g]]: vede: så a p]da ßamop]in}S]dE: gåy]fint} y]\ såm]gå: Dy]]n]]v]FisT]t] t] ton]m]n]s]] p]xy]fint] y]\ y]oig]n]: DyÅnÅv]FisT}t] t] aten] m]n]så p]xy]fint} y]\ yoig}n]: y]sy]]nt]\ n] iv]du: s r]s rg]n]]: dev]]y] t]smo n]m]: 9 y]syånt]\ n] iv}du: s rås rag]nå: devåy] t]sma} n]m]: The first verse is a salutation to g]it]] gitå - Knowledge as b Àiv] ] b Àa v} ]; a]tm]#]]n]\} Åtm] gnyånam - Knowledge of b Àn]/ b aàan/ - Knowledge of the Universal Self; this Knowledge is likened to Mother. An Upanishad is always regarded as Mother Knowledge. The Gita is s]m]st] vod-at]*-s]]r s}g h B]Ut]\} s]m]st] ved-art]*-såra sang aha BUtam - the very essence of the teachings of all the Vedas and the Upanishads. Therefore, the Gita-Knowledge is Mother for everyone. Mother always does what is good for the child; mother s affection for the child transcends all limitations of the child; it is natural for the child to seek mother s protection, and it is natural for the mother to give the needed protection to the child at all times. Therefore, for us, anytime is good time to reach for the Gita; and, better still, it is best to hold on to the Gita Knowledge at all times. Therefore, this is how g]it]] Dy]]n]\} gitå DyÅnam begins: ao> p]]t]]*y] p it]b]oid]t]]\} B]g]v]t]] n]]r]y]non] sv]y]m]/ o> p]rtåy] p i]t}boid}t]]\ B]g]v]tÅ nåråy]nen] sv]y]\ vy]]son] g it]t]]\} p r]n]m in]n]] m]dyo m]h]b]]rt]m]/ vyåsen] g iat}tå\ p rån]m in}nå m]dye m]håbår]t]m/ Bhagvat Gita 3 Jun 8, 2015

4 a Et]]m³t]v]iS]*N]I\ B]g]v]t]I\, asq]dx]]dy]]iy]n]i\ \ a EtÅm³t] v] isi*ni\ B]g]v]tI\, asqådaxådyåiyini\ a\b] tv]}]\ an s]ndd]]im] B]g]v] Ito B]v] eis]n]i\ 1 a\b] två\ an s]ndadåm} B]g]v Ite B]v] eisini\ 1 ao> o> ao> o> is m] L v]c]n]\} m] ala v]c]nam - Word of Auspiciousness. By uttering the word ao>, first invoke in your mind and b i b i I an atmosphere of auspiciousness, and an attitude of reverence for b Àiv] ] b aàa ivi ], and then address B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ git] as, a\b] a\b] - O! Mother B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ git] Knowledge tv]} an s]ndd]]im] tv]m an s]nda DÅim} tv]} dd]]im] tv]m dadåim} - s]ndd]]im] s]ndadåim} - an s]ndd]]im] - an s]nda DÅim} tv]]\} dd]]im] tvåm dadåm} - I give myself to you; I seek refuge in you how? tv]}]\ s]ndd]]im] - tvåm s]ndadåim} I seek refuge in you naturally and deliberately, because I now realize that by being under your protection only, I am really free; therefore, tv]]\} an s]ndd]]im] - tva]m an s]ndadåm} I not only seek refuge in you naturally, I want to follow your teachings, and I want to hold on to you at all times; I seek your protection at all times; May the Gita Knowledge be ever with me, in control of all my thoughts, words and deeds That is my prayer. That Gita Knowledge p]]t]]*y] p it]b]oid]t]]\} pårtå*y] p ait}boid}tå\ - which was taught to Arjuna how? p it]b]oid]t]]\} p ait}boid}tå\ again and again, in different ways through different pointers, until Arjuna understood what was being communicated, and got all his doubts cleared, and absorbed that knowledge in every fiber of his body, mind and intellect -That Gita knowledge. By whom was it taught to Arjuna? B]g]v]t]] n]]r]y]non] sv]y]\} B]g]v]tÅ nåråy]nen] sv]ya\ - By Bhagavan Narayana Himself in the form of Sri Krishna. Bhagvat Gita 4 Jun 8, 2015

5 Narayana means the unchanging abode of every change in this Universe The b Àn]/ b aàan/, The Lord of this creation in the form and name of Sri Krishna is Sri Narayana. Again, that Gita Knowledge, vy]]son] g it]t]}]\ p r]n]m in]n]] m]dyo m]h]b]]rt]\} vyåsen] g iat}tåm p rån] m in}nå m]dye m]håbårata\ - incorporated in the midst of the wit]h]s] witwhås called m]h]b]]rt] m]håbårat by the ancient sage vy]]s] vyås]. Sri Krishna taught the knowledge to Arjuna, and it was vy]]s] vyås] who reported it all faithfully in the m]h]b]]rt] m]håbårat. vy]]s] vyås] was a #]]n]i gnyåni - a Self Realized person, which means, he was the embodiment of B]g]v]]n]/ B]gavÅn/ Itself, and that is how he could report faithfully this teaching in its entirety. Again, that Gita Knowledge a Et]-am³t]-v]iS]*N]I\ B]g]v]t]I\ \ a Et]-am³t]-v]irSI*NI\ B]g]v]tI\ - which showers which gives in full measure the p]un]* b À#]]n]\} purn]* b aà] gny]na\ - about j]iv]- j]g]t]/ jiv]-j]g]t/ - and Wìv]rõ Wsv]r - which is Wìv]rõ #]]n]\ Wshv]r gnyån]\ in its entirety. B]v] eis]n]i\ B]v] eisini\ - The knowledge which uplifts one from all worldly pains and sorrows. When Upanishad talks about a Et] a Et], it only means p]un]*m]/ purn]*m/ - all inclusive, all pervasive Whole. That a Et] #]]n]\ a Et] gny]na\ - p]un]* Wìv]rõ #]]n]\ purn]* Wsv]r gnyåna\ - has nothing to do with sectarian philosophical divisions, which are of more recent origin. The Gita knowledge is p]un]* Wìv]rõ #]]n]\ purn]* Wsv]ra / gnyåna\ by Its very nature. That Gita Knowledge is B]v] eis]n]i\ B]v] eisini\ - the destroyer of rebirth, which means That Gita Knowledge is the means for gaining freedom from all s]\s]]rõ b]nd]n]s s]\sår b]nd]n]s - freedom from all bondages of worldly life, and for gaining j]iv] b ýà Aeky]\ jiv] braàõ AiIky]\ - recognition of one's true identity with p]rõmàìv]rõ p]rõmexv]r, already in oneself. asq]dx]]dy]]iy]n]i\ asqådaxådyåiyini\ - That Gita Knowledge is given in the 18 chapters of the B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ git].that B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ git] Knowledge is: a\b] a\b] - Mother Knowledge. Bhagvat Gita 5 Jun 8, 2015

6 a\b] tv]]\} an s]ndd]]im] a\b] två\ an s]nda DÅimI - I worship That Knowledge; I commit myself to the pursuit of The Knowledge. I do n]m]sä]r n]m]sk]r to that B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ git] Mother Knowledge. n]m]o%st to vy]]s] iv]x]]l]b e uýí]riv]nd]y]t] p]ˆ] noˆ] n]mo%st te vyås] ivixål]b e uíåraivind]y]t] p]ˆ]neˆ] y]en] tv]y]] B]]rt]tOl]p]UN]*: p jv]]il]t]o #]]n]m]y]: p dip]: 2 yen] tv]yå BÅr]t] tel] purn]*: p ajvåilito #Ån] m]y]: p adip]: This verse is a salutation to B]g]v]]n]/ vy]]s] B]gav]n/ vy]s], the author of m]h]b]]rt] m]håbårata. n]m]o%st to vy]]s] n]mo%st te vyås] - n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to you B]g]v]]n]/ vy]]s] B]gavÅn/ vyås] n]m]: n]m]: - saying n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to anyone is recognizing the divinity behind the form and name of the person. n]m]o%st to vy]]s] iv]x]]l] b e n]mo%st te vyås] ivixål] b e - n]m]sä]r n]m]sk]r to you vy]]s] vy]s] of wide knowledge and profound intellect. p Í-ariv]nd a]y]t] p]ˆ] noˆ] p Ía-arivInd a]y]t] p]ˆ] neˆ] - n]m]sä]r n]m]sk]r to vy]]s] vyås] whose eyes are so beautiful like the petals of a fully blooming lotus flower. The eyes are beautiful because the eyes are capable of seeing the glory of p]rmoãv]r p]ramesv]r in all existence; Beautiful eyes always means penetrating knowledge. n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to B]g]v]]n]/ vy]]s] B]gavÅn/ vy]s] of wide and penetrating knowledge. yon] tv]y]] yen] tv]yå - by whom #]]n]m]y]p dip]: gnyån]m]y] p adip]: - The lamp of all wisdom is p jv]]il]t]: p ajvåilit]: - well lighted in fullness B]]rt] tol] p]un]*: BÅrat] tail] purn]*: The oil for this lamp of wisdom is B]]rt] p]un]*: BÅrat] purn]*: - The fullness of Enlightenment. B]]rt] BÅrat] is the individual or the society where the sense of value is B]]-rt]- BÅrat] Enlightenment is Joy that sense of value is the oil for the lamp of wisdom. Bhagvat Gita 6 Jun 8, 2015

7 n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to B]g]v]]n]/ vy]]s] B]gavÅn vyås] of wide knowledge and penetrating intellect, by whom the lamp of wisdom has been well lighted bringing the fullness of Enlightenment through the Gita Mantras. The next 3 verses are salutations to Sri Krishna saying n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to Sri Krishna. p p]ì] p]]irj]]t]]y] t]oˆ]voˆoäp]]n]yo p ap]ì] påirijåtåy] toˆ]veˆeäý pån]ye #]]n]m ]y] ä&sn]]y] g]it]]m³t]duhe n]m]: 3 #Ån]m Åy] ä&snåy] gitåm³t]duhe n]m]: s]v]o*p]in]s]do g]]v]o dogd]] g]op]]l]n]ndn]: s]rvo*p]inis]do gåvo dogdå gopål]n]ndan]: p]]t]o* v]ts]: s D]IB]o*kt]] dugd]} g]it]]m³t]\ m]ht]/ 4 pårto* v]ts]: s DIrBo* Å dugd]\ gitåm³t]\ m]h]/t v]s dev]s t]\} dev]\} äýs]c]]n]urm]d*n}]\ v]s dev]s t]\ dev]\ äýâs] cånur]m]rd*an]m/ dev]äip]rm]]n]nd\ äësn}]\ v]nde j]g]t]/ g Îm]/ 5 dev]äi p]r]mån]nd]\ äësn]\ v]nde j]g]t/ g Îm/ 5 äësn}]\ v]nde j]g]t]/ g Îm]/ äësn]\ v]nde j]g]t/ g Îm/ - I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to Sri Krishna, whose g]it]] gitå teaching is for all humanity. I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to That Krishna. p p]ì] p]]irj]]t]]y] p ap]ìa påirijåtåy] - who is the p]]irj]]t] påirijåt] tree - the Divine Wish Fulfilling Tree the bestower of all needs for those who surrender to Him completely. Sri Krishna takes care of all the needs of everyone who seeks identity with Him completely; again t]oˆ]-voˆ] Aä p]]n]yo toˆ]-veˆ] Aka pån]ye who holds the wielding cane in one hand (t]oˆ] toˆ] = wielding, voˆ] veˆ] = cane) In one hand, Sri Krishna is holding the whip with which He drives the horses; His other hand assumes the gesture symbolizing knowledge; this means that Krishna does not give Bhagvat Gita 7 Jun 8, 2015

8 up the job of the charioteer role, He was playing, even while teaching b Àiv] ] b aàivw ] to Arjuna; Unto That Krishna, I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår again. ç]]n]m ]y] gnyåna m Åy] - Sri Krishna is the Stamp of Authority for b À#]]n]\} b ]Àa gnyånam - B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] B]gav]t/ gitå is the most authoritative teaching on b À#]]n]\} b ]Àa gnyånam; Sri Krishna is both the Eternal Law and the wielder of That Law. To that Sri Krishna, I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår g]it]]m³t] duhe gitåm³t] duhe - Sri Krishna is the milker of the Upanishadic knowledge leading to Enlightenment. The Gita gives the essential knowledge contained in all the Upanishads. ä&sn]]y] n]m]: kësnåy] n]m]: - To That Sri Krishna, I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår. The next 2 verses explain the words #]]n]m gnyån] m a and g]it]]m³t] duh gitåm³t] duha through a poetic comparison. s]v]o*p]in]s]do g]]v]o s]rvo*pi]nis]do gåvo -> s]v]* [p]in]s]d: g]]v]: s]rv]* [p]inis]dah gåv]: - all the Upanishads are compared to milk bearing cows. dogd]] g]op]]l] n]ndn]: dogdå gopål] n]ndan]: - The milker is Gopala Krishna g]op]]l] gopål] means j]g]diìv]r j]g]disv]r - The Lord of the entire Universe; and n]ndn]: n]ndan]: means a]n]nd sv]ðp]: Ån]nd sv]ðp]:; the a]n]nd Ån]nd here is b À]n]nd b aàån]nd; therefore, Sri Krishna is b À]n]nd sv]ðp] j]g]diìv]r b aàån]nd sv]ðp] j]g]disv]r - The Lord of the entire Universe whose manifestation is Fullness, Happiness and Enlightenment - p]un]*-b À]n]nd-#]]n]sv]Ðp]\} purn]*-b aàån]nd-gnyån] sv]ðpam p]]t]o* v]ts]: pårto* v]ts]: - Arjuna is the calf. In order to milk the cow you need a calf; the calf here is Arjuna. dugd}]\ g]it]]m³t]\} m]ht]/ dugdam gitåm³tam m]hat/ - The milk is the Supreme Gita Knowledge. B]o ]: Bo ]: - the enjoyers of the Milk are s D]I: s DI: - people with deep roots of piety, purity and peace, people who are mature enough for Gita Knowledge. Therefore, this is the comparison: Bhagvat Gita 8 Jun 8, 2015

9 All the Upanishads are the cows The Milker is Sri Krishna Arjuna is the calf The Milk is for all humanity to enjoy And The Milk itself is Gita Knowledge Fullness, Happiness, Enlightenment all in ONE. Again, That Sri Krishna is v]s]udev] s t]\} v]sudev] s tam - The son of Vasudeva äýs] c]]n]ur m]d*n]\} kýs] cånur m]rd*anam - The destroyer of äýs] kýs] and c]]n]ur cånur - the destroyer of all evil forces. dev]äi p]rm]]n]nd\ dev]ki p]ramån]nda\ - The perennial Joy to His Mother dev]äi dev]ki who is the very embodiment of piety, purity and peace. j]g]t]/ g Îm]/ j]g]t/ g Îm - The Teacher for all humanity. äësn]\} v]nde kësnam v]nde - That Sri Krishna I do n]m]sä]r n]m]skår to Him. I seek the Grace of That Sri Krishna at the start of this Gita study. There are 4 more verses in g]it]]dy]]n]\} gitå DyÅnam which we will see next time. Bhagvat Gita 9 Jun 8, 2015

b ýàõiv] Brahma Vidya B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] Bhagvad Gita Introduction Volume 2

b ýàõiv] Brahma Vidya B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] Bhagvad Gita Introduction Volume 2 \ Hi iinndduu Teemppl llee oof f Ottaawaa--Caarrl B]g]v]t]/ g]it]] Bhagvad Gita Introduction Volume 2 ao> p]]t]]*y] p it]b]oid]t]}]\ B]g]v]t]] n]]r]y]non] sv]y}]\ o> p]rtåy] p i]t}boid}tå\ B]g]v]tÅ nåråy]nen]