Sunday Services: Vespers on Saturday 6 PM, Sunday Matins 9:30 AM 10:45 AM Divine Liturgy

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1 The Self-Ruled Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese Of North America The Diocese of Eagle River and the Northwest Antiochian Orthodox Church of the Annunciation كنيسة البشارة األرثوذكسية األنطاكية th Street SW, Calgary, AB T3E 3J9 Rev. Fr. George Dahdouh, D.Min. Pastor. Tel: Home (587) , Cell (403) Sunday November 8th, 2015 Tone 6 / Eothinon 1 Holy Unmercenaries Cosmas and Damian of Asia & Fifth Sunday of Luke Sunday Services: Vespers on Saturday 6 PM, Sunday Matins 9:30 AM 10:45 AM Divine Liturgy RESURRECTIONAL APOLYTIKION IN TONE SIX When Mary stood at Thy grave, looking for Thy sacred body, angelic powers shone above Thy revered tomb; and the soldiers who were to keep guard became as dead men. Thou led Hades captive and wast not tempted thereby. Thou didst meet the Virgin and didst give life to the world, O Thou, Who art risen from the dead, O Lord, glory to Thee. APOLYTIKION OF THE ARCHANGELS IN TONE FOUR (**Thou Who wast raised up**) Supreme Commanders of the Hosts of the Heavens, * we, the unworthy, importune and beseech you * that by your supplications ye encircle us * in the shelter of the 1

2 wings * of your immaterial glory; * guarding us who now fall down * and cry to you with fervor: * Deliver us from dangers of all kinds, * as the great marshals of the heavenly hosts on high. Now sing the apolytikion of the patron saint or feast of the temple. KONTAKION OF THE ENTRANCE OF THE THEOTOKOS IN TONE FOUR (**Thou Who wast raised up**) The all-pure temple of the Savior, the most precious bridal chamber and Virgin, the treasure house of the glory of God, today enters the Temple of the Lord, bringing with her the grace which is in the divine Spirit: whom also the angels of God do celebrate in song; for she is the heavenly tabernacle. الطروباريات: ( للقيامة باللحن السادس(: إن القوات المالئكية/ ظهروا على قبر ك الم و ق ر/ والحراس / صاروا كاألموات/ ومريم و ق ف ت عند القبر طالبة جسد ك الطاهر/ فسب ي ت الجحيم ولم ت ج ر ب منها/ وصادفت البتول مانحا الحياة/ فيا م ن قام م ن بين األموات يا رب المجد ل ك. *** ترتل طروبارية القديس شفيع الكنيسة )للبشارة باللحن الرابع( اليوم رأس خالصنا وإعالن السر الذي منذ الدهور ألن ابن هللا يصير ابن البتول وجبرائيل بالنعمة يبش ر فلذلك ونحن معه لنهتف نحو والدة اإلله إفرحي أيتها الممتلئة نعمة الرب معك. القنداق: لدخول العذراء الى الهيكل اليوم الهيكل الذي للمخلص الكلي النقاء العذراء الخدر ذو الثمن الجزيل وهي الكنز الطاهرلمجد اإلله إذ تدخل بيت الرب ت دخل نعمة الروح اإللهي معها فلتسبحها مالئكة هللا ألنها المظلة السماوية. The Epistle: He makes His angels spirits, and His ministers flames of fire. Bless the Lord, O my soul. The Reading from the Epistle of St. Paul to the Hebrews. (2:2-10) Brethren, if the message declared by angels was valid and every transgression or disobedience received a just retribution, how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to us by those who heard Him, while God also bore witness by signs and wonders and various miracles and by gifts of the Holy Spirit distributed according to His own Will. For it was not to angels that God subjected the world to come, of which we are speaking. It has been testified somewhere, What is man that Thou art mindful of him, or the Son of man, that Thou carest for Him? Thou didst make Him for a little while lower than the angels; Thou hast crowned Him with glory and honor, putting everything in subjection under His feet. Now in putting everything in subjection to Him, He left nothing outside His control. As it is, we do not yet see everything in subjection to Him. But we see Jesus, Who for a little while was made lower than the angels, crowned with glory and honor because of the suffering of death, so that by the grace of God He might taste death for everyone. For it was fitting that He, for whom and by whom all things exist, in bringing many sons to glory, should make the Pioneer of their salvation perfect through suffering. 2

3 الرسالة الرسالة: عبرانيين ٢-١٠ ٢: يا إخوة إن كانت الكلمة التي ن طق بها على ألسنة مالئكة قد ثبتت وكل تعد ومعصية نال جزاء عدال فكيف ن فلت نحن إن أهملنا خالص ا عظيم ا كهذا قد ابتدأ النطق به على لسان الرب ثم ثب ته لنا الذين سمعوه وشهد به هللا بآيات وعجائب وقو ات متنوعة وتوزيعات الروح القدس على حسب مشيئته. فإنه لم ي خضع للمالئكة المسكونة اآلتية التي كالمنا فيها لكن شهد واحد في موضع قائال : ما اإلنسان حتى تذكر ه أو ابن اإلنسان حتى تفتقد ه نق صت ه عن المالئكة قليال بالمجد والكرامة كللت ه وأ قمت ه على أعمال يديك. أخضعت كل شيء تحت قدميه. ففي إخضاعه له كل سيء لم يترك شيئا غير خاضع له. اال أن ا اآلن لسنا نرى بعد كل شيء م خضع ا له وإنما نرى الذي ن ق ص عن المالئكة قليال يسوع م كلال بالمجد والكرامة ألجل ألم الموت لكي يذوق الموت بنعمة هللا من أجل الجميع ألنه الق بالذي كل شيء ألجله وكل شيء به وقد أ ورد إلى المجد ابناء كثيرين أن يجعل رئيس خالصهم باآلالم كامال. The Gospel (For the Seventh Sunday of Luke) The Reading from the Holy Gospel according to St. Luke. (8:41-56) At that time, there came to Jesus a man named Jairus, who was a ruler of the synagogue; and falling at Jesus feet he besought Him to come to his house, for he had an only daughter, about twelve years of age, and she was dying. As Jesus went, the people pressed round Him. And a woman, who had had a flow of blood for twelve years, and had spent all her living upon physicians, and could not be healed by anyone, came up behind Him, and touched the fringe of His garment; and immediately her flow of blood ceased. And Jesus said, Who was it that touched Me? When all denied it, Peter said, Master, the multitudes surround Thee and press upon Thee! And Thou sayest, Who touched Me? But Jesus said, Someone touched Me; for I perceive that power has gone forth from Me. And when the woman saw that she was not hidden, she came trembling, and falling down before Him declared in the presence of all the people why she had touched Him, and how she had been immediately healed. And Jesus said to her, Daughter, your faith has made you well; go in peace. While Jesus was still speaking, a man from the ruler s house came and said, Your daughter is dead; do not trouble the Teacher any more. But Jesus on hearing this answered him, Do not fear; only believe, and she shall be well. And when Jesus came to the house, He permitted no one to enter with Him, except Peter and James and John, and the father and mother of the child. And all were weeping and bewailing her; but Jesus said, Do not weep; for she is not dead but sleeping. And they laughed at him, knowing that she was dead. But taking her by the hand Jesus called, saying, Child, arise. And her spirit returned, and she got up at once; and Jesus directed that something should be given her to eat. And her parents were amazed; but He charged them to tell no one what had happened. اإلنجيل اإلنجيل: لوقا ٤١-٥٦ ٨: في ذلك الزمان دنا إلى يسوع إنسان اسمه ياير س وهو رئيس للمجمع وخر عند قدم ي يسوع وطلب اليه أن يدخل إلى بيته ألن له ابنة وحيدة لها نحو اثنتي عشرة سنة قد أ شرفت على الموت. وبينما هو منطلق كان الجموع يزحمونه وإن امرأة بها نزف دم منذ اثنتي عشرة سنة وكانت قد أنفقت معيشتها كل ها على األطباء ولم يستطع أحد أن يشفيها. دنت من خلفه ومس ت ه دب ثوبه وللوقت وقف نزف دمها. فقال يسوع: من لمسني واذ أنكر جميع هم قال بطرس والذين معه: يا معل م ان الجموع يضايقونك ويزحمونك وتقول من لمسني فقال يسوع: إنه قد لمسني واحد أل ن ي علمت أ ن قو ة قد خرجت من ي. فلم ا رأت المرأة أنها لم ت خف جاءت مرتعدة وخر ت له وأ خبرت أمام كل الشعب ألي ة عل ة لمسته وكيف برئت للوقت. فقال لها: ثقي يا ابنة إيمان ك أبرأك فاذهبي بسالم. وفيما هو يتكل م جاء واحد من ذوي رئيس المجمع وقال له: إ ن ابنتك قد ماتت فال ت تعب المعل م. فسمع يسوع فأجابه قائال: ال تخف. آم ن فقط فتبرأ هي. ولما دخل البيت لم يد ع أحد ا يدخ ل إال بطرس ويعقوب ويوحنا وأبا الصبي ة وأ م ها. فقال لهم: ال تبكوا إنها لم تم ت ولكنها نائمة. فضحكوا عليه لعلمهم بأنها قد ماتت. فأ مسك بيدها ونادى 3

4 قائال: يا صبية قومي. فرجعت روح ها وقامت في الحال فأمر أن ت عطى لتأكل. فدهش أبواها فأوصاهما أن ال يقوال ألحد ما جرى. المالئكة تأس س عيد رئيسي المالئكة ميخائيل وغفرئيل بداية القرن الرابع ضمن أعمال مجمع الالذقية المحلي. أدان المجمع في قانونه رقم ٣٥ هرطقة عبادة المالئكة وحد د ضوابط االكرام القويم للمالئكة. كما حد د يوم العيد الجامع في شهر تشرين الثاني الشهر التاسع ابتداء من آذار )آذار كان الشهر األول من السنة في ذلك الزمان( تيم ن ا بالطغمات )المراتب( المالئكي ة التسعة. توافق آباء المجمع على اليوم الثامن من تشرين الثاني لالحتفال بالعيد الجامع للقوات العادمة األجساد تيم ن ا بيوم الدينونة األخير ألنه بعد انتهاء أيام الخليقة السبعة يأتي»اليوم الثامن«و م ت ى ج اء اب ن اإل ن س ان ف ي م ج د ه و ج م يع ال م ال ئ ك ة ال ق د يس ين م ع ه ف ح ين ئ ذ ي ج ل س ع ل ى ك ر س ي م ج د ه )متى.)٣١ :٢٥ عمل القديس الشهيد في رؤساء الكهنة ديونيسيوس اآلريوباغي أسقف أثينا )+٩٦( الذي اقتبل المسيحي ة من بولس الرسول )أعمال ١٦-٣٤( ١٧: عمل على تحديد التعليم المسيحي حول المالئكة في مؤلفه»المراتب السماوية«. وأوضح أن غاية المراتب المالئكية هو االرتقاء إلى القداسة من خالل التنقية واالستنارة والسعي إلى الكمال. كذلك القديس يوحنا الدمشقي )+٧٥٠( بنى على الالهوت المالئكي لدى القديسين ديونيسيوس اآلريوباغي وغريغوريوس الالهوتي وحد د بعض صفات المالئكة: - خلق هللا المالئكة على صورته وأوجدها من العدم إلى الوجود كائنات عادمة األجساد -روحي ة- نار غير مادي ة»الص ان ع م ال ئ ك ت ه أر ي اح ا و خ د ام ه ن ار ا م ل ت ه ب ة «)مزمور ٤(. ١٠٣: وقد خلقها قبل إنشاء العالم المادي»ف ي ال ب د ء خ ل ق هللا الس م او ات و األ ر ض» )تكوين ١(. ١: - السماوات أي العالم غير المادي أنظر أيض ا سفر أيوب )االصحاح ٣٨( عندما يحد ث هللا أيوب عن وجود المالئكة أثناء خلق األرض لمعاينة عمل هللا. - المالك طبيعة ذكية في حركة دائمة وإرادة حر ة بال جسد خادم هلل عادم الموت بالنعمة المعطاة له من هللا. - طبيعة المالئكة عاقلة وقابلة للتبد ل ألنها مخلوقة. وهي غير مجر دة من الهوى ألن لها إرادة حر ة فهي قادرة على الثبات في الحق أو التقد م أو السقوط. ولكنها بال توبة ألنها بال أجساد فالشيطان )مالك ساقط( ال توجد لديه توبة. ولكنها تتحرك بصعوبة نحو الشر بسبب النعمة اإللهي ة وبسبب قربها من اإلله الواحد. - تمث ل المالئكة»األنوار الثانية«وتستمد نورها مباشرة من هللا»النور األول«األزلي. وألنها تمتلك قوة االستنارة فهي ال تحتاج إلى السمع والنطق ألنها قادرة على التواصل فيما بينها باألفكار والمشورة. - المالئكة مقي دة مكاني ا ومع أنها سريعة االنتقال ولكنها غير قادرة على التواجد في أكثر من مكان في نفس الوقت. ولكنها غير محدودة مادي ا ال تحجبها جدران أو قضبان أو أختام. وهي قادرة أن تظهر للناس بهيئة مادي ة ولكن ضمن حدود المهمة الموكلة اليها. - ال نعلم إن كانت المالئكة تتشارك الجوهر نفسه هللا أعلم. ولكنها تتمايز بعضها عن بعض بالرتبة والسطوع. وهي تعاين المجد اإللهي على قدر ما أعطاها هللا من مكانة )رتبة( ومن طاقته وهذا هو طعامها. مراتب )طغمات( المالئكة: تحيط بالعرش اإللهي ثالث حلقات هي الع ليا والوسطى والد نيا. وتتألف كل منها من ثالثة مراتب ليصبح مجموع المراتب تسعة يليها اإلنسان في المرتبة العاشرة - أدنى من مراتب المالئكة -»أنقصته قليال عن المالئكة«)أنظر مزمور ٥-٤ ٨: عبرانيين ٧(. ٢: وبذلك يكون كمال خليقة هللا بخلق اإلنسان )رمزي ة الرقم ١٠(. ففي التجس د اإللهي نجد أن هللا قد تنازل»آخذ ا صورة عبد«)فيليبي 7( 2: ليصير بشر ا ثم بصعوده إلى السماوات بعد القيامة جعل البشر أسمى من المالئكة ألنه رفع طبيعتنا معه وأتحدها مع هللا. أما طغمات المالئكة فهي كاآلتي: ١ -الدائرة الع ليا: هي الماثلة دائم ا أمام الحضرة اإللهية )السيرافيم / الشروبيم / العروش(: السيرافيم هي األقرب إلى الثالوث القدوس -»وقد مثل حولك السيرافيم للواحد ستة أجنحة ولآلخر ستة أجنحة...«)قد اس باسيليوس أنظر إشعياء ٣-٢ ( ٦: السيرافيم كلمة آرامية عبرية وتعنى اللهيب المشتعل - لهيب نار )الحب اإللهي(. 4

5 بعد السيرافيم تمث ل الشيروبيم»الكثيرو العيون«أمام الرب )تكوين ٢٤ ( ٣: ويشير اسمها إلى فيض الحكمة اإللهي ة واالستنارة المقد سة ألنه -من خاللها- يشع ن ور المعرفة اإللهي ة وفهم األسرار اإللهي ة. بعد الشيروبيم تمث ل العروش وهي تلك التي يستريح عليها الرب من خالل النعمة الم عطاة لها لهذه الخدمة بصورة سري ة ال ت فس ر )كولوسي ١٦( ١: وتخدم استقامة العدالة اإللهي ة. ٢ -الدائرة الوسطى: وهي الحلقة الثانية )السيادات / القوات / السالطين(: تسود السيادات على المراتب الد نيا من المالئكة وهي ت رشد السلطات الدنيوية والحكومات إلى االقتداء باهلل وتخمد الدوافع الخاطئة وت خضع الجسد لسلطان الروح وتوف ر قوة اإلرادة لالنتصار على التجارب. ت تم م القو ات ) ١ بطرس ٢٢( ٣: إرادة هللا هي تعمل معجزات وت رسل نعمة فعل المعجزات والحكمة إلى القديسين المرضي ين هلل. وتساعد الناس في الطاعة وتشجعهم على الصبر وتعطيهم اإليمان والمجالدة. تمتلك السالطين ) ١ بطرس ٢٢ ٣: كولوسي ١٦( ١: سلطة إخماد قوة الشيطان فهي تطرد من الناس تجارب الشرير وتحفظ النس اك وتحميهم وتساعد الناس في صراعهم ضد االفكار الشريرة. ٣ -الدائرة الد نيا: وتتألف من )الرئاسات / رؤساء المالئكة / المالئكة(: و ضع في أيدي الرئاسات إدارة الكون وحماية األرض واألمم والشعوب وت رشد الناس نحو االحترام وأصحاب السلطة إلى القيام بواجباتهم بما ينسجم مع احترام إرادة هللا ومحب ة القريب. ت علن رؤساء المالئكة عن عظمة القدوس وتكشف أسرار اإليمان والنبوءة ومعرفة االرادة اإللهي ة هي ت شد د اإليمان العميق في الناس وت نير أذهانهم بن ور معرفة الكتاب المقد س. أم ا المالئكة وهي األقرب لكل الناس: ت علن القصد اإللهي وتقودهم إلى الحياة الفاضلة والمقد سة. وتحميهم )المالك الحارس( وتحصنهم من السقوط وتساعدهم على التوبة. ال تتخلى عن ا أبد ا. وتتشارك كل مراتب القوات السماوية اسم»المالك«)خادم م رسل( - بسبب خدمتها. فوق كل المراتب التسعة مي ز الرب رئيس المالئكة ميخائيل الخادم األمين هلل قائد األجناد المالئكية الذي طرد من السماوات الم ستكبر»نجمة الصبح«)لوقا ١٨( ١٠: المتغطرس لوسيفوروس مع كل أرواحه الساقطين )إشعياء ١٢-١٥(. ١٤: حيث صرخ ميخائيل بأتباعه المالئكة:»لن صغ! لنقف حسن ا! لنقف بخوف أمام خالقنا وال نفتكرن بما ال يليق باهلل!«. في خدمة عيده يظهر ميخائيل في الكثير من أحداث العهد القديم في الكتاب المقدس. ففي خروج إسرائيل من مصر سار ميخائيل أمام الشعب بهيئة عمود الغمام في النهار وعمود النار في الليل. ومن خالله ظهرت قوة هللا ضد فرعون وجنده. كما ظهر ميخائيل ليشوع بن نون وكشف له إرادة هللا في معركة أريحا )يشوع ١٣-١٥(. ٥: كما»ض ر ب م ن ج ي ش أ شور م ئ ة أ ل ف و خ م س ة و ث م ان ين أ ل ف ا«) ٢ ملوك ٣٥(. ١٩: وحفظ هللا الفتية الثالثة في األتون سالمين بواسطة مالكه ميخائيل )دانيال ٢٨(. ٣: وبأمر هللا نقل رئيس المالئكة ميخائيل النبي حبقوق من اليهودية إلى بابل لكي يقوت دانيال في جب األسود )دانيال 38-32(. 14: ومنع ميخائيل الشيطان من إظهار جسد موسى النبي حتى ال يحوله اليهود إلى وثن )يهوذا ٩( ١: الخ... من خالل التقليد الشريف )والكتاب المقدس( نعرف عن ثمانية رؤساء للمالئكة: ميخائيل»من مثل هللا«األكثر شهرة ويرد ذكره كثير ا في الكتاب. ي كتب )ي رسم( في اإليقونة وهو يدوس الشيطان وفي يده اليسرى غصن بلح أخضر وفي يده اليمنى لفافة بيضاء أو سيف ناري مزدان بصليب قرمزي. جبرائيل»جبروت هللا«يرد ذكره في النبوءات والوالدات )دانيال ١٦ ٨: لوقا ٢٦(. ١: ي كتب في اإليقونة وهو يقد م غصن ا فردوسي ا إلى الفائقة القداسة العذراء مريم أو مع فانوس منير في يده اليمنى ومرآة من اليشب في ي سراه. روفائيل»الرب الشافي«يرد ذكره في سفر طوبيت )٣: ١٥(. ١٢: ١٦ في اإليقونة يحمل في يده اليسرى إناء أدوية شافية وباليمنى يقود طوبيا الذي يحمل سمكة )طوبيت ٥-٨(. أروئيال»نار أو نور هللا«منير )أبوكريفا 2 عزرا ٢٠(. ٥: في اإليقونة يرفع سيف ا في يمناه على مستوى صدره وفي يسراه يخفض نار ا ملتهبة. صالتئيل»صالة هللا«يحض على الصالة )أبوكريفا 2 عزرا ١٦(. ٥: في اإليقونة يبدو في وضعية صالة يخفض نظره لألسفل ويضم يداه الى صدره

6 شغديال»من يمجد هللا«يشج ع جهود تمجيد هللا ويتشف ع لنيل أجرة االجتهاد. في اإليقونة يحمل في يمناه إكليال من الذهب وفي يسراه سوط ا ثالثي ا أحمر )أو أسود(. برضيال»بركة هللا«يوز ع بركات هللا على األعمال الحسنة بواسطة الرحمة اإللهية للبشر. في اإليقونة يزدان ردائه بالورود المتفت حة. أرمايل»سمو هللا«ملهم وموقظ لألفكار السامية التي ترقى بالفكر إلى هللا )أبوكريفا 2 عزرا ٣٦(. ٤: في اإليقونة يحمل في يده ميزان ا Announcements "Do not consider your riches as belonging to yourselves alone; open wide your hand to those who are in need; assist those in poverty and pain; comfort those who have fallen into extreme distress; console with those who are in sorrow or oppressed with bodily maladies, and the want of necessities; and also comfort the saints who embrace a voluntary poverty so they may serve God without distraction. Nor will your doing so be unrewarded." St. Cyril of Alexandria. 1. The Entry of the Mother of God to the Temple: will be celebrated on Friday November 20 th with Orthros at 6 PM followed by Divine Liturgy. 2. Memorial Service today: we will have a memorial service today at the end of Liturgy for the martyr priest Fr. Fadi Haddad. May his memory be eternal. 3. The Nativity Fast: The Nativity Fast starts on November 15 th and continues until December 24 th at midnight. It is as follows: No meat, poultry, dairy protects, cheese, or fish. Fish is permitted on Saturday and Sunday. On Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, Olive Oil or alcohol are not permitted. On Tuesdays and Thursdays, alcohol and Olive Oil are permitted. From December 21-24, these are strict fast days. If you have any question or if you are taking medications, please speak to Father. 4. Ladies News: November 8 th after Liturgy, ladies meeting is open to all ladies of age 18 and up. Ladies Lunch (Lenten), November 15 th after Liturgy. 5. Teens from Edmonton: Teens from our sister parish of St. Philip will be visiting our teens on November 11 th. All teens are invited to attend the activities starting at AM. Parents, we need your help, please see Mary Basmajian. 6. From our Metropolitan: read our Father in Christ Met. Joseph s directives on same sex marriage Teens Basketball: November 22 nd after Liturgy. God willing Fr. George will play with the teens. 8. General Assembly: will be held on December 13 th after Liturgy to approve the spending of funds to start the design of our new church. More information to follow. 9. New Year s Party: Tickets are available now, please see one of the parish council members. 10. The Bible in the Liturgy: visit the following website: 6

7 11. Visit: Business Directory: Many people in our community own businesses. Please, give Father your business card, Father would like to create a business directory for our members. We should support our brothers and sisters, members of our Christian community in Calgary. 13. Food for The Hungry: Please, bring canned and non-perishable food for the poor people. The drive will continue until the end of the year. The non-perishable food will be distributed to local homeless shelters. 14. Vespers Every Wednesday: followed by Bible Studies. Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers (OCA.org) A Feastday was established in November, the ninth month after March (with which the year began in ancient times) since there are Nine Ranks of Angels. The eighth day of the month was chosen for the Synaxis of all the Bodiless Powers of Heaven since the Day of the Dread Last Judgment is called the Eighth Day by the holy Fathers. After the end of this age (characterized by its seven days of Creation) will come the Eighth Day, and then the Son of Man shall come in His Glory and all the holy Angels with Him (Mt. 25:31). The Angelic Ranks are divided into three Hierarchies: highest, middle, and lowest. The Highest Hierarchy includes: the Seraphim, Cherubim and Thrones. The six-winged SERAPHIM (Flaming, Fiery) (Is 6:12) stand closest of all to the Most Holy Trinity. They blaze with love for God and kindle such love in others. The many-eyed CHERUBIM (outpouring of wisdom, enlightenment) (Gen 3:24) stand before the Lord after the Seraphim. They are radiant with the light of knowledge of God, and knowledge of the mysteries of God. Through them wisdom is poured forth, and people s minds are enlightened so they may know God and behold His glory. The THRONES (Col 1:16) stand after the Cherubim, mysteriously and incomprehensibly bearing God through the grace given them for their service. They are ministers of God s justice, giving to tribunals, kings, etc. the capacity for righteous judgment. The Middle Angelic Hierarchy consists of three Ranks: Dominions, Powers, and Authorities: DOMINIONS (Col 1:16) hold dominion over the angels subject to them. They instruct the earthly authorities, established by God, to rule wisely, and to govern their lands well. The Dominions teach us to subdue sinful impulses, to subject the flesh to the spirit, to master our will, and to conquer temptation. POWERS (1 Pet 3:22) fulfill the will of God without hesitation. They work great miracles and give the grace of wonderworking and clairvoyance to saints pleasing to God. The Powers assist people in fulfilling obediences. They also encourage them to be patient, and give them spiritual strength and fortitude. AUTHORITIES (1 Pet 3:22, Col 1:16) have authority over the devil. They protect people from demonic temptations, and prevent demons from harming people as they 7

8 would wish. They also uphold ascetics and guard them, helping people in the struggle with evil thoughts. The Lowest Hierarchy includes the three Ranks: Principalities, Archangels, and Angels: PRINIPALITIES (Col 1:16) have command over the lower angels, instructing them in the fulfilling of God s commands. They watch over the world and protect lands, nations and peoples. Principalities instruct people to render proper honor to those in authority, as befits their station. They teach those in authority to use their position, not for personal glory and gain, but to honor God, and to spread word of Him, for the benefit of those under them. ARCHANGELS (1 Thess 4:16) are messengers of great and wondrous tidings. They reveal prophecies and the mysteries of the faith. They enlighten people to know and understand the will of God, they spread faith in God among the people, illuminating their minds with the light of the Holy Gospel. ANGELS (1 Pet 3:22) are in the lowest rank of the heavenly hierarchy, and closest to people. They reveal the lesser mysteries of God and His intentions, guiding people to virtuous and holy life. They support those who remain steadfast, and they raise up the fallen. They never abandon us and they are always prepared to help us, if we desire it. All the Ranks of the Heavenly Powers are called angels, although each has its own name and position by virtue of their service. The Lord reveals His will to the highest ranks of the angels, and they in turn inform the others. Over all the Nine Ranks, the Lord appointed the Holy Archangel Michael (his name in Hebrew means who is like unto God ), the faithful servitor of God, as Chief Commander. He cast down from Heaven the arrogantly proud Lucifer and the other fallen spirits when they rebelled against God. Michael summoned the ranks of angels and cried out, Let us attend! Let us stand aright before our Creator and do not consider doing what is displeasing unto God! According to Church Tradition, and in the church services to the Archangel Michael, he participated in many other Old Testament events. During the Exodus of the Israelites from Egypt he went before them in the form of a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. Through him the power of the Lord was made manifest, annihilating the Egyptians and Pharaoh who were in pursuit of the Israelites. The Archangel Michael defended Israel in all its misfortunes. He appeared to Joshua Son of Navi and revealed the will of the Lord at the taking of Jericho (Josh 5:13-16). The power of the great Chief Commander of God was manifest in the annihilation of the 185 thousand soldiers of the Assyrian emperor Sennacherib (4/2 Kings 19:35); also in the smiting of the impious leader Heliodorus (2 Macc. 3: 24-26); and in the protection of the Three Holy Youths: Ananias, Azarias and Misail, thrown into the fiery furnace for their refusal to worship an idol (Dan 8

9 3:22-25). Through the will of God, the Chief Commander Michael transported the Prophet Habbakuk (December 2) from Judea to Babylon, to give food to Daniel in the lions den (Dan. 14:33-37). The Archangel Michael disputed with the devil over the body of the holy Prophet Moses (Jude 1:9). The holy Archangel Michael showed his power when he miraculously saved a young man, cast into the sea by robbers with a stone about his neck on the shores of Mt Athos. This story is found in the Athonite Paterikon, and in the Life of St Neophytus of Docheiariou (November 9). From ancient times the Archangel Michael was famed for his miracles in Rus. In the Volokolamsk Paterikon is a narrative of St Paphnutius of Borov with an account of Tatar tax-gatherers concerning the miraculous saving of Novgorod the Great: Therefore Great Novgorod was never taken by the Hagarenes... when... for our sins the godless Hagarene emperor Batu devoured and set the Russian land aflame and came to Novgorod, and God and the Most Holy Theotokos shielded it with an appearance of Michael the Archangel, who forbade him to enter into it. He [Batu] was come to the Lithuanian city and came toward Kiev and saw the stone church, over the doors of which the great Archangel Michael had written and spoken to the prince his allotted fate, By this we have forbidden you entry into Great Novgorod. Intercession for Russian cities by the Most Holy Queen of Heaven always involved Her appearances with the Heavenly Hosts, under the leadership of the Archangel Michael. Grateful Rus acclaimed the Most Pure Mother of God and the Archangel Michael in church hymns. Many monasteries, cathedrals, court and merchant churches are dedicated to the Chief Commander Michael. In old Kiev at the time of the accepting of Christianity, a cathedral of the Archangel was built, and a monastery also was named for him. Archangel cathedrals are found at Smolensk, Nizhni Novgorod, Staritsa, at Great Ustiug (beginning of the thirteenth century), and a cathedral at Sviyazhsk. In Rus there was not a city, where there was not a church or chapel dedicated to the Archangel Michael. One of the chief temples of the city of Moscow, the burial church in the Kremlin, is dedicated to him. Numerous and beautiful icons of the Chief Commander of the Heavenly Hosts are also in his Cathedral. One of these, the Icon Blessed Soldiery, was painted in the Dormition Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. The saintly soldiers, Russian princes, are depicted under the leadership of the Archangel Michael. We invoke St Michael for protection from invasion by enemies and from civil war, and for the defeat of adversaries on the field of battle. He conquers all spiritual enemies. Holy Scripture and Tradition give us the names of the Archangels: Gabriel: strength (power) of God, herald and servitor of Divine omnipotence (Dan 8:16, Luke 1:26). He announces the mysteries of God. Raphael: the healing of God, the curer of human infirmities (Tobit 3:16, 12:15) 9

10 Uriel: the fire or light of God, enlightener (3 Ezdras 5:20). We pray for him to enlighten those with darkened minds. Selaphiel: the prayer of God, impelling to prayer (3 Ezdras 5:16). He prays to God for mankind. Jehudiel: the glorifying of God, encouraging exertion for the glory of the Lord and interceding for the reward of efforts. Barachiel: distributor of the blessings of God for good deeds, entreats the mercy of God for people. Jeremiel: the raising up to God (3 Ezdras 4:36) On icons the Archangels are depicted in according to the character of their service: Michael tramples the devil underfoot, and in his left hand holds a green date-tree branch, and in his right hand a spear with a white banner (or sometimes a fiery sword), on which is outlined a scarlet cross. Gabriel with a branch from Paradise, presented by him to the Most Holy Virgin, or with a shining lantern in his right hand and with a mirror made of jasper in his left. Raphael holds a vessel with healing medications in his left hand, and with his right hand leads Tobias, carrying a fish for healing (Tobit 5-8). Uriel in his raised right hand holds a naked sword at the level of his chest, and in his lowered left hand a fiery flame. Selaphiel in a prayerful posture, gazing downwards, hands folded on the chest. Jehudiel holds a golden crown in his right hand, in his left, a whip of three red (or black) thongs. Barachiel is shown with a white rose on his breast. Jeremiel holds balance-scales in his hand. Each person has a guardian angel, and every nation also receives its own guardian angel from God (Dan. 10:13). When a church is consecrated, it also receives a guardian angel (Palladius, Dial. Ch. 10). 10

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