Get to the Root of It! Tutorial 8

Transcription

1 Get to the Root of It! Tutorial 8 Lord, have mercy (Kyrie) Տէր Որողմեա Der voghormya Year of Church and Home

2 Der voghormya Kyrie - Lord have mercy Lord have mercy, All-Holy Trinity. Give peace to this world. And healing to the sick, Love and unity to the Armenian nation. Jesus, savior, have mercy on us. Although the phrase Der Voghormya is one of the most common in Armenian Church services, the Kyrie as a separate hymn is a late addition to the Armenian Communion Service. It was introduced by the Catholicos Simeon Yerevantsi in the late 1700s. It started as a chant by the laity during the period of heavy Persian and Turkish repression. It has many verses and a number of settings. The version given here is commonly used in Armenian Churches in America. It is often sung antiphonally, with the first verse sung by the Deacons, followed by the next verse by the people and choir. 2

3 Der Voghormya, Amenasurp Yerrortutyun Lord, Have Mercy, All-Holy Trinity Տէր der ='Lord' di+ayr dignified, teacher + android ողորմեա = voghormya -ya = thou command Ger. arm = 'poor'. arm-arm =? voghorm ամենասուրբ amenasurp = 'all-holy' amena= assem embled, sams ame, all. երրորդութիւն yerrort ortutyun = 'trinity' three 'd/th' tion Der Voghormya, Amenasurp Yerrortutyun We've seen many of these words before. Der 'Lord' has 2 components di and ayr. Di which is related to Eng. dignified, and ayr which is related to Eng/Greek android, 'study of man'. Together, di and ayr become Der and mean 'a dignified man', thus 'Lord'. voghormya 'have mercy' has two components. We often encounter the suffix -ya for the singular command, as for instance, in the greeting for married priests, orhnya der, 'bless lord'. As for the root, voghorm, it has no cognate in English, but some linguists have drawn a connection with German arm, meaning 'poor', suggesting that it was doubled - arm-arm to mean poor-poor -or pity. Repetitions such as this occur from time to time, for example, ar-ar-ich 'creator' (repeating the root ar 'to make') or geragur 'food' with two similar forms of the root 'to eat' ger (from the Communion Hymn). amenasurp 'all holy' has two components as well. The root is of course surp meaning 'holy, pure, clean', which as we have already discussed, has no direct English equivalent, but is likely to be related to Sanskrit çubhra. The prefix amena - means 'all' or 'most' and is related to the em/am in English assembled, same. Yerrortutyun 'trinity' has three components. yerr 'three' which is related to English three and Latin trio. As Armenian often does, a helping vowel (e) was added at the beginning of the word yetrio which then became yerro. The -ort- suffix creates adjectives as in English, -d/th, and utyun, as we know, is related to Eng. tion. Thus, yerrortutyun means something like third-ness, or trinity. Now let's listen to the phrase, sung and said, and repeat the phrase. Der Voghormya, Amenasurp Yerrortutyun, 'Lord have mercy, All-holy Trinity.' 3

4 Dur ashkharhis khaghaghutyun Give this world peace տուր dur = 'give!' Eng. donate + -r do! do! աշխարհիս ashkharhi-s = 'world' -s = 'this' խաղաղութիւն khaghaghutyun = 'peace' utyun=tion tion Dur ashkharhis khaghaghutyun 'Give this world peace' We have seen several of these words before. Dur 'give!' is composed of 2 components: the root du, which is related to Eng./Lat. donate. and -r suffix for singular commands, as in the Lord's Prayer dur mez aysor 'give us this day' and mi danir i portsutyun 'lead us not into temptation' ashkharhis 'to this world' like its English translation has 3 components - ashkharh which means 'world' and has no English cognate, the suffix -i, which means 'of, to, for', and the suffix - s, which, as we have seen, has its parallel in the final letter of English this. khaghaghutyun 'peace' another word that has no English cognate, although one component - utyun is related to English -tion. We have seen this in the Peace Blessing as well as the dismissal blessing Khaghaghutyun amenetsun 'Peace unto all', and Yertayk khaghaghutyamp 'Go in peace'. Now let's listen to the phrase, sung and said, and repeat the phrase. Dur ashkharhis khaghaghutyun Give this world peace. 4

5 Yev hivantats p-zhsh-gutyun And sick-to healing եւ yev ='and' հիւանդաց hivantats ='sick' Eng. patient suffix -ats = to pl. Eng. paternal Arm hayr, Eng. epi-dermus Arm. yev բժշկութիւն p-zhsh-gutyun = 'healing' puzhel = 'treat', pzhishg = 'doctor' Yev hivantats p-zhsh-gutyun 'And to the sick healing'. This phrase has two new words. hivantats = 'to the sick' the suffix -ats, as we have seen means 'to-for pl', as in the Lord's Prayer vorbes yev mek toghumk mer bardabanats 'as we grant forgiveness to our debtors' When someone is sick they are in pain. The Armenian word hivant is actually a repeated form related to Eng./Lat. patient. As in Eng. paternal, Arm. hayr, the first p becomes an h in Armenian, and as in Eng. epi Arm. yev 'and' or Stephen-Steven, the second p, in the middle of the word, becomes v. hence, hivant. p-zhsh-gutyun 'healing' has the familiar -utyun noun suffix. The root is puzh 'to heal' pzhishg 'physician', which has no related form in English. Now let's listen to the phrase, sung and said, and repeat it. Yev hivantats p-zhsh-gutyun And to the sick healing. 5

6 Azkis hayots ser miutyun Nation-to to-our our Armenians love unity ազգիս azkis = 'nation' Eng. ethe thnos + -i ='to sg.', -s =this, our հայոց hayots = 'Armenian' Eng. potent = strong, brave, -ots = 'to pl.' h~p correspondence սէր ser = 'love' Eng. home, city, civil, 'family', 'household' s~h~c correspondence միութիւն miutyun = 'oneness, unity' mi = Eng. mono, -utyun = tion (do not confuse with mi' ' 'do not' as in mi danir) Azkis hayots ser miutyun 'To our Armenian nation love, unity' azkis 'to our nation' has three components azk which is related to English ethnic group, the suffix -i- which means 'to sg.' and the suffix -s, which we see at the end of 'this' and may also mean 'our', as 'this' is the one near us. hayots 'to the Armenians' has two components. The suffix -ots along with its variant -ats, which we have seen in a number of words, e.g., hivantats 'to the sick', means 'to pl.', and the root hay appears to be related to Eng. potent, with the typical correspondence of Eng./Lat. p to Armenian h, as in Arm. hivant Eng. pain and Arm. hayr Eng. paternal, the t in the middle of the word is lost, as in hayr, mayr, kuyr, all of which have t/th in Eng./Lat. but y in Armenian, paternal/father - Arm. hayr, maternal/mother Arm. mayr, sister - Arm. kuyr. ser 'love' is related to English home, city, civil, exhibiting the k~s correspondence as for instance, Arm. sird and English heart, cordial. miutyun 'unity' is based on a root mi, which is related to Eng. mono, and the noun suffix - utyun which corresponds to Eng. tion. Be careful not to confuse this mi with the negative particle mi, as in mi danir. Now let's listen to the phrase, sung and said, and repeat it. Azkis hayots ser miutyun ' To our Armenian nation love, unity'. 6

7 Hisus prgich mez voghormya Jesus Savior on us have mercy Յիսուս Hisus ='Jesus' Heb. Yeshua, 'Savior' Փրկիչ Prgich = 'Savior' from Syriac 'prk' prk' ' + ich 'actor, one who ', as in ararich 'Creator', lusavorich 'Illuminator' մեզ mez = 'us' ողորմեա voghormya = 'mercy' -ya ='do thou' Hisus prgich mez voghormya 'Jesus Savior on us have mercy'. This has a number of words we already know quite well. Let's review them quickly. mez 'us', and voghormya 'have mercy' Hisus 'Jesus' which is from Hebrew Yeshua, Joshua, and means 'savior' Prgich 'savior' which is from Syriac 'prk' The -ich suffix means 'actor, a person who', a savior is 'one who saves'. ararich is 'one who creates, Creator', and a lusavorich is 'one who bears light'. Now let's listen to the phrase, sung and said, and repeat it. Hisus prgich mez voghormya 'Jesus Savior on us have mercy'. 7

8 Let's practice the words Տէր ողորմեա, Ամենասուրբ Երրորդութիւն, Der voghorm-ya amena-surp Lord merciful-be be-thou all-holy Trinity Lord, have mercy, All-Holy Trinity. տուր աշխարհիս խաղաղութիւն: dur give ashkharh-i-s give-thou world-to to-this this peace khaghaghutyun Give peace to this world. Yer-rortutyunrortutyun Եւ հիւանդաց բժշկութիւն. ազգիս հայոց սէր միութիւն: yev hivant-ats ats p-zhsh-gutyun azkis hayots ser miutyun and sick-to healing nation-to to Armenian love unity And healing to the sick, love and unity to the Armenian nation. Յիսուս փրկիչ մեզ ողորմեա: Hisus pr-gich mez voghorm-ya Jesus savior for-us mercy-have have-thou Jesus, Savior, have mercy on us. Now let's try saying the words line by line. 8

9 Let's practice singing it Now let's practice singing it. Listen and follow along, then practice it line by line and altogether from beginning to end. 9

10 Let's practice singing it Now let's practice singing it. Listen and follow along, then practice it line by line and altogether from beginning to end. 10