SYLLABUS FOR PG ADMISSION TEST

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1 SYLLABUS FOR PG ADMISSION TEST ENGLISH Syllabus for Linguistics For candidates with a background in Linguistics: Linguistic Analysis, Linguistic Theory, Sociolinguistics, Historical Linguistics, Language Typology, Language Acquisition and Learning For Candidates with no background in Linguistics: Topics in Linguistic Theory and Linguistic Analysis Suggested Readings: 1. John Lyons: Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics, CUP, John Lyons: Language and Linguistics, CUP, Ray Jackendoff: Foundations of Language, OUP, David Crystal: How Language Works, Penguin, Syllabus for Literature For candidates with a background in Literature: Literary Canon: Twentieth Century British Literature, Twentieth Century American Literature, Post-independence Indian Writing in English Literary Movements: Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Modernism, Post-modernism For Candidates with no background in Literature: Twentieth Century Literary Theory Suggested readings: Modern Criticism and Theory: A Reader edited by David Lodge and Nigel Wood Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory Peter Barry

2 Twentieth Century American Literature Representative works by selected authors: Mark Twain, Hemingway, Faulkner, Fitzgerald, Henry James, Saul Bellow, Toni Morrison, John Barth, Robert Frost, Sylvia Plath, Tennessee Williams, Arthur Miller, Eugene O Neill etc. Twentieth Century British Literature Selected authors: D.H. Lawrence, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, TS Eliot, WB Yeats, Joseph Conrad, Ted Hughes, Harold Pinter etc. Post-independence Indian writing in English Selected authors like R K Narayan, Anita Desai, Salman Rushdie, Nissim Ezekiel, Kamala Das, Amitav Ghosh, Mahesh Dattani etc.

3 ECONOMICS For candidates with a background in ECONOMICS MACROECONOMICS and INDIAN ECONOMICS National Income Accounting Methods IS-LM Model Classical Model Keynesian Model Fiscal and Monetary policies Exchange Rate Systems Balance of Payments Account Keynesian Multipliers in an Open Economy Structural Reforms Indian Money Market and RBI s Monetary Policy Poverty Alleviation Programmes MICROECONOMICS Basic Introduction Demand and Supply, Concept of Elasticity, Movement along the curve versus shift of the curve Theory of Consumer Behaviour Theory of Production and Costs Theory of Markets Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly Theory of Distribution/ theory of factor markets MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS Elementary probability theory, conditional probability, Bayes theorem, measures of central tendency, skewness, kurtosis, dispersion, correlation and regression (assumptions of the CLRM and properties of the estimators), OLS, Gauss Markov theorem, probability distributions binomial, Poisson, uniform and normal. Basic set theory, matrix algebra, concept of derivative, optimization with one and multiple choice variables, exponential and logarithmic functions, and integration For candidates with no background in ECONOMICS BASIC ECONOMICS Demand and Supply, Concept of Elasticity, Movement along the curve versus shift of the curve Basic Utility Theory, Indifference Curves Basic Concept of Production Function, Average Cost, Marginal Cost Basic Concept of Perfect Competition and Monopoly Definitions of GDP, GNP, National Income Expenditure Multiplier, Tax Multiplier

4 Multipliers with Export and Import RBI s Monetary Policies, Indian Five Year Planning Programmes, Poverty Alleviation Programmes Suggested Readings 1. Mankiw G N. Principles of Macroeconomics. 6 th ed. South western, 2012,ISBN: Robert S Pindyck, Daniel L Rubinfeld.Microeconomics.7 th ed. DORLING KINDERSLEY (RS), 2008, ISBN: Varian H. Intermediate Microeconomics.8 th ed. W.w. Norton & Company, 2009, ISBN: Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer.Macroeconomics.6 th ed. Tata Mcgraw Hill Education Private Limited, 2005, ISBN: Kapila U.Indian Economy since Independence.14 th ed. Academic Foundation, ISBN: Mathematics 1. Algebra: Binomial theorem, AP, GP, HP, exponential series, logarithmic series, sequence, permutations and combinations, theory of polynomial equations (up to third degree). 2. Matrix Algebra: Vectors and matrices, matrix operations, determinants. 3. Calculus: Functions, limits, continuity, differentiation of functions of one or more variables. Unconstrained optimization, definite and indefinite integrals, integration by parts and integration by substitution, constrained optimization of functions of not more than two variables. 4. Vectors and Vector Calculus 5. Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization Statistics Elementary Probability theory, conditional probability, Bayes theorem, measures of central tendency, skewness, kurtosis, dispersion, correlation, regression (assumptions of the CLRM, properties of the CLRM estimators, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation and their tests), OLS, Gauss Markov theorem, probability distributions binomial,poisson, uniform,normal, logistic, exponential, Gamma and Beta. Suggested Readings: 1. Irwin Miller, Marylees Miller. JOHN E. FREUND'S MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS WITH APPLICATIONS. 8 th ed. Pearson Education, 2014, ISBN: Kevin Wainwright, Alpha C. Chiang. FUNDAMENTAL METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS.4 th ed. McGraw Hill Education, 2013, ISBN: Christopher Dougherty. Introduction to Econometrics. 4 th ed. OUP India, 2011, ISBN:

5 4. Jeffrey M. Wooldridge.INTRODUCTORY ECONOMETRICS: A MODERN APPROACH. 4 th ed. CENEAGE LEARNING INDIA PVT LTD, 2012, ISBN: Peter J Hammond, Knut Sydsaeter. MATHEMATICS FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS.1 st ed. DORLING KINDERSLEY (RS), 1995, ISBN:

6 PSYCHOLOGY For candidates with a background in PSYCHOLOGY General Psychology: Scope of Psychology and Methods, Systems and Theories in Psychology, Physiological Basis of Behaviour, Self and Personality, Perception, Intelligence, Thinking and Language, Learning, Memory, Motivation Social Psychology: Scope of Social Psychology and Methods, Social Constructionist Movement in Social Psychology, Social Perception, Social Cognition, Social Perception, Social Influence (Conformity, Compliance and Obedience), Attitude and Attitude Change, Aggression, Pro-Social Behaviour, Prejudice, Group Dynamics, Inter-Group Relations. Research Methods: Scientific Research: Paradigms and Rigour; Quantitative Research (Hypothesis Testing, Methods and Designs, Psychometrics); Qualitative Research (Paradigms and Methodologies, Types of Methodologies, Criteria of Rigour) Statistics in Psychology: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics used in behavioural sciences For candidates with no background in PSYCHOLOGY General Psychology: Scope of Psychology and Methods, Systems and Theories in Psychology, Physiological Basis of Behaviour, Self and Personality, Perception, Intelligence, Thinking and Language, Learning, Memory, Motivation Research Methods: Scientific Research: Paradigms and Rigour; Quantitative Research (Hypothesis Testing, Methods and Designs, Psychometrics); Qualitative Research (Paradigms and Methodologies, Types of Methodologies, Criteria of Rigour) Statistics in Psychology: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics used in behavioural sciences Suggested readings: 1. Baron, R. A. (2006). Psychology (5th edition). New Delhi: Pearson Education. 2. Morgan, C. T., King, R. A., Weisz, J. R., & Schopler, J. (1986). Introduction to psychology (7th edition) Bombay: Tata-McGraw Hill. 3. Broota, K. D. (2010). Experimental Design in Behavioural Research. N Delhi: New Age International (p) Ltd. 4. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (4 th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage. 5. Minium, E. W., King, B. M., & Bear, G. (1993). Statistical reasoning in psychology and education (3rd edition). New York: John Willey. 6. Aron, A., Aron, E., & Coups, E. J. (2012). Statistics for Psychology, (4 th Ed.). Pearson.

7 PHILOSOPHY For candidates with a background in PHILOSOPHY 1. Classical Indian Philosophy Vedic and Upanisadic world views : Rta the cosmic order, the divine and the human realms; the centrality of the institution of yajna ( sacrifice ), the concept of rna duty / obligation; theories of creation Atman Self ( and not self ), Jagrat, Svapna, Susupti and turiya, Brahman, sreyas and preyas Karma, samsara, moksa. Carvaka : Pratyaksa as the only pramana, critique of anumana and sabda, rejection of non material entities and of dharma and moksa. Jainism : Concept of reality sat, dravya, guna, paryaya, Jiva, ajiva, anekantavada, syadvada and nayavada; theory of knowledge; bondage and liberation. Buddhism: Four noble truths, astahgamarga, nirvana, madhyam pratipad, pratityasamutpada, ksanabhahgavada, anatmavada. Schools of Buddhism : Vaibhasika, Sautrantika, Yogacara and Madhyamika. Nyaya : Prama and apramd, pramanya and apramanya; pramdna : pratyaksa nirvikalpaka, savikalpaka, laukika and alaukika; anurndna : anvayavyatireka, lingapardmarsa uydpti. Classification : vyaptigrahopayas, hetvdbhasa, upamana. Sabda : Sakti, laksana, akanksa, yogyata, sannidhi and tatparya, Concept of God, arguments for the existence of God, adrsta, nihsryeasa. Vaisesika : Concepts of padartha, dravya, guna, karma, samanya, samavaya, visesa, abhdua, causation : Asatkaryavada, samavayu asamavayi nimitta karana, paramdnuvada adrsta, nihsiryeas. Samkhya : Satkaryavdda, prakrti and its evolutes, arguments for the existence of prakrti, nature of purusa, arguments for the existence and plurality of purusa relationship between purusa and prakrti, kaivalya, atheism. Yoga : Patanjali s concept of citta and citta vrtti, eight fold path of yoga, the role of God in yoga.

8 Purva Mimamsa : Sruti and its importance, atheism of purvajritinamsa, classification of srutivakyas, vidhi, nisedha and arthavada, dharma, bhavana, sabdanityavada, Jatisaktivada, Kumarila and Prabhakara Schools of mlmamsa and their major points of difference, triputi samvit, jnatata, abhava and anupalabdhi, anvitdbhidhanavada, abihifdhvayavada Vedanta. Advaita Rejection of difference : Adhyasa, maya, three grades of satta, Jiva, Jtvanmukti, Vivartavada. Visispadvaita : Saguna Brahman, refutation of maya, aprthaksiddhi parindmavada, Jiva, bhakti and prapatti, Dvaita Rejection of nirguna brahman and maya, bheda and saksi, bhakti. 2. Modern Indian Thinkers Vivekananda Practical Vedanta, Universal Religion. Aurobindo Evolution, Mind and super-mind, integral Yoga. Iqbal Self, God, Man and Superman. Tagore Religion of Man, Ideas on Education. K. C. Bhattacharyya Concept of Philosophy, Subject as freedom, the Doctrine of Maya. Radhakrishnan Intellect and intuition, the idealist view of life. J. Krishnamurti Freedom from the known, analysis of self. Gandhi Non violence, Satyagraha, Swaraj, Critique of Modern Civilization. Ambedkar Critique of Varna and the caste system, Neo Buddhism. 3. Classical Western Philosophy Early Greek Philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, Ionians, Pythagoras, Parmenides, Heraclitus and Democritus.

9 The Sophists and Socrates Plato Theory of knowledge, knowledge ( episteme ) and opinion ( doxa ), theory of Ideas, the method of dialectic, soul and God. Aristotle Classification of the sciences, the theoretical, the practical and the productive ( theoria, praxis, techne ), logic as an organon, critique of Plato s theory of Ideas, theory of causation, form and matter, potentiality and actuality, soul and God. Medieval Philosophy. St. Augustine Problem of Evil. St. Anselm Ontological argument. St. Thomas Aquinas Faith and Reason, Essence and Existence, the Existence of God. 4. Modern Western Philosophy Rationalism : Descartes : Conception of method and the need for method in philosophy, clarity and distinctness as the criterion of truth, doubt and methodological scepticism, the cogito intuition or inference? Innate ideas, the real distinction between mind and matter, role of God, proofs for the existence of God, mind body interactionalism. Spinoza : Substance, Attribute and Mode, the concept of God or Nature, the mind body problem, pantheism, three orders of knowing. Leibniz : Monadology, truths of reason and truths of fact, innateness of all ideas, proofs for the existence of God, principles of non contradiction, sufficient reason and identity of indiscemibles, the doctrine of pre established harmony, problem of freedom and philosophy. Empiricism : Locke : Ideas and their classification, refutation of innate ideas, theory of knowledge, three grades of knowledge, theory of substance, distinction between primary and secondary qualities. Berkeley : Rejection of the distinction between primary and secondary qualities, immaterialism, critique of abstract ideas, esse est percipi, the problem of solipsism; God and self. Hume : Impressions and ideas, knowledge concerning relations of ideas and knowledge concerning matters of fact, induction and causality, the external world and the self, personal identity, rejection of metaphysics, scepticism, reason and the passions.

10 Critical Philosophy and After : Kant: The critical philosophy, classification of judgements, possibility of synthetic a priori judgements, the Copernican revolution, forms of sensibility, categories of understanding, the metaphysical and the transcendental deduction of the categories, phenomenon and noumenon, the Ideas of Reason soul, God and world as a whole, freedom and immortality, rejection of speculative metaphysics. Hegel: The conception of Geist ( spirit ), the dialectical method, concepts of being, non being and becoming, absolute idealism. Nietzsche: Critique of western culture, will to power. Moore: Refutation of idealism, defense of commonsense, philosophy and analysis. Russell: Refutation of idealism, logic as the essence of philosophy, logical atomism. Wittgenstein: Language and reality, facts and objects, names and propositions, the picture theory, philosophy and language, meaning and use, forms of life. Husserl: The Husserlian method, intentionality. Heidegger: Being, man as being in the world, critique of technological civilization. Logical Positivism: The verifiability theory of meaning, the verification principle, rejection of metaphysics, unity of science. C. S. Pierce and William James: Pragmatic theories of meaning and truth. G. Ryle: Systematically misleading expressions, category mistake, concept of mind, critique of Cartesian dualism. For candidates with no background in PHILOSOPHY Basic philosophical concepts: Truth (theories of truth and error), Knowledge (definition, ways of knowing), Skepticism, Problem of induction, Definition, Mind, Consciousness, Atman, Brahman, Argument and its validity, Good, Duty, Beauty, Aesthetic Experience Some philosophical schools: Materialism and Idealism, Monism and Dualism, Rationalism and Empiricism Ethics: Duty and Obligation, Cardinal Virtues, Eudaemonism, Freedom and Responsibility, Crime and Punishment Logic: Nature of propositions, Truth and validity, Laws of thought, Classification of propositions, Square of Opposition

11 Suggested readings: 1. Betrand Russell, Wisdom of the West: a historical survey of Western philosophy in its social and political setting, Crescent Books, Inc Bertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy, Oxford University Press, Will Durant, The Story of Philosophy, Pocket Books, Simon &Shuster, New York, Simon Blackburn, Think: A Compelling Introduction to Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, Patrick Hurley, Concise Introduction to Logic, 12 th Edition, Cengage Learning, C. D. Sharma, A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy, Orient Book Distributors, M. Hiriyanna, Outlines of Indian Philosophy, Motilal Benarasidas, 1993.

12 SOCIOLOGY For candidates with a background in SOCIOLOGY 01 Classical Sociological Theory The socio-historical and intellectual background of Sociology; August Comte (Sociology Positivism social evolution); Karl Marx (Historical and Dialectical Materialism Class Conflict Capital Base and Super structure); Emile Durkheim (Social Fact methodology Social Solidarity social change religion and society); Max Weber (Social Action methodology Authority Class, Status and Power religion and economy) 02 Modern Sociological Theory Conflict Theory and Neo-Marxism (Lewis Coser Ralf Dahrendorf Antonio Gramsci Louis Althusser Habermas) Functionalism and Neo-Functionalism (Talcott Parsons Robert Merton Jefferey Alexander) Interpretative Sociology (G.H. Mead Harold Garfinkel Erving Goffman Alfred Schutz Peter Berger Luckmann) 03 Social Research Method Meaning and nature (social phenomena scientific enquiry objectivity and subjectivity fact and value); Quantitative methods (survey research design hypothesis sampling, techniques of data collection: observation, questionnaire and interview); Qualitative methods (participant observation case study content analysis oral history life history); Statistical tools (measures of central tendency measures of dispersion correlation test of significance reliability and validity). 04 Sociology of India Approaches to the Study of Indian Society (Indology Civilizational Functional Marxist Subaltern); People of India (groups and communities unity and diversity pluralism); Caste structure and change (Tribe and Caste forms of caste caste and social institutions changes in caste system); Rural social structure (village community change in village community); Family, kinship and marriage; Religion in India (ideology organization religious movement) 05 Social Stratification Theories of social stratification (social class class, status, and party cultural stratification); Issues in stratification (difference hierarchy equality and inequality); Forms of stratification (caste class gender ethnic); Stratification and social mobility in India. 06 Economy and Society Theories on economic social relationship; Features of industrial society (factory system division of labour bureaucracy rationality production relations surplus value alienation); Relationships (labour management conciliation adjudication

13 arbitration collective bargaining trade unions Joint management councils quality circles); Agriculture, Industry and service sectors; Industrialization and social change in India; Industrial planning. 07 Political Sociology Approaches to the study of politics; Concepts (power and authority consensus and conflict elites and masses state and stateless societies); Local, everyday power and wider political system; State and society under capitalism; Citizenship and the welfare state; sovereignty and institutional autonomy; state and society in India; Civil society and social mobilisation. 08 Sociology of Development Conceptual perspectives (economic human social sustainable ecological notions of development); Theories of underdevelopment (Max Weber Gunner Myrdal Frank Samir Amin Wallertein); Paths of development (modernisation globalization Socialist Mixed Gandhian); Social structure and development; Culture and development 09 Family, Kinship and Marriage Theories; family (types characteristics) kinship (incest taboo honour descent, residence and inheritance); Marriage patterns (exchange alliance bride-wealth dowry social reproduction monogamy plural marriages); Culture, law and economy; Indian case. For candidates with no background in SOCIOLOGY 01 Sociology What is sociology? Difference between sociology and other social sciences. 02 Indian Society Family structure; Social Stratification: Caste, Class and Gender; Religion; Concepts of Modernization, Westernization and Sanskritization. 03 Development and Change Issues pertaining to economic and social development; Issues in sustainable development and ecology. 04 Social Research Methods Approaches to the study of social phenomena; Primary and secondary data; Fieldwork and survey; Statistical tools (measures of central tendency measures of dispersion correlation test of significance reliability and validity).

14 05 Some Social Issues: Communalism; Corruption; Globalization, Social Inequality and Poverty, Democracy. Suggested readings: 1. Giddens, Anthony. Sociology. Polity Press 2. Haralambos, M. Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. Oxford University Pres 3. Singh, Yogendra. Modernization of Indian Tradition. Rawat Publication 4. Srinivas, M. N. Caste in Modern India and Other Essays. Asia Publishing House

Philosophy 1. Classical Indian Philosophy 30 marks

Philosophy 1. Classical Indian Philosophy 30 marks Vedic and Upnishadic world views: Rta- the cosmic order, the divine and the human realms: the centrality of the institution of yajna (sacrifice), the