Various historical aims of research
|
|
- Rudolf Lambert
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Updated The second Stage Various historical aims of research Introduction To assist the forward movement of students we have provided knowledge of research. Using a brief understanding we have provided notable historical theories. These theories provide a background upon which researchers can build. Using these theories, we aim to assist the next stage and place research into perspective and context. When researching, reference to a time is key. Methodology In this study, we have provided various reasons for research to fall-into-place. It has been recognised longitudinal studies are used to study change and find trends over time. The most appropriate form of research to present this research is to present it as a longitudinal study. A date has been presented against the research theories to highlight their development in time and to emphasise the continued development of research techniques. Here we have identified various historical theories. Here we have explained the power of positivism. Each theory has reason to be applied to specific research. With these, we aim to assist the student place research into perspective. Here we have emphasised how opinions 1
2 have changed over time and given a brief reason for these changes. By presenting these methods of study, we have provided a background of research. Findings Out of the research options, related beliefs need to be followed to arrive at a justified answer. Doing this will allow a thesis to follow preferred objectives. Below some major theorists are presented. They had opposing ideas on ways to conduct research. The researcher needs to recognise there is a need to give reason to alternate forms a research. These forms of presenting research present an excellent historical base from which to present a particular research perspective. For instance, Auguste Comte ( ) had some influences in his life that have benefited and furthered human-kind. Auguste Comte s father was a tax official. Auguste Comte s mother and father were both monarchists and Roman Catholics. At school, Comte proved to be a brilliant mathematician and scientist. Auguste Comte attended the University of Montpellier. While getting older, Comte had grown up in the wake of the French Revolution. Inspired by the French Revolution and opposing his parents he rejected religion and royalty. Instead, he focused on the study of society. Building on the political knowledge he had gained, Comte favoured republicanism. Comte met Henri de Saint- Simon, a social theorist who was influenced by communism. Saint-Simon was an early 2
3 founder of European socialism. Deeply influenced by Saint-Simon, Comte became his secretary and collaborator [1]. Comte developed his positive philosophy. Positive philosophy was later to become known as positivism. Comte was, therefore, seen as the founder of positivism. To answer a question, he broke a questioned subject into two categories. Using his view, on the one side, there were the forces that hold society together ("social statics" (to be presented using a quantitative methodology)). Alternately, there are the forces driving social change ("social dynamics" (to be presented through qualitative methodology)). Comte's ideas and use of scientific methods greatly advanced the field of scientific research. Comte continued to attempt to unify history, sociology and economics through the scientific understanding of society. At the time, Comte s subject of interest was described as social physics. Social physics later came to be known as sociology [1]. Comte s work was widely known by Europe s intellectuals and influenced the thinking of Karl Marx, John Stuart Mill and George Eliot. Karl Marx ( ) was one of the world s leading philosophers and economists while being recognised as a classical sociologist. Marx was the founder of communism and historical materialism [2]. Communism is where the State makes political and social arrangements. Here the state controls the means of production. Communism involves a totalitarian control of society. Communism collapsed in the Soviet Union in Although, communism still influences in oriental countries such as China, North Korea, Cuba, and Vietnam [6]. Historical materialism relates to Marx s belief in society and history. History explains why a society came into existence, built through using such forms as the state, religion, and a market [2]. 3
4 Emile Durkheim ( ) was a sociologist. He believed sociology should be studied through observation. Durkheim was a founder of functionalism. Functionalism seeks to explain the existence of social structures by the role they perform in society. Here the research focus is the use of inductive logic. Inductive logic is arrived at by presenting interdependent parts. There may be relationships. Deductions may or may not be made. Here a specific society needs to be questioned, rather than the individual [3]. For instance, a whole government involves the use of various departments to function and run the United Kingdom. Part of a government could not run the UK on its own. Part of a government could be questioned in the said way. For instance, the Social Security is one social structure of the UKs government. Within this social structure, there are specific interrelating parts. Inductive reasoning presents a flexible view of research. In this example, research should involve a specific area in the Social Security. To continue this belief, a microform of research needs to take place from the whole structure. For instance, a functional explanation of crime would be that it serves to mark out through punishment by the State, the boundaries of socially acceptable behaviour. Examples of this functional explanation should be presented. Functionalism was the scientific positivism of its day [3]. Max Weber ( ) was an empiricist of the natural sciences. Weber s philosophy involved the distinction between the external world, which involves either the phenomena we perceive or noumena involved perceiving consciousness [4]. To clarify these points, Weber discusses how reality meets the individual. For instance, phenomena are the appearances that constitute our experience while noumena are the (presumed) instances, which constitute a person's reality. Noumenon is itself inaccessible to experience. Phenomenons are referred to as a base or cause. Noumena 4
5 should then be defined in contrast to observable phenomena. Here Positivism; both quantitative and qualitative approaches have reason to be used. Document take on a specific form. A specific written form is chosen to identify with the document being written [5]. For instance, the document may follow a memo, a report, an essay, a dissertation, etc. The specific written form provides a reason to write a document in a specific way. Each written form has an aim. A document is written to achieve this aim. Presently positivism is the philosophy of science. Although, positivism has been misused to be applied to almost any kind of empirical research without paying enough attention to the complexities of social meaning. Positivism stands squarely within the empiricists tradition. When considering metaphysical speculation, speculation is rejected in favour of positive knowledge based on systematic observation and experiment [5]. Discussion It is shown, over time, different methods of studying have developed for varying reasons. Students aim to write to provide knowledge. Students write to provide emphasis of a subject. Social theorists provide the knowledge to write in different ways. For instance, Comte s positivism produces information that shows the forces that hold society together using social statics (quantitative methodology) and social dynamics (qualitative methodology). Alternately, there may be a reason to continue Durkheim s view and explain the existence of a social structure through functionalism (although writing in this way follows inductive 5
6 reasoning). So focus is presented by the researcher s own vision of reality. Additionally, a researcher may have more of an inclination to present Weber s distinction, which recognises that there are differing views on reality. Either phenomenon we perceive, or a noumena {that are presumed instances), constitute an individual s reality. Here both quantitative and qualitative approaches have reason to be used. Students aim to write to provide knowledge. Students write to provide emphasis of a subject. Educationally and presently, positivism is the continued philosophy of science. Positivism relates to empirical research. Documents are written with a specific aim. Documents take on a specific form. A written form follows the documents specific aim. Alternately, all these theories may be used when researching one instance to highlight the different results. Additionally, a researcher must define which written form to use to write. A student may be able to show reason to define his own individual form of thinking. Tradition needs to be continued. Everything has meaning. Tradition and meaning need to be continued. Conclusion We aim to assist the forward movement of students. Students aim to write to provide knowledge. Students write to provide emphasis of a subject. Presently positivism is the philosophy of science. Please be aware, society appreciates and so works on the application of history. Although, recently positivism has been misused to be applied to almost any kind of empirical research without paying enough attention to the complexities of social 6
7 meaning. A definition would present a definite definition of the social meaning of research. Metaphysical speculation has no reason to involve systematic observation and experiment. Social theorists have viewed social theory in different ways. There are varying written forms researchers follow. In each document, researchers must choose a specific form to follow. When writing a researcher then have the ability to apply a different written option. Recommendations Students need to build up knowledge of written concepts. Such as, knowing who wrote a specific direction. There needs to be an understanding of the concepts of each theorist. Keep written distinctions of each theorist and theories. Knowledge of such fundamental concepts will pay dividends in the future. For instance, such knowledge will assist the knowledge of the varying, and possible written directions. A researcher must choose and specify a specific written direction. When using a specific written direction introduce this understanding in the documents introduction. Gain knowledge and use history as a pathfinder. Theories can be built. Theories are built with reason. With knowledge, a researcher will have written ability and have reason to show written confidence to his tutor. When providing such distinction, it provides a reader with faith in the researcher's written ability. With faith, a response has reason to arise. With reason, others will have a reason to become connected to a researcher's documents. With a need for such knowledge, employers will then have a need to get to know a knowledgeable researcher. Therefore, with knowledge comes ability and people have reason to know ability. 7
8 Bibliography [1] Jary and Jary. (1991) Collins Dictionary of Sociology. Harper Collins Publishers. p [2] Lawson and Garrod. (2001) Dictionary of Sociology. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p.181 [3] Lawson and Garrod. (2001) Dictionary of Sociology. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p.199 [4] Lawson and Garrod. (2001) Dictionary of Sociology. London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. p.199 [5] Mary Holden and Lynch. Guide to methodological ability, available from h_philosophy_rikon_group.pdf, via [17/10/2015] Please be aware, the level of knowledge provided increases as this paper continues. Reference: EA. DL. 2 All Rights Reserved 8
사회학영문강독 제 12 강. 전광희교수
사회학영문강독 제 12 강 전광희교수 jkh96@cnu.ac.kr 강독내용 사회학자 Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Ralf Dahrendorf 실증주의 Positivism 사회진화론 Social Evolution 사회갈등이론 Theory of Social Conflict 사회정학과사회동학 Social Statics and Dynamics
More informationPOLI 343 Introduction to Political Research
POLI 343 Introduction to Political Research Session 3-Positivism and Humanism Lecturer: Prof. A. Essuman-Johnson, Dept. of Political Science Contact Information: aessuman-johnson@ug.edu.gh College of Education
More informationSOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought
SOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought Session 2 The Founders of Sociology: Auguste Comte (1798-1857) Lecturer: Dr. Dan-Bright S. Dzorgbo, UG Contact Information: ddzorgbo@ug.edu.gh College of Education
More informationUNIT 3: AUGUSTE COMTE
UNIT 3: AUGUSTE COMTE UNIT STRUCTURE 3.1 Learning Objectives 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Auguste Comte: The Founder of Sociology 3.4 Comte s Views on Sociology 3.4.1 Positivism 3.4.2 The Law of Three Stages 3.5
More information6 February Dr. Cindy Ausec
6 February 2014 Dr. Cindy Ausec Recognize his Major Works Comprehend his Major Contributions Course of Positive Philosophy Comprehend the two general goals of this work Define Positivism or Positive Philosophy
More informationKant & Transcendental Idealism
Kant & Transcendental Idealism HZT4U1 - Mr. Wittmann - Unit 3 - Lecture 4 Empiricists and rationalists alike are dupes of the same illusion. Both take partial notions for real parts. -Henri Bergson Enlightenment
More informationThe Human Science Debate: Positivist, Anti-Positivist, and Postpositivist Inquiry. By Rebecca Joy Norlander. November 20, 2007
The Human Science Debate: Positivist, Anti-Positivist, and Postpositivist Inquiry By Rebecca Joy Norlander November 20, 2007 2 What is knowledge and how is it acquired through the process of inquiry? Is
More informationSociology 475: Classical Sociological Theory. MWF 2:25-3:15, 6228 Social Science
Sociology 475: Classical Sociological Theory MWF 2:25-3:15, 6228 Social Science Contact Info Peter Hart-Brinson pbrinson@ssc.wisc.edu Office: 8107 Social Science Phone: 262-1933 Office Hours: Wednesday
More informationMANAGEMENT RESEARCH: A THOUGHT ON VALIDITY OF POSITIVISM
MANAGEMENT RESEARCH: A THOUGHT ON VALIDITY OF POSITIVISM CONTINUE ANDDISON EKETU, PhD Department of Management, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Eketuresearch@gmail.com Tel: +234 80372 40736 Abstract
More informationPHILOSOPHICAL RAMIFICATIONS: THEORY, EXPERIMENT, & EMPIRICAL TRUTH
PHILOSOPHICAL RAMIFICATIONS: THEORY, EXPERIMENT, & EMPIRICAL TRUTH PCES 3.42 Even before Newton published his revolutionary work, philosophers had already been trying to come to grips with the questions
More informationSociology 475 Classical Sociological Theory. Office: 8103 Social Science Bldng
Sociology 475 Classical Sociological Theory Bob Freeland Email: freeland@ssc.wisc.edu Office: 8103 Social Science Bldng Office hours: TR, 4-5 or by appt. This course is a basic introduction to the writings
More informationSociological Theory Sociology University of Chicago Graduate Class: Fall 2011 John Levi Martin. Tuesdays and Thursdays, 10:30 11:50, SS 404
1 Sociological Theory Sociology 30001 University of Chicago Graduate Class: Fall 2011 John Levi Martin Tuesdays and Thursdays, 10:30 11:50, SS 404 Course Description This is a required class in classical
More informationThe idea of a University. Professionalisation. Research: Theory, Method, Practice Lectures 3: Human and social sciences Stefan Arnborg, KTH
Research: Theory, Method, Practice Lectures 3: Human and social sciences Stefan Arnborg, KTH Modern Global University system: clever and delicate merge of enlightenment inspired French Grandes Ecoles and
More informationIntroduction to Deductive and Inductive Thinking 2017
Topic 1: READING AND INTERVENING by Ian Hawkins. Introductory i The Philosophy of Natural Science 1. CONCEPTS OF REALITY? 1.1 What? 1.2 How? 1.3 Why? 1.4 Understand various views. 4. Reality comprises
More information510: Theories and Perspectives - Classical Sociological Theory
Department of Sociology, Spring 2009 Instructor: Dan Lainer-Vos, lainer-vos@usc.edu; phone: 213-740-1082 Office Hours: Monday 11:00-13:00, 348E KAP Class: Tuesday 4:00-6:50pm, Sociology Room, KAP (third
More informationClass XI Practical Examination
SOCIOLOGY Rationale Sociology is introduced as an elective subject at the senior secondary stage. The syllabus is designed to help learners to reflect on what they hear and see in the course of everyday
More informationRS 200A: Proseminar in the History and Theory of Religion
1 RS 200A: Proseminar in the History and Theory of Religion Professor Ann Taves Fall 2011 taves@religion.ucsb.edu W 12:00-2:50 Office: HSSB 3085 HSSB 3041 Office Hours: Monday 1-3 and by appointment Purposes
More informationHISTORY OF SOCIAL THEORY I: Community & Religion
SOC 201H1F HISTORY OF SOCIAL THEORY I: Community & Religion Instructor: Matt Patterson Session: Summer 2012 Time: Location: Course Website: Mondays and Wednesdays from 6-8pm SS 2118 (Sidney Smith Hall),
More informationSociology 475: Classical Sociological Theory Spring 2012
Sociology 475: Classical Sociological Theory Spring 2012 Lectures: Tuesday and Thursday, 1:00-2:15pm Classroom: Sewell Social Sciences Building 6240 Course Website: https://learnuw.wisc.edu/ Instructor:
More informationTheology and Society in Three Cities: Berlin, Oxford and Chicago, (Cambridge: James Clarke & Co., 2014), by Mark D.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Theology and Society in Three Cities: Berlin, Oxford and Chicago, 1800 1914 (Cambridge: James Clarke & Co., 2014), by Mark D. Chapman Citation for published version: Purvis,
More informationInstitute of Social Sciences Regional Centre Puducherry. A Brief Report of the
Institute of Social Sciences Regional Centre Puducherry A Brief Report of the The First Lecture under Regional Centre Puducherry Distinguished Lecture Series By Dr. Sebastian Normandin Ashoka University
More informationMost people enjoy a story with a good plot, one with a strong beginning. Do not copy, post, or distribute. Beginning to See. A Sociological Core
CHAPTER 1 Beginning to See A Sociological Core The Making of Modernity and the Modern Way of Knowing Institutions of Modernity The Birth of Sociology: August Comte Comte s Positivism The Evolution of Knowledge
More informationContent Writer Ratan Kumar Roy Dept. of Sociology South Asian University, New Delhi
Description of the Module Items Subject Name Paper Name Module Name/Title Pre Requisites Objectives Key words Description of the Module Sociology Classical Sociological Theory Contrasting and Comparing
More informationKANT ON THE BEGINNINGS OF HUMAN HISTORY - CONJECTURES BY A SOCIOLOGIST by Richard Swedberg German Studies Colloquium on Immanuel Kant, Conjectures on
KANT ON THE BEGINNINGS OF HUMAN HISTORY - CONJECTURES BY A SOCIOLOGIST by Richard Swedberg German Studies Colloquium on Immanuel Kant, Conjectures on the Beginning of Human History, Cornell University,
More informationCharles Dickens Charles Dickens
Charles Dickens Over the course of his writing career, he wrote the beloved classic novels Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, Nicholas Nickleby,David Copperfield, A Tale of Two Cities and Great Expectations.
More informationAim of sociology: To find out why people behave as they do.
Positivists Interpretivism Main aim: Reliability, Representativeness and Generalisability Main aim: Validity Structuralists: Sees society has a set of institutions which shape : Sees society as created
More informationSOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought
SOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought Session 4 Emile Durkheim (1958-1917) Lecturer: Dr. Dan-Bright S. Dzorgbo, UG Contact Information: ddzorgbo@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing
More informationThe Craft of Sociology
The Craft of Sociology Epistemological Preliminaries Pierre Bourdieu Jean-Claude Chamboredon Jean-Claude Passeron Edited by Beate Krais Translated by Richard Nice W DE G Walter de Gruyter Berlin New York
More informationTHE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Methodological Approaches in a Study of Africa in International Politics Samson Brown Muchineripi Marume Senior Lecturer and Acting Chairperson,
More informationINTRODUCTION. THE FIRST TIME Tocqueville met with the English economist Nassau Senior has been recorded by Senior s daughter:
THE FIRST TIME Tocqueville met with the English economist Nassau Senior has been recorded by Senior s daughter: One day in the year 1833 a knock was heard at the door of the Chambers in which Mr. Senior
More informationSOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES I
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORIES I Sociology 510 Fall 2011 M 4:15-7:05pm, Humanities 114 Professor: Elizabeth Popp Berman Office: Arts & Sciences 346 Email: epberman@albany.edu Phone: (518) 442-4675 Office Hours:
More informationTHE STUDY OF UNKNOWN AND UNKNOWABILITY IN KANT S PHILOSOPHY
THE STUDY OF UNKNOWN AND UNKNOWABILITY IN KANT S PHILOSOPHY Subhankari Pati Research Scholar Pondicherry University, Pondicherry The present aim of this paper is to highlights the shortcomings in Kant
More informationPHILOSOPHY-PHIL (PHIL)
Philosophy-PHIL (PHIL) 1 PHILOSOPHY-PHIL (PHIL) Courses PHIL 100 Appreciation of Philosophy (GT-AH3) Credits: 3 (3-0-0) Basic issues in philosophy including theories of knowledge, metaphysics, ethics,
More informationChapter 15 Religion. Introduction to Sociology Spring 2010
Chapter 15 Religion Introduction to Sociology Spring 2010 Discuss the sociological approach to religion. Emile Durkheim was perhaps the 1 st sociologist to recognize the critical importance of religion
More informationWednesday, April 20, 16. Introduction to Philosophy
Introduction to Philosophy In your notebooks answer the following questions: 1. Why am I here? (in terms of being in this course) 2. Why am I here? (in terms of existence) 3. Explain what the unexamined
More informationHoong Juan Ru. St Joseph s Institution International. Candidate Number Date: April 25, Theory of Knowledge Essay
Hoong Juan Ru St Joseph s Institution International Candidate Number 003400-0001 Date: April 25, 2014 Theory of Knowledge Essay Word Count: 1,595 words (excluding references) In the production of knowledge,
More informationSOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought
SOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought Session 4 Emile Durkheim (1958-1917) Lecturer: Dr. Dan-Bright S. Dzorgbo, UG Contact Information: ddzorgbo@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing
More informationPOSITIVISM. Description of Modules
POSITIVISM Component-I (A) - Personal Details Role Name Affiliation Principal Investigator Prof. Masood Ahsan Siddiqui Department of Geography, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi Paper Coordinator, if any
More information* Muhammad Naguib s family name appears with different dictation on the cover of his books: Al-Attas.
ALATAS, Syed Farid Syed Farid Alatas (June 1961-) is a contemporary Malaysian sociologist and associate professor of sociology at the National University of Singapore. He is the son of Syed Hussein Alatas
More informationHeadlines... Changhwan Kim (UT-Austin) SOC302 Origin of Sociology Sep 9, / 17
Prologue Headlines... Headlines... Congress Passes $51.8B Katrina Relief Bill (AP) New Orleans Begins Confiscating Firearms as Water Recedes (NYT) FBI: Katrina donors beware: many of the Internet sites
More informationABSTRACT of the Habilitation Thesis
ABSTRACT of the Habilitation Thesis The focus on the problem of knowledge was in the very core of my researches even before my Ph.D thesis, therefore the investigation of Kant s philosophy in the process
More informationPhilosophy Courses-1
Philosophy Courses-1 PHL 100/Introduction to Philosophy A course that examines the fundamentals of philosophical argument, analysis and reasoning, as applied to a series of issues in logic, epistemology,
More informationPositivist Criminology: the search for a criminal type? Dan Ellingworth Understanding Criminology Friday, 24 October 2008
Positivist Criminology: the search for a criminal type? Dan Ellingworth Understanding Criminology Friday, 24 October 2008 Lecture Outline The debate with classical criminology The basis of a positivist
More informationAdlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description
Adlai E. Stevenson High School Course Description Division: Special Education Course Number: ISO121/ISO122 Course Title: Instructional World History Course Description: One year of World History is required
More informationPhilosophy Courses-1
Philosophy Courses-1 PHL 100/Introduction to Philosophy A course that examines the fundamentals of philosophical argument, analysis and reasoning, as applied to a series of issues in logic, epistemology,
More informationThursday, November 30, 17. Hegel s Idealism
Hegel s Idealism G. W. F. Hegel Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) was perhaps the last great philosophical system builder. His distinctively dynamic form of idealism set the stage for other
More informationSOCIAL SCIENCES: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL OVERVIEW OF METHODS AND GOALS
SOCIAL SCIENCES: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL OVERVIEW OF METHODS AND GOALS M. H. Salmon History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, USA Keywords: Causal explanation, compatibilism,
More informationTuesday, November 11, Hegel s Idealism
Hegel s Idealism G. W. F. Hegel Hegel Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831) was perhaps the last great philosophical system builder. His distinctively dynamic form of idealism set the stage for other
More informationPastoral Research Online
Pastoral Research Online Issue 26 September 2015 How demography affects Mass attendance (Part 2) In the August issue of Pastoral Research Online, we saw that the demography of the local Catholic population
More informationE D I T O R I A L WHAT IS HAPPENING TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE?
E D I T O R I A L WHAT IS HAPPENING TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE? Two centuries ago the French mathematician-astronomer Pierre Simon de Laplace developed the nebular hypothesis which proposed that the
More informationWhat is Dialectical Materialism?
What is Dialectical Materialism? There is an interesting aphorism from Taoism: That which is known is not the truth. This is an important observation. It is true because any description of reality is fixed
More informationQué es la filosofía? What is philosophy? Philosophy
Philosophy PHILOSOPHY AS A WAY OF THINKING WHAT IS IT? WHO HAS IT? WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A WAY OF THINKING AND A DISCIPLINE? It is the propensity to seek out answers to the questions that we ask
More informationFinal grades will be determined by 6 components: Midterm 20% Final 20% Problem Sets 20% Papers 20% Quizzes 10% Section 10%
course phil 610: Philosophy & Science, Spring 2018 instructors J. Dmitri Gallow ( : jdmitrigallow@pitt.edu) Adam Marushak ( : adshak@gmail.com) lecture times Tuesdays and Thursdays, 14:00 14:50 Room 324,
More informationConsciousness might be defined as the perceiver of mental phenomena. We might say that there are no differences between one perceiver and another, as
2. DO THE VALUES THAT ARE CALLED HUMAN RIGHTS HAVE INDEPENDENT AND UNIVERSAL VALIDITY, OR ARE THEY HISTORICALLY AND CULTURALLY RELATIVE HUMAN INVENTIONS? Human rights significantly influence the fundamental
More informationAspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Aspects of Western Philosophy Dr. Sreekumar Nellickappilly Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Module - 21 Lecture - 21 Kant Forms of sensibility Categories
More informationSOVIET RUSSIAN DIALECTICAL MA TERIALISM [DIAMAT]
SOVIET RUSSIAN DIALECTICAL MA TERIALISM [DIAMAT] J. M. BOCHENSKI SOVIET RUSSIAN DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM [DIAMAT] D. REIDEL PUBLISHING COMPANY DORDRECHT-HOLLAND Der Sowjet-Russische Dialektische Materialismus
More informationNew people and a new type of communication Lyudmila A. Markova, Russian Academy of Sciences
New people and a new type of communication Lyudmila A. Markova, Russian Academy of Sciences Steve Fuller considers the important topic of the origin of a new type of people. He calls them intellectuals,
More informationMaster of Arts Course Descriptions
Bible and Theology Master of Arts Course Descriptions BTH511 Dynamics of Kingdom Ministry (3 Credits) This course gives students a personal and Kingdom-oriented theology of ministry, demonstrating God
More informationPositive Philosophy, Freedom and Democracy. Roger Bishop Jones
Positive Philosophy, Freedom and Democracy Roger Bishop Jones Started: 3rd December 2011 Last Change Date: 2011/12/04 19:50:45 http://www.rbjones.com/rbjpub/www/books/ppfd/ppfdpam.pdf Id: pamtop.tex,v
More informationSOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Michaelmas 2018 Dr Michael Biggs. 0. Introduction. SociologicalAnalysis.shtml!
SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Michaelmas 2018 Dr Michael Biggs 0. Introduction http://users.ox.ac.uk/~sfos0060/ SociologicalAnalysis.shtml! We want to explain 1. Variation across cases why in UK do 3/4 of ethnic
More informationPositive Philosophy, Freedom and Democracy. Roger Bishop Jones
Positive Philosophy, Freedom and Democracy Roger Bishop Jones June 5, 2012 www.rbjones.com/rbjpub/www/books/ppfd/ppfdbook.pdf c Roger Bishop Jones; Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Metaphysical Positivism 3
More informationMY PURPOSE IN THIS BOOK IS TO PRESENT A
I Holistic Pragmatism and the Philosophy of Culture MY PURPOSE IN THIS BOOK IS TO PRESENT A philosophical discussion of the main elements of civilization or culture such as science, law, religion, politics,
More informationThe Philosophy of Consciousness Without an Object
The Philosophy of Consciousness Without an Object A Discussion of the Nature of Transcendental Consciousness by Franklin Merrell-Wolff Part 15 of 25 PART III Introceptualism CHAPTER 3 Naturalism Naturalism,
More informationTHE CHALLENGES FOR EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION 1. Steffen Ducheyne
Philosophica 76 (2005) pp. 5-10 THE CHALLENGES FOR EARLY MODERN PHILOSOPHY: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION 1 Steffen Ducheyne 1. Introduction to the Current Volume In the volume at hand, I have the honour of appearing
More informationSydenham College of Commerce & Economics. * Dr. Sunil S. Shete. * Associate Professor
Sydenham College of Commerce & Economics * Dr. Sunil S. Shete * Associate Professor Keywords: Philosophy of science, research methods, Logic, Business research Abstract This paper review Popper s epistemology
More informationDepartment of Philosophy
The University of Alabama at Birmingham 1 Department of Philosophy Chair: Dr. Gregory Pence The Department of Philosophy offers the Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in philosophy, as well as a minor
More informationMETHODENSTREIT WHY CARL MENGER WAS, AND IS, RIGHT
METHODENSTREIT WHY CARL MENGER WAS, AND IS, RIGHT BY THORSTEN POLLEIT* PRESENTED AT THE SPRING CONFERENCE RESEARCH ON MONEY IN THE ECONOMY (ROME) FRANKFURT, 20 MAY 2011 *FRANKFURT SCHOOL OF FINANCE & MANAGEMENT
More informationSOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought
SOCI 301/321 Foundations of Social Thought Session 6 Emile Durkheim (cont d) Lecturer: Dr. Dan-Bright S. Dzorgbo, UG Contact Information: ddzorgbo@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing and
More informationCreighton University, Oct. 13, 2016 Midwest Area Workshop on Metaphysics, Oct. 14, 2016
Social Ontology and Capital: or, The Fetishism of Commodities and the (Metaphysical) Secret Thereof Ruth Groff Creighton University, Oct. 13, 2016 Midwest Area Workshop on Metaphysics, Oct. 14, 2016 1.
More informationUniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Recension of The Doctoral Dissertation of Mr. Piotr Józef Kubasiak In response to the convocation of the Dean of the Faculty of Catholic Theology at the University of Vienna, I present my opinion on the
More informationsomeone who was willing to question even what seemed to be the most basic ideas in a
A skeptic is one who is willing to question any knowledge claim, asking for clarity in definition, consistency in logic and adequacy of evidence (adopted from Paul Kurtz, 1994). Evaluate this approach
More informationMASTER OF ARTS in Theology,
MASTER OF ARTS in Theology, Ministry and Mission 2017-2018 INSTITUTE FOR ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN STUDIES formally APPROVED and blessed BY the Pan-Orthodox Episcopal Assembly for great britain and Ireland ALSO
More informationReligion & Religious Institutions. December 19 th, 2016
Religion & Religious Institutions December 19 th, 2016 Sociology on Religion Not about studying God or Gods or the existence of God that s theology or philosophy It s about studying people, patterns of
More informationDescartes to Early Psychology. Phil 255
Descartes to Early Psychology Phil 255 Descartes World View Rationalism: the view that a priori considerations could lay the foundations for human knowledge. (i.e. Think hard enough and you will be lead
More informationWilhelm Dilthey and Rudolf Carnap on the Foundation of the Humanities. Christian Damböck Institute Vienna Circle University of Vienna
Wilhelm Dilthey and Rudolf Carnap on the Foundation of the Humanities Christian Damböck Institute Vienna Circle University of Vienna This talk is part of an ongoing research project on Wilhelm Dilthey
More informationKarl Marx: Humanity, Alienation, Capitalism
Karl Marx: Humanity, Alienation, Capitalism Andrew J. Perrin SOCI 250 September 17, 2013 Andrew J. Perrin SOCI 250 Karl Marx: Humanity, Alienation, Capitalism September 17, 2013 1 / 21 Karl Marx 1818 1883
More informationGROUP A WESTERN PHILOSOPHY (40 marks)
GROUP A WESTERN PHILOSOPHY (40 marks) Chapter 1 CONCEPT OF PHILOSOPHY (4 marks allotted) MCQ 1X2 = 2 SAQ -- 1X2 = 2 (a) Nature of Philosophy: The word Philosophy is originated from two Greek words Philos
More informationFIL 4600/10/20: KANT S CRITIQUE AND CRITICAL METAPHYSICS
FIL 4600/10/20: KANT S CRITIQUE AND CRITICAL METAPHYSICS Autumn 2012, University of Oslo Thursdays, 14 16, Georg Morgenstiernes hus 219, Blindern Toni Kannisto t.t.kannisto@ifikk.uio.no SHORT PLAN 1 23/8:
More informationCourses providing assessment data PHL 202. Semester/Year
1 Department/Program 2012-2016 Assessment Plan Department: Philosophy Directions: For each department/program student learning outcome, the department will provide an assessment plan, giving detailed information
More informationE L O G O S ELECTRONIC JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY/2008 ISSN Tracks in the Woods. F.A. Hayek s Philosophy of History.
E L O G O S ELECTRONIC JOURNAL FOR PHILOSOPHY/2008 ISSN 1211-0442 Tracks in the Woods F.A. Hayek s Philosophy of History By: Graham Baker In the following pages I should like to expound what I take to
More informationStudy on the Essence of Marx s Political Philosophy in the View of Materialism
Higher Education of Social Science Vol. 8, No. 6, 2015, pp. 20-25 DOI: 10.3968/7118 ISSN 1927-0232 [Print] ISSN 1927-0240 [Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org Study on the Essence of Marx s Political
More informationFICTIONS, MODELS, THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS. Julian Reiss
FICTIONS, MODELS, THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS Julian Reiss T H O U G H T E X P E R I M E N T S I N H I S T O RY Julian Reiss OVERVIEW This paper will consider what-if fictions ( whiffs ) in history as test case
More informationWhat intellectual developments led to the emergence of the Enlightenment? In what type of social environment did the philosophes thrive, and what
The Enlightenment Focus Questions: What intellectual developments led to the emergence of the Enlightenment? In what type of social environment did the philosophes thrive, and what role did women play
More informationTuesday, September 2, Idealism
Idealism Enlightenment Puzzle How do these fit into a scientific picture of the world? Norms Necessity Universality Mind Idealism The dominant 19th-century response: often today called anti-realism Everything
More informationTempleton Fellowships at the NDIAS
Templeton Fellowships at the NDIAS Pursuing the Unity of Knowledge: Integrating Religion, Science, and the Academic Disciplines With grant support from the John Templeton Foundation, the NDIAS will help
More informationProgramme Year Semester Course title
History B History I 1 Ancient History of Romania (I) I 1 Ancient History of Romania (II) I 1 Ancient History 8 I 1 General Pre-history and Archaeology I 1 Introduction to History and Auxilary Sciences
More informationIntroduction to Philosophy
1 Introduction to Philosophy What is Philosophy? It has many different meanings. In everyday life, to have a philosophy means much the same as having a specified set of attitudes, objectives or values
More informationThe linguistic-cultural nature of scientific truth 1
The linguistic-cultural nature of scientific truth 1 Damián Islas Mondragón Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango México Abstract While we typically think of culture as defined by geography or ethnicity
More informationB.A. in Religion, Philosophy and Ethics (4-year Curriculum) Course List and Study Plan
Updated on 23 June 2017 B.A. in Religion, Philosophy and Ethics (4-year Curriculum) Course List and Study Plan Study Scheme Religion, Philosophy and Ethics Major Courses - Major Core Courses - Major Elective
More informationIDHEF Chapter 2 Why Should Anyone Believe Anything At All?
IDHEF Chapter 2 Why Should Anyone Believe Anything At All? -You might have heard someone say, It doesn t really matter what you believe, as long as you believe something. While many people think this is
More information145 Philosophy of Science
Logical empiricism Christian Wüthrich http://philosophy.ucsd.edu/faculty/wuthrich/ 145 Philosophy of Science Vienna Circle (Ernst Mach Society) Hans Hahn, Otto Neurath, and Philipp Frank regularly meet
More informationLecture 18: Rationalism
Lecture 18: Rationalism I. INTRODUCTION A. Introduction Descartes notion of innate ideas is consistent with rationalism Rationalism is a view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification.
More informationA History of Western Thought Why We Think the Way We Do. Summer 2016 Ross Arnold
A History of Western Thought Why We Think the Way We Do Summer 2016 Ross Arnold A History of Western Thought Why We Think the Way We Do Videos of lectures available at: www.litchapala.org under 8-Week
More informationINDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE
INDUCTIVE AND DEDUCTIVE Péter Érdi Henry R. Luce Professor Center for Complex Systems Studies Kalamazoo College, Michigan and Dept. Biophysics KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics of
More informationSYSTEMATIC RESEARCH IN PHILOSOPHY. Contents
UNIT 1 SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH IN PHILOSOPHY Contents 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Research in Philosophy 1.3 Philosophical Method 1.4 Tools of Research 1.5 Choosing a Topic 1.1 INTRODUCTION Everyone who seeks knowledge
More informationMethods of Enquiry Glossary
Methods of Enquiry Glossary This glossary is a basic introduction to some of the words we commonly use in Methods of Enquiry (MoE) as we mean them in this module. You might find them used in different
More informationA Brief History of Thinking about Thinking Thomas Lombardo
A Brief History of Thinking about Thinking Thomas Lombardo "Education is nothing more nor less than learning to think." Peter Facione In this article I review the historical evolution of principles and
More informationHe believes that religion and its ethics leave a deep dimensions of the society.
Religion Max Weber Max Weber s theory of religion is one of the most important works he carried out in his life time. There are two reasons for this: First, he tries to understand religion in terms of
More informationPascal's Pensées By Blaise Pascal
Pascal's Pensées By Blaise Pascal Pens es - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - Categories: Unfinished books; Works by Blaise Pascal; Philosophy of religion literature; Criticism of atheism; Modern philosophical
More informationPHILOSOPHIES OF SCIENTIFIC TESTING
PHILOSOPHIES OF SCIENTIFIC TESTING By John Bloore Internet Encyclopdia of Philosophy, written by John Wttersten, http://www.iep.utm.edu/cr-ratio/#h7 Carl Gustav Hempel (1905 1997) Known for Deductive-Nomological
More information