I I I Marlborough I

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FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's number USGS Quad Form Number 80 Boylston Street I 81-183 I I I E 160 Town Marlborollgh Place (neighborhood or village) _ MOllot pleasant Hill Address 62 South Street

1 FORM B - BUILDING Assessor's number USGS Quad Form Number 80 Boylston Street I I I I E 160 Town Marlborollgh Place (neighborhood or village) _ MOllot pleasant Hill Address 62 South Street Historic Name 1110mas Gately House Uses: Present Th,velling Original Dwelling Date of Construction fa ) 880 Source Maps: style Style/Form vernacular Italianate Architect/Builder IID.. k"""d~o..u\'-'-vn""'-- _ Exterior Material: oketch Map Draw a map of the area indicating properties within it. Number each property for which individual inventory forms have been completed. Label streets, including rowe numbers, if any. Attach a separate sheet if space is not sufficient here. Indicate north. Foundation not vjsible Wall/Trim wood clapboard Roof asphalt shjn~le Outbuildings/Secondary Structures _ hip-roofed gara~e ~ U \ I N Major Alterations (with dates).. _ none (see pa~e 1) Condition excejient Moved [X] no ] yes Date NIA Acreage Jess th an one acre Pecorded by Anne Forbe, urganization for Marlboro Hi,t Comm Date 811 "/94 Setting On east side of SOllth St : low hed~e across front On,treet of 1860's-1910's wood-frame houses \Vard Park to rear

2 BUILDING FORM ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION [J see continuation sheet Describe architectural features. Evaluate the characteristics of this building in terms of other buildings within the community. The Gately house is the best-preserved example on Mount Pleasant Hill of one of the most common Victorian house-types built in in the 1870's-1880's--the 2 1I2-story "upright-and-wing" bouse. It retains all tbe features most typical of this form, including a three-bay, side-hall entry facade, a second entry on the wing, two tall brick chimneys (one on the main house, one on the side wing), 2-over-2-sash windows with molded surrounds, a molded, boxed cornice, and narrow cornerboards. The main entry here has a large double-leaf, glass-and-panel door with large lights. 1 The wraparound porch on turned posts, with sawcut, pierced brackets was probably added some.:/ years after the house was built, as was the shed-roofed double dormer window on the south roof slope. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [] see continuation sheet,) Explain history of the building. Explain its associations with local (or state) history. Include uses of the building, and the role(s) the owners/occupants played within the community. In many respects, 62 South Street exemplifies the majority of the late-nineteenth-century population of Mount Pleasant Hill, where people were primarily of Irish birth or descent, and tended to work in the local shoe factories. It was built for shoeworker Thomas Gately. He was apparently of Irish heritage, and is listed as a "last-puller" in directories of the 1880's. He owned this lot for some time before the house was built, during which time he apparently lived elsewhere on South Street. He had served in the Civil War, in Co. F..of the First Massachuetts Cavalry. Houses of this size usually were home to large families, and the Gately house was no exception. In 1897, for instance, six adult members of the family lived here, Thomas, Cornelius (also a shoeworker), Catherine, Margaret, and Nellie. BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES [J see continuation sheet Bigelow. Maps and Atlases: Directories: 1869, 1887, [ ) Recommended for listinz in the National Register of Historic Places. If checked, a completed National Register Criteria Statement fo,.;n is attached.

$FORMA -AREA Assessor's Sheets USGS Quad Area Letter Form Numbers in Area 80 Boylston Street.LI.. 1-' '") n 1\ r: 1..1 -) 'S>~l<'X v-, '\(.'foitt. \ """::::> \..:>G~u \'~'.~\ '\\., ~. '\ \ \\ \. ~. \. \ \.. j.$

3 FORMA -AREA Assessor's Sheets USGS Quad Area Letter Form Numbers in Area 80 Boylston Street.LI.. 1-' '") n 1\ r: ) 'S>~l<'X v-, '\(.'foitt. \ """::::> \..:>G~u \'~'.~\ '\\., ~. '\ \ \\ \. ~. \. \ \.. j.', ' \ '!l " 181, 92, 93 I I I 1 Marlborou : hborhood or village) h rea South, West, Beach residential ron Dates or Period mid-18tlj- to mid-20th century Major Intrusions and Alterations seve Till modern houses on lower South St; many cbadges in doors, windows, siding, etc ca 25 acres Anne forbes, codsultant Historical Comm. Date (month/day/year) ') included*: Beach Street: South Street: West Street #113 to end #107 to 323, inclusive SEE ATTACHED SHEET *unless otherwise noted, includes entire street Follow Survey Manual instructions for completing this form

AREA FORM ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION [X] see continuation sheet Describe architectural, structural and landscape features and evaluate in terms of other areas within the community. A ca.

4 AREA FORM ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION [X] see continuation sheet Describe architectural, structural and landscape features and evaluate in terms of other areas within the community. A ca. 25-acre corridor along lower Beach and South, incorporating the short side street, West Street, is one of the more consistent neighborhoods in. Since most of its modest, vernacular houses were built within the quarter century between 1850 and 1875, the predominant building type here is the simple, wood-frame gable-end house, 2- or 2 1I2-stOlies high, usually with at least one ell, a side-hall entry on the facade, and, where details survive, a hint of Greek Revival or Italianate styling. Nearly all the houses stand close to the road. On Beach Street they are clustered very close together, creating the feeling of a tiny, independent village; on West Street and the upper section of South Street they are spaced slightly farther apart. The earliest houses, located at the south end of the area on South Street, are of a different type. Here there is a small group of eighteenth- to mid-nineteenth-century side-gabled farmhouses. The oldest is the Uriah Brigham House at 320 South Street. Although by some accounts it may date to the early eighteenth century, (see below), it has the high-shouldered proportions of a typical 2 V2-story, five-bay house of the Federal period. A historic sketch (Bigelow 238) shows that it had a pair of ridge or rear chimneys, reinforcing an argument for a construction or enlargement date in the latter part of the eighteenth century. Much altered today, the outline of its wide Federal-style center entry is still evident. (Cont.) HISTORICAL NARRATIVE [X] see coruinuation sheet Explain historical development of the area. Discuss how this area relates to the historical development of the community. v j I' \, The area south and southeast of Mount Pleasant and Fairmount Hills, stretching halfway down the older section of South Street, was an open agricultural district until the middle of the nineteenth century. It was quickly built up with modest vernacular houses in the third quarter of the century, however, and by the end of the Civil War it was the most significant Irish-American residential neighborhood outside the center of. From at least 1730 to the beginning of the nineteenth century, the line of Beach to lower South Street was the main route southeast out of from the Williams Tavern, situated at the point on the main east-west route, the Boston Post Road, where it veered north around Lake Williams. In the early 1800's, the meadows, woods, and farmland along Beach and South was still owned by descendants of some of the large early land-holders. In 1803 the farm of Ephraim Brigham, for instance, stretched south from Clover Hill Street along both sides of Beach Street. Only one house was located on South Street at that time--the homestead then belonging jointly to John Gott Brigham and his mother, Sarah (Gott) Brigham, widow of Uriah Brigham, at #320. (She was the sister of Ann Gott Brigham, wife of Samuel Brigham, who before his death in 1756 probably owned 303 Brigham Street, which may have been the adjoining farm-see Form #34). (Cont.) ;' ( ) BIBLIOGRAPHY and/or REFERENCES [X] see continuation sheet Maps, birdseye views, and atlases: 1803, 1830, 1835, 1853, , 1871, 1875, Bigelow, Ella. Historic Reminiscences of Hudson. History of the Town of directories and tax valuations. Historical Society files. McCarthy, Claudia D. "Our Immaculate Conception Palish" [ ] Recommended as a National Register District. If checked, you must attach a completed National Register Criteria Statement form.

IIWENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET ') Boylston Street rloston, Massachusetts 02116 Community Property ARCIDTECfURAL DESCRIPTION, cont. Much better-preserved is the A.

5 IIWENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET ') Boylston Street rloston, Massachusetts Community Property ARCIDTECfURAL DESCRIPTION, cont. Much better-preserved is the A. Brigham House across the street at 279 South Street. One of several four-bay, 2 1/2-story, two-room-deep houses in, it probably dates to about Another side-gabled, two-room-deep house, now much altered, is a five-bay structure at #259 South Street; it may date to the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Of the many 1850's-1870's gable-ends in the neighborhood, virtually all of which are altered, among the best-preserved is the tiny house at 28 West Street, which has an echinus-molded cornice, and retains its clapboard siding and 2-over-2-sash windows. Among the other house-types represented here are several 1 1/2- and 2-story side-gabled houses. The best-known is the 2-story "Arcade" at 131 South Street. Although it has been altered by window and siding changes, it retains its original form, its unique asymmetrical facade arrangement, and one rearwall chimney. Four 1 1/2-story, three-bay side-gabled houses are located on the north side of West Street. The most intact is #15, which retains its wood clapboards, tiny off-center ridge chimney, and rear ell. The neighborhood also has several hip-roofed houses, most of which were built somewhat later than the others. Three South Street farmhouses, #s 251, 262, and 280 are of this type. The best-preserved is evidently the latest, at #280, a large 6-bay house with 2-over-2-sash windows and a rubble foundation at was built in South and 27, 132, 137, and 187 Beach Street are also hip-roofed. 160 _..nrth, 127, 187 and 137 Beach, which has a five-bay, asymmetrical facade, are two stories; 132 Beach Street is an unusual 3-story house. Beach Street even has several hip-roofed early-twentieth-century outbuildings. The best-preserved is the little shingled building standing close to the road beside #157. At Pi ave Square, the intersection of South, Beach, and Liberty, is the largest of several monuments built by 's neighborhoods to honor its World War I soldiers. Built in 1922, it is a polished gray granite, 3-tiered square-sectioned memorial with a brown granite, pyramidal top and a concrete base. HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. Uriah Brigham (not Josiah, as Ella Bigelow claims,) was born in 1727, and according to Hudson "lived in the south part of in the style of the English gentry... and showed a hospitality without measure or stint." (Hudson 337). He and Samuel were the sons of Samuel Brigham II (1689-after 1747), and the land for both farms may at one point have been owned by their father. This is probably the source of the disagreement among the historians (Ella Bigelow and Cyrus Felton) as to whether this house or 303 Brigham Street might have been the "Samuel Brigham garrison house" in the Indian conflict of John Gott Brigham died in 1816, and his widow subsequently married Dr. George Howe. They lived at 320 South Street for several years, but by 1830 the property had been acquired by farmer Israel Panninter. Only one other house had been built in the area by that time, the "A. Brigham" house at 279 South Street. The latter was undoubtedly a farm that had been parceled out of other Brigham land ~. another Brigham family member. (Cont.)

6 " INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property 80 Boylston Street HISTORICAL NARRATIVE, cont. The primary period of growth for this area, considerably earlier than for most other neighborhoods in, was the decades of the 1850's and 1860's. Its beginning coincided with the first major wave of Irish immigration to, when Irish-born workers came to find employment in the early shoe factories. Perhaps because they came from a farming background themselves, many Irish families settled in this rural part of town, rather than nearer the factories at the town center. Some established small farms of their own here, and others clustered in the tiny village that seems to have sprouted all at once on lower Beach Street around the time of the Civil War. The very first families occupied rental t'tenernents" put up by landlords such as the members of the Bigelow, Temple, and Stow families that owned four or five buildings on South Street in the 1850's. The best known Irish "tenement" is the building at 131 South Street known as "the Arcade", where the founders of at least three prominent Irish-American families first lived--michael Burke, Bernard Brewin, and Walter Wall. It was in the Arcade that the first Catholic Mass in was said in 1850, and, as the town's Catholic population grew beyond the initial two dozen or so, services were held outdoors, in front of the house. It may have been the presence of so many Irish families in this small area that led to the choice of a site just to the north, on Mt. Pleasant Hill off upper South Street (which had been extended to Pleasant in about 1850,) for the first Catholic Church in in (See Area Form E and Form #98--Immaculate Conception Church). By 1871 there were twenty houses standing on Beach Street, and thirteen on South Street between Mt. Pleasant Street and #233. The names of the owners were virtually all Irish, and included Burkes, Flynns, McGees, Connors, Lynches, Raffertys, and several Martins and Giblins. The population increase, both here and, to a lesser degree on Mt. Pleasant Street and the north part of South, led the town to build a two-story school building on the east side of South Street. (The school may still stand today as #122 South Street, radically altered to a two-story duplex in the early part of this century.) West Street, which was laid out in from South Street to the earliest section of the Immaculate Conception Cemetery (see Form #807), filled quickly with houses; eight of the nine here had been built by By that time, even the more sizeable properties, the farms along lower South Street, belonged to farmers with Irish surnames (McGees at #s 251 and 259, and McCarty at #250). The exceptions were the two oldest farmhouses. #279 was owned by D. Hayden, and #320 had been acquired by its longtime owner of the late nineteenth century, Israel Parminter's widow's second husband, Jabez Huntington. By 1875 the development of the area was virtually complete. Around the tum of the century, however, the ethnic composition of the neighborhood changed, as 's Irish-American population spread out through the community, and many of their places here were taken by a new group of immigrants from Italy. Many of 's Italian-Americans also came from farming background, and they and their descendants operated several of the South Street farms well into the twentieth century. The change in ethnic origins is nowhere more evident than in the World War I monument at Piave Square, (the intersection of Beach, South, and Liberty ), which was erected in 1922 "by the Italian-speaking people of in honor of their young men who served in the World War with the U.S. or the Italian Armies." The monument contains the names of 76 men, many of them from this neighborhood. The buildings discussed above and listed on the Area Data Sheet represent some of the most historically or architecturally significant resources in the area. There are several more historic properties located in the area, however. See Area Sketch Map for their locations.

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8 INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property 80 Boylston Street AREA DATA SHEET NOTE: Although the inventory includes the entire area outlined on the Area Sketch Map, onlyresources which are mentioned in text of the Area Form have been given inventory numbers and are listed on the Area Data Sheet. As a rule, these represent the most historicailyor architecturallysignificant resources in the area. There are more historic properties located within the area, however. (See Area Sketch Map for their locations.) MHC# Parcel # Street Address Historic Name Date Style/type Beach Street ca hip-roofed house Beach Street ca hip-roofed house Beach Street ca hip-roofed house at 157 Beach Street ca hip-roofed outbuilding Beach Street ca hip-roofed house South Street South Street School (?) 1850's Astylistic South Street "The Arcade" ca Astylistic South Street ca stoty, hip-roofed double-house pl South Street McCarthy House ca Greco- Italian ate South Street O. McGee House ca. 1860's Greco- Italiana te South Street T. McGee House late 19th C. side-gabled, 2-story house South Street late 19th C. hip-roofed, 2-story house South Street A. Brigham House ca. 1820's Federal vernac South Street 1914 Colonial Revival, hip-roofed (continued)

9 INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property J Boylston Street AREA DATA SHEET, cont. MHC# Parcel # Street Address Historic Name Date Style/type A 320 South Street Uriah/John G. Brigham Hse. second half Federal 18th C South Street Piave Monument 1922 granite memorial West Street West Street ca. 1860's gable-and-ell

10 INVENTORY FORM CONTINUATION SHEET Community Property 80 Boylston Street

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a a o Ye o s a Other features 2t Story ell at rear Approximate distance of building from street OT o 6' (J~

a a o Ye o s a Other features 2t Story ell at rear Approximate distance of building from street OT o 6' (J~ FORM B - BUILDING In Area no. Form no. :MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL COMMISSION Office of the secretary, State House, Boston I rn Marlborough ress 615 Berlin Road le Eber Howe Homestead sent use Residence