Kosher and Halal. حلال and כשר. Kosher and Halal. Barry Brakenhoff. MVO Course Food & Feed Safety of Vegetable Oils and Fats

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1 Kosher and Halal حلال and כשר Kosher and Halal Barry Brakenhoff MVO Course Food & Feed Safety of Vegetable Oils and Fats 1

2 Goal To give a better understanding of what kosher and halal food regulations are all about To give a better understanding of what implications are

3 What do the Words Themselves Mean? Kosher = Fit or Proper Treyf = Not Kosher For jewish people Halal = Lawful Haram = Prohibited For muslims What makes a product kosher or halal is to whether it follows the religious rules required for food production. Being certified does not mean it is blessed food

4 Agenda Major Religions around the world Kosher & halal logo Food laws vs Way of life MEAT DAIRY ALCOHOL How do kosher and halal influences us? EQUIPMENT PROCESSING AIDS & ADDITIVES TRANSPORT Summary

5 Major Religions of the World a brief introduction

6

7 Religions in numbers Christianity: 1.9 billion Islam: 1.1 billion Hinduism: 800 million Buddhism: 325 million Judaism: 13 million Muslims 20% Chrisitanity 32% Judaism 1% other 3% Sikhism 1% Nonreligios 15% Hiduism 13% Chinese traditional 5% Buddhism 5% Primalindigenous 5%

8 Kosher and Halal Logo

9 Kosher logo No specific logo standard kosher = Kosher Parev ( Pareve) Meat and Dairy There a only 2 major kosher logo s to identify a kosher product contains Milk and Meat Kosher dairy comes with the letter D Kosher meat comes with the word MEAT Reason: Meat and Dairy never mix ( Exodus 23:19) 19 The choicest first-fruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in its mother's milk.

10 Kosher logo - True or False This is the logo for kosher Parev/Pareve

11 Kosher logo - True or False This is the logo for kosher Passover Prohibited grains at Passover No products coming from wheat, rye, barley, spelt, or oats soyabeans, rapeseeds & sunseeds are kitniyot*. * Literally "small things," such as other grains and legumes

12 Halal logo Halal does not differentiate on meat nor dairy حلال Logo always contains the word the word HALAL or

13 Kosher and Halal Food Regulations

14 Religious Foods laws Main points (Allowed) animals blood Alcohol mixing milk and meat Certified food are marked with a logo

15 Meat Dairy Alcohol

16 Religious Foods laws MEAT Consume/process allowed animals Products derived from religious slaughtered animals are also kosher or halal Due to requirements of religious slaughtering meat can NEVER be kosher & halal

17 MEAT TYPE TALLOW Only If it comes from kosher certified or halal certified sources (animals are slaughtered according to religious guidelines). If you can not guarantee it. Avoid it FISH OIL Yes,..If it is from scaled fish So no Eel, Tuna, swordfish, Marlin, Catfish,. LARD Under no condition Lard can be kosher nor Halal

18 Religious Foods laws DAIRY Earlier it was said that products derived from religious slaughtered animals are also kosher or halal Milk, Butter, Butterfat, milk powders can be kosher or halal as long as they are from controlled halal/kosher sources Logo wise Halal does not differentiate. Kosher Dairy comes with the letter D (Kosher Chalev)

19 Religious Foods laws DAIRY Customer produces kosher dairy products (spraydried milk powders) Request comes in to deliver the oil Kosher Chalav (kosher milk status) Can that be done?

20 Religious Foods laws DAIRY Customer produces kosher dairy products (spraydried milk powders) Request comes in to deliver the oil Kosher Chalav (kosher milk status) Can that be done? No. Oil and Fat can never be kosher chalav, as they are not dairy ingredients Oils and Fats are certified as Kosher Parev (Kosher Neutral) so this will not effect the kosher status of the line and equipment, nor the product

21 Religious Foods laws Alcohol Grape products (restriction against product of idolatry). Wine was commonly used in the rituals of all ancient religions. For this reason, use of wines and other grape products made by non-jews was prohibited Muslims will not consume alcohol at all Whole grapes are not a problem, nor are whole grapes in fruit cocktail. Considered as fruit

22 Religious Foods laws Alcohol Wine Kosher?

23 Religious Foods laws Alcohol Wine Kosher Yes, but. Kosher wine (Hebrew:, כשר yayinיין kashér) is grape wine produced according to Judaism's religious law, specifically, the Jewish dietary laws (kashrut) regarding wine

24 Religious Foods laws Alcohol Wine Halal?

25 Religious Foods laws Alcohol Wine Halal? NO Sep 2nd, 2009 Nymegen, Netherlands THE DUTCH ENTREPRENEUR TANER TABAK HAS MANAGED TO PRODUCE A 100% HALAL WINE. HIS KEVSER HELAL WINE HAS BEEN AWARDED THE HALAL QUALITY CONTROL (HQC) CERTIFICATE. THIS IMPLIES THAT THERE IS ZERO PERCENT ALCOHOL IN IT FAITHFUL MUSLIMS CAN NOT DRINK ALCOHOL, THOUGH NOT EVERY BELIEVER FOLLOWS THIS RULE Read more:

26 Religious Food Laws - Summary In general best option to avoid Animal fats avoid Marine oils avoid Alcohol But also e.g. Redwine vinegar, grapejuice (grape derivatives) avoid Dairy products avoid Chocolate compounds (may contain e.g milkpowders) And if something goes wrong talk to and inform them without restriction. So they can make a good judgment. There is often more possible than you think

27 Religious Food Laws - Summary Avoid Blood Avoid Carion (derivatives of dead animals) Avoid Alcohol But also e.g. Redwine vinegar, grapejuice (grape derivatives) Avoid Dairy products Avoid Chocolate compounds (may contain e.g milkpowders) And if something goes wrong talk to and inform them without restriction. So they can make a good judgment. There is often more possible than you think

28 What if no kosher nor halal is available? If one is forced because there is no other choice, neither craving nor transgressing, there is no sin on him. Surah 2:173 We have agreed in the case of saving a soul he may be given to eat even unclean things, until his eyes are lightened from death".talmud, for instance B. Yoma 83a

29 How do kosher and halal influence us?

30 Religious Foods laws vs Equipment Utensils (pots, pans, plates, etc.) must be religious clean in order to prepare a meal A utensil picks up the kosher/halal status of the food. Forbidden foods thus changes to status of your utensil to non-religious Additional for kosher Kosher status can be transmitted from the food to the utensil or from the utensil to the food only in the presence of heat, thus if you are eating cold food in a non-kosher establishment, the condition of the plates is not an issue If you are going to use a dishwasher in a kosher home, you either need to have separate dish racks or you need to run the dishwasher in between meat and dairy loads Same principle that applies to utensils, dishwasher etc, applies in our daily practice to pumps, pipes, tanks, trucks, flexible hoses,...

31 Religious Foods laws vs Proc. Aids & Add Citric acid is bought from Kosher certified supplier. Primarily it is bought from certified supplier A Someday company X switches from bulk to packed ( IBCs). Although it is the same product Kosher status is at stake Packer was not acceptable to Rabbinate as this company (re)packs citric acid from various uncontrolled sources Kosher Certified Producer of Citric Acid kosher YOU No Certified Producer of Citric Acid (Re)Packer Not kosher

32 Religious Foods laws Wrong Transport Seagoing vessels stows 5 compartments of which 1 with Tallow olein, 4 with CPO Ship has combined boiler system Compartments share metal wall construction heater Comp 1 Comp. 2 Comp. 3 Comp.4 Comp. 5 Small leakage in wall construction or heating system might contaminate CPO compartments

33 Heating system

34 Religious Foods laws Right Transport No shared boiler systems Compartments do not share metal wall construction. heater Comp 1 Comp. 2 Comp. 3 Comp.4 Comp. 5 heater heater Avoid contamination at any stage. Transport/ storage/ production/ transport.

35 Religious Foods laws Right Transport Use Kosher trucks if possible Else trucks were 3 previous cargoes are Kosher neutral no animal no dairy no alcohol no chocolate compounds For Halal no hard requirements regarding transport. Advise to follow kosher rules.

36 Truck Kosherization Simplified Cold products: Simple washing, drain, dry Hot products (>50 C): Normal cleaning, 24 hr idle time, flood with boiling water, drain, dry For Halal no hard requirements regarding transport. Advise to follow kosher rules

37 Summary Avoid Contamination in supply chain, storage, process and transport Transport Dedicated trucks or Paper give up of 3 previous cargoes Storage Mind tank status when external storage Process Mind status of processing aids and additives

38 Kosher and Halal Questions?