CULTURE AND NATIONALISM.

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1 05 CULTURE AND NATIONALISM

5 Unity in Diversity

6 Caste Nationalism Creed Freedom Movement Sense of Unity among the People of a Country without Region Religion

7 2 Types of Protests Against Indian Inequality Violation of Rights Social Evils Against British Economic Exploitation

8 Social Life Art National Unity Press Literature Education

9 British Understood that study about India was Essential. So Learned Indian Society Translated Sanskrit Works Established Institutions To Study about India To Interfere Indian Education To Train their Officers

10 William Jones Asiatic Society of Bengal

11 Warren Hastings

12 Banaras Sanskrit College Jonathan Duncan

14 Activity 1 Complete the Following Table Institution Asiatic Society of Bengal Calcutta Madrasah Founder Jonathan Duncan

15 English Education in India To Ensure Commercial Growth Intervention in Indian Society To get Popular Support Introduced in 1835

16 Impact of English Education in India Resistance of Cultural Invasion Adopted Concepts like Democracy, Liberty, Rationalism, Equality. Attempted to Reform the Social Customs and Rituals Tried to Reform the Society, Language, Art, Literature Against Inequality & Violation of Rights Sense of Unity

17 What Led the Emergence of Social Reform Movements in India? Liberal Outlook Modernization Rationalism Equal Civil Rights to Education Travel Dress Code Objectives Eradicate Evils & Superstitions

18 Indian Society Needs Fundamental Changes Eradicate Cast System Protect the Rights of All Eliminate Discrimination on Women Provide Education to All Promote Widow Remarriage Abolish Child Marriage Eliminate Supremacy of the Clergy

20 Raja Rammohun Roy Brahma Samaj Worked for the Modernisation of India Opposed Caste System, Sati & Social Evils Unified Indian Society Idea of Patriotism Women to Own Property

21 Sati

22 Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar Widow Remarriage Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856) by British Educational Institutions for Women

23 Pandita Ramabai Educational Institution for Women Sarada Sadan Ramabai at Sharada Sadan Ramabai and European Workers

24 Swami Dayanand Saraswati Arya Samaj Against Child Marriage & Idol Worship Arya Samaj Workers Inmates

25 Child Marriage Polygamy

26 Swami Vivekananda Ramakrishna Mission Opposed Caste System Social Evils Supported Liberty Equality Freedom of Thought

one of the greatest saints of modern India.

He had no formal education but his discourses

27 one of the greatest saints of modern India. He was born in Bengal. Sri Ramakrishna Paramhamsa He showed a religious bent of mind from his childhood. He had no formal education but his discourses were full of wisdom. He was the chief priest of the Kali temple at Dakshineswar near Calcutta.

28 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan Aligarh Movement Social & Educational Uplift of Indian Muslims

29 Atmaram Pandurang Prarthana Samaj Inter Dining Inter Caste Marriage Widow Remarriage Uplift of Women & Backward Classes

30 Annie Besant Theosophical Society Renaissance of Hindu Religion

Viresalingam Hitakarini Samaj Widow Remarriage Women Education Kandukuri Veeresalingam was born on 16 April 1848. He was a social reformer who first brought about a renaissance in.

32 Viresalingam Hitakarini Samaj Widow Remarriage Women Education Kandukuri Veeresalingam was born on 16 April He was a social reformer who first brought about a renaissance in.he was influenced by the ideals of Brahmo Samaj. In 1876 he started au journal and wrote the first prose for women. He encouraged education for women, and started a school in Dowlaishwaram in He started a social organisation called Hitakarini (Benefactor). He died on 27 May 1919.

33 Jyotiba Phule Satya Shodak Samaj Opposed Social Evils Domination of Priests Started Educational Institutions for Backward

34 Jyotirao Govindrao Phule prominent role in reforms in Maharashtra. He fought for improving the condition of women, the poor and the untouchables. He started a school for the education of girls of the lower castes and founded an association called the Satyasodhak Samaj.

35 E.V. Ramaswami Naicker (Periyar) Self Respect Movement Opposed Caste System Brahmanical Supremacy

36 Periyar E. V. Ramasamy Thanthai Periyar was a businessman, politician, Indian independence and social activist He started the Self- Respect Movement or the Dravidian Movement and proposed the creation of an independent state called Dravidasthan comprising South India. He is also the founder of the socio-cultural Organisation called Dravidar Kazhagam.

37 Sree Narayana Guru Sree Narayana Dharma Pariplana Yogam Opposed Caste System Evil Practices Supported Social & Economic Progress of Backward

Yogam is the first organisation which envizaged Kerala as a whole. During the 1890 s the caste system in Kerala was very rigid, with untouchablility. Dr.

38 The Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP) was founded in 1903 with the guidance and blessings of Sree Narayana Guru. The SNDP is a charitable society working for the spiritual and educational upliftment of the Ezhava community for the past 102.Yogam is the first organisation which envizaged Kerala as a whole. During the 1890 s the caste system in Kerala was very rigid, with untouchablility. Dr. Palpu started works towards getting the rights of Ezhava community. With the 1891 Malayali Memorial Revolt, he came forward by taking the leadership of the community. He tried to make an organization called Ezhava Sabha. In 1896, he created the bye-law of it and published the same in Malayali, a newspaper published from Thankussery.

39 Activity 2 Prepare the list of major social Reform Movements that took place in India Before Independence Movements Reformer Ideas

43 Activity 3 Prepare a list of the Legislations against Social Evils by the British Government as a Result of the Social Reform Activities in India.

44 Permitted Widow Remarriage Prevented below 12 year marriage of Girls Legislations Banned Female Infanticide Abolished Slavery Prevented Child Marriage & Polygamy Abolished Sati

45 Ideologies put forward by Indian Reform Movements Created Nationalism among Indians Opposition to Caste System Equal Rights for All Defending Foreign Ideas & Culture Protest against Social Evils Educational Development Eliminate Supremacy of the Clergy

48 Functions of News Papers Today Covering News all Over the World Educate the People Enlighten the People Stand for Truth Human Rights Equality Justice Democratic Values National Unity Criticism Social Issues

49 Functions of Press During Freedom To create Public Awareness of Social Issues To Motivate People to Participate in the National Movement To Treat the Problem anywhere in the Country as a National Problem

52 The Hindu, Swadeshi Mitram

54 Article from Amrita Bazar Patrika, Jan 1930

56 Bombay Samachar

60 Voice of India

61 New India, Common Wheel Shome Prakash

63 Al Hilal

65 Nation

66 Activity 4 Prepare a list of the Major Newspapers during the freedom struggle and their Leaders Newspapers Leaders

69 Indian Leaders depended on News Papers To Propagate the Nationalistic Ideas Considered Journalism as a Service Criticized British Policies Motivated National Movement

70 Raja Rammohun Roy was the 1 st to Start Newspaper Sambath Kaumudi (Bengali) Mirat-ul-Akbar (Persian) Democracy

71 Vernacular Press Act By Lord Lytton in 1878 It Limited Freedom of Press in Regional Language People Violated this Act as a part of Freedom Struggle British Withdrew this Act after a Massive Protest

73 Role of Education To Bring Changes in the Society To Maintain Unity To Fight against British

74 2 Types of Interests in the 19 th Cent. Indian British To Free the Country from Political, Economical & Cultural Domination of British To Gain Political, Economical & Cultural Hegemony over India Role of Education was Important

75 Indian Leaders Used Education as a Tool for Unity.. By National Educational Institutions By Secular Education to All For Socio-Economic-Cultural Progress To Promote Nationalism To Oppose Social Evils To Oppose Western Education

76 The Deccan Educational Society Education was Inevitable For the Nationalism & Progress of the Country

77 1 st Indian Women University in Maharashtra (1916) Great Role in D.K. Karve Women Empowerment Following this many Educational Institutions were Founded.

78 Visva Bharati Tagore o Universal Brotherhood o To bridge Western & Eastern Cultures

79 To Strengthen National Movement by Secular Education Mohamed Ali Shoukath Ali Zakir Husain Ansari

80 Kerala Kalamandalam - Cheruthuruthy To Defend the Cultural Invasion To Promote Traditional Art

81 Gandhi Introduced 1937 Vocational Education was the Aim Help to build up a Good Future To Defend the British

83 Activity 5 Following are some ideas envisioned in National Education. List the Institutions that worked for these ideas Ideas of National Education Institutions Secularism Nationalism Women Empowerment Internationalism Revival of Traditional Arts Vocational Education

84 Ideas of National Education Secularism Nationalism Women Empowerment Internationalism Revival of Traditional Arts Vocational Education Institutions Jamia Millia Islamia Deccan Edu. Society Women University Visva Bharati Kerala Kalamandalam Wardha System

86 Literary Works were Against British Rule Social Evils in our Society The Agonies & Atrocities of People Writers shared their Dislikes with the People through Poetry, Novel, Drama, etc..

87 Result of Literary Works Treated Sorrows of others as theirs Came forward Collectively to Fight Sense of Patriotism Dissent Towards Foreign Rule Patriotic Songs in Regional Language bridged the gap between the Upper class Literates & Illiterate mass

88 Sisir Kumar Ghosh Satyendranath Tagore Concept of Bharat Mata

89 Bengali Novel Anandamath based on Sanyasi Revolt of Bengal Peasants

90 Agonies of Bengali Farmers Disparity between Rich & Poor

92 Dinabandhu Mitra Bengali Writer Depicted the Sufferings of Indigo Farmers in Bengal Indian Association was formed by S. Banerjee based on it.

95 Praised the Beauty of India s Nature & Unity of People Allama Muhammad Iqbal

96 Activity 6 Complete the Table Bharath Matha Concepts Creator/ Author Anandamath Sanyasi Revolt Agonies of Bengali Peasants Bandematharam Nil Darpan Sufferings of Indigo Farmers in Bengal Indian Association Sare Jahan Se Accha Praised the Beauty of India s Nature & Unity of People

97 Bharath Matha Concepts Anandamath Sanyasi Revolt Agonies of Bengali Peasants Bandematharam Nil Darpan Sufferings of Indigo Farmers in Bengal Indian Association Sare Jahan Se Accha Praised the Beauty of India s Nature & Unity of People Creator/ Author Sisir Kumar Ghosh Satyendranath Tagore Bankim Chandra Chatterji Dinabandhu Mitra Surendranath Banerjee Allama Muhammad Iqbal

99 Bengali o Ghora o Gitanjali

100 With Gandhi At Visva Bharati With Albert Einstein

101 Hindi o Sevasadan o Premasram o Rangabhumi o Godan

102 Tamil o Panchalisapad ham o Kali paattu o Kannan paattu o Kuyil paattu

103 Urdu o Hayat-e-Sahi o Hayar-e-Javeed

104 Marathi o Nibandha Mala Vishnu Krishna Chiplunkar

105 Malayalam o Ente Gurunathan o Bappuji o Indiayude Karachil

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107 Activity 7 Complete the Table Authors Works Languages Tagore Prem Chand S. Bharathi A.H. Hali V.K. Chiplunkar Vallathol

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109 Abanindranath Tagore

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111 Abanindranath Tagore Bharat Matha Patriotism in Indian Minds Many Artists were Influenced Freed Indian Painting from Western Promote Oriental Painting based on Indian Culture & Tradition Started Indian Society of Oriental Arts in Culcutta

112 Raja Ravi Varma Various Scenes from Indian Epics and Literature

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114 Nandalal Bose Various Scenes from Indian Literature & History Village Drummer Sati

115 Sufferings of Indian Villagers Amrita Sher-Gil

116 Activity 8 Complete the Table Paintings Bharath Matha Sati Village Drummer Artist Village Life

117 Paintings Bharath Matha Artist Abanindranath Tagore Sati Village Drummer Nandalal Bose Village Life Amrita Sher-Gil

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122 Gandhi Designed the National Flag with Charkha Self Dependence of Indians Defiance to Colonial Rule

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126 Additional Activities 1. Painters played a vital role in the emergence of Indian Nationalism. Explain 2. How did Literature in Various Languages motivate Indian Nationalism? 3. How did the Advancement of Education help nurture Indian Nationalism? 4. What was the role of Press in fostering National Unity and Social Reformation in India? 5. How did the ideologies put forward by the Indian Social Reform Movements create National Feeling among Indians? 6. How can you say that the British rule led the growth of Nationalism in India?

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130 Michael Angelo M.A. MA (Phi.,His.) HSA(Social Science) St. Mary s H.S. Palliport mamichaelma@gmail.com

Sati Child Marriage Female infanticide Untouchability. Q2. Name the uppermost caste in the social ladder that existed in ancient India.

Sati Child Marriage Female infanticide Untouchability. Q2. Name the uppermost caste in the social ladder that existed in ancient India. WOMEN CASTE AND REFORM Class VIII History Q1. Painted by a European artist who came to India, this was one of the many pictures of a religious practice, a social evil that existed in ancient India. Identify