Vayikra. (And he Called) Leviticus 1:1-5:26. Taught by: Christopher Reed 3/17/2018

Transcription

1 Vayikra (And he Called) Leviticus 1:1-5:26 Taught by: Christopher Reed 3/17/2018

2 The 5 Offerings of Vayikra This portion introduces the sacrificial service and describes five different types of Sacrificial Offerings: Leviticus 1:1 Burnt Offerings Leviticus 2:1 Grain (or Meal) Offerings Leviticus 3:1 Peace (or Fellowship) Offerings Leviticus 4:1 Sin Offerings Leviticus 5:14 Guilt (or Trespass) Offerings They were all burned on the Bronze Altar

3 The Bronze Altar A life-size replica of the Tabernacle in the Wilderness in Timna Park located in the Timna Valley in southern Israel in southwestern Arabah, approximately north of the Gulf of Aqaba Jordan and the town of Eilat.

4 The Korban Principle (Sin, Confession, Sacrifice, Redemption) When a person breaks the Torah of ADONAI, he commits sin (Heb. chata -> to miss the mark, incur guilt), and the price of sin is death for the sinner. However, ADONAI, because of His mercy, allows the death of a sacrificial animal to take the place of the person who sinned. In this Sacrificial Offering (Heb. korban ), the sinner would lead the animal to the altar, place their hands upon the head of the animal, make a confession (Heb. viduy ) of their guilt and the death they deserved, and then praise ADONAI for his mercy to accept the death of the offering in their place. The person making the offering would then kill the animal before the altar, and ADONAI, when He saw the blood and the ascending smoke, would forgive the sinner based on their faith and repentence (Heb. teshuvah ).

5 The Burnt Offering (Olah) Lev. 1: 1 ADONAI called Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting, saying, 2 Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, When any one of you brings an offering to ADONAI, you shall bring your offering of livestock from the herd or from the flock. 3 If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish 4 He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him.

6 The Burnt Offering, cont d 5 Then he shall kill the bull before ADONAI, and Aaron s sons the priests shall bring the blood hand throw the blood against the sides of the altar 8 And Aaron s sons the priests shall arrange the pieces, the head, and the fat, on the wood that is on the fire on the altar; 9 but its entrails and its legs he shall wash with water. And the priest shall burn all of it on the altar, as a burnt offering, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to ADONAI.

7 Burnt Offering Summary Purpose: Atone for intentional sin Acceptable offerings: A Bull, Ram, or Male Goat without blemish, or a pigeon or dove Action: Blood thrown on sides of altar; Completely burned; Priest could keep the skin or or or or

8 Messiah in the Burnt Offering The Burnt Offering spoke of the punishment for sin being death and ADONAI allowing a substitute to take our place. John 1:35-36 (ESV) 35 The next day again John was standing with two of his disciples, 36 and he looked at Yeshua as he walked by and said, Behold, the Lamb of God! Hebrews 10:10-14 (ESV) 10 And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Yeshua Messiah once for all. 11 And every priest stands daily at his service, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. 12 But when Messiah had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of ADONAI, 13 waiting from that time until His enemies should be made a footstool for His feet. 14 For by a single offering He has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.

9 Grain Offerings (Mincha) Lev. 2: 2 When anyone brings a grain offering as an offering to ADONAI, his offering shall be of fine flour. He shall pour oil on it and put frankincense on it 2 and bring it to Aaron s sons the priests. And he shall take from it a handful of the fine flour and oil, with all of its frankincense, and the priest shall burn this as its memorial portion on the altar, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to ADONAI. 3 But the rest of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of ADONAI s food offerings.

10 Grain/Meal Offering Summary Purpose: Give a gift to Adonai Acceptable offerings: Flour or roasted grain + Olive Oil + Frankincense + Salt (or) Unleavened bread + Salt Action: Memorial portion burned; Rest eaten by the Priest or +

11 Messiah in the Grain Offering Meal Offering spoke of the perfect gift and sacrifice (one s self), i.e., Yeshua giving his body for us voluntarily. This offering contains no yeast (sin) and was not for sin. John 15:13 (ESV) 13 Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.

12 Peace Offerings (Zebach Sh lamim) Lev. 3: 1 If his offering is a sacrifice of peace offering, if he offers an animal from the herd, male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before ADONAI. 2 And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and kill it at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and Aaron s sons the priests shall throw the blood against the sides of the altar.

13 Peace Offering Summary Purpose: Express thanks, give a gift, or make a vow to Adonai Acceptable offerings: (1) Herd or Flock Animal without blemish (M or F) + leavened and unleaved bread Action: Blood on altar; Fat from Liver, kidney, & entrails + kidneys burned on alter; Breast, Rt. shoulder, 1 of ea. bread to Priest; Rest to offeror + + Any one of these animals

14 Messiah in the Peace Offering Peace Offering spoke of the voluntary sacrifice done by Yeshua in Thanksgiving to Adonai for all He has done. In Him we have sh lamim (peace or completeness). Eph 2: 14 For He Himself is our peace, who has made us both one and has broken down in His flesh the dividing wall of hostility. (ESV) This was the only offering from which the person making the offering could eat a portion of the sacrifice in a fellowship meal with Adonai. John 6: 53 So Yeshua said to them, Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you have no life in you. 54 Whoever feeds on My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. (ESV)

15 Sin Offering (Chatat) Lev 4: 1 And ADONAI spoke to Moses, saying, 2 Speak to the people of Israel, saying, If anyone sins unintentionally in any of ADONAI s commandments about things not to be done, and does any one of them, 3 if it is the anointed priest who sins, thus bringing guilt on the people, then he shall offer for the sin that he has committed a bull from the herd without blemish to ADONAI for a sin offering. Examples: Witholding evidence in a trial Touching something or someone unclean (e.g., dead pig)

16 Sin Offering Summary Purpose: Atone for unintentional sin Acceptable offerings: Bull for Priest/Community; Male Goat for Ruler; Either Female Goat or Sheep, or 2 Pigeons or Doves, or 8 cups of flour for Individuals End Result: Blood sprinkled before the veil (only priest/comm.), put on horns of the alter, and poured out at base of alter; Internal organ fat burned on altar; Rest burned outside the camp; or Handful of flour on alter Priest or Entire Community Ruler Individuals or or or

17 Messiah in the Sin Offering The Sin Offering spoke of the sacrifice Yeshua made for restitution for our unintentional sins: Romans 8:3-4 New International Version (NIV) 3 For what the law was powerless to do because it was weakened by the flesh, ADONAI did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh to be a sin offering. And so He condemned sin in the flesh, 4 in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fully met in us, who do not live according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. 2 Corinthians 5:21 (ESV) 21 For our sake He made Him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of ADONAI.

18 Guilt Offerings (Asham) Lev. 5: 14 ADONAI spoke to Moses, saying, 15 If anyone commits a breach of faith and sins unintentionally in any of the holy things of ADONAI, he shall bring to ADONAI as his compensation, a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued in silver shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary, for a guilt offering. 16 He shall also make restitution for what he has done amiss in the holy thing and shall add a fifth to it and give it to the priest. And the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.

19 Guilt/Trespass Offering, cont d In these cases the offender had to bring a sacrificial animal (an unblemished ram or male lamb) to offer and also compensate the priests an extra 20 percent for what they had been deprived. Examples: Forgetting to fulfill a vow made to ADONAI or making some mistake in the fulfilling of it Accidently eating food that was reserved for the priests Mistakenly eating a firstborn animal from his own flock that was supposed to be given to ADONAI (or redeemed).

20 Guilt Offering Summary Purpose: Atone for unintentional sin in things belonging to Adonai Acceptable offerings: A Ram or Male Goat without blemish with the same value + 20%, or the equivalent value in silver shekels Action: Offering given to the Priest; Blood from the sacrifice put on Right ear lobe, right thumb, right big toe of offeror + 20% or + 20% or + 20%

21 Messiah in the Guilt Offering The Guilt Offering spoke of Yeshua as the offering to atone for sin against ADONAI s holy things: Isaiah 53:10-11 (ESV) 10 Yet it was the will of ADONAI to crush Him; He has put Him to grief; when His soul makes an offering for guilt, He shall see His offspring; he shall prolong His days; the will of ADONAI shall prosper in His hand. 11 Out of the anguish of His soul He shall see and be satisfied; by His knowledge shall the righteous one, My servant, make many to be accounted righteous, and He shall bear their iniquities.