The Ancient Passover

Transcription

1 The Ancient Passover

2 Anna S. Jackson April Version 1 EvangelismStuff.com The Ancient Passover

3 Table of Contents Introduction...7 The Food of Passover...11 Grocery List Count Down Checklist Supplies List Leader s Haggadah...30 Instructions on making Guest Haggadahs Guest Haggadah...67 (This section is numbered separately.) More Resources...87

4 Introduction INTRODUCTION My husband and I attended our first Passover meal in It was one conducted by my uncle, Dr. Thomas Lawson, who was also a professor at the Bible college we were attending. He had attempted, through historical study, to strip all elements out of the Passover meal that we know were not added until after the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD. In other words, he tried to produce a Passover meal that was closer to it s original form. And also closer to duplicating the one that Messiah would have eaten with his disciples. This is why we call it an Ancient Passover in contrast to a Modern Passover. For example, in a modern Passover, the central element... namely the Passover lamb... has been removed. We believe that by putting it back

5 into it s proper place, we are able to more fully experience what God is trying to teach through this meal. The fact that the Ancient Passover is not celebrated today means that we have to end up writing our own Haggadah... hence this book. And I m sure our Haggadah would not be Rabbi approved, since the beauty of the Passover meal is found in the way that so many aspects of it were fulfilled in the life, sacrifice, and resurrection of our Master and Messiah, Jesus (Yeshua in Hebrew). When we attended that first Passover meal, we were so moved that we began to make Passover a central part of our celebration leading up to Resurrection Sunday. We would have a Passover meal in our home the Thursday night prior, and each year it seemed to deepen in value. the food of passover scrawled notes gathered from various places. But I hope that some of it makes sense, and will help you along. If you find anything unclear, please contact me through our EvangelismStuff.com website, and I ll try to get back with you as quickly as I can. (And also, because this is self-edited, I d love to know about any mistakes you find... so I can correct them in future versions.) My prayer is that the Ancient Passover will deepen your experience with the Lord, and make Resurrection Sunday come alive for you in a way you ve never imagined. God Bless, Anna Over the years, we have had small Passovers, and enormous Passovers... and sadly, on a few years we ve had no Passover at all. We ve even had Passovers where we, and all our guests, dressed in bible costumes to make the night feel more authentic. And from time to time we have included a foot washing ceremony in remembrance of our Lord washing the feet of the disciples that night. This book has been many years in the making. Lots of what you ll read here I ve typed from my little

6 the food of passover The Food of PaSSOVER In the Ancient Passover the ceremonial foods were not used for ceremony alone, but were also the substance of the meal. That means that this meal will consist mainly of roasted lamb, matzah, an apple/nut mixture called kharoset, and bitter herbs. We suggest you also offer small quantities of some other foods that would have been commonly found in the Holy Land at the time Messiah sat down to his last Passover supper with his disciples. 10 In each section, we will first determine how much of that particular ingredient you will need to buy. Secondly we will give you some tips on that particular item. And finally we will give you the 11

7 cooking or preparation instructions. At the end of this chapter you will find a comprehensive grocery list, where you can fill in the amounts you determined in each of the following sections. Lamb How Much? No. of Children x 0.50 = No. of Adults x 1.00 = + TOTAL Pounds of Lamb = Tips You can buy the lamb early and freeze it. Take it out of the freezer and put it into the fridge to begin to thaw on Monday if you re having Passover on Friday, (or on Sunday if you re having Passover on Thursday). This is the big dollar area of your meal. Lamb Recipe the food of passover because it s flavor is not robust enough to stand up against the lamb) 1 1/2 tsp salt 1/4 tsp pepper (fresh ground if possible)jnnbn 1/4 cup butter (or a little cooking oil) PROCEDURE 1. Remove the lamb from the refrigerator 1 hour before roasting. 2. Preheat the oven to 350 deg. F. 3. Remove the fell (papery membrane) 4. Trim all but a thin layer of fat from the lamb, and make small slits over the surface of the meat. Insert the some of the rosemary into these slits. 5. Brush the butter (or cooking oil), and rub more rosemary, the salt, and the pepper into the meat. 6. Place the lamb, fat side up, on a roasting rack in a large, shallow roasting pan. 7. Roast at 350 deg. F for 30 minutes per pound, or until a properly-placed meat thermometer reads 170 deg. F. 8. Let the meat cool for about 10 minutes, then cut it into cubes to make the meat easier to eat with your hands... we don t use silverware at an Ancient Passover. INGREDIENTS 7-8 lbs leg of lamb 1 tsp rosemary, dried, crumbled (be sure not to use fresh rosemary, except perhaps as a garnish, 12 13

8 Bitter Herbs Bitter herbs, or maror, are any leafy green vegetable with a slightly bitter taste, torn up into bite-sized pieces. How Much? No. of Children x 2 = No. of Adults x 2 = + TOTAL Pieces of Bitter Herbs = Tips For the bitter herbs I suggest raw kale, mustard greens, collard greens or some other leafy green that is not very pleasant to eat by itself. If you d rather go easy on your guests, you may wish to use red leaf lettuce or endive but neither one has the bitter taste that s essential to the meaning of this Passover symbol. As you tear up the leafy greens, each piece should be no larger than the palm of your hand. the food of passover bitter herb, but horseradish is not an herb it is a root. The use of horseradish is probably what caused karpas (parsley) to be added to the modern Seder. In the Seder meal, the child asks, On all other nights we don t dip our vegetables even once. Why on this night do we dip them twice? Because it is nearly impossible to dip horseradish paste into salt water, this necessitated the addition of another vegetable to the meal. (They use a piece of matzah to help them dip the horseradish into the kharoset). Bitter Herbs Recipe INGREDIENTS bitter leafy greens (such as kale, mustard greens, or collard greens) PROCEDURE 1. Tear leaves into pieces about the size of the palm of an adult s hand this does not have to be exact. In modern Passovers horseradish is used as the bitter herb. We ve decided not to use it for two reasons. First, while some might call horseradish bitter it is probably more rightly classified as spicy, or hot. Secondly, the scriptures specify a 14 15

9 Kharoset Kharoset is a mixture of shredded apples, chopped walnuts, and a little bit of grape juice. (It is meant to turn brown, so don t add lemon juice) Apples - How Many? No. of Children x 0.50 = No. of Adults x 0.75 = + TOTAL Number of Apples = Apples - Tips 16 Buy firm apples. Stay away from Red Delicious and Yellow Delicious, which are too mushy in texture. Try to buy equal numbers of tart apples (like Granny Smith) and sweet apples (like Wine Sap and Rome). Don t buy all Granny Smith, or your kharoset will be too pale in color it won t turn brown as fast as it should. You ll have to peel, core and grate the apples. This can be very time consuming. Now I use a special apple coring tool that has a crank. You spin the crank, the peel comes off and the core is cut out. Then I put the remaining apple into a food processor it s much faster than back when I grated them by hand especially if you re serving 20 people!! Walnuts - How Much? the food of passover No. of Children x 0.10 = No. of Adults x 0.25 = + TOTAL Cups of Walnuts = Walnuts - Tips Your walnuts will need to be chopped. You can buy packages of them already chopped, but they are more expensive. I usually just chop them up on a cutting board. You want to get the pieces down to about half the size of a pencil eraser. I tried doing this in a food processor once, but it mashed them almost into a paste. It doesn t take that long to chop them on a cutting board and the result is better. Kharoset Recipe INGREDIENTS apples walnuts grape juice (or wine, depending on your taste) honey (optional) cinnamon (optional) PROCEDURE 1. Core, peel, and shred apples into a large 17

10 bowl. (AGAIN, REMINDER: DO NOT ADD LEMON JUICE... WE WANT THIS TO TURN BROWN.) 2. Chop walnuts, and add them to the apple mixture. 3. Add a couple of tablespoons of grape juice, (this helps it achieve the brown color we want). You can also add a little bit of honey and/or cinnamon (optional) Stir mixture, cover, and refrigerate. Serve. Matzah the food of passover Matzah is a bread made without leaven. It is similar to a large cracker. You can buy it boxed in the Jewish food section of your grocery store. How Much? No. of Children x 2 = No. of Adults x 3 = + Add another 3 wafers of matzah = + 3 (these are for the ceremony) TOTAL wafers of matzah = Tips When you buy your matzah look on the box for a statement as to whether this particular box of matzah can be used for Passover, or not. Matzah that is approved for Passover has been monitored by Rabbis to make sure that no more than 18 minutes have passed from the time the flour and water are mixed until the time the matzo dough is baked. This is because all flour has some naturally occurring yeast spores in it -- even if you don t add yeast purposefully. If the water is in contact with 18 19

11 the flour longer than that, some activation of this wild yeast may occur... thus making that matzah unfit for Passover. One might say, So what if there s a little accidental yeast in there. We re not under the law anymore, we have freedom in Christ! This is true, of course, however the purpose of this meal is to try to, as accurately as possible, recreate what took place on the night the Messiah Jesus ate his last Passover supper with his disciples. If we are going to talk about how God commanded Israel to eat bread with no yeast, then we should do our best to make sure that is what we are serving. Homemade Matzah Recipe In case you feel up to a challenge... Matzah is simply water and flour mixed, then rolled out flat, and cooked. Now that sounds so simple... but it s actually something of an art that will require some trial and error before you get it right. (If you re like me, you will end up burning quite a bit of it.) But I personally believe it s worth it to make the matzah on your own, because when it s done right it s so superior to store bought matzah, that you will need to make more than the chart on the previous page says (that chart is for store bought matzah). The texture of homemade matzah is a lot like a thin, crispy, potato chip... and no one can eat just one! I ve had several Passovers where people were (in a joking way) fighting over the last piece 20 the food of passover of matzah. Set aside several hours to work on this, and try to have at least one helper. Your helper can be rolling out new pieces while you re turning the others in the oven. It also helps to have more than one cookie sheet. INGREDIENTS water flour PROCEDURE Preheat the oven to 425 deg. F. Mix approximately 1 cup of flour and 1/3 cup warm water with a fork in a mixing bowl. This is not an exact science. Add more flour, or more water (by drops) until the dough is very soft and moldable. (It should be the softness of gum, but not sticky. If it is more the consistency of play dough, you need to add more water. If it ends up with a rubbery consistency, it s better to just discard it and start over.) 3. Take a piece of dough about half the size of a golf ball, and roll it out on a floured surface until it is only 1/4 an inch or thinner. 4. Put a very thin sprinkle of flour on a cookie sheet you will be using. This will keep the matzah from sticking to the pan. (Do not use oil or sprays.) 5. Transfer your very thin, rolled out dough, to the cookie sheet. You can usually get two or three on a sheet at a time. Don t worry about shaping them... homemade matzah should be 21

12 22 somewhat random in it s shape. 6. Put the sheet into the hot oven. And set a timer for 3 minutes. It should bubble up while cooking and the tops of the bubbles will brown ever so slightly. After 3 minutes, turn the pieces over with a fork and cook another 3 minutes. 7. (While the matzah is cooking, have your helper rolling out more dough, and getting it laid out on the other cookie sheet.) 8. Remove the matzah from the oven. Transfer it onto racks to cool. If you cool it on a solid surface, it may become moist on the bottom... the very last thing you want!!! If you have no racks, place pieces on dry paper towels, not touching each other. When cool the matzah should be very crispy, having almost the texture of a potato chip. The bubbles should bust easily with the prong of a fork. 9. You may need to adjust the heat of your oven to a little higher. You may even find it helpful to cook the matzah with the oven door slightly open (to let any moisture escape during the cooking process). 10. If you want to be as close to kosher as possible on this, be sure to stop what you re doing every 18 minutes... discard any uncooked dough, wash your mixing bowl, your rolling pin, and the area where you are rolling out the dough. 11. When COMPLETELY cool, store in zip top plastic bags up to two weeks. Grape Juice How Much? the food of passover No. of Children x 1 = No. of Adults x 2 = + TOTAL pints of grape juice = Tips (For quarts, multiply that number by 0.5. For gallons, multiply the pints number by ) This can be another big-ticket item. But remember you don t have to buy brand name. You don t even have to buy it in bottles you can go with frozen concentrate. If you re really pinched for pennies, consider watering down the grape juice slightly and adding a little bit of sugar. If you do it just right, no one will be wiser and your pocket book won t go into coronary arrest. At our Passover meals, we serve only water or grape juice. But it is perfectly permissible, and perhaps even more Biblical, to serve wine... at least to the adult guests. If you check out the Jewish section in your local grocery store you can probably find a bottle of Manichewitz kosher wine. It is a dark Concord grape wine that s flavor is described as sweet, almost syrupy. 23

13 Grocery List Fill in the amounts you came up with from the previous pages: lamb pounds butter (or cooking oil) dried rosemary (not fresh, unless you d like to get some additional fresh rosemary for garnish) garlic powder (not garlic salt) pepper (fresh ground is best) salt bitter herbs pieces apples apples walnuts cups of chopped sugar water the food of passover You can also buy the following types of things to have on the table, as a complement to the meal. These are not part of the ceremonial foods, but they are foods that would have been available to the Jews in the first century. grapes olives figs dates raisins Before you head out on that shopping trip, also be sure to check the supplies list, to make sure you have everything you ll need. honey matzah wafers (or flour, if you plan to make homemade) grape juice pints If you plan to extend your supply of grape juice: 24 25

14 26 The Count down 8 Weeks Before Send out invitations! This may seem a bit early to send out invitations, but you have to remember that Easter weekend is a very important family time. If people are going to make plans to come to your Pesakh, they will need PLENTY of time to plan for it. I usually send out my invitations in mid-february. 3 Weeks Before Call guests to remind them and get the final RSVP Count Down Checklist Make seating arrangement charts (This is only really important if you have a large group that will be seated at multiple tables.) Decide how many adult eaters and how many child eaters you have, and apply those numbers to the food section so that you know how much you need to buy Buy the lamb and freeze it Even if you know of a place that regularly stocks leg of lamb, you ll probably want to pick it up early to be on the safe side. It would be awful to get down to the day of the Passover and still not be able to find lamb anywhere. (I ve nearly been in that situation twice and I don t want to go back there!!!) Besides, buying early will give you a chance to seek out the best price. The meat cutter at our local grocery told me that lamb will keep just fine in the freezer for 6 months though I don t think you need to buy it THAT early! Start getting together things from the Supply List 2 Weeks Before Make homemade matzah (if you re going to make it rather than buy it) You should have everything from the Supply List ready and in a safe place. 3 Days Before Fill your grocery list Get the leg of lamb out of the freezer and into your fridge to thaw. 27

15 The SUPPLIES LIST SUPPLIES LIST leader bowl and towels for hand washing leader bowls for salt water, Kharoset, and bitter herbs leader plate for the shank bone and Matzot four white cloth napkins for the Matzot a roasted lamb shank bone (if you cook leg of lamb, you ll have one of these) a gift or money for the young person who finds the Afikomen tables and chairs Optional Essential leader Haggadah guest booklet Haggadahs 2 white taper candles 2 taper candle holders matches or lighter guest cups, plates and napkins (We don t use forks, knives or spoons. They didn t have silverware in the first century... have fun eating with your hands like you did when you were a kid.) guest bowls and towels for hand washing guest bowls for salt water, Kharoset, and bitter herbs 28 other candles and candle holders to make the table pretty table cloths an ornate community cup for communion a pretty cloth napkin to pass around with the community cup to wipe it after you drink pitchers to serve grape juice from a pretty platter to serve the lamb from aluminum disposable baking pans camera 29

16 The LEaDER s HAGGADAH The Leader s Haggadah Universe, who has set us apart by His Word and in Who s Name we light the festival lights. Em Mosheia Yeshua In the Name of Messiah Yeshua Amen. It s appropriate, at this time, to remember that just as the lights for Passover are kindled by a woman, the Light of the World came as the promised seed of a woman. The Four Cups of Wine We Light the Candles As we light the candles, we pray that God would use this Passover meal to bring us closer to Messiah. THE MOTHER PRAYS: Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha olam asher kidshanu bidevaro uvishmo ankhnu madlikim hanyrot shel yom tov. Blessed are You, O Lord our God, King of the 30 God raised up his servant, Moses, and spoke these words of encouragement to him. Join me in reading under The Four Cups of Wine. ALL TOGETHER: I will bring you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians I will free you from being slaves I will redeem you with an outstretched arm I will take you as my own people, and I will be your God 31

17 During Passover, we will celebrate these four promises by drinking from our cups four times. The first cup is called the cup of sanctification; the second, the cup of judgment; the third, the cup of redemption; and the fourth, the cup of the kingdom. The First Cup The Cup of Sanctification 32 Tonight we will be using the same prayers that have been prayed by the Jews for countless centuries at Passover. We have every reason to believe they would have been the same prayers used at the Last Supper. In Jewish homes and synagogues, prayers and scripture are often sung rather than read. Tonight I will first cantor (sing) the prayer in Hebrew, then I ll pray in English. The prayers are printed in your Haggadahs (little booklets). Let us all now fill our cups. Fill your paper cup as you say The first cup of the night is known as the Cup of Sanctification. Sanctification means The Leader s Haggadah to become set apart as Holy unto God. That is our desire tonight. Sing the prayer Baruch atah Adonai Eleheynu melekh ha olam borey pre hagafen. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the vine. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua Sing the Amen Amen. As the Messiah began his final Passover, he shared a cup with his disciples. Luke records that he said to them, Take this and divide it among you, for I tell you I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes. (Luke 22:17-18) Let s now drink the first cup of Passover. Take a drink from your cup, and motion others to drink from their cups 33

18 We Wash our Hands 34 At this point in the Passover, we have asked God to sanctify us. The next step is to wash our hands. The Jews do this hand washing ceremony as a way of further indicating their desire before God to be cleansed and holy. Dip your hands and wipe them on the towel Pass the bowl and towel around the circle as you continue to talk When the bowl is passed to you, take a moment to reflect on whatever you may still be holding in your heart that God needs to cleanse you of. As the bowl continues to be passed around, continue... On the night of Passover, Messiah took up the humble role of the lowest servant. I d like to ask (insert the Reader s name) to please read the scripture under We Wash our Hands. READER: After that he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples feet, drying them with a towel that was wrapped around him. Do you understand what I have done for you? he The Leader s Haggadah asked. You call me Teacher and Lord, and rightly so, for that is what I am. Now that I, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you should wash one another s feet. (John 13:5, 12b-14) The Four Questions Would (the young person) please rise and ask the four questions? YOUNG PERSON: How different is this night from all other nights! On all other nights we eat bread or matzah. On this night why do we eat only matzah? On all other nights we eat all kinds of vegetables. On this night why do we eat only bitter herbs? On all other nights we do not dip our vegetables even once. On this night why do we dip them twice? On all other nights we eat meat that has been roasted, stewed, or boiled. On this night why do we eat only roasted meat? 35

19 The First Question The Matzah When God set up the Passover, he specifically told us that we are to use this meal as a way of teaching our children about the faithfulness of God. The scriptures say, And when your children ask you, What does this ceremony mean to you? then tell them, It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians. (Exodus 12:26-27) Down through the ages, this has turned into a tradition of having the youngest person ask four questions. The leader answers those questions, and within the answers, we learn the story of Passover. The first question asks, On all other nights we eat bread with yeast or leaven, on this night, why do we eat only mazah? God told the Israelites, In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. For 36 The Leader s Haggadah seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. (Exodus 12:8-9) Most Jewish people follow this ordinance with little thought to it s meaning. But the New Testament reveals that yeast is sometimes a symbol for sin. Let s read together under The Matzah. ALL TOGETHER: Therefore let us keep the Passover, not with the old yeast, the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with bread without yeast, the bread of sincerity and truth. (1 Cor. 5:8) Lift the plate which contains the three matzot During Passover, three sheets of matzah are wrapped together. These three sheets are referred to by Rabbis as a Unity. Some think it must represent a unity of the Jews: the priests, the Levites, and the people. Others have suggested it may symbolic for the unity of the patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. But those who know Messiah can easily see here a picture of the trinity. God the Father... Point to the top sheet of matzah The Son... Point to the middle sheet 37

20 And the Holy Spirit... Point to the bottom sheet In this part of the ceremony, the second piece of the unity is removed and broken. 38 Remove the middle piece of matzah and break it in half. This is just as the Messiah, the second person of the trinity, was removed from the trinity for a time, and broken for our sins. Please read the next scripture with me. ALL TOGETHER: But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities, the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and by his stripes we are healed. (Isaiah 53:5) Take one half in hand... This half is now called the Afikomen. This word means ending or dessert. After breaking it, we wrap it in a white cloth and hide it. Just as Messiah s body was wrapped for burial and hidden for a while in a tomb. Wrap it and hand it to the Mother who will hide it. All the children need to cover their eyes while the Afikomen is being hidden. No peeking! Lift one half of the broken matzah The Leader s Haggadah The Afikomen will return at the end of the meal, just as the Messiah returned to life from the dead. The symbolic connection between the Afikomen and Yeshua is so undeniably strong, that some modern day Jewish groups unwilling to accept it have begun to claim that this part of the Passover ceremony must have been added in the first century by Jewish Christians. Lift the other half of the broken piece of matzah break off a piece and pass it Please break off a piece and hold it. When everyone has a piece, I will pray. Sing the prayer Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha olam hamotzi lekhem min ha aretz. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who brings forth bread from the earth. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua, 39

21 Amen. Sing the Amen All eat the matzah The Second Question The Maror On all other nights we eat all kinds of vegetables, but on Passover we only eat Maror bitter herbs. We eat bitter herbs to remind us of how bitter life was for the children of Israel when they were in slavery. Lift the cup of brine in one hand and a pinch of bitter herbs in the other We dip them into salt water that represents the tears of the Jews as they cried out to God to send them a deliverer. Dip the pinch and hold it We will all eat together after I pray. Sing the prayer Barukh atah Adoni Eloheynu melick ha olam 40 The Leader s Haggadah asher kidshanu budevaro vetzivanu al akhiat maror. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who has set us apart by his word and commanded us to eat bitter herbs. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua, Amen. Sing the Amen All eat The Third Question The Kharoset On all other nights we do not dip our vegetables even once, but tonight we dip them twice. Lift the cup of kharoset The first dip was into salt water, and the second dip will be into the kharoset. Kharoset is a mixture of chopped apples, nuts and honey. It is meant to remind us of 41

22 the brick and mortar that the children of Israel were forced to make. 42 Take a pinch of bitter herbs with your other hand as you say This time we as we dip our hands into the bowl, we scoop a quantity of kharoset onto our bitter herbs. This sweet mixture is meant to illustrate that even the most bitter circumstances can be made endurable by the grace of God. All eat During Yeshua s Passover meal, he revealed the bitterness of betrayal by Judas... perhaps at this very moment. (To the Reader:) Would you please read the scripture under The Third Question? READER: When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve. And while they were eating, he said, I tell you the truth, one of you will betray me. They were sad and began to say to one another, Surely not I Lord? Jesus replied, The one who has dipped his hand into the bowl with me will betray me. (Matthew 26:20-23) The Leader s Haggadah But we know that God used that bitter betrayal, and turned it to the sweetness of our salvation when Yeshua lay down his life on the cross. The Fourth Question The Roasted Lamb When Messiah sat down to the Passover meal with his disciples, the fourth question asked that night was, On all other nights we eat meat which has been roasted, stewed, or boiled. On this night, why do we eat only roasted meat? This question was asked at Passover, because on the table before them, would have been the roasted meat of the Passover lamb that had been sacrificed. In the case of Messiah s last Passover, Peter and John would have had the lamb sacrificed that day as they prepared the Passover meal. (Luke 22:7-18,24-30) When the Temple was destroyed in 70 AD, the Jews no longer had a sacrificial lamb as the centerpiece of this meal. So, they substituted a roasted egg for the roasted lamb... and changed the fourth question to one about reclining during the meal. In this 43

23 way, the very heart of Passover is changed. Today, Jews see the celebration of Passover primarily as a celebration of their nation s freedom from slavery. But when we put the Passover Lamb back at the heart of the meal, we can see that the true meaning of Passover is that God s Judgment in Egypt passed-over those who were covered by the blood of the Lamb. Today the same is true. God s wrath, for all eternity, will pass over anyone who shelters under the blood of Messiah, our Passover Lamb. Please read with me the two scriptures under The Roasted Lamb. ALL TOGETHER: For God did not appoint us to suffer wrath but to receive salvation through our Master, Yeshua the Messiah. (1 Thess. 5:9) For Messiah, our Passover Lamb, has been sacrificed. (1 Cor. 5:7c) Now to answer the question... On all other nights we eat meat cooked in various ways, but why tonight do we only eat meat that is roasted? 44 The Leader s Haggadah The simple answer is that we do it because that is what God commanded when he set up this teaching meal. The scriptures say, That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and bread made without yeast. Do not eat the meat raw or cooked in water, but roast it over the fire head, legs and inner parts. (Exodus 12:8-9) The Story of Passover This is the point at which we get to sit back and enjoy the retelling of the story. (To the Reader:) Please read us the section under The Story of Passover. READER: Ever since the great famine in which Joseph had been the second in command over Egypt, the children of Israel had thrived there in the Goshen valley. But then the scriptures tell us that the time came when there arose a Pharaoh who knew not Joseph. (Exodus 1:8) This Pharaoh looked out over his kingdom and saw that the Israelites were strong and numerous. He realized they could potentially rise up and destroy him. So he put tighter and tighter controls on them, until they were literally enslaved. And then he forced them to build his treasure cities. 45

24 But even then, God was merciful to the Israelites. The more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and spread; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites and worked them ruthlessly. They made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar and with all kinds of work in the fields; in all their hard labor the Egyptians used them ruthlessly. Seeing that the Hebrews continued to grow in number, Pharaoh grew even more fearful, and ordered that all their baby boys to be thrown into the crocodile infested Nile River. One couple hid their baby boy from this slaughter for three months. Finally, unable to keep him a secret any longer, they set him adrift in a basket on the Nile. God then caused the daughter of Pharaoh to pull that basket from the water, and raise Israel s future leader as her own child. She called him Moses, meaning drawn from the water. Moses grew to manhood as the adopted son of an Egyptian princess, but knowing all the time that he was a Hebrew. And he despised the way his people were being treated by the Egyptians. One day when he saw an Egyptian beating an Israelite slave, he flew into a rage and killed the man. At first he tried to hide the murder, but when he learned that word had leaked out, he fled Egypt to spend the next 40 years herding sheep in the land of Midian. The Leader s Haggadah However, God was not deaf to the cries of the children of Israel. He appeared to Moses in the burning bush and commanded him to go to Pharaoh, and give God s message, Let my people go! The Second Cup The Cup of Judgment Moses was filled with fear, but he did obey. Leaving his home in the wilderness, he made his way back to Egypt. Soon he stood, once again, in the palace he had once called home. Through his spokesman, Aaron, Moses told Pharaoh God s command. But the Pharaoh refused to let God s people go. And so God sent nine plagues, and with each one Pharaoh hardened his heart. It was only the tenth, and most awful plague, that finally opened Pharaoh s hand to free the Hebrews. Fill your paper cup with juice Now we fill our cups. A full cup is a symbol of joy, and we should be filled with joy when we think of how our great God delivered his people

25 However this joy comes at great cost. Tonight we will dip the tip of our little finger into the cup, once for each plague, taking out a drop each time and thereby symbolically reducing the fullness of our cup of joy. Recite with me the plagues listed under the Second Cup. 48 Remember, DO NOT drink this cup when you finish reciting the plagues. ALL TOGETHER: Blood, blood, blood... Frogs, frogs, frogs Lice, lice, lice Beasts, beasts, beasts Cattle disease, cattle disease, cattle disease Boils, boils, boils Hail, hail, hail Locusts, locusts, locusts Darkness, darkness, darkness Death of the firstborn, death of the firstborn, death of the firstborn. DO NOT DRINK the second cup yet. It is worth noting that it was the sacrificial death of the firstborn, only begotten, Son of God that purchased our redemption from sin and death. The Leader s Haggadah The Passover Lamb Lift the shankbone This is a lamb s shankbone. One of the requirements for the Passover lamb was that none of it s bones could be broken. (Exodus 12:46) This was a prophesy of Messiah. When he was crucified on our behalf, not a single bone was broken. (To the Reader:) Please read the scriptures for us under The Passover Lamb. READER: On the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family, one for each household. The animals you choose must be yearold males without defect. Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month when all the people of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight. Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the door frames of the houses where they eat the lambs. Although in later years the priests did take over performing the sacrifice of the Passover lambs, this is the only sacrifice in the Bible 49

26 which was specifically NOT to be done by the priests. God gave a command that, not the priests, but instead all the people of the community of Israel were to slaughter the animals at twilight. And then each one was personally responsible to mark their own doors with the blood of the lamb. In the same way, Messiah s sacrifice cannot be applied to anyone s life by a priest. Salvation requires a personal, one-on-one appeal to God. The personal nature of what is taking place here is further emphasized by the fact that God did not send a death angel to carry out the final plague on Egypt. No. It was God himself who personally exacted judgment it was God himself who personally passed over those covered by the blood. Let s share in the responsive reading under, The Passover Lamb. So the Lord brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, with great terror and with miraculous signs and wonders. The Lord God said, On that same night I will pass through Egypt... ALL: God himself, and no one other. 50 The Leader s Haggadah...and strike down every firstborn both men and animals... ALL: God himself, and no one other....and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. ALL: God himself, and no one other. I am the LORD. The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. ALL: We who have trusted Yeshua the Messiah know that the wrath of God himself has passed over us... Because God himself became flesh and was sacrificed as our Passover Lamb. Dayenu God has been so incredibly merciful to us! For each thing he has done, we cry out Dayenu! which means We would have been grateful for that alone! Please share in the responsive reading. God, we are so thankful for all your goodness to us. If you had only rescued us from Egypt, but had not destroyed the false 51

27 gods of Egypt... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! God, if you had only destroyed the false gods, but had not parted the Red Sea... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! God, if you had only parted the Red Sea, and not destroyed our enemies... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! But You, oh Lord, have provided us with these blessings, and so many more... ALL: Blessed are You, O Lord our God, for You have given us Messiah, forgiveness for sin, and life abundant and everlasting! 52 Let us now drink the second cup in thanksgiving to God! All drink. The Leader s Haggadah Now we re going to sing the song Dayenu! Sing Dayenu. Dayenu C F E-Lou-Hoetzy Hoetzy-On-New C F Hoetyz-On-New Me-Mitz-Rye-Um C F C F Hoetyz-On-New Me-Mitz-Rye-Um C-G7-C Dye-A-New! (chorus) English: If God had merely rescued us from Egypt, we would have been grateful for that alone. Chorus C F Dye-Dye-A-New! G7 C Dye-Dye-A-New! G Dye-Dye-A-New! C Dye-A-New! Dye-A-New! (repeat chorus once) E-Lou-No-Tan No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Ha-Tore-Ah No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Ha-Tore-Ah Dye-A-New! (chorus) English: If God would have merely given us the scriptures, we would have been grateful for that alone. 53

28 E-Lou-No-Tan No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Yesh-Ooo-Ah No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Yesh-Ooo-Ah Dye-A-New! (chorus) English: But God has given us Yeshua, and for that we are truly grateful. Now it is time to eat the Passover Meal. Relax, talk and enjoy the food! This is also the time that the young people should search for the Afikomen which was hidden. Whomever finds it, keep it until it s asked for. Eat the Passover Meal When everyone s done eating, give the prize to the young person who found the Afikomen and proceed on The Afikomen The Leader s Haggadah this bread. And if you are saved, but have any fear that you may be eating it in an unworthy manner, please abstain. In the days and weeks before the Passover meal, all the leavened food bread, yeast, baking powder, etc. is searched out and removed from the house, this is called the Bedikhat Khametz. It was a very serious thing to be found to have leavening in your home during Passover. It is also a very serious thing to approach the part of the Passover dinner that Messiah set aside as a memorial to his death. Let s each have a time of silent prayer in preparation for Holy Communion. Let s spend a few silent moments searching for the leaven of sin hidden within us, and asking the Lord to purge it from our hearts. After at least one full minute The Afikomen is the desert, the final food eaten at Passover. Please hold it and we will partake together. Take the matzah in your hands, hold it up a break it Partaking of the Afikomen is only for those who have been saved by Messiah Yeshua. If you are not saved, you should not eat 54 Messiah broke the afikomen and gave thanks. Let us pray 55

29 56 Sing the Hebrew Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha olam hamotzi lekhem min ha aretz. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who brings forth bread from the earth. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua. Amen. Sing the Amen Break off a piece for yourself and pass the two broken halves When everyone has a piece then continue Perhaps it was then that Messiah added the words, This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me. All eat. The Third Cup The Cup of Redemption The third cup of the evening is only for The Leader s Haggadah those who have been saved by Messiah Yeshua. If you are not saved, you should not drink this cup. And if you are saved, but have any fear that you may be eating it in an unworthy manner, please abstain. Fill the community cup as you say This third cup of the evening is the cup of redemption. For thousands upon thousands of years it symbolized the blood of the lamb upon the door posts that allowed God s judgment to pass over his people. Just as the blood of the lamb brought salvation in Egypt, Messiah s atoning death can bring salvation to all who repent and place their trust in Him. Take the community cup in your hands, hold it up Messiah blessed the cup. Let us pray Sing the Hebrew Baruch atah Adonai Eleheynu melekh ha olam borey pre hagafen.. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the vine. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua. 57

30 Amen. 58 Sing the Amen Perhaps it was with this cup after supper, that Messiah identified himself saying, This cup is the new covenant in my blood which is poured out for you. Take a drink, wipe the rim with the cloth, and then pass the cup The Prophet Elijah At this time, it is the tradition to let one of the young people open the door in hopes of welcoming Elijah to our seder. (Name one of the young people) could you please go and open the door for a few moments? Wait a few moments You can shut it now. This is because of a scripture in Malichi which says, See, I will send you the The Leader s Haggadah prophet Elijah before that great and dreadful day of the Lord comes. This is, perhaps, the saddest moment during our Passover meal, because the Jews today are singing this song still waiting in vain for the Messiah who has already come. As we listen to this mournful song turn your prayers to God for those you love who do not yet know Yeshua as their Messiah. Special music: Eliyahu Ha Navi Eliyahu HaNavi Dm A Dm A-Lee-Oh-Who Ha-No-Vee F A-Lee-Oh-Who Ha-Tish-Bee A A-Lee-Oh-Who A-Lee-Oh-Who Dm A Dm A-Lee-Oh-Who Ha-Gee-Low-Dee Gm Bim-Hey-Row Vee-Yom-Eee-New A Dm Yo-Vo Eee-Lay-New Gm Em-Moe-She-Ah Ben-Dough-Veed A Dm Em-Moe-She-Ah Ben-Dough-Veed English: May Elijah come soon. May Elijah come soon. Elijah, Elijah, May Elijah come in our lifetime. When he 59

31 comes, he will bring Messiah, Son of David, Messiah, Son of David. But today we can rejoice because we no longer have to wait for Elijah to come! Our Lord kept his promise when he sent John the Baptizer in the spirit and power of Elijah. Yeshua spoke of him saying, And if you are willing to accept it, he is the Elijah who was to come. The Fourth Cup The Cup of the Kingdom The Leader s Haggadah Give thanks to the Lord, for He is good. Give thanks to the God of gods! Give thanks to the Lord of lords! Who by His understanding made the heavens, Who spread out the earth upon the waters, Who made the sun to govern the day, And the moon and stars to govern the night. To Him who struck down Egypt s firstborn, And brought all Israel out from among them, With a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Give thanks to the God of heaven! The Leader Says: Let us pray. The time has come for us to share the final cup of Passover. This is the cup of the Kingdom, in which we express our unshakable hope in the coming Kingdom of God. Fill your glass and let s give thanks to God. 60 Wait for everyone to fill their glasses Please join with me in the responsive reading under The Cup of the Kingdom. At the end of each line, please respond by saying His love endures forever! Sing the prayer Baruch atah Adonai Eleheynu melekh ha olam borey pre hagafen. Speak the English Blessed are you, O Lord our God, Ruler of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the vine. Em Mosheiah Yeshua, In the name of Messiah Yeshua, Sing the Amen 61

32 Amen. The Passover is now complete. But it is traditional to end by expressing the wish that we might celebrate next year s Passover in Jerusalem. However, I propose that we should wish to celebrate next year s Passover in the NEW Jerusalem. Lift your glass... So let s toast together with these words, Next year in the New Jerusalem! All drink Sing Lashana Haba ah Bi Yerushaliym Lashanah Haba ah bi Yerushalaim Em La-Shana Ha-Ba Em Bay-Yah-Roo-Sha-Lie-Um G La-Shana Ha-Ba G Bay-Roo-Sha-Lie-Um Am La-Shana Ha-Ba Em Bay-Yah-Roo-Sha-Lie-Um Am La-Shana Ha-Ba Em Am Em Bay-Roo-Sha-Lie-Um The Leader s Haggadah English: Next year in Jerusalem! 62 63

33 Making Guest Booklets The following section contains the pages from the guest booklet. If you would like, you can photocopy these pages and put them together as shown below, then have them saddle-stitch stapled to make little booklets for your guests. There will be five pages of paper (copped front and back) in the guest book. cover 1 10 front of paper 1 back of paper 1 9 back of paper front of paper back of paper front of paper front of paper 3 back of paper front of paper 4 back of paper

34 66 The Ancient Passover

35 Shalom! Welcome to our Messianic Ancient Pesakah Seder Peace unto you! We are blessed to have each one of you here tonight as we tell the story of the Passover and how Messiah Yeshua fulfilled it! Tonight we will be celebrating Passover in a way very similar to the way Yeshua and his apostles celebrated it in the upper room we call it an Ancient Passover, (or a Biblical Passover). We want you to understand what distinguishes it from a Modern Passover the lamb. When the Temple was destroyed in 70AD, the Jews could no longer sacrifice lambs at Passover time. Though the lamb was the central figure of the Passover, it had suddenly been excluded from the very dinner that bears its name (Pesakh = Passover). Over the years other traditions crept in to take the place of the gaping hole left by the absence of the Lamb. And while there is nothing wrong with eating matzah ball soup and ghefelta fish, or using a roasted egg and a Hillel sandwich in your Passover ceremony we want to follow as closely as possible to original biblical pattern that Messiah would have used during his Last 1 Supper with his apostles. We often forget that the apostles who went to prepare the Passover dinner for the Lord would have sacrificed a lamb at the Temple early in the day. As the sun went down, and they gathered in the upper room, they ate the lamb and ate with the Lamb. Then they witnessed Messiah, our Passover Lamb sacrificed for us all. Without the eating of the lamb in our Passover, we would miss out a great deal on how Messiah Yeshua fulfilled all the prophetic nuances of the original Passover. So let us all step into this God designed time machine. Let us close our eyes and feel the baked breath of Egypt in our faces. Let us imagine ourselves, huddled and nervous around the fire in our huts, eating this meal in haste as the Lord commanded Moses. Can t you almost see the fresh lamb s blood upon the rough, hewn frame of our door? Can you hear the mother crying out down the road? The fierce wrath of our Mighty God has come, and nothing stands between it and us but the blood of the lamb. Then let us travel several thousand years into the future and sit around the table with Messiah Yeshua. Let us put ourselves in the minds of the apostles who had eaten Passover dinners every year of their lives from boyhood. Let us imagine how they strained with dull difficulty to grasp what Yeshua meant when 2

36 he said, This is MY blood, which is shed for you and, This is MY body, which is broken for you Then speed forward again in your own mind to the day when you knew that Messiah died for you the day you chose the Blood of the Lamb rather than Hell the day when the fierce wrath of the Almighty God passed over you. Again, Shalom! May the Peace of Messiah rest upon you, and may you glean everything He has waiting for you from this celebration. The Ancient Passover The Four Cups of Wine Some Definitions Dimakh Tears a symbol of the weeping of those suffering in bondage Haggadah The Telling Kharoset Mortar a symbol of the sweetness of redemption Maror Bitter herbs a symbol of the bitterness of life without the Lord Matzah Unleavened bread a symbol of purity Messiah Anointed One, the Christ Messianic Having to do with the Messiah Pesakh Literally Passover, but also referring to the Lamb Seder Order of Service Shalom A Hebrew greeting that means Peace unto you! Yeshua The Hebrew form of the name Jesus 3 ALL TOGETHER: I will bring you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians I will free you from being slaves I will redeem you with an outstretched arm I will take you as my own people, and I will be your God The First Cup The Cup of Sanctification Take this and divide it among you, for I tell you I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes. (Luke 22:17-18) 4

37 We Wash our Hands After that he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples feet, drying them with a towel that was wrapped around him. Do you understand what I have done for you? he asked. You call me Teacher and Lord, and rightly so, for that is what I am. Now that I, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you should wash one another s feet. (John 13:5, 12b-14) The Four Questions YOUNG PERSON: How different is this night from all other nights! On all other nights we eat bread or matzah. On this night why do we eat only matzah? On all other nights we eat all kinds of vegetables. On this night why do we eat only bitter herbs? On all other nights we do not dip our vegetables even once. On this night why do we dip them twice? On all other nights we eat meat that has been roasted, stewed, or boiled. On this night why do we eat only roasted meat? The First Question The Matzah 5 ALL TOGETHER: Therefore let us keep the Passover, not with the old yeast, the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with bread without yeast, the bread of sincerity and truth. (1 Cor. 5:8) ALL TOGETHER: But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities, the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and by his stripes we are healed. (Isaiah 53:5) The Second Question The Maror The Third Question The Kharoset When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve. And while they were eating, he said, I tell you the truth, one of you will betray me. They were sad and began to say to one another, Surely not I Lord? Jesus replied, The one who has dipped his hand into the bowl with me will betray me. (Matthew 26:20-23) The Fourth Question The Roasted Lamb 6

38 ALL TOGETHER: For God did not appoint us to suffer wrath but to receive salvation through our Master, Yeshua the Messiah. (1 Thess. 5:9) For Messiah, our Passover Lamb, has been sacrificed. (1 Cor. 5:7c) The Story of Passover Ever since the great famine in which Joseph had been the second in command over Egypt, the children of Israel had thrived there in the Goshen valley. But then the scriptures tell us that the time came when there arose a Pharaoh who knew not Joseph. (Exodus 1:8) This Pharaoh looked out over his kingdom and saw that the Israelites were strong and numerous. He realized they could potentially rise up and destroy him. So he put tighter and tighter controls on them, until they were literally enslaved. And then he forced them to build his treasure cities. But even then, God was merciful to the Israelites. The more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and spread; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites and worked them ruthlessly. They made their lives bitter with hard labor in brick and mortar and with all kinds of work in the fields; in all their hard labor the Egyptians used them ruthlessly. Seeing that the Hebrews continued to grow in number, Pharaoh grew even more fearful, and ordered that all their baby boys to be thrown into the crocodile infested Nile River. One couple hid their baby boy from this slaughter for three months. Finally, unable to keep him a secret any longer, they set him adrift in a basket on the Nile. God then caused the daughter of Pharaoh to pull that basket from the water, and raise Israel s future leader as her own child. She called him Moses, meaning drawn from the water. Moses grew to manhood as the adopted son of an Egyptian princess, but knowing all the time that he was a Hebrew. And he despised the way his people were being treated by the Egyptians. One day when he saw an Egyptian beating an Israelite slave, he flew into a rage and killed the man. At first he tried to hide the murder, but when he learned that word had leaked out, he fled Egypt to spend the next 40 years herding sheep in the land of Midian. 7 However, God was not deaf to the cries of the 8

39 children of Israel. He appeared to Moses in the burning bush and commanded him to go to Pharaoh, and give God s message, Let my people go! the sides and tops of the door frames of the houses where they eat the lambs. The Second Cup The Cup of Judgment ALL TOGETHER: Blood, blood, blood... Frogs, frogs, frogs Lice, lice, lice Beasts, beasts, beasts Cattle disease, cattle disease, cattle disease Boils, boils, boils Hail, hail, hail Locusts, locusts, locusts Darkness, darkness, darkness Death of the firstborn, death of the firstborn, death of the firstborn. DO NOT DRINK the second cup yet. The Passover Lamb On the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family, one for each household. The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect. Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month when all the people of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight. Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on 9 RESPONSIVE READING: LEADER: So the Lord brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, with great terror and with miraculous signs and wonders. The Lord God said, On that same night I will pass through Egypt... ALL: God himself, and no one other. LEADER:...and strike down every firstborn both men and animals... ALL: God himself, and no one other. LEADER:...and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. ALL: God himself, and no one other. LEADER: I am the LORD. The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. ALL: We who have trusted Yeshua the Messiah 10

40 know that the wrath of God himself has passed over us... Because God himself became flesh and was sacrificed as our Passover Lamb. Dayenu RESPONSIVE READING: God, we are so thankful for all your goodness to us. If you had only rescued us from Egypt, but had not destroyed the false gods of Egypt... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! God, if you had only destroyed the false gods, but had not parted the Red Sea... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! God, if you had only parted the Red Sea, and not destroyed our enemies... ALL: DAYENU! We would have been grateful for that alone! But You, oh Lord, have provided us with these blessings, and so many more... ALL: Blessed are You, O Lord our God, for You have given us Messiah, forgiveness for sin, and life abundant and everlasting! Dayenu E-Lou-Hoetzy Hoetzy-On-New Hoetyz-On-New Me-Mitz-Rye-Um Hoetyz-On-New Me-Mitz-Rye-Um Dye-A-New! English: If God had merely rescued us from Egypt, we would have been grateful for that alone. Refrain Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-A-New! Dye-A-New! Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-Dye-A-New! Dye-A-New! Dye-A-New! E-Lou-No-Tan No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Ha-Tore-Ah No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Ha-Tore-Ah Dye-A-New! English: If God would have merely given us the scriptures, we would have been grateful for that alone. (Refrain) E-Lou-No-Tan No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Yesh-Ooo-Ah No-Tan-Lawn-Ooo Et-Yesh-Ooo-Ah Dye-A-New! English: But God has given us Yeshua, and for that we are truly grateful. (Refrain) 11 Eat the Passover Meal 12

41 AFTER the Passover Meal The Afikomen Partaking of the Afikomen is only for those who have been saved by Messiah Yeshua. If you are not saved, you should not eat this bread. And if you are saved, but have any fear that you may be eating it in an unworthy manner, please abstain. The Third Cup The Cup of Redemption The third cup of the evening is only for those who have been saved by Messiah Yeshua. If you are not saved, you should not drink this cup. And if you are saved, but have any fear that you may be eating it in an unworthy manner, please abstain