John the Baptist. A battle 2000 years in the making. Luke 3:1-2 EUAGGELION KATA LOUKAN

Transcription

1 John the Baptist A battle 2000 years in the making Luke 3:1-2

2 Luke 3 1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene, 2 in the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

3 Genesis Now these are the records of the generations of Isaac, Abraham s son: Abraham became the father of Isaac; 20 and Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife. 21 Isaac prayed to the Lord on behalf of his wife, because she was barren; and the Lord answered him and Rebekah his wife conceived. 22 But the children struggled together within her; and she said, If it is so, why then am I this way? So she went to inquire of the Lord. 23 The Lord said to her, Two nations are in your womb; And two peoples will be separated from your body; And one people shall be stronger than the other; And the older shall serve the younger.

4 Genesis When her days to be delivered were fulfilled, behold, there were twins in her womb. 25 Now the first came forth red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him Esau. 26 Afterward his brother came forth with his hand holding on to Esau s heel, so his name was called Jacob; and Isaac was sixty years old when she gave birth to them. 27 When the boys grew up, Esau became a skillful hunter, a man of the field, but Jacob was a peaceful man, living in tents. 28 Now Isaac loved Esau, because he had a taste for game, but Rebekah loved Jacob. 29 When Jacob had cooked stew, Esau came in from the field and he was famished; 30 and Esau said to Jacob, Please let me have a swallow of that red stuff there, for I am famished. Therefore his name was called Edom. 31 But Jacob said, First sell me your birthright. 32 Esau said, Behold, I am about to die; so of what use then is the birthright to me? 33 And Jacob said, First swear to me ; so he swore to him, and sold his birthright to Jacob. 34 Then Jacob gave Esau bread and lentil stew; and he ate and drank, and rose and went on his way. Thus Esau despised his birthright.

5 Genesis 27 Jacob s stolen blessing 26 Then his father Isaac said to him, Please come close and kiss me, my son. 27 So he came close and kissed him; and when he smelled the smell of his garments, he blessed him and said, See, the smell of my son Is like the smell of a field which the Lord has blessed; 28 Now may God give you of the dew of heaven, And of the fatness of the earth, And an abundance of grain and new wine; 29 May peoples serve you, And nations bow down to you; Be master of your brothers, And may your mother s sons bow down to you. Cursed be those who curse you, And blessed be those who bless you.

6 Genesis 27 Esau s blessing 38 Esau said to his father, Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me, even me also, O my father. So Esau lifted his voice and wept. 39 Then Isaac his father answered and said to him, Behold, away from the fertility of the earth shall be your dwelling, And away from the dew of heaven from above. 40 By your sword you shall live, And your brother you shall serve; But it shall come about when you become restless, That you will break his yoke from your neck. 41 So Esau bore a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said to himself, The days of mourning for my father are near; then I will kill my brother Jacob.

7 Obadiah 1 The vision of Obadiah. Thus says the Lord God concerning Edom We have heard a report from the Lord, And an envoy has been sent among the nations saying, Arise and let us go against her for battle 8 Will I not on that day, declares the Lord, Destroy wise men from Edom And understanding from the mountain of Esau? 9 Then your mighty men will be dismayed, O Teman, So that everyone may be cut off from the mountain of Esau by slaughter. 10 Because of violence to your brother Jacob, You will be covered with shame, And you will be cut off forever. 18 Then the house of Jacob will be a fire And the house of Joseph a flame; But the house of Esau will be as stubble. And they will set them on fire and consume them, So that there will be no survivor of the house of Esau, For the Lord has spoken.

8 Antipater I the Idumaean was the founder of the Herodian Dynasty and father of Herod the Great. According to Josephus, he was the son of Antipas and had formerly held that name. A native of Idumaea, southeast of Judea between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba, which during the time of the Hebrew Bible had been known as the land of Edom, Antipater became a powerful official under the later Hasmonean kings and subsequently became a client of the Roman general Pompey the Great when Pompey conquered Judea in the name of Roman Republic. When Julius Caesar defeated Pompey, Antipater rescued Caesar in Alexandria, and was made chief minister of Judea, with the right to collect taxes. Antipater eventually made his sons Phasaelus and Herod the Governors of Jerusalem and Galilee respectively. After the assassination of Caesar, Antipater was forced to side with Gaius Cassius Longinus against Mark Antony. The pro-roman politics of Antipater led to his increasing unpopularity among the devout, non-hellenized Jews. He died by poison. The diplomacy and artful politics of Antipater, as well as his insinuation into the Hasmonean court, paved the way for the rise of his son Herod the Great, who used this position to marry the Hasmonean princess Mariamne, endear himself to Rome and become king of Judea under Roman influence. Wikipedia

9 Lineage Abraham Isaac ~2000BC or ~1850BC Esau Jacob Edom Israel Idumea David Herods JB & Jesus

10 Genesis 27 Esau s blessing 40 By your sword you shall live, And your brother you shall serve; But it shall come about when you become restless, That you will break his yoke from your neck. 41 So Esau bore a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said to himself, The days of mourning for my father are near; then I will kill my brother Jacob.

11 Timing Luke 1:5 In the days of Herod (the Great), king of Judea, there was a priest named Zacharias, of the division of Abijah; and he had a wife from the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth. Luke 2:1 Now in those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus, that a census be taken of all the inhabited earth. 2 This was the first census taken while Quirinius was governor of Syria.

12 Wives & Children of Herod the Great Wife Doris Mariamne I, daughter of Hasmonean Alexandros, executed 29 BC Children son Antipater II, executed 4 BC son Alexander, executed 7 BC son Aristobulus IV, executed 7 BC daughter Salampsio daughter Cypros Daughter Herodias Mariamne II, daughter of High-Priest Simon son Herod II (Philip I) Malthace Cleopatra of Jerusalem Pallas Phaidra Elpis a cousin (name unknown) a niece (name unknown) Wife Herodias son Herod Archelaus ethnarch (Judea) son Herod Antipas tetrarch (Galilee) daughter Olympias son Philip the Tetrarch (Ituraea) (Herod Philip II) son Herod son Phasael daughter Roxanne daughter Salome no known children no known children

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14 Annas & Caiaphas Annas was appointed by the Roman legate Quirinius as the first High Priest of the newly formed Roman province of Iudaea in 6 A.D; just after the Romans had deposed Archelaus, Ethnarch of Judaea, thereby putting Judaea directly under Roman rule. Annas officially served as High Priest for ten years (6 15 A.D.), when at the age of 36 he was deposed by the procurator Gratus. Yet while having been officially removed from office, he remained as one of the nation's most influential political and social individuals, aided greatly by the use of his five sons and his son-in-law Caiaphas as puppet High Priests. Wikipedia

15 Political Overview chart

16 Bible Roman Empire Abilene / Abila Ituraea and Trachonitis Judea Samaria Idumea Galilee & Perea High Priest in Jerusalem?Jesus' Julie Caesar 47 Antipater the Idumean Herod the Hyrcanus II grandparents? Marc Antony, Marc Lepidus, Octavian Herod the Great Great (son of Antipater) (restored), BC Antigonus, son of Aristobulus II, BC Ananelus 36 37BC-4BC/1BC Aristobulus III (Hasmonean, brother of Herod's second wife Mariamne I) Caesar Augustus 27 27BC-14AD 26?Jesus' 25 parents born First Roman 24 in Galilee? Emporer, aka Octavian Herod the Great 37BC-4BC/1BC Ananelus Joshua ben Fabus Simon ben Boethus, 23-5 BC (his daughter Mariamne II

17 Bible Roman Empire Abilene / Abila Ituraea and Trachonitis Angel visits 7 Jesus & JB 6 Bethlehem slaughter Jesus Judea Samaria Idumea Herod the Great 37BC-4BC/1BC Coponius Marcus Ambivulus Galilee & Perea High Priest in Jerusalem her. 5 Matthias ben Theophilus 4 Herod Philip II (Philip the Herod Archelaeus Herod Antipas (Antipater) Joazar ben Boethus 3 Tetrarch) 4BC-34AD 4BC-6AD 4BC-39AD Took his halfbrother's Eleazar ben Boethus / Joshua ben Sie wife Joazar ben Herodias, the Boethus daughter-inlaw of the former high priest Simon. He is then step-father to Salome who danced and pleased him. She then took her mother's was third wife of Herod the Great) Son-in-law Herod Philip I wife Herodias, who initiated her own divorce, taking daughter Salome with Ananus ben Seth (Annas) 6-15AD

18 Bible Roman Empire Abilene / Abila Ituraea and Trachonitis Tiberius Caesar 14AD-37AD JB Public 29 Lysanias JB Prison JB Killed 32 Jesus Crux Caligula 37-41AD Claudius Judea Samaria Idumea Annius Rufus Galilee & Perea High Priest in Jerusalem Valerius advice to ask for the head of John the Baptist who Ishmael ben Gratus denounced Fabus 16 Heriodias' marriage to Eleazar ben Ananus 17 Antipas. Simon ben Camithus Herod Philip II (Philip the Tetrarch) 4BC-34AD Pontius Pilate 26AD-36AD Herod Antipas (Antipater) 4BC-39AD Joseph Caiaphas 18-36AD (son-in-law of Annas) 36 Jonathan the son of Ananus 37 Theophilus the 38 son of Ananus Herod Agrippa

19 Paul Bible Roman Empire Abilene / Abila Ituraea and Trachonitis Paul Nero 54-68AD Paul Stoning of James 41-54AD Judea Samaria Idumea I 41-44AD Galilee & Perea High Priest in Jerusalem Matthias the son of Ananus 44 Jonathan the son of Ananus Ventidius Cumanus 48-52AD Marcus Antonius Felix 52-58AD Porcius Festus 59-62AD 63 Ananus the son of Ananus

20 Luke 3 1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod (Antipas) was tetrarch of Galilee, and his (younger half-)brother (Herod) Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene, 2 in the high priesthood of Annas and (son-in-law) Caiaphas, the word of God came to John, the son of Zacharias, in the wilderness.

21 2000 Year Old Battle Abraham ~2000BC or Isaac ~1850BC Esau Jacob Edom Israel Idumea David Herods JB & Jesus

22 2000 Year Old Battle staff vs scepter camel skin vs crown red neck vs royalty prophet vs prosperous ignoble vs noble thorn vs throne Jacob vs Esau

23 So what? James 3:16 For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every vile practice. 17 But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, open to reason, full of mercy and good fruits, impartial and sincere. Galatians 4:4 But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, 5 to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons. Acts 2:40 And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, "Save yourselves from this crooked generation."