The investigation of children and insane'scriminal liability in Imamiyah jurisprudence (Figh)
|
|
- Ralf Hopkins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJBR) ISSN , Online ISSN X, Vol-7, Special Issue-Number5, 2016, pp Research Article The investigation of children and insane'scriminal liability in Imamiyah jurisprudence (Figh) Mohaddese Yahyapour Department of Law, Sowmesara branch, Islamic Azad University, Sowmesara, Iran* a This article is taken from the master's thesis titled "The investigation of children and insane'spunishment in Imamiyah jurisprudence and adjust it with the Islamic Penal Code (IPC)". mohaddese.yahyapour@gmail.com ABSTRACT A punishment decree regarding children is not contrary to the hadith of Raf' al-qalam and lack of criminal liability.in other words, since the Islamic criminal law have rational system and deliberate policy, so it has chosen a balanced approach about child offenders.this means that, they are not exempt from any responsibility in general but is not considered like adults responsible for them.that is, the determination of criminal liability in this comprehensive legal system is considering the physical and psychological situation of children and the development of sense of discernment in them.considering the importance of child delinquency issue and their and society improvement in the future,islam hasconsidered it is necessary to adopt certain security and training measures in criminal law and even some mild safeguarding measures and has ordered some punishment, such as censure, reprimand, beat. Furthermore, the insane person is free of obligations and responsibilities inimamiyah jurisprudence, Hadd in Sahih narration of Abu Ubaidah which is mentioned earlier,does not include punishment, and it is bind by those narration that considered the respect of interest is necessary in implementing punishment. As a result, the second decree is regardedlimited tohudud, otherwise, there is no another reason in relation to this issue. Therefore, the madness make toexclude the punishment. Keywords: Criminal Liability, Children, Insane, ImamiyahJurisprudence 1. INTRODUCTION In Islamic legal system based on the features of duty of man, everyone is accountable and responsible for the acts and behavior, both individual and social.the Quran refers to this issuesthis assignment is that all their behavior and actions are accurately evaluated and they should be held accountable:surely the eyes, ears and hearts are all responsible (36/SuraIsra). On the other hand, Holy Quran considers the characteristics of human assignment due to his innate abilities and talents. According to Islam, anyone with own intellectual and spiritual abilities and other talents, will be responsible and accountable for their own behavior and that God has not obligated to any more of his abilities as stated in SuraBaqara: Everyone has the ability due to his physical and psychological conditions. In other words the holy legislator to realize any kind of responsibility,is considered essential having physical and mental conditions and characteristics and thinking ability and decisionmaking power and knowledge of legal requirements.in terms of jurisprudence, a series of these physical and mental abilities to take responsibilities any personare known as general conditions of assignment orahliyyat (demonym). Jurisprudents have briefed them in the four elements including maturity, wisdom, authority and knowledge regarding the legal requirements. Hence, considering science of jurisprudence,responsibility in general and criminal liability in particular are analyzed on
2 the basis of assignment, so that, as long as the person is not obligated, will not be responsible for their actions. This means that, the rise and decline of both liturgical and legal responsibilities are subject to realization of these four elements, so that responsibility will lapse if any of these conditions do not exist.on the one hand liability, such as criminal liability will be done throughthese conditions, on the other hand, realization of these conditions depends on variables like age. Thus, the criminal liabilitystart at a certain age which is referred as the puberty. According to the jurists it is 15 full lunar years for boys and nine full lunar years for girls. This means that upon reaching the age, individuals' perceptual and intellectual forces evolves naturally, so that they acquire the necessary competence and capacity to accept the obligations and responsibilities, and the socalled jurisprudents, become mature and wise. Accordingly, one of the conditions for the realization of criminal liability is upon reaching puberty in Islamic legal system, therefore children are not obligated to execute responsibilities and are not reprimanded for the unlawful act or omission of an obligatory duty. So, in order to address all crimes, realization of theassignmentconditions on the offender, including pubertyis required to establish the criminal liability, and if during judicial proceedings turns out the offender is before reaching puberty, he will not be deserving of punishment. 2. The criminal liability of children in ImamiyahJurisprudence According to the jurists puberty is 15 full lunar years for slave and nine full lunar years for girls. In ImamiyahJurisprudence, children are responsible for specific criminal law in each of these stages and there are certain limits in relation to differentresponsibility against their crimes and actions in each of them. When children reach the age of puberty are responsible for the crimes they committed as adults and mature individuals. Therefore, the main issue in the criminal liability of children, is related to the first and second stages. There is no doubt that in the first stage, the child has no the criminal liability for crimes committed, and none of punishment such as retribution, hudud, ta'zir and punitivenessdo not apply in his case. The reason for this exemption is absence of general conditions of assignment, the hadith of Raf' al- Qalam and other hadiths that Shiite jurists havesuggested in this regard. In addition, at this stage the child is notable to recognize matters and do not care about the purposes which are considered in punishment. In a hadith narrated by Muhammad ibn Muslim, from Imam Muhammad Baqer (pbuh) asked about the child who was stolen, he said:if the child is seven years or less, so he will not be punished (al-hur al-aamili, n.d: 525).The jurisprudents have stated that in allcrimes under the qisas and hadd including murder, theft, adultery, sodomy and... punishment apply if the person has the wisdom and absolute discretion and upon reaching puberty and according to different hadiths of Raf' al-qalam, prescription of the tough punishment such as retaliation and Hududis not permissible in the case of children who don't have hit puberty definitely(tousi, 1972: 2-4; Mousavi Khomeini, in 2011: 456; IbnIdris Alhali, 1410 AH: 369; Khoei 1396 AH: ; IbnBorraj, 1406 AH: ).In regard to implementation ofta'zir andpunitivenessrelated to children, they also explicitly prohibited them and believe that due to undiscerning minorare notable to diagnose and understandmatters and their punishment will be useful and will not have a corrective effect (Helli, 1409 AH: 100 and 975; Najafi, 1363: 413; Odeh, 1373: 303; KarimiJahromy, 1412 AH: 282; Iraqi,n.d: 9).So, according to Shi'a jurists and the hadith of pure Imams (pbuh), we can find thatislamic criminal law has not permitted any criminal and exemplary damages for undiscerning minor. Hence, an undiscerning minor committed a crime that is punishable by hadd, the punishment will not be carried about him, if he kill or injure someone, he will not be subject to retaliation, ta'zir and even ta'zir and exemplary damages are not applied in his case. 3. jurisprudents' opinions on child punitiveness On various legal topics used jurists' terms and views parents of children make it necessary for the discerning minor's parents including father, Mohaddese Yahyapour 1495
3 teachers and religious judge, and ect.,to do punish them in cases where there is no other way ofpunitiveness. IbnBorraj, the judge of Tripoli stated about a child who has committed qazf: He was not implicated inhadd punishment, however, punitiveness runs about him(ibnborraj, 1406 AH: 546).AllamehHelli writes regarding punitive decree: there is no assignment for Sabi, however, it is obligatory punish him because it is of interest to punish (Helli, 1419 AH: 554).He also allowed to punish children about crimes such as theft Gazf (the Helli, 1422 AH: 403 and 351). Among contemporary jurists,imam Khomeini about a child who is committed Gazf, wrote: about a discerning minor and punishment have an impact in him, so he will be punish by judge's votes (Mousavi Khomeini, 1390 AH: 472). The aim of ta'zir of children is not the punishment to be implemented for adults and mature individuals,it meansa kind of punishment that is milder than adult's ta'zir. It has different aspects and its ownprovisions. In fact, it isa particular stage of education is mostly used for correcting and training not criminal and penal aspects. The following evidence can prove this claim:firstly,implementation oftazirwhich is considered as punishment likehudud are contingent on conditions such as puberty, wisdom, discretion, knowledge of the legal requirements, and intention to commit guilt and such a things(tabatabai, 1412 AH: 118; Khoei, 1396 AH: 337).So, there is notconditions of implementation of Tazir for undiscerning minor who do not have reached puberty and the understanding and absolute discretion. Secondly, some jurisprudents have explicitly stated thattazir punishment that is imposed on adults and mature individuals cannot be run on child (IbnIdris Al-halli 1410 AH: 443 and 516; Ardabili, 1416 AH: 350; Mousavi Khomeini, 1390 AH: 626; Najafi, 1363: 637).Thirdly, as mentioned in the lexical definition of ta'zir and punitiveness, these two terms interchangeably are used in many cases and have similar meanings. punitivenessis a special type of ta'zir that is mostly used for correcting and training and children Offenders. Therefore, in some issues related to Sabi and insane'spunitivenessand punishment, some jurisprudents have used punitiveness, while others on the same issue, have used the Tazir, and probably the same person expressedpunitiveness elsewhere, that is, it is possible that the jurist be used both punitiveness and Tazir in a similar case (Mofid, 1410 AH: 788; Tousi, 1970 AH: 307; Helli, AH 1410: 177; Najafi, 1363: 379, 414 & 418). Thus, considering the terms of jurists and the use of punitivenessand ta'zirterms we can say that since thechildren are not eligible to apply ta'zir and punitiveness, intended ta'zir which is usedfor them is just means to punitiveness with the aim of correcting and training, while, Tazir which is used for adults as punishment is different with it. Fourthly there are narrations that child is punish if heneglecting learning or doing something that is recommended for him. As an example Imam Sadiq (as) is quoted: you must teach her performing ablution and prayer when the child reached the age of nine, beat herif necessary (Alharolamely, n.d: 13).In addition, referring to the existing explanations and interpretations of the great Islamic scholars, regarding the hadith of Raf' al-qalam can resolve this competition. Ayatollah Golpayeganihas stated: hadith of Raf' al-qalam prohibit punishment and assignment and therefore is not attributable, but it does not negatepunitiveness that could causeharam in the future(khoei, n.d: ). 4. Implementation oftazir punishment for child in ImamiyahJurisprudence According to some narrations, children are punished if they commit crimes which adults deserve to Hadd and Qisas, etc. by doing them.in this regard, there are some spiritual narratives that Shia jurists have also issued jurisprudential decrees (fatwas) based on them in different fields of jurisprudence. We investigate some related crimes and hadiths in the following Death penalty Qisas is one of the Islamic penal institutions, which causes serious crimes such as intended Murder and attempted murder in the first degree and crime on limbs Qisas. The enforcement of Mohaddese Yahyapour 1496
4 Qisas, is depend on certain requirements that without them Qisas will be canceled and converted into the blood money (Diyah).Some of these conditions is related to the murderer and others is related to the victim. The exemption of children from Qisas is expressed in severalnarratives.in some narratives removed have prohibitedqisas of childrenexplicitly, and some other minors' intentional crimes is considered as fault decree and Diyah is the responsibility of the parents of the child. Among the narrations which have been explicitly prohibited Qisas of the child is narration that Sokooni is narrated from Imam Sadiq (as) that is follows: Imam Ali (as) about a boy who was involved with a man to kill another man said: If the boy has five square inchheight, then Qisas should be applied, otherwise, must be paid blood money (al-hur al-aamili, n.d: 66). It should be noted that judging from stature is irrelevant and only is considered as a way to diagnose puberty, and the aim was confirmation of the puberty the boy. This means that if the boy came of age, Qisas should be applied and if you have not yet reached puberty should pay blood money. Another narrativesconsider same both intentional and unintentional of murder and according to them Diyah is the responsibility of the child's parents, for instance in Sahihe Muhammad ibn Muslim, Imam Sadiq stated: Intentional and unintentional murder of child is identical (al-hur al-aamili, n.d: 307). Also in another hadith states: Imam Ali (as) said that intentional and unintentional murder of child is identical and Diyah is the responsibility of the child's parents (al-hur al-aamili, n.d: 307).In a hadith from Imam Sadiq (as) also expressed: Child and insane crime is the responsibility of their parents (Nouri, 1408 AH: 243).In another narration reads: Qisas should not be applied for children and their intended murder is wrong and the wise person should be responsible for the blood money(al-hur al-aamili, n.d: 418; Saduq, 1415AH: 521).Based on these narratives and other similar one, the contemporary Shia jurists have issuedto prohibit the children death and limbs Qisas(Tousi, 1351: 15; IbnIdris Al-helli, 1410 AH: 369; Helli, 1422 AH: 463; Ardabili, 1416 AH: 9).In this regard, Helli writes: If a undiscerning minor does a compulsive Murder, is considered as reluctant (Mokreh) Qisas and there is not Qisas punishment if the murderer be a discerning minor and the wise person should be responsible for the blood money(helli, 1409: 975).Other scholars have also expressed similar statements in relation to the child's reluctance to the murder (Najafi, 1363: 48; Khoei, 1396 AH: 13) Zina (Adultery) In Wasa'il al-shia which is a reputable book of hadith in Shia Islam, Shaikh al-hur al- Aamilialong with narratives collected associated withthehadd for adulteryhas concluded a title entitled: In this title isnoted5 narratives which refer Sabipunishment of discerning minor. For example, in Sahihe Aba Basirhe asked Imam Sadiq (pbuh) to clarify what is the verdict of a boy who has reached puberty and is committed adultery? Imam said: He must whip less thanhadd punishment (al- Hur al-aamili, n.d: 362). MohaddesNoori in Mustadrak al-wasa'ilhas collected narratives. As an example, in a hadith from Imam Sadiqcomes: In the case of adultery, there is no Hadd punishment for children but they are severely punished"(noori, 1408: 46). Also, in this respecthave been collectednarrations in Kafientitled: In this title narrated by Imam Sadiq (as) about a minor boy who commits adultery with a mature women, said: The boy should be punished to less thanhadd punishment, and Hadmust be run about the woman (Kleene, 1367: 180). The following hadith have questions about a minor girl who committed adultery that Imam answers: The girl should be punished to less thanhadd punishment, and Hadd must be run about the man (Kleene, 1367: 180).Ijma (consensus) of Shia jurisprudents on this basis thatgeneral conditions of assignment isessential in the divinely ordained hudud penalties, whetherhadd punishment for zina, theft and etc.(toosi, 1351: Mohaddese Yahyapour 1497
5 2-4; Helli, 1422 AH: 303; Khoei, 1396 AH: 169; Mousavi Khomeini, 1390 AH: 456), although, they always have been allocated to the punishment of minor children who commit such horrendous crimes. Since, committing such crimes have been regarded in the Quran and hadiths of the PBUH infallible from major sins explicitly, and also due to the very serious consequences of committing these crimes by children to society and its people, the majority of jurists issued fatwas to punish children in such cases (IbnIdrisAlhelli 1410: 443; Shirvani, 1384: 12). Some contemporary jurists were also determined the amount and type of punishment and written in this regard: Beating five or six light hit to the child to punish and for his own goodis permitted(khoei, 1396: 340). CONCLUSIONS Considering the total content were investigated in this study about punishment children and lunatics in ImamiyaFiqh, we can summarize the results in a few paragraph: 1. The principle of innocent of children and lunatics from criminal liability has been accepted as a general rule in ImamiyaFiqh and Iran criminal law. Islamic jurists and lawyers believe that having Ahliyyat is necessarily to be responsible of human and they are named a series of physical and mental abilities to take responsibilities any person as general conditions of assignment or Ahliyyat (demonym). Jurisprudents have briefed them in the four elements including maturity, wisdom, authority and knowledge regarding the legal requirements. Having general conditions of assignment or Ahliyyat may be the basis for criminal liability andthe legitimacy to impose any type of penalty that society imposes on offenders for committing a crime. Accordingly, children and lunatics are exempt to tolerate anypunishments and sentences. The main reason to exemptchildren and lunatics from criminal liability is hadith of Raf' al-qalam and lack of Ahliyyat. As well as, the lack of menswearin a crime as one of the most important constituent elements of crime - legal, physical and spiritual elements- is considered as the legal basis of the principle of no criminal liability of children and lunatics. 2. Childhood refers to the first stage of the multiple stages of the human life whichinvolve the beginning of birth to adolescence and is divided into two discerning and undiscerning periods. From the perspective of jurists and lawyers the minimum age for discerning is seven, but there may be some children reach the age of discerning earlier or later. It is impossible to consider the exact the maximum age of discerning, that is they do not agree about reaching puberty. The Islamic Penal Code also did not provide a definition of discerning and does not specify a minimum age for it, only to follow the famous Imamiyeh Jurists has decreedthat girls begin pubertyin9 ages and slaves 15 ages. In any case, the child is undiscerning before the age of seven and there is no criminal liability and punishment for them if they committed a crime in this time. This stage of childhood is among factors that completely prohibit criminal liability.the discerning period begins from the age of seven and continued until the age of puberty.in this stage, having discerning power is questionable, if it would be confirmed the child has the ability to accept a less extent of criminal liability and in case of committing crimes should be punished, but this punishment has a punitive and educational feature, not criminal. 3. The effect of eliminating criminal liability of the insane causes exemption from punishment, however, lack of criminal liability for insane and those who have committing crimes, does not mean that they are always free to do whatever they want to do, but society has the right and can adopt preventive measures and Security and Corrective Measures against threats and vulnerabilities that these people have for social and the rights of people and lunatics are required to accept this act. It should be noted that obligation of insane offenders to accept such measures is not represent their fault and responsibility, it is because of the danger that may threaten social and people once again. Mohaddese Yahyapour 1498
6 REFERENCES 1. Ardabili, M., General Criminal Law, Tehran, Mizan. pub. 1393; 2. Mousavi Khomeini, Ruhollah, Sahifeh Noor, Tehran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, SH: 1361; 3. Mousavi Khomeini, Ruhollah, Esteftaat Qom, pub. the Association of Teachers, SH: 1381; 4. IbnIdris Al-helli, AbiJa'far, Alsrayr, Qom, MoasseseyeAl-Nashr al-islami, AH: 1410; 5. IbnBorraj, Abdul Aziz (Judge), Almahzab, Qom, MoasseseyeAl-Nashr al-islami, AH: 1406; 6. Ardabili, Ahmed (scholar), Majma al- Faedeva al-borhan, Qom, pub. the Association of Teachers, AH: 1416; 7. Al-Hur al-aamili, M, Wasa'il al-shia, Beirut:dar al-ehya al-turath al-'arabi, n.d; 8. Helli, J. Hasan (MohaqqeqHelli), Sharaye Al-Islam, Qom, pib. Esteghlal, 1409; 9. Helli, Hasanibn Yusuf, Ghavaed Al- Ahkam, Qom, MoasseseyeAl-Nashr al-islami, AH: 1419; 10. Helli, Hasanibn Yusuf, Tahrir Al- Ahkam, Qom,MoasseseyeImamSadiq (as), AH: 1422; 11. Helli, Hasanibn Yusuf, Mokhtalef al-shi'a, Qom,MoasseseyeAl-Nashr al-islami, AH: 1419; 12. Helli, HasanibnYusuf,Ershad al-azhan, Qom, MoasseseyeAl-Nashr al-islami, AH: 1410; 13. Khoei, A., Musbah Al Fuqaha'a, Qom, Maktaba Al-davari, n.d; 14. Khoei, A., MabaniTakmelat al Menhaj, Qom, al-matbaʻah al-ilmiyah, AH: 1396 ; 15. Saduq, M., Almoghana, Qom, MoasseseyeImam al-mahdi (AS), AH: 1415; 16. Tousi, M., Al Mabsout, Qom, Maktaba Almortazaviyah, SH: 1351; 17. Tousi, M., Alnahayah, Dar-ol-kotob-el- Arabial, AH: 1390 / AD: 1970 AD; 18. Tousi, M., Tahdhib al-ahkam, Beirut, Dar al-taʻaruf, AH: 1401 / AD: 1981; 19. Ameli, Z., (ShahidSani), Masalek al-efham fi SharheSharayah Al-Islam, Qom, MoasseseyeAl-Ma'aref Al-Islamiyah, AH: 1419; 20. Ameli, Mohammed bin Jamaluddin, Maki (ShahidAval), al-qawaidva al-favaed, Qom, MaktabiyaMofid pub., n.d; 21. KarimiJahromy, A.,Aldar al manzood fi ahkam al hudud, Darul Quran Al Kareem, Qom, 1412; 22. Nouri, H.,Mustadrak al-wasa'il, Beirut,Moasseseye Al albeitlahaya al trath, AH: 1408, AD: Mohaddese Yahyapour 1499
Comparative Study of Duress in Certain Religious Penalties in Imami Jurisprudence and Islamic Penal Code
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 9, No. 5; 2016 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Comparative Study of Duress in Certain Religious Penalties in Imami
More informationToleration-Based Criminal Policy in Case of Murder of a Child by Father under Iran s Criminal Law
J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci., 5(3)16-21, 2015 2015, TextRoad Publication ISSN: 2090-4274 Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences www.textroad.com Toleration-Based Criminal Policy in Case
More informationConflict between Confession and the Testimony When Proving Murder
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 9, No. 6; 2016 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Conflict between Confession and the Testimony When Proving Murder
More informationBarriers to Heritage
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(11): 1084-1088, 2011 ISSN 1991-8178 Barriers to Heritage Mohammadi Mohammad Bandar Gaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Gaz, IRAN. Abstract: Including
More informationThe Representation of Women in Arbitration in Iranian Legal System
International J. Soc. Sci. & Education 2014 Vol.5 Issue 1, ISSN: 2223-4934 E and 2227-393X Print By Assistant Professor of University of Tehran Abstract After Islamic revolution in Iran, women s judgment
More informationIran Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 12 September 2012
Iran Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 12 September 2012 Reports of convictions for apostasy in Iran within the last 5 years A Danish Immigration Service fact-finding
More informationPerjury and Its Effects in the View of Jurisprudence and Criminal Law
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 9, No. 9; 2016 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Perjury and Its Effects in the View of Jurisprudence and Criminal
More informationA Comparative Study of Retaliation (Qisas) in the Imamia and Hanafi Schools
Technical Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Available online at www.tjeas.com 2013 TJEAS Journal-2013-3-21/2860-2864 ISSN 2051-0853 2013 TJEAS A Comparative Study of Retaliation (Qisas) in the
More informationEmail: a_bagheri41@yahoo.com Email: alialiabady2001@yahoo.com Email @yahoo.com [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] The Rule of Presumption of Possession and Liability for Benefits Ahmad Baqeri
More informationTHE RESPONSIBILITY OF SABAB CAUSE AND ACCOMPLICE IN COMPENSATION
Survey of Malaysian Law ISSN: 0217-3239 Vol.14, Issue 1, 2017 Availed online on http://puum-my.org/ Article THE RESPONSIBILITY OF SABAB CAUSE AND ACCOMPLICE IN COMPENSATION Farve Adl 1, Gholamreza Arefian
More informationWitness and Testimony Conditions under Iranian Law and Jurisprudence
International Academic Institute for Science and Technology International Academic Journal of Politics and Law Vol. 2, No. 1, 2017, pp. 1-7. International Academic Journal of Politics and Law www.iaiest.com
More informationReview of Jurisprudence and Legal Status of the Expediency and its Effects on Laws of Shiite and Hanfieh Jurisprudence and the Statute Book
Review of Jurisprudence and Legal Status of the Expediency and its Effects on Laws of Shiite and Hanfieh Jurisprudence and the Statute Book Abstract Homa Shakibaei Moazam MA student, Islamic Azad University,
More informationJournal of Applied Science and Agriculture. Prisoners Sentenced to Death for Organ Donation from the Perspective of Jurisprudence and Islamic Law
AENSI Journals Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture Journal home page: www.aensiweb.com/jasa/index.html Prisoners Sentenced to Death for Organ Donation from the Perspective of Jurisprudence and Islamic
More informationA SURVEY ON PHYSICIANS COMMITTED ACTS EXEMPTION IN IMAMI JURISPRUDENCE
: 1434-1446 ISSN: 2277 4998 A SURVEY ON PHYSICIANS COMMITTED ACTS EXEMPTION IN IMAMI JURISPRUDENCE MOHAMMAD ALI GHORBANI 1: Department of Islamic jurisprudence and Law introduction lahijan branch, Islamic
More informationWill of Persons without Heir in the Iranian Law and Imamiyya Jurisprudence
Jurisprudential Researches / 13 (2) / Summer 2017 1 Will of Persons without Heir in the Iranian Law and Imamiyya Jurisprudence Mohammad Hassan Sadeqi Moqaddam 1, Seyyed Reza Amiri Sararoudi 2 1. Full Professor
More informationJuridical and Legal Investigation of Famine Year in Limit Theft
Juridical and Legal Investigation of Famine Year in Limit Theft Hossein Davarzani *1, Pardis Shareyati and Sedigheh Hatami Assistance Professor of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, University
More informationA Traditional- Historical Investigation of the Frequent Divorces of Imam Hassan
The History of Islamic Culture And Civilization Vol. 7, Autumn 2016, No. 24 168 A Traditional- Historical Investigation of the Frequent Divorces of Imam Hassan Syed Hassan Ghazavi Zahra Sadat Hoseini Semnani
More informationAlgeria Bahrain Egypt Iran
Algeria The constitution provides for freedom of conscience and worship. The constitution declares Islam to be the state religion and prohibits state institutions from behaving in a manner incompatible
More informationCheck apostasy, from the perspective of jurisprudence and legal
Scientific Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (2014) 3(3) 145-149 ISSN 2322-2956 doi: 10.14196/sjpas.v3i3.1268 Contents lists available at Sjournals Journal homepage: www.sjournals.com Review article
More informationConcept of Abetment in the IPC (2013)
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 10, No. 2; 2017 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Concept of Abetment in the IPC (2013) Mahmood Rooholamini 1 1 Faculty
More informationIslam: Governing Under Sharia
Islam: Governing Under Sharia March 14, 2005 How have various Muslim countries applied sharia? Sharia, or Islamic law, influences the legal code in most Islamic countries, but the extent of its impact
More informationInvestigating possession of human blood as a property in Iran s law with regard to legal and Islamic jurisprudential commentaries on organ transplant
Investigating possession of human blood as a property in Iran s law with regard to legal and Islamic jurisprudential commentaries on organ transplant Mohsen DORRANI 1 Abbas TAGHVAEE 2 Abstract A question
More informationQom Islamic Azad University Faculty of Humanities
Editorial Board: Qom Islamic Azad University Faculty of Humanities Specialized Quarterly Studies for Jurisprudence and Philosophy Year 6, Number 21, Spring (2015) License-Owner: Qom Islamic Azad University
More informationThe nature of vengeance and its legal effects
1 Fiqh va Mabani-ye Hoghugh-e Eslami, Vol. 47, No. 1, Spring & Summer 2014 The nature of vengeance and its legal effects Ali Akbar Izadifard 1*, Mohammad Mohseni Dehkalani 2 and Fateme Babania 3 (Received:
More informationMAGNT Research Report (ISSN ) Vol.3 (1). PP:
A Comparative Study of the Fundamentals of Expropriation in the Laws of Iran and Islamic Jurisprudence Sajjad Abi Nasrabadi 1 and Alireza Lotfi 1* 1Department of Law, Germi Branch, Islamic Azad University,
More informationBasics of Public Punishment in Iran s Jurisprudence and Law
International Academic Institute for Science and Technology International Academic Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 3, No. 7, 2016, pp. 42-51. ISSN 2454-3918 International Academic Journal of Social Sciences
More informationCorruption on Earth in Iranian Law
2014, TextRoad Publication ISSN: 2090-4274 Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences www.textroad.com Corruption on Earth in Iranian Law Abbas Ganjeh Ajirlou 1, Saleh Farhadi 2, Dr.Mahamad
More informationPresented By: Musawar Hussain
Presented By: Musawar Hussain Passing of knowledge and authority through divine Imams The Sunni Great Scholars & the gap Imam Mahdi(a.s) during minor and major concealment (ghaibat) Names of great Shia
More informationChild's Privacy Jurisprudence and International Instruments
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 9, No. 7; 2016 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Child's Privacy Jurisprudence and International Instruments Zahra
More informationWomen and Islam Week#6. By Dr. Monia Mazigh, Fall 2017
+ Women and Islam Week#6 By Dr. Monia Mazigh, Fall 2017 + What does Sharia mean? In Arabic, Sharia "the path," or "a road that leads one to water." It refers to a set of principles that govern the moral
More informationStudy repentance in the of Imam Jurisprudence and Iran Law through looking the Islamic Criminal Law 2014
International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 2015 Available online at www.irjabs.com ISSN 2251-838X / Vol, 9 (2): 229-236 Science Explorer Publications Study repentance in the of Imam Jurisprudence
More informationBackground article: Sources, Shari'a
C.T.R. Hewer: GCSE Islam, Sources, Shari'a, Background 1, page 1 Background article: Sources, Shari'a Shari'a life on the path to Paradise It was the duty of prophets who were given a new scripture to
More informationQom Islamic Azad University Faculty of Humanities
Editorial Board: Qom Islamic Azad University Faculty of Humanities Specialized Quarterly Studies for Jurisprudence and Philosophy Year 5, Number 17, Spring (2014) License-Owner: Qom Islamic Azad University
More informationJudicial Viewpoint about Narcotic Crime Contest
Judicial Viewpoint about Narcotic Crime Contest Forouzan Alaeinovin PH.D, Department of Religious Jurisprudence and Islamic law, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran Email: Forozan.novin@yahoo.com
More informationSLIDES file # 2. Course No: ISL 110 Course Title: Islamic Culture Instructor: Mr. Taher Shah Hussain Chapter 1 : Sources of Islamic Legislation
SLIDES file # 2 Course No: ISL 110 Course Title: Islamic Culture Instructor: Mr. Taher Shah Hussain Chapter 1 : Sources of Islamic Legislation SOURCES OF ISLAMIC LAW QUR AAN SUNNAH AL-IJMAH QIYAS Al-Ijtihad
More informationFreedom of Thought and Expression in Iran: A Comparative Study of the. This research is a comparative study on the freedom of thought and
Freedom of Thought and Expression in Iran: A Comparative Study of the ICCPR, Islamic Law and Iranian laws This research is a comparative study on the freedom of thought and expression within the International
More informationAdvances in Environmental Biology
AENSI Journals Advances in Environmental Biology ISSN-1995-0756 EISSN-1998-1066 Journal home page: http://www.aensiweb.com/aeb/ Analyzing the Problem on the Theory of Marhoom Akhond khorasani in Devotional
More informationValue Migration, Status and Functions: A New Classification in Shiite Political Culture
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 9, No. 4; 2016 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Value Migration, Status and Functions: A New Classification in Shiite
More informationCriminal Accountability and Juvenile Offenders : A Study Under Islamic Principles, International Law and the Children Act, 2013
ISSN: 2308-5096(P) ISSN 2311-620X (O) [International Journal of Ethics in Social Sciences Vol.3, No. 2, December 2015] Criminal Accountability and Juvenile Offenders : A Study Under Islamic Principles,
More informationRevista Publicando, 5 No 15. (2). 2018, ISSN
The Jurisprudential Challenges of Accessory and Complementary Mohammad Javad Heidari 1 *, Mohammad Nozari Ferdosieh 1, Mohammad Mahdi Abdi 1 1 University of Qom, Iran, mohammadmahdiabdi@yahoo.com ABSTRACT
More informationCrime and Punishment
Crime and Punishment Write down the meaning of these keywords Sin An act against the will of God Crime An action against the criminal law Reform Using punishment to help people not to offend again and
More informationDigest Message Digest Message
Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His prophets and messengers ring Prophet Muhammad, and his family and his companions vanity in Miami and followed them and traced their mark the Day
More informationMohd Farid Mohd Sharif. Ibn Taymiyyah on Jihád and Baghy. Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011.
Mohd Farid Mohd Sharif. Ibn Taymiyyah on Jihád and Baghy. Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2011. This book provides a scholarly examination of two highly controversial and widely misunderstood
More informationResearch Paper Series
University of Essex Research Paper Series New Islamic Penal Code of the Islamic Republic of Iran: An Overview 31 March 2012 Author: Mohammad Hossein Nayyeri 2 This research paper provides an overview of
More informationStudy of Athletes civil liability in Iranian law.
Study of Athletes civil liability in Iranian law Peiman Latifi 1, Abdollah Ghaderi 2, Shahzad Abdolhoseini rouzbahani 3 1. Department of law, University of Tabriz, Iran Email: peyman.latifi@yahoo.com 2.
More informationLouisiana Law Review. Cheney C. Joseph Jr. Louisiana State University Law Center. Volume 35 Number 5 Special Issue Repository Citation
Louisiana Law Review Volume 35 Number 5 Special Issue 1975 ON GUILT, RESPONSIBILITY AND PUNISHMENT. By Alf Ross. Translated from Danish by Alastair Hannay and Thomas E. Sheahan. London, Stevens and Sons
More informationUlum-i Hadith. [Hadith Sciences] Scientific Research Quarterly. Propriator: Executive Manager: English Section: Correspondence Address:
Ulum-i Hadith [Hadith Sciences] Scientific Research Quarterly Vol.18, No.4, Des 2013 -Mar 2014 Propriator: Managing Director and Editor-in-Chief: Vice-Editor-in-Chief: Executive Manager: English Section:
More informationThe Role of Religion in the Constitution of Iran 1
THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN THE CONSTITUTION OF IRAN Dr. Abdolrahim Gavahi The Role of Religion in the Constitution of Iran 1 The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is prepared and approved
More informationThe Need for Law and Justice. Judgement the act of judging people and their actions
The Need for Law and Justice Crime an act against the law Judgement the act of judging people and their actions Justice due allocation of reward and punishment/ the maintenance of what is right. Law rules
More informationA hesitation about the precept of changing intent of 'umrah tamatto` to hajje ifrād in women pilgrims
چکیده مقالات به زبان انگلیسی A hesitation about the precept of changing intent of 'umrah tamatto` to hajje ifrād in women pilgrims Mahdi Sajedi 177 چكيده مقالات به زبان انگليسى The following research has
More informationFatwa of Qaradawi allowing to fight Muslims!
Page 1 of 6 Fatwa of Qaradawi allowing to fight Muslims! Page 2 of 6 Page 3 of 6 Sheikh Yusuf al-qaradawi [Grand Islamic Scholar and Chairman of the Sunna and Sira Council, Qatar] Judge Tariq al-bishri
More information1 (pbuh) means "Peace Be Upon Him" and is a term of respect often said after referring to a prophet (particularly respectful for
Concerning the Prophet Muhammad's View of the Gospels from (an Interpretation of) the Earliest Arabic Sources In this writing we will be quoting from the Qur'an and Sahih-Bukhari, the most trusted collection
More informationCRITICISM OF HADITH IN THE LIGHT OF ABSOLUTISM TRADITION IN INTERPRETATION OF AL-FURQAN
CRITICISM OF HADITH IN THE LIGHT OF ABSOLUTISM TRADITION IN INTERPRETATION OF AL-FURQAN MOHAMMAD KAZEM RAHMAN SETAYESH 1, ZOHREH NARIMANI 2* 1. Member of Hadith and Quran Science Department, University
More informationIslamic Economics system In the Eyes of Maulana ABSTRACT
Maududi-An Analysis Farooq Aziz * and Muhammad Mahmud ** ABSTRACT Attempt has been made to investigate the Islamic Economics System from the perspectives of Maulana Maududi. He is one of the greatest thinkers
More informationMysticism and Jurisprudence
Mysticism and Jurisprudence Regulating and Correcting Laws to Comply with the Islamic Sharia 1 Dr. Haj Noor Ali Tabandeh Historical formation and configuration of Islam can be considered in two stages:
More informationWorld Scientific News
Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com World Scientific News 5 (2014) 54-58 EISSN 2392-2192 Moral standing of Heart from the view of the Koran Hosein Rahmani Tirkalai Department of Theology, Payame
More informationIn The Name of God. The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 33, Autumn 2010
In The Name of God The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 33, Autumn 2010 Under Supervision of: (affiliated to the Jame'at al-mustafa al-alamiyyah) Imam Khomeini College
More informationA Comparison of the Shari ah and the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in International Business Transactions
American Bar Association (ABA) International Law, Summer 2015, Vol. 44 No.3 A Comparison of the Shari ah and the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in International Business Transactions
More informationDr. Ahmed Ali Al-Lozi Zarqa Private University, College of Law Jordan
Special Deterrence in the "Ta'zir" Crimes (Misdemeanors and Infractions), and its Impact on the Offender Rehabilitation between Shariahh and Law in Egypt, Jordan and Bahrain Dr. Ahmed Ali Al-Lozi Zarqa
More informationAQA GCSE Theme E - Crime and Punishment (Quiz 3)
Q GS Theme - rime and Punishment (Quiz 3) Score: 1. "With that, one of Jesus' companions reached for his sword, drew it out and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear" - Matthew 26:51
More informationCambridge International Advanced Level 9013 Islamic Studies November 2014 Principal Examiner Report for Teachers
ISLAMIC STUDIES Paper 9013/12 Paper 1 General Comments. Candidates are encouraged to pay attention to examination techniques such as reading the questions carefully and developing answers as required.
More informationThe Merits of Fasting and the Month of Ramadan Mohammad Ali Shomali
The Merits of Fasting and the Month of Ramadan Mohammad Ali Shomali The significance of fasting in Islam can be deduced from many verses of The Holy Qur'an. For example, the verses 2:45 reads: And take
More informationLegal Strategies to Resolve Problems of Marital Relationships in the Quran
Journal of Politics and Law; Vol. 5, No. 3; 2012 ISSN 1913-9047 E-ISSN 1913-9055 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Legal Strategies to Resolve Problems of Marital Relationships in the
More informationA Brief Study of Principles and Conditions of Certain Authorities of Religious Minorities in Iran s Law
Asian Social Science; Vol. 12, No. 3; 2016 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education A Brief Study of Principles and Conditions of Certain Authorities of Religious
More informationHOW ISLAM DEALS WITH CORRUPTION. Allah SWT mentioned
HOW ISLAM DEALS WITH CORRUPTION Allah SWT mentioned And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [they might aid] you [to] consume a portion of the
More informationA PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS OF PROHIBITION UTTERANCES IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF BUKHARI HADITH
A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS OF PROHIBITION UTTERANCES IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF BUKHARI HADITH RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For Getting Bachelor Degree of Education In
More informationCambridge International Advanced Level 9013 Islamic Studies November 2014 Principal Examiner Report for Teachers
ISLAMIC STUDIES Cambridge International Advanced Level Paper 9013/11 Paper 1 General Comments. Candidates are encouraged to pay attention to examination techniques such as reading the questions carefully
More informationSaghalain Researches / 1 (1) Spring
Saghalain Researches / 1 (1) Spring 2014 1 The Investigation and Criticism of Quranic Foundations of Ahmad Sobhi Mansour Regarding Quran as the Exclusive Source with the Emphasis on the Book: Al-Quran
More informationThe place of Ahlul-Bayt (as) in the Holy Qur'an and Islamic jurisprudence
The place of Ahlul-Bayt (as) in the Holy Qur'an and Islamic jurisprudence Sha'ban sobhani 1, Mohammad Raza Farimaneh 2, Hadi Borzooei 3 1. Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University,
More informationFANTASY ISLAM (KAFIR EDITION)
FANTASY ISLAM (KAFIR EDITION) John Esposito s fairy tale version of Islam. December 22, 2016 Dr. Stephen M. Kirby Fantasy Islam (Kafir Edition): A game in which an audience of non Muslims wish with all
More informationWays of Respecting Human Dignity in Islamic Law
Religious Inquiries Volume 6, Number 12, December 2017, pp. 85-103 Ways of Respecting Human Dignity in Islamic Law Sorayya Muniri, 1 Mohammad Reza Kazimi Golvardi 2 Received: 01-01-2017 / Accepted: 20-02-2017
More informationZina, Rape and Pregnancy: Rani v The State
Zina, Rape and Pregnancy: Rani v The State Summary of facts: At 7 months pregnant, Mst Rani lodged an F.I.R alleging Faqiro, aided and abetted by Rehmat raped her at knife point, which subsequently resulted
More informationTED ANTALYA MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2019
TED ANTALYA MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2019 Forum: SOCHUM Issue: Protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism Student Officer: Ali Başar Çandır Position: Co-Chair INTRODUCTION
More informationEmail: mhosseinzadeh@mail.uk.ac.ir [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Marriage with those possessing Holy Scriptures in Islamic jurisprudence and Iran s civil law Abdolreza Mohammad Hosseinzadeh Assistant
More informationNew Challenges in Asia
12 th Asian Law Institute Conference New Challenges in Asia 21 st Thursday & 22 nd Friday May 2015 Taiwan CHILD S RIGHT TO LIFE IN THE LIGHT OF THE OBJECTIVES OF ISLAMIC LAW (MAQASID AL- SHARI AH) Azizah
More informationRuling regarding the Guarantee of Safety provided by the Muslim to the disbeliever (non-muslim)
Ruling regarding the Guarantee of Safety provided by the Muslim to the disbeliever (non-muslim) Question concerning Alan Henning, the British held hostage by Islamic State in Iraq and Syria I was asked
More informationFarahnaz Mokhtari Department of Islamic Studies, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran. Sadra Alipour* Roghayyeh Vahdat
The Institutionalization of Religious Education in Adults with Besharah and Anzar Verses In the Holy Quran (Case Study: District Staff Education Urmia) Farahnaz Mokhtari Department of Islamic Studies,
More informationComparative Analysis of "Nature of Interpretation by Qur an Judgment" from Shia and Sunni Commentators' Perspective
Journal of History Culture and Art Research (ISSN: 2147-0626) Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol. 6, No. 3, June 2017 Revue des Recherches en Histoire Culture et Art Copyright Karabuk University
More informationImam Ghazali Approach in his Book al-mustasfa fi 'Ilm Al-Usoul
Imam Ghazali Approach in his Book al-mustasfa fi 'Ilm Al-Usoul Dr. Ahmad Mohammad Al Neif Ministry of Education Jordan Abstract Al-Mustasfa book portrayed the last degree of intellectual gradual stages
More informationWhy I will never support hudud in Malaysia Azrul Mohd Khalib
Why I will never support hudud in Malaysia Azrul Mohd Khalib OPINION Why I will never support hudud in Malaysia Published: March 19, 2015 07:33 AM Azrul Mohd Khalib MARCH 19 The tabling of the Shariah
More informationADMISSION/CONFESSION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISLAMIC AND PAKISTANI LAWS OF EVIDENCE
ADMISSION/CONFESSION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISLAMIC AND PAKISTANI LAWS OF EVIDENCE Dr. Rashid Ahmad Assistant Professor, Institute of Islamic and Arabic Studies, University of Peshawar Dr Hafiz Hifazatullah
More informationPolitical Science Legal Studies 217
Political Science Legal Studies 217 Islamic Law Origins of Islam Prophet Muhammed Muhammad ibn Abdullah (570 632 c.e.).) Born in what is today Saudi Arabia Received revelation from God in 610 c.e. Continued
More informationPresident Carter s Cabinet: 1979
President Carter s Cabinet: 1979 SILTMUN III Chair: John Paul Simon Political Officer: John Harlow Vice Chair: Eric Benson Lyons Township High School La Grange, Illinois 1 Welcome Delegates, Welcome to
More informationJ.KAU: Islamic Econ., Vol. 15, pp (1422 A.H / 2002 A.D)
J.KAU: Islamic Econ., Vol. 15, pp. 29-33 (1422 A.H / 2002 A.D) The Binding Unilateral Promise (wa d) in Islamic Banking Operations: Is it Permissible for a Unilateral Promise (wa d) to be Binding as an
More informationHadith Hadith Sciences
Hadith Hadith Sciences 1 / 6 2 / 6 3 / 6 Hadith Hadith Sciences Hadith Sciences - Quran & Hadith Compilation of Imam Ali's Words and the Classification of Nahj al- Balaghah. By: Muhammad Mahdi Mahrizi.
More informationSaghalain Researches
Saghalain Researches Vol. 2, No. 2 Summer 2015 Editorial Board: Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Hojati Professor, Tehran University Fath Allah Najjarzadegan Professor, Tehran University Mohammad Ali Mahdavi Rad
More informationQ & A on verse 4:59. What about the obedience of the ulu l amr in relation to that of the Messenger?
1 Q & A on verse 4:59 O you who believe! obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority from among you; then if you quarrel about anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you believe
More informationClosing Statement and Recommendations. For. International Conference on Mercy in Islam /04/1437 AH, Corresponding to 7-8/02/ 2016 AD
Closing Statement and Recommendations For International Conference on Mercy in Islam 28-29/04/1437 AH, Corresponding to 7-8/02/ 2016 AD 1 In the name of Allah, The All-Merciful, The Ever-Merciful All praise
More informationJURIDICAL INVESTIGATION OF HUMAN CLONING IN VIEW OF PRIMARY COMMAND MOHAMMAD ALI GHORBANI
: 1417-1433 ISSN: 2277 4998 JURIDICAL INVESTIGATION OF HUMAN CLONING IN VIEW OF PRIMARY COMMAND MOHAMMAD ALI GHORBANI 1 Department of Islamic jurisprudence and Law introduction lahijan branch, Islamic
More informationZina, Rape and Pregnancy
Zina, Rape and Pregnancy CASE NAME Rani v The State CITATION PLD 1996 Karachi 316 COURT Pakistan. Level of Court: Karachi, Criminal Appeal No 2 Names of Judges: DrGhous Muhammad, Rasheed Ahmed Razvi, JJ
More informationMethods and Methodologies in Fiqh and Islamic Economics. Muhammad Yusuf Saleem (2010)
1 Methods and Methodologies in Fiqh and Islamic Economics Muhammad Yusuf Saleem (2010) INTRODUCTION 2 Explains about methodology and methods of reasoning in fiqh and their applications to Islamic Economics
More informationCrime and Punishment in Islam (part 1 of 5): Introduction
Crime and Punishment in Islam (part 1 of 5): Introduction Description: A detailed discussion about the regulations Islam has set in regards to dealing with crime in society. Part 1: Introduction and the
More informationPost-Islamist Approach to Veiling: Islamic Hijab from an Ethical Perspective. Queen s University, March 2015
Post-Islamist Approach to Veiling: Islamic Hijab from an Ethical Perspective Queen s University, March 2015 . Unlike Islamists such as Ali Shariati and Ruhollah Khomeini, post-islamist reformists do believe
More informationPhil 108, August 10, 2010 Punishment
Phil 108, August 10, 2010 Punishment Retributivism and Utilitarianism The retributive theory: (1) It is good in itself that those who have acted wrongly should suffer. When this happens, people get what
More informationIn The Name of God. The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 35, Spring 2011
In The Name of God The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 35, Spring 2011 Under Supervision of: (Affiliated to the Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah) Imam Khomeini College
More informationETHICS OF PUNISHMENT EXECUTION AGAINST OFFENDERS IN ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAWS
ETHICS OF PUNISHMENT EXECUTION AGAINST OFFENDERS IN ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAWS Zurita Mohd Yusoff, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Fatimah Muliana Muda, Normadiah Daud, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin Wan Mohd
More informationInternational Commission of Jurists
International Commission of Jurists Asia Bibi s blasphemy case: Final plea for justice Questions and Answers October 2016 The International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) releases the following Questions
More informationThe Concept and Nature of Basic Model Values in the Islamic Text
International Journal of Management and Fuzzy Systems 2017; 3(4): 41-45 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijmfs doi: 10.11648/j.ijmfs.20170304.11 The Concept and Nature of Basic Model Values in the
More informationMARK SCHEME for the October/November 2012 series 2058 ISLAMIYAT. 2058/21 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 50
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Ordinary Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2012 series 2058 ISLAMIYAT 2058/21 Paper 2, maximum raw mark 50 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers
More informationAnalysis of the pros and cons of Shiite and Sunni on the effects of temporary marriage
AENSI Journals Advances in Environmental Biology ISSN-1995-0756 EISSN-1998-1066 Journal home page: http://www.aensiweb.com/aeb/ Analysis of the pros and cons of Shiite and Sunni on the effects of temporary
More information