In The Name of God. The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 35, Spring 2011

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1 In The Name of God The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 35, Spring 2011 Under Supervision of: (Affiliated to the Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah) Imam Khomeini College for Advanced Studies Executive Manager: Dr. Ahmad Moradkhani Editorial: Dr. Mohammad Mahdi Gorjiyan Board of Writers (Sort by Name): Ayatollah Ali Reza A'rafi (Head of Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah). Dr. Ya'qoub Ali Borji (associate professor at Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah; Islamic Jurisprudence and Principles Dept). Dr. Einollah Khademi (assistant professor at Shahid Raja'i University, Philosophy and Islami Wisdom). Dr. Nasser Rafee'ee Muhammadi (assistant professor at Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah; Traditions and Quranic sciences Dept). Dr. Ne'matollah Safari (assistant professor at Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah; History and Civilization of Islamic Nations Dept). Dr. Abulfazl Kiashemshaki (assistant professor at Amir Kabir University Tehran; Philosophy and Islami Wisdom). Dr. Mohammad Mahdi Gorjian (assistant professor at Jame'at-al-Mustafa al-alamiyyah; Islamic philosophy and Mysticism Dept). Dr. Ahmad Moradkhani (A High Education Lecturer at Islamic Seminaries in Qom; Islamic Jurisprudence and Principles Dept). Dr. Seyyed Ahmad Mir-khalili (assistant professor at Yazd University; Islamic Jurisprudence and Basiclow Dept). Dr. Ali Abbasi (assistant Professor at Jame'at-al-mustafa al-alamiyyah; Comparative Philosophy Dept). Printed articles merely indicate the writers' viewpoints. Quoting materials from quarterly will be permissible only if the quarterly is referred to as the reference. The quarterly is fully authorized to edit or summarize the articles. Address: Imam Khomeini College for Advanced Studies, Jihad Square, Qom, Iran. Tel: Fax: P-box:

2 5 \ The Scholarly Authority of Holy Infallible Imams According to the Two Islamic Schools Tehran Khaliluwich Muhammad Mahdi Gorjian 23 \ Perfection of Human Soul according to Sadraian Account Aladdin Malekov 47 \ A Preface to the Convergence of the Qur anic Verses and the Intellectual Reasons for the Existence of God Mustafa Sultani 65 \ A Research into the Inward Aspect of the Qur an Sayyid Shahgol Hussein Sajjadi Nasir Rafi i 85 \ The Shiite in the Qur an (The two Islamic schools on the seventh verse of Chap. Bayyenah) Muhammad Ya qub Bashawi Muhammad Ali Rezai 111 \ A Critical Study of the Bewitchment of Prophet in the Sunnite collections of Hadith Muhammad Aref Heidar Qazalbash Qasem Javadi 131 \ The Lineage of holy Fatima s Offspring in the Light of the Shiite and Sunnite Traditions Sayyid Alireza Alemi

3 Imam Khomeini Higher Education School, under the supervision of the Jame'at al-mustafa al-alamiyyah, started its activity in 1375 (Solar Hijrah) with the purpose of training non-iranian celergies, scholars and 'elites of religious fields, so that they can be prepared for some defined and assigned tasks such as propagating, teaching and researching about the Human Sciences and Islamic Sciences, as well as disseminating The Prophet and Ahl-e Bait's practice and tradition,on the basis of today's needs of the world's Muslims. To the present day, thousands of divine sciences and metaphysics seekers are taught and trained in various fileds such as Quranic, Feghi (jurisprudential) philosophical, discourse, tradition (hadith) and history courses, at the level of b.a. and m.a. Starting the doctrate level, Imam Khomeini Higher Education School has increased the variety of courses and also the depth of the existing knowledge. For the time being hundreds of graduates of this school are doing their divine duties all over the world. One of the unique characteristics of the school is the variety of nationalities who are experiencing different religions and sects before embracing Islam and Ahl-e Bait's school. This has caused great development and growth of researches among students and it has also resulted in creating religious knowledge and science based on the today's world's facts, providing a good atmosphere for exchanging ideas and approximation among different sects as well as different Islamic sciences. To this end, Imam Khomeini Higher Education School, published "Tolue-e Noor Quraterly" in 1381 as a specialized scientific periodical in the field of Islamic religions and sects for the purpose of comparing and evaluating the ideas of Islamic religions and sects. A more detailed goals of the quraterly are as follow: A. Clarifying the theoretical bases of Muslims' Unity, stressing the common views of Islamic religions and sects of the world. B. Recognizing the various status of Islamic sects and religions toward the problematic and controversial novelties of the world and showing the power of religion in answering such questions and issues. C. Introducing Islamic sects and religions and making Muslims acquainted with the diversity and dispersion of these sects and religions in the world.

4 D. Clarifying and emphasizing the vital role of Islamic sects and religions in the world today. E. Clarifying different methods of confrontation of Islamic sects and religions with atheist schools and ideas. F. Removing baseless doubts and defending the territory of Islam, stressing the Ahl-e Bait's school. G. Paving the ground for the professors and clergies, espcially non-iranian students, to do and present their researches. H. Clarifying viewpoints of Islamic religions and sects in the domain of Islamic social systems and human sciences.

5 English Abstracts The Scholarly Authority of Holy Infallible Imams According to the Two Islamic Schools Tehran Khaliluwich * Muhammad Mahdi Gorjian ** In what follows, the author deals with the guardianship of holy infallible Imams as to the issue agreed upon by the majority of Islamic sects. The authority of holy Imams as to the religious knowledge and understanding is taken for granted by all. This was the reason why Muslim scholars did not compare the two Islamic schools as to the issue in its demanded format; rather they went to study the accepted prerequisites drawing out the implications and conclusion highlighting no headings or references. The approximate approach followed in this essay focuses on the shared Islamic points thus the conclusion. A new sphere has thus been opened in front of the Islamic community which would elevate the Islamic culture. This sphere is not but our theoretical and practical pledge to follow the scholarly authority of holy infallible Imams of Ahl-u al-beit. Keywords: scholarly authority, Imam, understanding the Qur an, interpretation Perfection of Human Soul according to Sadraian Account Aladdin Malikov *** This article deals with the perfect man in Mulla Sarda s point of view. Mulla Sadra s metaphysics is a well-proportioned mixture of theological philosophical and mystical ideas of the past along with his intellectual innovations. * A Ph D. student of Islamic philosophy of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom. ** An associate professor of Baqir-u al- Ulum University, Qom. *** A Ph D. in Islamic Philosophy and Metaphysics, Tarbiat Mudarres University, Tehran.

6 Mulla Sadra has merged the verses of Qur an and Islamic traditions with the intellectual thoughts thus creating a well-balanced collection of ideas. In his Transcendent Metaphysics, the intellect is not contrary to tradition, nor logical proof to the Qur an, rather they assist and complement one another. In what proposed, the author has dealt with the perfection of human soul and particularly with the concept of perfect man in Mulla Sardra s point of view. Making use of his special principles such as Asalat-u al-wujud (priority of existence), trans-substantial motion, and the like, he was able to introduce the question of human mind into an unprecedented phase. Keywords: perfect man, grades of perfection, soul, intellect, guardianship, Mulla Sadra. A Preface to the Convergence of the Qur anic Verses and the Intellectual Reasons for the Existence of God Mustafa Sultani * Since the beginning of human life, mankind has lived along with theology and arguments for God s existence. People have studied the issue assuming different empirical, intellectual, and intuitional approaches. These three approaches have been acknowledged by the Qur an. In what presented here, the author is about to brief the Qur anic arguments such as those from design, motion, temporal creation, necessity and contingency, cause and effect, and innate nature without any interpretation or explanation. Mention is made to the source of such philosophical and theological arguments in the Qur an. The conclusion is that those arguments have their roots from the Word of Allah. NO Keywords: knowing God, to prove God, argument from design, argument from motion, argument from temporal creation, and argument from the innate nature. * A faculty member of Religions and Religious Sects University.

7 A Research into the Inward Aspect of the Qur an Sayyid Shahgol Hussein Sajjadi * Nasir Rafi i ** Having shed light on the definition of some related terms to the concept of the inward aspect of the Qur an, this paper proposes several traditions from the two Islamic schools to establish the concept. The author has collected the views of both Shiite and Sunnite scholars and then gone to critically assess them. He has also studied whether Qur an s inward aspect is understandable for the non-infallible, and if so, on some conditions they may occasionally do so. Keywords: inward aspect, interpretation, the two Islamic schools, the Shiite, the Sunnite. The Shiite in the Qur an English Abstracts (The two Islamic schools on the seventh verse of Chap. Bayyenah) Muhammad Ya qub Bashawi *** Muhammad Ali Rezai **** Good and evil have been two opposing movements since the creation of human beings. The proponents of good and right represented the concept of khair-u al- Bariyyah (the best people), nonetheless the proponents of evil and wrong represented Satanic works and shar-u al-bariyyah (the worst people). These two concepts are mentioned in the seventh verse of Chap. Bayyenah (khair-u al-bariyyah 3 * A Ph D. student for comparative Interpretation, al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom. ** An associate professor of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom. *** A Ph D. student of Comparative Interpretation, of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom. **** An associate professor of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom.

8 and shar-u al-bariyyah). In this paper, the author tries to find the real instances of the two historical movements from the celebrated references of the two Islamic schools. The frequent traditions of the two Islamic schools suggest that the mere instances of khair-u al-bariyyah are holy Imam Ali and his Shiites. Due to their recurrent ways of narration, these tradition are truly sound and above questioning. A close look into the occasion of revelation of the mentioned verse suggests that this verse has always been an expressive and enduring evidence to show the movement of khair-u al-bariyyah through history. Keywords: khair-u al-bariyyah, the Qur an, the Shiite, the Sunnite. A Critical Study of the Bewitchment of Prophet in the Sunnite collections of Hadith Muhammad Aref Heidar Qazalbash * Qasem Javadi ** Holy Prophet, according to Islamic doctrines, must be free from all kinds of errors mistakes slips and forgetfulness so that the authenticity of his words and instructions be guaranteed and compelling. This qualification is confirmed by some verses of the Qur an: He does not speak out of desire. It is just a revelation that is revealed to him. (al-najm: 4-5). The reports of the bewitchment of Prophet, however, is irreconcilable with his infallibility exposing him to error and mistake and creating challenging questions to be examined thoroughly. Is bewitchment reconcilable with infallibility? Is revelation protected in the state of bewitchment? Is it possible to have confidence in a prophet bewitched? In what follows, the contents and chains of reporters of such traditions along with the views of the Sunnite scholars are surveyed. NO Keywords: Prophet, bewitchment, bewitchment of the Prophet, the Sunnite. * A Ph D. student for comparative hadith studies, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom. ** A faculty member of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom.

9 The Lineage of holy Fatima s Offspring in the Light of the Shiite and Sunnite Traditions Sayyid Alireza Alemi * The offspring of holy Fatima are evidently recognized to come from the linage holy Prophet Muhammad. However, there are traditions in both the Shiite and Sunnite references vindicating not only their marriage relationship but also particularly their ancestral relationship to holy Prophet. In what follows, the author tries to comparatively examine this ancestral relationship in the light of the Sunnite traditions and those of Ahlulbeit. Keywords: holy Prophet Muhammad, holy Fatima s offspring, lineage, agnates, relatives through marriage. English Abstracts 5 * A Ph D. Student in the history of the Shiite of al-mustafa International University, Imam Khomeini Complex of High Education, Qom.

In The Name of God. The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 33, Autumn 2010

In The Name of God. The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 33, Autumn 2010 In The Name of God The Specialized Quarterly of Islamic Sects and Schools The Nine Year, No. 33, Autumn 2010 Under Supervision of: (affiliated to the Jame'at al-mustafa al-alamiyyah) Imam Khomeini College