Year 9 Religious Education Knowledge Book for Assessments

Transcription

1 Year 9 Religious Education Knowledge Book for Assessments

2 Instructions: Use the information in this booklet to make either a revision mind-map or a set of revision cards. Revision Cards: If you are making cards put a heading for the card on one side and the information that you want to remember on the other side. Once you have read through a card, turn it over and try to remember the information from memory. Eventually revise by just looking at the card titles and trying to recall the information without looking!

3 Mind-map: Make a mind-map for the topic that breaks the topic down into spurs and sub-spurs working out from the middle. 1. Once you have studied the mind map put it away and try to draw it again from memory. 2. Once you have drawn all that you can take the original mind map out again and add any details that you missed out on the map that you drew from memory. 3. Repeat this process until you can produce it perfectly from memory. Key Skills The assessments in RE are broken into 3 sections and each one requires different writing skills. 1. For the first section on your assessment paper be sure to write in full sentences and to use key words correctly. 2. For the second section make sure that you can explain yourself clearly using PEE chains. Make a POINT that answers the question. Give a piece of EVIDENCE that supports the point made and then EXPLAIN how the evidence supports the point that you made. 3. For the third section you need to give a structured argument in response to a statement about religious beliefs or practices so use 3 paragraphs FAP. The first paragraph should agree with the statement so it is a FOR paragraph. The second one should provide the opposite view so it is an AGAINST paragraph. The third one should be a summing up that gives your opinion so it is a PERSONAL paragraph.

4 TOPIC 1: Vocation Key words Prostrate Vocation Lying face down on the ground Calling from God Nun A member of a female religious order Seminary Contemplative order Laity Ordained Religious Order A place where vocation to the priesthood is developed and tested A religious order whose members spend their lives enclosed in prayer, work and worship The vast majority of the church- baptised people who have not received ordination. Those who have received the sacrament of holt orders A community of men or women who have taken religious vows and follow particular inspiration and ministry Vows Special promises Storge Affection love Eros Desire love Philia Friendship love Agape Selfless love Discernment Apostolic The prayerful process of discovering God s will for your life Connected to the Apostles

5 Lay ministries Nuptial mass Chrism Special works and services in the church provided by the laity A mass in which the sacrament of marriage takes place Scented oil used in baptism, confirmation and holy orders. The three features of Christian Vocation- All Baptised Christians ( Including Baptised Christians serving in their everyday lives) Priestly- The priestly role calls Christians to private worship at home and public worship at Church How can you incorporate worship and prayer into your everyday life? Prophet- All Christians are called to be a prophet- by spreading God s truth in the world. Christians are called to speak out against falsehood. What issues would a prophet speak out about today? King- All Christians are called to a kingly role, to be shepherds and guides to others How could you be a guide to others? Lay Ministries- Some Christians also volunteer to offer service in their parish or beyond. This is lay ministry. Lay ministry means Christian service in the Parish and wider community such as; Co-ordinating parish links in England to parishes overseas. Becoming a Confirmation catechist Helping out at Children s Liturgy Giving out Holy Communion (Eucharistic Minister) Altar Server Reading at Mass

6 Marriage Reasons why Marriage is important Four types of love STORGE- affection- love This describes the companionship and warmth between those who live close together. EROS- desire love This describes the desire a person feels for another. When someone says they are in love, it is this kind of desire love that is meant PHILIA- friendship-love This describes the bond of closeness between friends, the pleasure of similar interests, and sense of humour and so on. AGAPE- selfless love St Paul borrowed this word to describe the selfless love that wants what is best for another person, even if it costs you. 1) Sacrament = God gives the couple a special grace that makes them one. Their human love is made holy. This love is an image of God s love for his people 2) Life- long = God made them male and female. This is why a man must leave his parents, and the two become one body what God has united, man must not divide 3) Faithful = God intended that faithfulness in marriage would be a sign of his own faithfulness 4) Life- Giving- marriage is a life giving because love is life giving. A married couple must be open to accepting children as part of the life giving quality of married life. Bible passages about Marriage 1) It is not good that the man should be alone. I will make him a helpmate. (Genesis) 2) Husbands should love their wives just as Christ loved the church. (Ephesians) 3) What God has united, man must not divide (Mark). 4) You shall not commit Adultery. (Exodus). 5) A man joins himself to his wife, and they become one body. (Genesis). 6) In the image of God he created him, male and female he created them (Genesis).

7 Christian Vocations- The Ordained The Sacrament by which a man is made a deacon, priest or bishop is called Holy Orders or Ordination. The priest to be, is prostrate, completely down on the ground to symbolise that he accepts the call to serve in a special way. Later the Bishop will lay on hands over the priest in an ancient sign of calling down the Spirit of God. This silent moment is the actual sacrament. The candidate receives a special charism that makes him a) A preacher of God s word b) A leader in worship and minister of the sacraments c) A shepherd for God s people. A person will train to become a priest in a Seminary, a place where his vocation is tested and developed. It takes about 6 years to become a priest. Typical Daily Life of a priest: Pray in the morning Celebrate the Eucharist Baptisms, weddings and funerals Visit the sick Visit the local prison and offer Mass and chat to the inmates Hear confessions Help run Confirmation classes

8 Christian Vocations- The Religious Carmelite Nuns Carmelite Nuns are a Contemplative Order = a religious order whose members spend their lives enclosed in prayer, worship and work They Pray about 12 hours every day They are a religious order who clearly show love of God Evangelical Counsels = vows of poverty, chastity, obedience Religious Community = Nuns/ Monks Missionaries of Charity Religious Community = referred to as brothers/ sisters Founded by Mother Teresa They take the evangelical vows of poverty, chastity, obedience BUT also vow to Serve Others They help others for about 12 hours every day They have centres for the poor and homeless Missionaries of Charity are an Apostolic Order = a religious order, from the word apostle which means sent out.

9 Evaluation- Is one type of Christian Vocation more important than another? Use the template below to help you construct an argument Think of 3 reasons with examples why The ordained is the most important Christian Vocation One reason why the ordained is the most important Christian vocation is because Another reason why the ordained is the most important Christian vocation is because A final reason why the ordained is the most important Christian vocation is because Think of 3 reasons with examples why The Religious is the most important Christian Vocation. One reason why the religious is the most important Christian vocation is because Another reason why the religious is the most important Christian vocation is because A final reason why the religious is the most important Christian vocation is because Think of 3 reasons with examples why The Laity is the most important Christian Vocation. One reason why the laity is the most important Christian vocation is because Another reason why the laity is the most important Christian vocation is because A final reason why the laity is the most important Christian vocation is because Overall I think the laity/religious/ ordained is the most important Christian vocation because I also think this because Finally, I think this because..

10 Assessment 2: CONSCIENCE (& Vocation above) Conscience is your minds awareness and judgement of right and wrong. It s your very self tuning in to the law God wrote in the centre of your being. God s voice echoes in a believer s depths. The idea of conscience depends on the reality of free will. Free will means that in choices of right and wrong it is genuinely up to you. If one did not have free will, they could not be blamed or in any way be held responsible for their actions. FORMATION OF CONSCIENCE One s mind should develop and mature as they grow older. So too should their conscience. As a person grows older they should understand more deeply what is right and what is wrong and even why. A good sensitive conscience should be formed by education and it is a lifelong task. According to the Catholic teachings, the conscience should be educated in the following ways; The word of God found in Church teaching and scripture (The educator) Worship, prayer and reflection (Paying attention to the educator) The example and wisdom of experienced Christians (older pupil helping out a younger one) The Church teaches that one should follow their educated conscience as it is one s honest judgement about right and wrong in a particular situation

11 TEMPTATION Christians believe that every human being experiences the push and pull of temptations. Jesus himself was tempted in the wideness (Read Matthew 4:1-11) and in the Garden of Gethsemane (Read Luke 22:39-46) Use this link to access a Bible online: Temptation is not sin. To sin is to say yes to temptation something no person is forced to do. Temptations work like advertisements; they offer something appealing for example pleasure and power. The Church states three sources of temptations: i) The world which means routes to happiness through wealth and possessions, fame or fortune. ii) The flesh which means the tendency of our desires to go against our reason letting us give in to desires for sex, drugs or other stimulants. iii) The devil the ancient subtle deceiver who is implacably opposed to God s plan to save all souls Temptation is one of the unavoidable features of our fallen world. Refer to the fall in Genesis 3:1-24. Therefore, to resist temptation is to show faithfulness to God. A common Hebrew word for temptation is nasah, meaning test or trial. SIN God did not make good robots. He made humans free to accept or reject him. The tree of knowledge of good and evil is the symbol of this freedom. Eating the fruit is a symbol of radical disobedience against God. All humans descended from Adam and Eve and therefore take their fallen nature from them.

12 There are two types of sins i) Mortal or grave These are sins committed in full freedom, with full knowledge and consent. Such sins destroy friendship with God and require real repentance ii) Venial sins These are sins that do not deprive the souls of divine grace, either because they were not serious or were committed without intent. Forgiveness The story of Jesus is all about forgiveness. He called upon all people to repent which means to turn away from sin. He was very hard on sin but not sinners. Christians believe in God s mercy, baptism and reconciliation. The bible is full of stories about forgiveness. Can you think of some? Prodigal Son (Luke 15:11-32), Lost Sheep (Luke 15:3 7), Zacchaeus (Luke 19:1-10). Use this link to access a Bible online: MORALITY OF ACTS Human acts are either moral (a good act - something a person should do), immoral (a bad act -something a person should not do) or non-moral (neither good nor bad - it is a simple choice). In Church tradition, when you judge the morality (rightness/wrongness) of an act there are three things to think about: i) The act what was actually done ii) iii) The intention why the person did what they did The circumstances the situation the person was in when they acted For an act to be morally good or acceptable, all three things must be good or at least not harmful. Read about Intrinsic evil, mitigating circumstances and moral dilemmas.

13 Assessment 3: Poverty and Wealth (& Conscience & Vocation Above) Check you know the meanings of all the terms in the syllabus extract below. Religion, poverty and wealth Religious views of wealth and of the causes of hunger, poverty and disease 1 Wealth 2 Causes of hunger, poverty and disease 3 Responses to the needs of the starving, the poor and the sick Concern for others The uses of money Moral and immoral occupations 1 Biblical teaching about caring for others 2 Understandings of charity 3 Different ways charity is put into practice 1 Teachings about the use of money (e.g. gambling, lending) 2 Giving to charity 1 Concept of moral and immoral 2 Teachings about moral and immoral occupations 3 Impact of teachings on believers

14 Christian views of wealth Christians believe that all they have comes from God, and that we are stewards of this for him. Wealth is not necessarily banned or wrong it is how you use your wealth that is important. The love of money is thought to be wrong, and it is also thought to be evil to put money before anything else. The causes of poverty, hunger and disease. These are many and varied. Poverty is when your income falls below the poverty line, which is the amount you would need to cover all the expenses to allow you to live; food, water, shelter, clothing etc. In 2008 it was estimated 1.4 billion people lived below this line in the world. Poverty leads to other disadvantages such as poor education, and limited medical care. Natural disasters, unfair trade, countries debt, AIDs/HIV, limited education and lack of medical care all contribute to causes of poverty, hunger and disease. Christian responses to the needs of the starving, poor and sick. It says in the Bible, that loving all people especially the most vulnerable is a duty for all Christians. This should be shown in practical ways such as giving money, food, time as well as prayer. No one should make a profit out of others misfortune. Christians should be treating other people as if they were Christ himself, as it says in the parable of the sheep and goats, those people who have helped others, giving them food, water, visiting people in prison etc will be rewarded by God with eternal life (Parable of Sheep and Goats Matthew 25. Use this link to access a Bible online:

15 Biblical teaching about caring for others The underlying principle of the Gospels is Agape. It is a Greek word which means unlimited loving kindness to others that causes us to place their needs before ours, in other words as God loves people. This means not only giving time, and money to help people, but helping charities who help people. Understanding of Charity. When the Bible was first translated into English the word charity was very common, nowadays the word we see is love. Christian understanding of the word charity means to show God s love. Different ways charity is put into practise. Time, money, prayer, practical help, there are many Christian charities such as world vision, Christian Aid, CAFOD, all which help people in practical and spiritual ways, in the long term and for short term relief such as when there is a natural disaster. Christian teaching about the use of money Christians believe that at death you will take nothing with you, but that you do need money to survive in this life. However it is important not to put money before other things. Development of attitudes such as joy, peace, self-control, patience, love (fruits of the spirit Galatians ) are more important because God values them. Christians should also be good stewards of their money, using it to help their own families and other people. They should not waste it, neither should they use it for actions they consider morally wrong, such as buying illegal drugs, exploiting workers etc. The Romans Catholic church is against gambling completely, they would not take money from organisations like the National Lottery, but other Christians believe it is ok if it does not lead to addiction. Both the RC and Anglican churches believe that addictive gambling leads to personal and social damage. Lending money with high interest rates is against general teachings about the use of money. Usury(adding interest to loans) is forbidden in the OT, but generally Christians believe lending money with interest is fine in today s society but making excessive profits from doing so, is not.

16 Giving to Charity This includes time as well as money. Christians might support specific Christian charities knowing the money will be used in accordance with their faith (e.g. Christian Aid, World Vision), other may prefer to help charities to do with people as they are more important (Cancer Research UK), or animals because they cannot help themselves and need people t help them (Dogs Trust). Some Christians may Tithe their giving which is giving away 10% of their income to charity. They could do this by direct debit, so they are giving regularly every month. This helps the charities, as they know in advance how much money should be coming in. Charities may give out money boxes which people can keep at home, and many Christians who pay tax fill in gift aid forms which allows the charities to reclaim the tax back on the gift given which increases the person s donation at no cost to themselves. Christian teaching about moral and immoral occupations Neither the Bible or Christian churches list occupations that people can or cannot do. However people will interpret teachings, which make some jobs more acceptable than others. Many Christians believe that stewardship for the environment, and responsibility to care for people showing love, are key teachings therefore jobs such as doctors, nurses and teachers, vets and police officers fulfil this role. This also means that jobs which exploit people e.g. paying them low wages or working long hours are unacceptable in any industry that is considered. If a Christian thought abortion was wrong they would be unlikely to become a doctor that specialises in this type of practice, and would be unlikely to join the armed forces. Many Christians also believe they should not work on Sundays as one of the 10 commandments as to keep it special so this could stop someone from working in a shop. Other Christians may feel it is ok to work on a Sunday so long as time during the day is given to attending worship.

17 Bible Blitz! (quotes to help support the ideas above) No one can serve two masters you cannot serve both God and money (Matt 6:4) Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal (Matt 6:18-19) For the love of money is the root of all kinds of evil (1 Tim 6:10) Whoever loves money never has enough money; whoever loves wealth is never satisfied with his income (Ecclesiastes 5:10) Command those who are rich in this present world not to be arrogant nor to put their hope in wealth, which is so uncertain, but to out their hope in God, who richly provides us with everything for our enjoyment (1 Tim 6:17) If one of your countrymen becomes poor and is unable to support himself among you, help him as you would an alien (foreigner)..so that he can continues to live among you. You must not lend him money at interest or sell him food at a profit. (Leviticus 25: 35-37) If anyone has material possessions and sees his brother in need but has no pity on him, how can the love of God be in him? Dear Children let us not love with words or tongue but with actions and in truth. (1 John 3:17/8) If there is a poor man among your brothers in any of the towns of the land that the Lord has given you, do not be hardhearted or tight-fisted toward your poor brother. Rather be open-handed and freely lend him whatever he needs. (Deuteronomy 15:7-8) Each man should give what he has decided in his heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. (2 Corinthians 9:7) Each of you should look not only to your won interests, but also to the interests of others (Philippians 2:4) Carry each other s burdens, and in this way you will fulfil the law of Christ (Galatians 6:2) He who is kind to the poor lends to the Lord, and He will reward him for what he has done. (Proverbs 19:17) Jesus said How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God (Mark 10:23) When you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret (Matt 6: 3) A church that is solidarity with the poor can never be a wealthy church it must use it wealth.. for the sake of the least of Christ s brethren. (Archbishop Desmond Tutu) Remember PEE chains need quality evidence such as scripture to support argument!!!!!!