Church of Saint Philip Neri Pennsburg, PA February 5, 2017

Transcription

1 Church of Saint Philip Neri Pennsburg, PA February 5, 2017 Rev. Robert A. Roncase, Pastor Rev. Raymond W. Smart, retired; resident Deacon Michael J. Franks Deacon Mark J. Meinzer, Business Manager Rev. Edmond J. Speitel, Pastor Emeritus Rev. John J. Scarcia, Pastor Emeritus Shirley Misiak, Office Manager Catherine E. Faust, Director of Music Wendy Benner, Coordinator of PREP/Religious ED Tom Dewees, Director Catholic Family Life Center Dianne Linden, Administrative Assistant CFLC Anita Fuhs, Youth Minister Parish Phone Numbers: Rectory Youth Ministry Religious Education/PREP Catholic Family Life Center Parish Hall Fax Numbers: Rectory Religious Education/PREP Catholic Family Life Center Church & Rectory Address: 1325 Klinerd Rd; Pennsburg Hours: 9:00 AM 4:00 PM Address: Website Address: Religious Education Office address & hours: 26 E. Sixth Street, East Greenville, PA Monday & Friday: Offices are closed Tuesday & Thursday: 8:00 am 4:00 pm Wednesday: 12:00 pm 8:00 pm address: Neri Center Address 575 Main Street, East Greenville, PA Catholic Family Life Center Address 26 E. Sixth Street, East Greenville, PA address: Website Address: Youth Ministry Office hours: (East Greenville) Tuesday & Thursday: 9:00 am - 2:00 pm Wednesday: 2:00 pm - 6:00 pm address: youthministry@spnparish.org ROSARY: Prayed in the Chapel Saturday after the 9:00 AM Mass Monday at 1:00 PM EUCHARISTIC ADORATION 1 st Friday from 10:00 AM to 3:00 PM in the Chapel, followed by Benediction. FLORAL ARRANGEMENTS For a floral arrangement to be placed at the altar, please call the rectory. SUNDAY MASS SCHEDULE Saturday Vigil Mass 5:00 PM Sunday 7:30 AM; 10:00 AM Holy Day Masses as announced WEEKDAY MASS SCHEDULE - St. Anne Chapel The Chapel is open Monday thru Saturday until 7:00 PM for your visits to the Blessed Sacrament. Daily Mass is celebrated in the Chapel attached to the rectory: Monday - 5:00 PM Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday - 8:00 AM Saturday - 9:00 AM CONFESSIONS Saturdays: 4:00 4:45 PM Sunday: 9:15-9:45 AM or: at the Rectory BY APPOINTMENT anytime. BAPTISMS: Please call the Rectory to schedule 2 nd Sunday Baptisms are held at the 10 AM Mass 3 rd Sunday Baptisms are held at 11:30 AM SPONSORS: Sponsors for Baptism and Confirmation need to be at least 16 years of age, to be confirmed, attend Mass weekly, and if married, be in a valid marriage. PRE-JORDAN CLASSES Call the Rectory Office to schedule. MARRIAGES Arrangements should be made at least SIX MONTHS before the date of the wedding. NEW PARISHIONERS Welcome to your new home! Please stop by or call the rectory between 9:00 am - 4:00 pm to fill out a registration card. SHUT-INS Please call the Parish Outreach Office. SACRAMENT OF THE ANOINTING OF THE SICK Please call the Rectory. 059-St. Philip Neri, page 1

2 OUR PARISH MISSION STATEMENT We are the Catholic Parish Community of St. Philip Neri, answering Christ's call to discipleship through Word, Sacrament and Service. We proclaim God's hope and love to all. Serving at Mass February 12 Extraordinary Ministers Lectors 5:00 pm - Courtney Highleyman Bob Ellis Alice Swift Priest Deacon Doug DiTondo Linda DiTondo Linda Benko John Burke Dave Boone Teri Boone Michael Edleman Lisa Edleman 7:30 am - Barbara Jaruszewski John Gilmore Marlene Leidy T. Gilmore Priest Deacon Lori Brozena Trish Dornisch 10:00 am - Bob Hermley D. McCausland Jeanne Hermley A. Canigiani Priest Deacon Keith Greczek Stephanie Greczek Fifth Sunday in Ordinary Time February 5, 2017 Monday, February 6, Saint Paul Miki 9:00 am - 5:00 pm - Adoration in Chapel 5:00 pm - Terry Aston Tuesday, February 7 9:00 am - 7:00 pm - Adoration in the Chapel 8:00 am - Michael Dzurenda, (Don & Gail Fillman) Wednesday, February 8, Saint Jerome Emiliani Saint Josephine Bakhita 9:00 am - 7:00 pm - Adoration in the Chapel 8:00 am - In Thanksgiving to the Blessed Mother, (Peggy Bambrick) Thursday, February 9 9:00 am - 7:00 pm - Adoration in the Chapel 8:00 am - 30th Anniversary, Raymond R. Smart, (Son, Father Smart) Saturday, February 11 10:00 am - 4:00 pm - Adoration in the Chapel 9:00 am - 40th Anniversary, Stanley Misiak 5:00 pm - For the Living and Deceased Members of the Parish. SIXTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME February 12, :30 am - Irene Murphy, (Francis & Delia Grim) 10:00 am - Francine Moore, (McCausland family) FLOWERS/ROSES The Red Roses placed at the Sacred Heart Altar are in memory of Thomas Virus; requested by, Wife Judi, daughters and grandchildren. WE INVITE YOUR PRAYERS For the sick, those in hospitals, nursing homes, also for their caregivers; and all those we hold close in our hearts. Please pray in particular for: Linda Nichols, Michael Quigley & Mary Watko. For those who have died, and in particular for Dolly Flanagan, grant them eternal rest and peace. February 2017: This week at a glance Monday February 6 Adoration in the Chapel: 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Holy Rosary Hour 1:00 pm Chapel Tuesday February 7 Adoration in the Chapel: 9:00 am - 7:00 pm Boy Scouts 7:00 pm Parish Hall PREP/Religious Education First Reconciliation: 7:00 pm Church Wednesday February 8 Adoration in the Chapel: 9:00 am - 7:00 pm PREP/Religious Education 6:30 pm CFLC Thursday, February 9 Adoration in the Chapel: 9:00 am - 7:00 pm Pennsburg Nursing Home Mass 2:15 pm Friday - February 10 Adoration in the Chapel: 10:00 am - 7:00 pm Frontier Girls Meeting 7:00 pm Parish Hall Friday, February 10, Saint Scholastica 9:00 am - 7:00 pm - Adoration in the Chapel 8:00 am - Russell Giangiulio, (Mike Raab) 059-St. Philip Neri, page 2 Saturday - February 11 Adoration in the Chapel: 10:00 am - 4:00 pm Parish Breakfast setup 7:00 am Parish Hall

3 Sunday - February 12 Parish Breakfast 7:00 am -12:00 pm Parish Hall Children's Liturgy of the Word at the 10:00 am Mass Little Church 10:00 am Parish Hall Men's Basketball 8:00 pm Parish Hall PARISH NEWS SPN AT LARGE PARISH COUNCIL MEMBERS SPN Parish Council At-Large Members welcome any questions or comments you may have. Tony Bauer: ajbauer337@gmail.com Ray Carr: bigdaddy2530@gmail.com Matthew Fuhs: matthew.fuhs@comcast.net Karen Katrinak: karenkat1@verizon.net Theresa Walker: cheg1978@comcast.net SUNDAY COLLECTIONS January 31, 2016 January 29, 2017 Envelopes: $ 6, $ 5, Online: 1, , Loose: 1, Children: Total: $ 9, $ 8, ONLINE GIVING Go green with St. Philip Neri Church by signing up for Online Giving. This is a secure and personalized way of giving to the Parish. You have the option to keep receiving your regular offering envelope packets if you wish. Special Second Collections: February 2017 For those who do not receive Sunday collection envelopes or if you are an On-Line giver, the following special collections are: Care of Aging/Ill Priests; Parish Debt Collection 1st Quarter; 100th Anniversary. CONTRIBUTION STATEMENTS: 2016 Any parishioner requesting a copy of their Contribution Statement for 2016, is asked to call the rectory office between 10:00 am & 4:00 pm or to: ofcmgr@spnparish.org. Statements are mailed upon request only. PART-TIME BUSINESS MANAGER POSITION St. Philip Neri Church Monday - Friday; hours/week (flexible) Responsibilities include but, not limited to: Payroll and associated record keeping. Deposit money to Parish Accounts. Proficient in Microsoft Office Suite: (Excel, Word, Outlook, Publisher, etc.) Transfer funds at Pastor's direction and record in Quick Books. Create and respond to s. Attend all Parish Finance & Council Meetings. Selling of Cemetery Plots and associated paperwork. Updating of Annual Employee Work Agreements Negotiating Contracts with outside Vendors. Generating Annual Parish Financial Report. Weekly Inspection of all Parish Properties and report deficiencies or problems to Pastor. QUICK BOOKS: Input deposits/invoices. Pay invoices/both manual and electronic. Write checks for Pastor's signature. Reconcile Bank Statements with Accounts at end of month. Qualified candidates should send their Resumes to: ofcmgr@spnparish.org. Give a St. Philip Neri Memorial Gift! For a donation of $35 or more, there is a beautiful Folder recording the gift and donor to be presented to the family. In memory of Joe Verna; requested by: Mrs. Josephine Baker. In memory of Shirley Sittler; requested by: Her Sister, Barbara Moll. HOMEMADE EGG ROLLS Orders of fifty (50) or more can be placed by calling or ing the rectory office and are one (1) dollar each. Call or the rectory office. Give a few days for orders to be filled. These egg rolls are not pre-made, but, are made when ordered by a parishioner who very generously gives all profits to the Parish. Note: Egg Rolls are NOT Gluten Free. 059-St. Philip Neri, page 3

4 St. Philip Neri Church All-You-Can-Eat Buffet Breakfast! Sunday, February 12th: 7AM - 12PM Scrambled eggs. bacon sausage. scrapple. chipped beef home fried potatoes. cereal. toast Milk. coffee. hot tea. 3 juices Omelette Station: prepared to order - always with a minimum of 4 different ingredients. Pancakes: (plain & a specialty) Make your own Waffles: Fix'n Bar: yogurt, granola, fresh fruit Homemade Baked Goods & Egg Rolls for sale! For every 100 sold breakfasts, one FREE will be given away! Seniors (60 & up): $8.00 Adults (11-60) $9.00 Ages 4-11: $ & under: $1.00 checks & major credit cards are accepted. SPN SENIOR CLUB 2017 CALENDAR January 25 Rhoads Opera House February 22 BINGO March 22 SPN Senior Club 2nd Anniversary April 26 Sheila Ruth from Senior Center May 24 Hopewell Furnace June 22 Casino Trip to Atlantic City June 28 Luncheon July 26 Picnic August 23 Dr. Eiss ("Aging Eyes") Sept. 24 Basket Bash Sept 's Dance Oct. 10 Trip to Penn's Peak Oct. 25 Halloween Party *Nov. 15 Salute to Veterans Dec. 1 American Music Theatre Christmas Show *Dec. 13 Seraphims from St. Mary Catholic School BIBLE STUDY RESUMES Thursday, February 16th - 7PM Friday, February 17th - 9AM Duration: Eight (8) weeks Location: Neri Center - East Greenville Topic: Bible Timeline - Sessions 9-16 If you have not been part of Sessions 1-8, contact Joan Lampart at: or jmlampart@verizon.net if you have questions. SPN SENIOR CLUB NEWS The SPN Senior Club held its monthly Gathering on January 25th with 126 in attendance. We thank you and are grateful for your support! Carl and Margaret Harner were the Guest Speakers telling us about the Rhoads Opera House Fire that occurred in Boyertown, Rosalie Morgan was the January birthday winner. Sophie McLaughlin won the Door Prize; Mary Lou York was the winner of the largest 50/50 prize to date! Don't forget to register for our next Gathering to be held February 22nd. Come out, meet new friends, enjoy a delicious meal and stay for some BINGO! 059-St. Philip Neri, page 4 *: Note change of date due to holidays Attention: SPN BASKET BASH MEETING Since there have been a number of people who have expressed an interest in helping with the upcoming Basket Bash, there will be an Informational Meeting on Wednesday, February 15th at 7PM in the Parish Hall. All Board Members, luncheon attendees, those who have already volunteered and anyone interested in helping are invited to this meeting. Come and see where your time and talents can be used! If you have any questions, contact Dawn Ellis at

5 UPCOMING EVENTS AT THE CFLC Tuesday, February 7th at 7PM Faith in the Valley - Quaker Unami Friday, February 10th at 7PM The Mystery of Duffy's Cut - Death on the Railroad: Part I Saturday, February 11th at 1PM Movie: "Secret Life of Pets " Friday, February 17th at 7PM Movie: "The Singing Nun" The CFLC is seeking several book loving volunteers to help in our Joyful Heart Library and Lounge. Contact Tom Dewees for additional information at SPN SENIOR BASKET BASH 2016 INCOME/EXPENSE REPORT Income: Ticket Sales $3, Extra Chances 2, Grand Prizes 1, / Beverages Monetary Donations Program ADS 1, Seed Money Basket Bash Total: $10, Expenses: Programs $ Advertising Beverages Supplies 1, Table covers/paper /50 tickets Return Seed Money Total: $ 2, PROFIT: $ 8, SPN CHURCH HOAGIE SALE CHEESE, HAM, ITALIAN OR TURKEY $5.00/EACH Tuesday, March 7th 12:00 PM - 6:00 PM Orders due February 28 Call Rita: or Pat: SPN CATHOLIC FAMILY LIFE CENTER A Special Two Part Event: The Mystery of Duffy's Cut - Death on the Railroad Date: Part I - Friday, February 10 Presenter: Dr. Gene Halus Will host a screening of the Duffy's Cut documentary "Secrets of the Dead: Death on the Railroad". Duration: 1.5 hours Date: Part II - Friday, February 24 Presenter: Dr. Bill Watson Will present the history, archaeology and physical anthropology of the Duffy's Cut dig site. Duration: 1.5 hours In 1832, 57 young men from Ireland boarded a ship to America, leaving behind an impoverished country in hopes of a better life. They arrived healthy and ready to work. Eight weeks later, all 57 men were dead. Did they all die from a cholera pandemic sweeping in the area or were some of them murdered? Over 150 years later, twin brothers uncover a secret file in their grandfather's papers from his time working for the PA Railroad. The clues in this file lead them to investigate the story behind the Irish worker's deaths and search out the location of their final resting place. With the help of a team of scientists and researchers, the brothers locate a mass grave site a valley town known as Duffy's Cut. Using the latest forensic and scientific investigative techniques, as well as historical detective work in Ireland and the US, modern detectives and experts will unravel this extraordinary story. Cost: $5.00 Age level: 12 years and up Venue: Neri Center at 7:00 PM Visit us at: catholicfamilylifecenter.com DORNEY PARK TICKETS Check out Flyer in today's Bulletin. All details are provided. Ticket orders are due to the Rectory Office by Friday, March 31st. No late orders will be accepted. Call or the rectory office for questions. 059-St. Philip Neri, page 5

6 ARCHDIOCESAN NEWS Vocation Office for Diocesan Priesthood Be not afraid to say "yes" to Jesus. Answer His call. Consider the Priesthood. Metropolitan Tribunal Informational Evening On Tuesday, February 7th, Msgr. Paul DiGirolamo, JCD, will be giving a talk on Church Annulments at St. Jude Parish located at 321 W, Butler Avenue in Chalfont. This Presentation begins at 7PM. This is an opportunity for individuals to learn about the Annulment Process in the Catholic Church and will include time for questions and answers. In addition, information pamphlets about the Annulment Process, divorce and children will be available at the Presentation. While open to everyone, the Presentation will be particularly helpful for Catholics who are divorced, and perhaps remarried, and for divorced individuals beginning the RCIA. A representative from the Tribunal Office will discuss: Grounds for marriage nullity cases; Procedure for the annulment process; Effects on the parties involved. Please keep in mind that individuals do not need to attend this talk to begin the Annulment Process and they no longer need to call the Tribunal to begin the Annulment Process since the questionnaire is now online. Questions? call the Tribunal Office at: ARCHDIOCESE of PHILADELPHIA Office for the New Evangelization Ninth Annual Men's Spirituality Conference - March 4, 2017 at St. Joseph University Hagan Arena. Speaker's include EWTN's Dr. Marcellino D'Ambrosio, inspirational Speaker, Kevin Reilly, former Philadelphia Eagle whose career was ended by a rare cancer that led to the removal of his left arm, and Damon Owens, directory of JoyTOB and international Speaker on the Theology of the Body. Register now and save $10 (Early Bird Special) at: manupphilly.com. MOM Heart of the Home Day of Renewal Registration is OPEN for our 23rd Annual MOM- Heart of the Home Day of Renewal on March 18, 2017 from 9 AM to 3:30 PM at Sts. Simon and Jude Meehan Center, West Chester. Calling MOMS of all ages and types: new moms, seasoned moms, grandmothers, step-mothers. Even if you are not a MOM, you are still welcome! Continue your Lenten Season by replenishing your spirit. Come listen to two amazing, inspirational morning and afternoon speakers Lisa Mladinich and Eleanor Farzetta. See our registration form for all details by going to: or by calling: or for more information. Saint Aloysius Parish Pottstown PA AREA PARISH NEWS IMPORTANT CEMETERY NEWS Please be sure to clear any decorations from the Cemetery that you wish to keep from your family Plots by Sunday, March 5th. Our cemetery personnel will begin the Spring clean-up for Lent on Monday, March 6th. Anything that remains will be removed and disposed of. AREA NEWS METANOIA YOUNG ADULTS: EVENTS INFO: metanoiayoungadults@gmail.com February 2017 Events: Tuesday, February 7: Bible Study at Corpus Christi Parish in Lansdale at 7:30 PM. Tuesday, February 21: Theology on Tap at Appalachian Brewing Company, Collegeville. Doors open at 7PM; Talk starts at 7:30 PM - Speaker is Tom Whittingham. Tuesday, February 28: Holy Hour at Mother, Mary of the Redeemer,North Wales at 7:30 PM. 059-St. Philip Neri, page 6

7 Invest just five minutes a day, and your faith will deepen and grow a day at a time. SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2017 TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 1:1-19; Mark 6:53-56 (329). Then God said, Let there be light, and there was light. FIFTH SUNDAY IN ORDINARY TIME Sometimes more is better Today we say yes to two important groups of Catholics observing special days. The first Sunday of Black History Month is the National Day of Prayer for African American Families, who courageously uphold and honor what our history once devalued. Black families matter. The first Sunday after the Presentation of the Lord (Candlemas) is also World Day for Consecrated Life. Just as we bless candles to recall Christ our light, we recognize those who consecrate their lives in witness to that light. Pray for families. Thank religious women and men. TODAY S READINGS: Isaiah 58:7-10; 1 Corinthians 2:1-5; Matthew 5:13-16 (73). Light shall rise for you in the darkness, and the gloom shall become for you like midday. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 7 Be intentional Whenever we begin something, it is always a good idea to start with an intention. Take a few breaths and ask yourself, What do I intend to get out of this day, this meeting, this work, this experience? The dictionary defines intention as the act of determining mentally upon some action or result. In Latin intandere means to stretch toward. One way to think about intention is to ask yourself what you are willing to stretch toward. Then imagine that our compassionate and loving God is also stretching toward you, intending what is best for you. Now you re praying. Plan to get up 15 minutes early and write your intention for the day. TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 1:20 2:4a; Mark 7:1-13 (330). God looked at everything he had MONDAY, FEBRUARY 6 made, and he found it very good. MEMORIAL OF PAUL MIKI AND COMPANIONS, MARTYRS An unchanging creed Paul Miki ( ) was baptized at age 5. A man of his culture with a profound knowledge of Buddhism, he made an effective and affectionate preacher among the Japanese. When his fellow Jesuits were expelled from Japan, he remained and was eventually crucified with 25 others in Nagasaki. For each generation of Christians the demands of faith and the promises of Christ remain the same: Love God and love one another and you will live in love eternally. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 8 MEMORIAL OF JOSEPHINE BAKHITA, VIRGIN Sudan s daughters persecuted, then and now Many in Italy still call her our Black Mother. Bakhita (b. 1869) suffered great misfortune in her native Sudan. Kidnapped, sold, and persecuted, she knew no mercy until she wound up the property of the Sudanese Italian consulate. Migrating with the consul s family to Italy, she eventually received baptismal instruction from the Canossian Daughters of Charity. After 059-St. Philip Neri, page 7 receiving her Christian name, Josephine often kissed the baptismal font, saying, Here, I became a daughter

8 of God! Tragically, Christians in Sudan are still persecuted and sold today. Raise your voice for global religious freedom. TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 2:4b-9, 15-17; Mark 7:14-23 (331). Hear me, all of you, and understand. Nothing that enters one from outside can defile that person. he refused. So she literally prayed up a storm whose ferocity made travel impossible. What have you done? her brother asked. Scholastica answered, I asked and you would not listen; so I asked my God and he did listen. Storm heaven with your prayers! TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 3:1-8; Mark 7:31-37 (333). People brought to him a deaf man who had a speech impediment and begged him to THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9 lay his hand on him. Loving your enemy is hard work There was a time not that long ago when Catholics believed that anyone who wasn t Catholic was going straight to hell in a handbasket. The Jews during Jesus time held similar views toward other religions. Syro- Phoenicians, who were enemies of Israel and didn t share in the same faith, were, in the minds of Jesus disciples, unworthy of God s help. But Jesus turned that attitude on its head. For Christians, all human life has sacred dignity and is beloved by God, even the lives of our enemies. Stepping up to that truth sometimes requires repentance on our part. TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 2:18-25; Mark 7:24-30 (332). Jesus said to her, Let the children be fed first, for it is not fair to take the children s food and throw it to the dogs. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11 MEMORIAL OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES Wishing you well For 150 years visitors to the shrine to Our Lady of Lourdes have believed in the healing power of water that flows from a natural spring there. Closer to home, some parishes commemorate World Day of Prayer for the Sick by asking pastoral care ministers and ministers of Holy Communion to visit the homebound and hospitalized; by placing the names of the sick in a special book displayed in church; or by writing the names of the sick on pieces of paper and asking parishioners to take a name, pray for the person, and send him or her a card. What can you and your community do today? TODAY S READINGS: Genesis 3:9-24; FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10 Mark 8:1-10 (334). They ate and were satisfied. MEMORIAL OF SCHOLASTICA, VIRGIN Storm heaven with your prayers How to be sure God knows our needs? Imitate Saint Scholastica, who knew God can t resist the prayer of a holy person. Near the end of her life, Scholastica enjoyed the usual annual visit from her brother, Saint Benedict, who was anxious to return home at the appointed time. Scholastica entreated him to stay but 059-St. Philip Neri, page 8

9 DISCOUNT DORNEY PARK TICKETS Dorney Park opens its regular season this year from Saturday, April 29th to Sunday, October 29th for both Parks. Tickets are good for any one regular admission (all age groups) to both Dorney Park and Wild Water Kingdom. Cost is $30/ticket. Order forms are available anywhere SCRIP is sold; at Church after Masses or call the rectory office: between 10:00 am & 4:00 pm. ALL ticket orders must be received and paid for IN FULL by Friday, March 31st (noon time) and cannot be returned once purchased. NO LATE ORDERS WILL BE ACCEPTED. Tickets will be available in April before Opening Day. Payment is by cash, check or credit card. Checks are to be made payable to ST. PHILIP NERI CHURCH. Discount tickets are sold to our parishioners as a courtesy and IS NOT a Fund Raising Event. Detach and return with payment anywhere SCRIP is sold. ORDER FORM Number of tickets: X $30 Name Cash Amount paid Tel # Check # Amount paid Credit Card 059-St. Philip Neri, page 1

10 SPN SENIOR CLUB YOU W_^n_s^[y, 22, St. Philip N_ri P[rish H[ll GRE@T PL@Y BINGO* *Cost of Bingo - Only $2.00 for six g[m_s (For thos_ who ^o not pl[y \ingo, just ]om_ [n^ so]i[liz_) To m[k_ your r_s_rv[tion pl_[s_ ][ll Rit[ L[tsh[w [t Th_ r_s_rv[tion ^_[^lin_ is F_\ru[ry 17, 2017 Sugg_st_^ off_ring for th_ lun]h is $5.00 p_r p_rson 059-St. Philip Neri, page 2