Printing Press Quiz with Target Sheet - on half sheet paper. 1. In what year was the Printing Press invented. 2. How old was Gutenberg when he invented it? 3. Who was Gutenberg s mother? 4. In what year did Gutenberg die? 5. How many copies of the Gutenberg Bible were in the first printing? 6. Turn in your quiz to me or give me $1 or more towards fundraising for a new water fountain and I ll give you a 100% and tear up your quiz.
Today s Goal: Use Martin Luther s 95 Theses to determine cause of Reformation.
Today you will play the role of Humanists in Europe. You believe in questioning authority, personal independence, and individual expression. You believe in your own ability to interpret the Bible now that it can be printed in your own language and you begin to question the Catholic Church and some of their practices now that you can actually read the Bible yourself. News has spread of a man named Martin Luther who has posted a document which questions the church on the doors of church in Germany. They say he wants to REFORM the Catholic Church. Who is this Martin Luther who dares speak heresy? Would you agree with his opinions?
WHO WAS MARTIN LUTHER Father of the Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther - A German monk 1.Parents sent him to law school 2.Late one day during a thunderstorm, he was almost struck by lightening. He saw that as a sign to quit law school and join a monastery. 3.The more he studied, the more he thought the Church had gone astray. 4.In 1517, he wrote down 95 arguments (or theses) against the church and hung them on the wall in Germany. 5.He printed a copy of the Bible in German instead of Latin and his PROTESTS against the Church began what was called the Protestant Reformation. 6.He is the father of the PROTESTANT REFORMATION...
IN HIS DOCUMENT CALLED THE 95 THESIS, MARTIN LUTHER QUESTIONED A FEW OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH PRACTICES Father of the Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther - A German monk 1.What were the 95 Theses? 2.What church practices might he argue against? 3.What was happening in the Catholic Church that was so bad?
Corruption in the Catholic Church Beginning in the 1300s, many Christian thinkers felt the Catholic church and the Pope were becoming too political and economic! Spiritual Leaders such as monks, nuns, priests, bishops... Lived elegantly Broke Vows Wore jeweled robes behaved like royalty
SIMONY Simony: Catholic Church way of raising money by selling jobs. FOR SALE: Important Catholic jobs The Church also sold offices or leadership positions to raise money. Instead of being chosen for merit, buyers paid for their appointments. Buying a job was fruitful cause remember how some of the clergy were living lavishly? It could lead to more wealth. Some folks bought more than one job and never even performed the job or duty - benefitted financially and politically only. If you were a Catholic, would you like the church s practice of simony?
FOR SALE: Indulgences Indulgence: Release from punishment for sins The Church s use of selling indulgences ticked off more than a few folks. It sort of makes it look like one could buy his/her way into heaven. Plus, folks who bought indulgences didn t have to do good works to get into heaven. What is a humanist or Catholic going to think about the sale of indulgences?
How were the sale of indulgences similar to my quiz points sales? No one s quiz will really be graded - those weren t good questions. What did you think of the policy when you were in the middle of it? Is it justifiable? Why? How did you feel knowing it was from me? How does it compare to the selling of indulgences? Students who were honorable and studied, couldn t get any higher
What do you think of these other Church Sales? Some church officials sold other holy objects as well too. Holy relics of the saints might be for sale. In addition, all Catholics paid tax or tithes to the Church. Many people didn t like paying taxes to Rome and to their own government. Question: How did the Catholic Church raise money during the late Middle Ages? a. Selling indulgences. c. Selling jobs c. Taxing Catholics d. All of the above
As a humanist in your country, you are curious. Interpret the 95 Theses to uncover his arguments against the Church. With a partner, For each argument, read it aloud. Do your best to re-phrase it in your own words. If you come to an argument that you don t understand, skip it and move on. Once you ve interpreted the all of the theses on the page, move onto the processing. You must really think. This is very challenging. You may begin.
Debrief Which arguments were easiest to interpret? Explain them by number. Which arguments were hardest? Let s interpret them Answer this question... Describe the main idea behind Luther s 95 Thesis. What were your best solutions to these complaints? What might be the consequences of these solutions? How could you find out what really happened? Come to class tomorrow with target question # 9 complete and you will participate in movies that will help you answer the question.