Chapter 17 (Waw Consecutive): Goals 17-1 17-2 Learn how to parse and translate the Qal Perfect and Imperfect with the conjunction ו prefixed. ק ט ל ו + Perfect Qal Weqatal י ק ט ל ו + Imperfect Qal Weyiqtol ק ט ל Qal Perfect Waw Consecutive Weqatal ט ל Qal Imperfect Waw Consecutive Wayyiqtol The topic of this chapter is highly controversial. The book (& this lecture) use traditional terminology Perfect Waw Consecutive (and Perfect with Waw) Spelling Meaning Name and Parsing Code Practice ו ו The Conjunction Waw is usually 17-3 The Conjunction ו and can go on a Perfect 17-4 ו ו Usually spelled ק ט ל י ק ט ל,, etc. Spelled וּ before,מ,ב,פ or Shewa ך ב ר ר וּב ל לא מ וּמ ד פ וּפ ק ט ל תּ תּם וּק Rule of Shewa can create other forms י י ו וי וי וי י ו ו ו Always first letter of a word. ו Usually spelled Spelled וּ before and Shewa,פ,מ,ב Usually accent the ultima in 2ms and 1cs with Waw. QP add Waw accent shift ק ט ל ק ט ל 3ms ק ט ל ה ק ט ל ה 3fs ק ט ל תּ ק ט ל תּ ק ט ל תּ 2ms ק ט ל תּ ק ט ל תּ 2fs ק ט לתּי ק ט ל תּ י ק ט ל תּ י 1cs ק ט לוּ ק ט לוּ 3cp וּ ק ט ל תּ ם ק ט ל תּ ם 2mp וּ ק ט ל תּ ן ק ט ל תּ ן 2fp ק ט ל נוּ ק ט ל נוּ 1cp
Usually Translate Perfect with Waw as Imperfect Future And I will study Modal And I would/could/should/may study. And may he study! Imperfective And I am/was/will be studying After an imperative, usually translate as an imperative: Go and study 17-5 Rarely Translate Perfect with Waw as Perfect Rarely translate as and + past She worked hard and memorized vocabulary. Usually normal accent Accent usually stays on V S in 2ms and 1cs 17-6 Name and Parsing Code for Perfect with Waw Perfect Waw Consecutive Pwc Often used for the next event in a future narrative. ק ט ל Weqatal Also called the שׁ מ ר תּ י E.g., QPwc1cs and I will guard If translated as a normal Perfect (past time), ו+ P just call it the Perfect ק ט ל Weqatal Still called the E.g., שׁ מ ר תּ י ו+ QP1cs and I guarded 17-7 17-8 and they will send and they will say and it will be (393x) and you will guard Practice Parsing Perfect with Waw.1 שׁ ל חוּ שׁלח QPwc3cp.2 א מ רוּ אמר QPwc3cp.3 ה י ה QPwc3ms.4 מ ר תּ ם וּשׁ QPwc2mp.5 ישׁ ב תּ ם ו ישׁב QPwc2mp י י [ and you will dwell [ו וי וי וי י.6 כ ת ב תּ תּ כתב ו+ QP2ms and you wrote.7 כ ת ב תּ תּ כתב QPwc2ms and you will write.8 א ה ב תּ תּ אהב ו+ QP2ms and you love.9 א ה ב תּ תּ אהב QPwc2ms and you will love.10 ז כ ר תּ י ו+ QP1cs and I remembered.11 ז כ ר תּ י QPwc1cs and I will remember
17-9 17-10 The Conjunction ו and can go on an Imperfect Spelling Meaning Name and Parsing Code Practice Always 1 st on a word. ו Usually spelled Spelled וּ before and Shewa,פ,מ,ב Imperfect add Waw י ק ט ל י ק ט ל 3ms תּ ק ט ל תּ ק ט ל 3fs תּ ק ט ל תּ ק ט ל 2ms תּ ק ט ל י תּ ק ט ל י 2fs אק ט ל א ק ט ל 1cs 3mp 3fp 2mp 2fp י ק ט לוּ(ן) י ק ט לוּ (ן ( תּ ק ט ל נ ה תּ ק ט ל נ ה תּ ק ט לוּ(ן) תּ ק ט לוּ (ן ( תּ ק ט ל נ ה תּ ק ט ל נ ה נ ק ט ל נ ק ט ל 1cp Imperfect with Waw Often Indicates Purpose 17-11 Parsing Code for Imperfect with Waw 17-12 Purpose ו+ I Translate the ו as so that may rather than and E.g., Shall I go call a Hebrew nurse for you so that she may nurse the child for you? (Exod 2:7) י ק ט ל weyiqtol Also called the י שׁ מ ר E.g., ו+ QI3ms and he will guard Regular Imperfect translations are possible: Future And I will study Modal And I would/could/should/may study. And may he study! Imperfective And I am/was/will be studying
Practice Parsing Imperfect with Waw ו+ QI3ms ו+ QI1cs י ז כּ ר.1 א ז כּ ר.2 נ ע שׂ ה.3 17-13 and he will remember and I will remember and we will make ו+ QI1cp ע שׂהההה Let s make a tower so that we may make a name for ourselves (Gen 11:4) Spelling Meaning Name and Parsing Code Practice 17-14 Waw of Imperfect Waw Consecutive is Spelled Differently uses a unique spelling of the conjunction ו and ט ל E.g., י ק ט ל Waw conjunction spelled like it swallowed the article Waw prefix has Pathach and Dagesh, just like the article. ו In the 1cs form, א preformative rejects Dagesh: א ק ט ל ו ק ט ל ו א 17-15 Spelling the Imperfect of the Waw Consecutive Historically, it does not come from the Imperfect. ט ל Strong verbs: spelled like the imperfect ט לי ק Some weak verbs spelled differently: נ ה) suffix ה ה verbs drop the ה- 3 י ב ן (ו יּ ב י י and וּ Biconsonantal verbs change in 3ms and 3fs. י קוּם ם ק ו יּ wayyāqom וּ) qamets hatuf ) ים שׂ םי שׂ ו יּ י י ( wayyāśem ) Some other verbs change stem vowel to seghol. ר רי אמ אמ ו יּ י ל ך ל ך ו יּ 17-16
Usually Translate Iwc as Past Tense מ ר ו יּ שׁ and he guarded Comparison: י שׁ מ ר ו+ QI3ms and he will guard מ ר ו יּ שׁ and he guarded 17-17 Names and Parsing Code Iwc 17-18 Often used for the next event in a past-time narrative. ט ל Wayyiqtol Also called the Many other names: consecutive preterite, מ ר E.g., ו יּ שׁ and he guarded QPwc3ms ו+ QP3ms ק ט ל and he will guard and he guarded Practice Parsing Imperfect with Waw 16-19.1 ו יּ ז כּ ר and he remembered.2 י ז כּ ר ו+ QI3ms and he will remember.3 א ז כּ ר ו+ QI1cs and I will remember.4 ז כּ ר ו א QIwc1cs and I remembered.5 ו יּ ב א ב א and he entered.6 ע שׂ ו יּ עשׂה and he did ירד and he went down קרא and he called אמר and he said (2076x) and it was (784x).7 ד ר ו יּ.8 ר א.9 ר ו יּ אמ.10 י ו י ה 17-20
17-21 Waw Consecutive Indicates the Next Event in a Narrative Past tense narrative: Past and Future Narrative Sequences Past time narrative sequence 17-22 E.g., He woke up, [Perfect] and then he showered, [Imperfect Waw Consecutive] and then he dressed. [Imperfect Waw Consecutive] Future narrative: E.g., He will wake up, [Imperfect] and then he will shower, [Perfect Waw Consecutive] and then he will dress. [Perfect Waw Consecutive] But use the opposite form from what you would expect Imperfect waw consecutive in past narrative Perfect waw consecutive in future narrative He did X, and then he did Y, and then he did Z. י verb, Begins with Perfect ו י ה, or Iwc י ו י ה י ה ה and it came to pass Subsequent verbs are Iwc. Future time narrative sequence He will do X, and then he will do Y, and then ה י ה verb, Begins with imperfect, or Pwc. ה י ה י ה ה QPwc3ms and it shall come to pass Subsequent verbs are Pwc. 17-23 Summary 17-24 ט ל Iwc (and) he killed common י ק ט ל ו+ I (and) he will kill uncommon ק ט ל Pwc (and) he will kill common ו+ P (and) he killed uncommon Past narrative sequence he did x, then she did y P/Iwc/ י ו י ה Iwc Iwc Future narrative sequence he will x, then she will y I/Pwc/ ה י ה Pwc Pwc ה י ה י ו י ה (ו+ QP3ms QPwc3ms (or