COURSE & CONSEQUENCES OF THE CIVIL WAR M S. L U C O U S HIST IB N O V. 2 0 1 7
STANDARDS SSUSH9 Evaluate key events, issues, and individuals related to the Civil War. a) Explain the importance of the growing economic disparity between the North and the South through an examination of population, functioning railroads, industrial output. b) Discuss Lincoln s purpose in using emergency powers to suspend habeas corpus, issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, and delivering the Gettysburg and Second Inaugural Addresses. c) Examine the influences of Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, Thomas Stonewall Jackson, and Jefferson Davis. d) Explain the importance of Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and Atlanta, as well as the impact of geography on these battles.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE SWBAT describe the course and consequences of the Civil War IOT evaluate the key events, issues, and individuals related to the Civil War.
INQUIRY How did Abraham Lincoln expand federal power during the Civil War?
R E V I E W : E V E N T S L E A D I N G T O C I V I L W A R
EXCERPT FROM MAJORITY OPINION IN SUPREME COURT CASE DRED SCOTT V. SANFORD... Can a negro, whose ancestors were imported into this country, and sold as slaves, become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as such become entitled to all the rights, and privileges, and immunities, guaranteed by that instrument to the citizen? One of which rights is the privilege of suing in a court of the United States in the cases specified in the Constitution. We think they [people of African ancestry] are not [citizens], and that they are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word "citizens" in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States.
POLITICAL CARTOON SHOWING SENATOR CHARLES SUMNER OF MASSACHUSETTS BEING ATTACKED BY REPRESENTATIVE PRESTON BROOKS FROM SOUTH CAROLINA, 1856
REACTION TO JOHN BROWN S RAID AT HARPERS FERRY (1859) The Harper s Ferry invasion has advanced the cause of Disunion more than any other event since the formation of the government; it has rallied to that standard men who formerly looked upon it with horror; it has revived, with tenfold strength, the desire of a Southern Confederacy. The heretofore most determined friends of the Union may now be heard saying, If under the form of a [Union] our peace is disturbed, our state invaded, its peaceful citizens cruelly murdered by those who should be our warmest friends, and the people of the North sustain the outrage, then let disunion come.
THE RICHMOND ENQUIRER (VIRGINIA NEWSPAPER) -1859 The Harper s Ferry invasion has advanced the cause of Disunion more than any other event since the formation of the government; it has rallied to that standard men who formerly looked upon it with horror; it has revived, with tenfold strength, the desire of a Southern Confederacy. The heretofore most determined friends of the Union may now be heard saying, If under the form of a [Union] our peace is disturbed, our state invaded, its peaceful citizens cruelly murdered by those who should be our warmest friends, and the people of the North sustain the outrage, then let disunion come.
REACTION TO JOHN BROWN S RAID AT HARPER S FERRY (1859) But his are the errors of a fanatic, not the crimes of a felon. It were absurd to apply to him opprobrious epithets or wholesale denunciations. The essence of crime is the pursuit of selfish gratification in disregard of others good; and that is the precise opposite of Old Brown s impulse and deed. He periled and sacrificed not merely his own life that were, perhaps, a moderate stake but the lives of his beloved sons, the earthly happiness of his family and theirs, to benefit a despised and downtrodden race to deliver from bitter bondage and degradation those whom he had never seen.
NEW YORK TRIBUNE (NEWSPAPER) - 1859 But his are the errors of a fanatic, not the crimes of a felon. It were absurd to apply to him opprobrious epithets or wholesale denunciations. The essence of crime is the pursuit of selfish gratification in disregard of others good; and that is the precise opposite of Old Brown s impulse and deed. He periled and sacrficied not merely his own life that were, perhaps, a moderate stake but the lives of his beloved sons, the earthly happiness of his family and theirs, to benefit a despised and downtrodden race to deliver from bitter bondage and degradation those whom he had never seen.
S E C E S S I O N
N O R T H V. S O U T H
https://youtu.be/7f6bln1wdrc
C O T T O N D I P LO M A C Y
K E Y P E O P L E
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
ULYSSES S. GRANT
JEFFERSON DAVIS
ROBERT E. LEE
K E Y B AT T L E S
FORT SUMTER- OUTCOME Charleston Harbor, South Carolina (April 1861) Federal fort is surrendered to the Confederacy. 1 st battle of the Civil War.
BATTLE OF BULL RUN - OUTCOME Manassas Creek, Virginia July 1861 Union retreateddemonstrated that this war would not be quickly won.
BATTLE OF ANTIETAM- OUTCOME Antietam Creek (Sharpsburg, Maryland) September 1862 Union victory. Bloodiest single day of battle. Followed by Abraham Lincoln s Emancipation Proclamation.
SIEGE OF VICKSBURG OUTCOME Vicksburg, Mississippi May 1863 Union took control of Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in half.
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG - OUTCOME Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1863 Massive casualties on both sides. *TURNING POINT Last major Confederate offensive.
BATTLE OF ATL ANTA & SHERMAN S MARCH TO THE SEA Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia - 1864 *TOTAL WAR Destruction of the South.
SURRENDER AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865
LISTEN TO GETTYSBURG ADDRESS https://youtu.be/bva0j_2zpiq
H O W D I D L I N C O L N E X PA N D F E D E R A L P O W E R?
SUSPENSION OF HABEAS CORPUS Habeas corpus Latin for you have the body Constitutional right states that anyone imprisoned must be taken before a judge to determine if prisoner being legally held Lincoln used emergency powers to suspend it and imprison Confederate sympathizers
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION Read & discuss the excerpt with a partner. What exactly did this executive order do?
EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION (1863) Executive order issued by Lincoln that emancipated (freed) all slaves held in states engaged in rebellion Pictured: Massachusetts 54 th Infantry Regiment
R E A D L I N C O L N S S E C O N D I N A U G U R A L A D D R E S S