Siege Grant s Canal Siege of Vicksburg Admiral David Dixon Porter General George Pickett Gettysburg Address Battle of Gettysburg Today s Thinking Focus Question: What ideals did Lincoln express in the Gettysburg Address? Why is Vicksburg so important to the Union? Vocabulary A. A 3-day battle which ended Confederate General Robert E. Lee's second invasion of the North. More than 50,000 men were killed or injured, making it the bloodiest battle of the American Civil War. B. Confederate general who ordered his men to charge through an open field and up a steep hill in an unsuccessful attempt to break the Union line. C. A military operation in which enemy forces surround a town or building, cutting off essential supplies, with the goal of forcing a surrender from those inside. D. A famous speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863, to dedicate a cemetery for Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg. E. A six week land and naval campaign lasting from May 18, 1863 July 4, 1863, where Union General Ulysses S. Grant forced the surrender of Confederate soldiers occupying a town situated on a 200-foot bluff above the Mississippi River. F. In an unsuccessful attempt to alter the course of the Mississippi River (in an effort to get around Confederate guns at Vicksburg), General Grant ordered his men to dig what became known as this waterway across the peninsula at De Soto Point. G. This commander of the Navy bravely ran his gunboats past Vicksburg s cannons in an attempt to seize control of the river south of the city. He successfully provided transport to Grant s 17,000 soldiers, thus allowing them to lay siege to Vicksburg. Why did Grant attack the town of Jackson? I thought he was trying to attack Vicksburg! Controlling the city of Jackson, Mississippi was important because: 1. 2.
Siege of Vicksburg LOCATION: United States (Union) Confederate States DATE: UNION KILLED/WOUNDED: CONFEDERATE KILLED/WOUNDED: COMMANDERS/LEADERS: IMPORTANT INFORMATION: Meanwhile, in the East... While General Grant was laying siege to Vicksburg, Confederate General Lee was moving his army north into Pennsylvania. Robert E. Lee had hoped to take the Yankees by surprise. If he was successful, Lee planned to then swing south and capture Washington D.C.. Make a Connection Why would General Robert E. Lee decide to head north to take Washington D.C.? What do you think he was hoping to achieve?
Battle of Gettysburg LOCATION: United States (Union) Confederate States DATE: UNION KILLED/WOUNDED: CONFEDERATE KILLED/WOUNDED: COMMANDERS/LEADERS: IMPORTANT INFORMATION: What Do You Think? Predict what you think will be the likely result of Pickett s men charging over an open field and up a steep slope? If you were Confederate General Robert E. Lee and you knew the Union had strong positions atop Cemetery Ridge, what orders would you have given? Union view atop Cemetery Ridge.
Applying My Knowledge Provide an accurate summary of a primary source. Gettysburg Address Paragraph #1 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Paragraph #2 Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived [created] and so dedicated, can long endure [last]. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. Paragraph #2 But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate we cannot consecrate we cannot hallow [bless] this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it [made sacred], far above our poor power to add or detract [far above what we can do]. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us that from these honored dead we take increased devotion [commitment] to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion [they gave their lives] that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain [without a reason] that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Abraham Lincoln Gettysburg, Pennsylvania November 19, 1863 Did You Know? A set of twenty things is a score. Four score and seven years ago means 4 times 20, so Lincoln could have just said 87 years ago (he was referring to the year 1776), but that wouldn t have sounded as cool.
Applying My Knowledge DIRECTIONS: Read the Gettysburg Address and summarize each paragraph in your own words. 1. Summarize in your own words paragraph #1. 2. Summarize in your own words paragraph #2. 3. Summarize in your own words paragraph #3. 4. President Lincoln only spoke for three minutes. What evidence can you find from his speech to justify why he kept his speech so short? 5. What ideals did Lincoln express in the Gettysburg Address?