Clarifying Apposition in Ugaritic // The Displacement of Parallelism Robert D. Holmstedt, The University of Toronto 1. Introduction 2. Canonical Apposition Towards a Linguistic Description A. Classifying the Data (1) yd.pdry.bt. ar the love of Pidray, the Daughter of Light (1.3.III.6) > the love of Pidray > the love of the Daughter of Light (2) kpr.šbʿ.bnt Henna for seven girls (1.3.I.2) >?Henna for seven >?Henna for girls (3) npynh.mks.bšr her tunic, the covering of her skin (1.4.II.5) (4) tqḥ.mlk.ʿlmk.drkt.dt.drdrk may you take your eternal kingship, the dominion that is yours perpetually (1.2.IV.10) (5) ʾalp kd.yḥ.bḫmr a thousand jar(s) he drew of wine (1.3.I.15-16) (6) [yṯ]ʾir.ṯr.ʾil.ʾabk The Bull, El, your Father, [will take ven]geance (1.2.III.16) (1') yd.pdry.bt.ʾar the love of Pidray, the Daughter of Light (1.3.III.6) (2') kpr.šbʿ.bnt henna for seven girls (1.3.I.2) = PARTIAL, STRICT, RESTRICTIVE (3') npynh.mks.bšr her tunic, the covering of her skin (1.4.II.5) (4') tqḥ.mlk.ʿlmk.drkt.dt.drdrk may you take your eternal kingship, the dominion that is yours perpetually (1.2.IV.10) (5') ʾalp kd.yḥ.bḫmr a thousand jars he drew of wine (1.3.I.15-16) = PARTIAL, STRICT, RESTRICTIVE
(6') [yṯ]ʾir.ṯr.ʾil.ʾabk the Bull, El, your Father, [will take ven]geance (1.2.III.16) B. Semantic Categories (7) Semantic Types of non-restrictive appositions Category Typical Gloss (not required) A. Equivalence or (i) appellation: that is (ii) identification: namely (iii) designation: that is to say (iv) reformulation: in other words B. Attribution [specification] being or as you know C. Inclusion (i) exemplification: for example (ii) particularization: especially 1. Equivalence: Appellation (8) [m]ṯb.rbt.ʾaṯrt ym [The dw]elling of the Lady, Athirat of the Sea (1.3.V.40-41) (9) wyʿn.ʾalʾiyn bʿl. and the Mighty One, Baal spoke (1.4.VII.36-37) (10) ʾap.ʾanš.zbl.bʿ[l] then the Prince, Baal is shaken (1.2.I.38) (11) tʿdt.ṯpṭ.nhr the legation of the Judge, River (1.2.I.30) 2. Equivalence: Identification and Designation (12) l.ʾumy.ʾadtny to my mother, (namely,) our Lady (2.11.1) (13) km.l.tʾudn dbbm.kšpm.hwt ršʿ.hwt.bn nšm thus, the tormentors, (namely,) the sorcerers, will not give ear (to) the word of a wicked person, the word of (any such) person (RS 92.2014.8-10) (14) l ym.hnd ʿmṯtmr bn.nqmpʿ mlk.ugrt ytn on that day, Ammithtamru, son of Niqmepa, king of Ugarit, gave (3.2.1-5) (15) km.l.tʾudn dbbm.kšpm.hwt ršʿ.hwt.bn nšm thus, the tormentors, the sorcerers, will not give ear (to) the word of a wicked person, (that is, even) the word of (any) person (RS 92.2014.8-10) Holmstedt, Ugaritic Apposition (SBL 2016) 2
4. Equivalence: Reformulation (16) šḥr.ṯl[ṯ]t bnš bnšm l.yqḥnn.bd bʿln.bn.kltn tomorrow, three (days) (>in the future), no man will take it from the possession of Balanu, son of Kilitenu (3.5.15-18) (17) w ym ymm [yʿtqn... ] a day, two days (> some days) will pass (1.1.V.15-16) 5. Attribution (18) w ymlk.bʾarṣ.ʾil.klh and he ruled over the divine land, all of it (1.6.I.65) (19) šḥr.ṯl[ṯ]t bnš bnšm l.yqḥnn.bd bʿln.bn.kltn tomorrow, three (days), a man, man (> any person) will not take it from the possession of Balanu, son of Kilitenu (3.5.15-18) 6. Inclusion מ ה ר י שׁ ל שׁ ס א ים ק מ ח ס ל ת ל וּשׁ י ו ע שׂ י ע ג וֹת (20) quickly fetch three seahs (of) flour, (especially) finely milled flour, knead (it), and make cakes (Gen 18:6) 3. Non-Nominal Apposition in Ugaritic (21) byrḫ.ibʿlt.bym[. š]bʿ in the month of Ibalatu, on the seventh day (KTU 1.119.1) (22) [by]r ḫ.[r]iš yn.bym.ḥdṯ in the month of Rašu-Yeni, on the day of the new moon (1.87.1; see line 54, also 1.41.1) (23) ʾatm.wank ibǵyh.btk.ǵry.il.ṣpn bqdš.bǵr.nḥlty bnʿm.bgbʿ.tliyt come and I will reveal it in the midst of my mountain, Divine Sapan, in (my) sanctuary, in the mount of my heritage, in (my) delightful place, in the hill of (my) victory (1.3.III.28-30) (24) ḥšk.ʿṣk.ʿbṣk Your hastening! Your hurrying! Your rushing! (1.3.III.18; see 1.1.III.10; 1.3.IV.11) (25) lpʿn.il.thbr.wtql tštḥwy.wtkbdh at the feet of El she bowed down and she fell, she prostrated herself, and she honored him (1.4.IV.25-26; see also 1.2.III.6 and 1.4.VIII.25-26) (26) gm.ṣḥ.l qb[ṣ.ilm ṣḥ] l rḥqm.lp[ḫr.ʾl] ṣḥ. aloud they summon the ass[embly of the gods], [... they summon] the distant ones, the as[sembly of El] they summon (1.1.IV.2-4) Holmstedt, Ugaritic Apposition (SBL 2016) 3
(27) ysʿ. [a]lt[.]ṯbtk[.]ly[hpk] [ksa.]mlkk.l yṯbr.ḫṭ[.]mṯpṭk. surely he will remove the [sup )port of your seat, surely he will [overturn the throne] of your kingship, surely he will break the sceptre of your rule (1.2.III.17-18) (28) tn.ilm.d tqh.d tqyn.hmlt.tn.bʿl[.w ʿnnh] bn.dgn.arṯm.pḏh. give up, O Gods, the one you obey, the one you obey, O Multitude, give up, (that is), Baal, and I will humble him, the Son of Dagan, I will seize his gold (1.2.I.18-19) 5. Apposition and Parallelism in Ugaritic Poetry Note: NP apposition = anchor, appositive; reformulation = gray shading, and addition = boxing. 1 al.tǵl t[...] 2 prdmn. ʿbd.ʾalʾi[yn] 3 bʿl. sʾid.zbl.bʿl 4ʾars. 1 [...] 2 3 He served the Might[y] One, Baal, 3-4 Waited on the Prince, Baal of the Earth. qm.yṯʿr 5 w.yšlḥmnh 6 ybrd.ṯd.lpnwh 7 bḥrb.mlḥt 8 qṣ.mrʾi. 4 5 He stood, arranged and caused him to eat, 5-6 Cut away a breast before him, 7 8 With a salted knife (cut away) a fillet of fatling. ndd 9 yʿšr.wyšqynh 10 ytn.ks.bdh 11 krpnm.bklʾat.ydh 12 bk rb.ʿẓm. rʾidn 13 mt.šmm. ks.qdš 14 l tph nh.ʾaṯt. krpn 15 l tʿn.ʾaṯrt. 8 9 He stood, served and caused him to drink, 10 Put a cup in his hand, 11 A goblet in both his hands: 12 A large, imposing vessel, 12-13 A rhyton of men of the heavens; 13 14 A holy cup (that) women may not see, 14 15 A goblet (that) Athirat may not eye. ʾalp 16 kd.yqḥ.bḫmr 17 rbt.ymsk.bmskh 15 16 A thousand jars he drew of ḫmr-wine, 17 A myriad he mixed in his mixed wine. 18 qm.ybd.wyšr 19 mṣltm.bd.nʿm 20 yšr.ǵzr.ṭb.ql 21ʿl.bʿl.bṣrrt 22 ṣpn. 18 He stood, chanted and sang, 19 Cymbals (being) in the hands of the pleasant one 20 The hero sang (with) goodness of voice 21 About Baal on the heights of Ṣapan. addition addition ytmr.bʿl 23 bnth. yʿn.pdry 24 bt.ʾar. ʾapn.ṭly 25 [bt.]rb. 22 23 Baal gazed at his daughters, 23 24 He eyed Pidray, the Daughter of Light, 24-25 Also (he eyed) Tallay, [the Daughter] of Rain. + addition [...] Holmstedt, Ugaritic Apposition (SBL 2016) 4
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