1Samul 2 1Samul 2:1 11 1Samul 2:12 36 Part I: Th Psalm of Hannah Part II: Eli s Sons and Eli s Son Th first and scond halvs of 1Sam. 2 ar so diffrnt, thy should hav bn givn thir own chaptr. Howvr, I do not lik to split things up, so all of th xgsis on ths will b found in this on documnt. I will hav th ntir outlin and all of th charts, maps and short doctrins listd at th vry bginning; howvr, I will rpat ths for th scond half and hav links throughout so that you can asily accss th scond half of this chaptr xclusivly. Outlin of Chaptr 2: Part I: Th Psalm of Hannah vv. 1 10 Hannah s Prayr v. 11 Elkanah and Hannah Rturn to Ramah Part II: Eli s Sons and Eli s Son vv. 12 17 Eli s Sons Disrspct th Offrings to God vv. 18 21 Hannah s Continud Rlationship with Hr Son Samul vv. 22 26 Eli Confronts His Sons Ovr Thir Sins vv. 27 36 A Propht of God Coms and Spaks to Eli Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins: vv. 1 10 Hannah s Psalm and It s Parallls: v. 1b Luk 1:46b 48a v. 2 2Sam. 22:32 v. 2 2Sam. 22:47b 50 v. 5a Luk 1:53 v. 6 2Sam. 22:5 7 vv. 7 8 Luk 1:50 53 v. 9a 2Sam. 22:19b 21, 28 v. 10a b 2Sam. 22:38 39 Luk 1:51b 2Sam. 22:14 v. 10d Luk 1:69 70 v. 3 Th Lss Litral Translations of 1Sam. 2:3a v. 8 God and th Rvrsal of Fortun for Crtain Mn v. 8 Th L ss Lit ral Translations of 1Sam. 2:8 v. 10 A Comparison of th Grk Txts v. 10 Jhovah Dstroys His Enmis in th Tim of Samul v. 10 How Dos Isral Contnd with God in 1Samul? v. 11 Hannah s Psalm and Mary s Song v. 12 Adam Clark on Child-Raring
193 Th Book of Samul v. 15 1Sam. 2:12 15 as pr th Nw Living Tstamnt v. 17 Eli s Sons ar Rsponsibl for ths Offrtory Customs v. 17 Th Purpos of th Mat Offrings v. 19 Th Dfining Factors of a Cult v. 23 Why Didn t Eli Rmov his Sons from th Pristhood? v. 27 Modrn-Day Kooks v. 30 Th Hithpal Stm of a Vrb v. 30 What is God Saying to Eli? v. 32 Th 3 Facs of 1Sam. 2:32a v. 32 1Sam. 2:31 32 (rvisd) v. 33 Th Fulfillmnt of 1Samul 2:33 v. 35 Th Fulfillmnt of 1Samul 2:35 v. 36 1Samul 2:31 36 and its Fulfillmnt v. 36 A Summary of th Offnss of Eli s Hous, God s Sntnc and Fulfillmnt v. 36 Th Charactristics of a Propht of God v. 36 Th Parallls Btwn Samul and Christ Jsus Psalms Alludd To Psalm 2 Doctrins Cov Doctrins Alludd To Jwish Mssiah Jsus is th Mssiah of th Old Tstamnt Th Doctrin of Horns Th Prist s Clothing Doctrin of Blial Ancint Jwish Cooking Vssls Ephod Familial Rlationships and th Plan of God Th Chart of Kings, Prists and Prophts In looking back at this, you may raliz that you hav nvr sn so many charts, doctrins, and doctrinal rfrncs. I should warn you up front that this is going to b probably th most difficult chaptr in all of th book of Samul (at last 1Samul). Thr ar a plthora problms with rspct to th corrct txt and thn th propr intrprtation of th txt. So, b forwarnd. Introduction: 1Sam. 2 is nough chaptr for two chaptrs at minimum. For th first tn vrss, w hav a song composd by Hannah. It is an unusual thing to b found in th midst of narrativ; howvr, this was a song obviously inspi by God th Holy Spirit, and thrfor blongs in His Wo. Furthrmor, this is a continuation of th prvious chaptr. Hannah has brought Samul to Eli to srv God and in th first half of this chaptr, w har hr prayr to God. Ths first 11 vrss ar such a diffrnt topic than th lattr portion, that I will brak this chaptr into two parts. Howvr, I will kp th outlin and th charts at th bginning hr and kp both portions as on documnt (although I will rpat portions of th outlin and charts in part two of this chaptr). Sinc w ar usd to xamining God s Wo chaptr by chaptr, I will kp this togthr as on chaptr, although it should b brokn down into two or thr sctions, with part I rmaining with 1Sam. 1. Th introduction to th scond part of this chaptr will b found at th bginning of Part II. Part I Part II Hannah s Psalm Eli s Sons and Eli s Son
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 194 Scondly, w xamin th dgnracy of Eli s sons. Now hr is an unusual situation. Eli would appar, at last to thos who attnd srvics at th Tnt of God, to b somwhat of a crappy parnt. His kids, although thy srvd God (or appa to) wr corrupt and thy corruptd th worship of Jhovah God. By contrast, w thn xamin th childhood of Samul, who appars to b mad of much diffrnt stuff. Finally, Eli has to tak a stand against his own childrn and thn nd of th chaptr is Eli rbuking his two sons. Th first part of this chaptr that w will study is Hannah s prayr, or Hannah s psalm. What you would xpct is for Hannah to dwll on hr thankfulnss to God for allowing hr this son and a prayr for svral mor to follow. You would xpct hr to pray on bhalf of littl Samul, for his futur. Howvr, this psalm is nothing lik on would xpct. Hannah is takn by th Spirit of God and sh will prais God s knowldg and His actions, compltly apart from hr own circumstanc. Sh will commnt on how thr is oftn a rvrsal of fortun (vv. 4 5, 8), which is on of th fw portions of this psalm which spaks to Hannah s situation dirctly. Spcifically, sh praiss God for His knowldg and His actions (vv. 1 3); sh spaks of His opposition to his nmis (v. 4) and th rvrsal of fortun which occurs in His plan (v. 5). In vv. 6 7, God s grat powr is again rfrncd, with His rvrsal of fortun mntiond again in v. 8. In v. 9, w hav God s constant vigilanc in our livs (and th livs of th wickd), and v. 10 nds with a promis from God to shattr His nmis and to xalt His own. At th nd of v. 10, w hav a promis concrning His King and His Anointd, givn in a tim of Isral s history whr thr was no king. Thn, in v. 11, Elkanah and Hannah will simply rturn to thir hom, laving Samul bhind at th Hous of God. Barns: Th song of Hannah is a prophtic Psalm. It is potry, and it is prophcy. It taks its plac by th sid of th songs of Miriam, Dborah, and th Virgin Mary, as wll as thos of Moss, David, Hzkiah, and othr Psalmists and Prophts whos inspi ods hav bn prsrv in th Bibl. Th pculiar fatur which ths songs hav in common is, that springing from, and in thir first concption rlating to, incidnts in th livs of th individuals who composd thm, thy branch out into magnificnt dscriptions of th Kingdom and glory of Christ...of which thos incidnts wr providntially dsignd 1 to b ths typs. Th prcption of this is ssntial to th undrstanding of Hannah s song. What tis this chaptr togthr is that it bgins with this prophtic prayr or psalm of Hannah s and thn is compltd whn a propht of God spaks to Eli, also giving grat prophcis. Th prophcis at th nd by th man of God will b, howvr, much mor spcific. Each prophcy will culminat in information concrning our Lo. Chaptr Outlin Part I Chaptr Outlin Part II Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Part I Charts, Maps and Short Doctrins Part II Hannah s Prayr Slavishly litral: And so prayd Hannah and so sh said: Thn Hannah prayd to God, saying,... 1Samul 2:1a Modratly litral: Th n Hannah pray d and said: Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: Latin Vulgat Masortic Txt And Anna prayd, and said:... [This is th nd of 1Sam. 1:28 in th Latin]. And so prayd Hannah and so sh said:... 1 Barns Nots; 1Samul to Esthr; F. C. Cook, ditor; rprintd 1996 by Bakr Books; p. 8.
195 Th Book of Samul Pshitta Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: And Hannah prayd and said,... And sh said,... [This is th nd of 1Sam. 1:28 in th Grk]. That Hannah prays is not mntiond in th Grk. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: BBE CEV And Hannah, in prayr bfor th Lo, said,... Hannah prayd:... Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): God s Wo Hannah prayd out loud,... Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: HNV Young s Updatd LT Channah prayd, and said:... And Hannah prays, and says:... What is th gist of this vrs? Hannah is about to mak an inspi prayr, and this tim it will b audibl. 1Samul 2:1a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs wa (or va) ( åç) [pronouncd wah] and so, and thn, thn, and wâw conscutiv BDB #253 pâlal (ì ì Ç È ) [pronouncd paw-lahl] to pray, to intrcd, to mak intrcssion for, to ask for a favorabl dtrmination 3 prson fminin singular, Hithpal imprfct Strong s #6419 BDB #813 Channâh (ä È ç) - [pronouncd khahn- NAW] grac with a fminin (ah) nding; it is translitratd Hannah fminin singular propr noun Strong s #2584 BDB #336 wa (or va) ( åç) [pronouncd wah] and so, and thn, thn, and wâw conscutiv BDB #253 âmar (ø îç àè ) [pronouncd aw-marh] to say, to spak, to uttr; to say [to onslf], to think 3 prson fminin singular, Qal imprfct Strong s #559 BDB #55 Translation: Thn Hannah prayd and said:... Hannah is still apparntly at th Tnt of God with Eli and v. 11 of this chaptr indicats that sh is with hr husband, Elkanah. Sh has givn hr son ovr to him and now sh prays to God as somwhat of a ddication to His faithfulnss. Unlik much of what w study, thr is no rason vn to rfr to th othr translations hr. What you s is what you gt. Lik th rst of Samul, this is a simpl phras. I would lik to, howvr, draw attntion to th first vrb, howvr, which is th 3 prson fminin singular, Hithpal imprfct of pâlal (ì ì Ç È ) [pronouncd paw-lahl], which mans, in th Hithpal, to pray, to intrcd, to mak intrcssion for, to ask for a favorabl dtrmination. Paul tlls us in Philip. 4:6: B anxious for nothing, but in vrything by prayr and supplication with thanksgiving lt your rqusts b known to God. Hannah is about to lav hr only son with Eli th High Prist, and is crtainly going through a cacophony of motions, so what sh
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 196 dos is pray and it is a magnificnt and incibl prayr. And what sh prays about is intrsting sh is concrnd about hr only son; sh may b concrnd about having othr childrn but hr prayr dals with th charactr and powr of God. Although th saying is corny I don t know what my futur holds, but I do know Who holds my futur it is still apropos. You might b xpcting som prophcy with rga to Samul or wos rspcting his futur. That is not Hannah s prayr. Th bulk of this psalm praiss Jhovah, th God of Isral and His gratnss. Hannah dos not rmind God of hr vow or how sh has kpt hr vow or what sh xpcts in rturn. Instad, sh rcognizs God s prfct charactr and His omnipotnc. In th Nw Tstamnt, in Luk 1:46 55, Mary is in hr 3 trimstr, carrying th baby Jsus and sh is visiting Elizabth, a rlativ of hrs (prhaps hr aunt?). Elizabth is carrying John th Baptizr. At som point in thir visit (from th book of Luk, it appars as though this occur whn thy first mt), Mary givs a prayr to God, or a psalm, and this is calld th Magnificat [pronouncd mag-nif--kat]. Th psalm w ar about to xgt, th psalm, or prayr, of Hannah, is calld th Magnificat of th Old Tstamnt. W will compar th two sid-bysid onc w complt th xgsis of Hannah s prayr. Aftr th birth of John th Baptizr, his fathr Zacharias will b filld with th Holy Spirit and also spak a psalm, which is a prophsy of th coming of our Lo Jsus Christ. Thr ar also svral similaritis btwn his prophtic psalm and th psalm of Hannah. David, at th nd of th book of Samul (2Sam. 22 23), will also writ a psalm (actually, two of thm), and thr ar som similaritis btwn his and Hannah s p s a lms a s w ll. Ths two particular psalms ssntially fram th book of Samul. W hav a short introduction which lads to th Psalm of Hannah (1Sam. 1); and aftr th grat psalms of David, w hav ssntially an addndum to th book of Samul. W will of cours mak mntion of ths othr psalms as w run into similar passags. Howvr, bar in mind, Hannah spok hr prayr first; and all of ths psalms wr inspi by God th Holy Spirit. Th NIV Study Bibl commnts: [th psalms of Hannah and David] highlight th ways of God that th narrativ rlats thy contain th thology of th book in th form of prais. Hannah spaks prophtically at a tim whn Isral is about to ntr 2 an important nw priod of hr history with th stablishmnt of kingship through hr son, Samul. On of th things which I found intrsting is that, in digging through th Hbrw vocabulary for this chaptr, I hav dalt with a grat many wos which I hav not sn bfor, vn aftr going through th Pntatuch, Joshua, Judgs, Ruth, svral psalms, th first half of Job and 1Chronicls 1 8. With this pom, w will introduc a fw dozn nw wos into our Hbrw vocabulary. Now, w should xpct this, as w hav a nw spakr, who is dfinitly not th author of th book of Samul. As w hav sn, th author of th book of Samul, thus far, is a fairly simpl prson, whos vocabulary and writing skills ar limitd; Hannah, on th othr hand, will rval hr grat potic mind and marvlous vocabulary. Has rjoicd my hart in Y howah is xaltd my horn in Y howah [or, in my God]. Has Opnd wid my mouth against my nmis bcaus I hav rjoicd in Your salvation. 1Samul 2:1b My hart has rjoicd in Y howah; my horn [or, my strngth] has bn liftd up in Y howah. My mouth has opnd wid against my nmis for I hav rjoicd in Your dlivranc. My thinking and motions hav rjoicd in Jhovah; my strngth has bn liftd up in Him. I yawn at my nmis bcaus I hav rjoicd in Your dlivranc. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: 2 Th NIV Study Bibl; 1995 by Th Zondrvan Corporation; p. 373.
197 Th Book of Samul Latin Vulgat Masortic Txt Pshitta Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: My hart hath rjoicd in th Lo, and my horn is xaltd in my God: my mouth is nlargd ovr my nmis: bcaus I hav joyd in thy salvation. Has rjoicd my hart in Y howah is xaltd my horn in Y howah. Has Opnd wid my mouth against my nmis bcaus I hav rjoicd in Your salvation. My hart is magnifid in th LORD, my horn is xaltd in my God; my mouth uttrs wos against my nmis; bcaus You hav causd m to rjoic in Your salvation. My hart is stablishd in th Lo, my horn is xaltd in my God; my mouth is nlargd ovr my nmis, I hav rjoicd in Your salvation. Th first vrb in th Latin and Hbrw is rjoicd; in th Syriac it is magnifid; and in th Grk, it is stablishd. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: BBE CEV Th Mssag NLT REB TEV My hart is glad in th Lo, my horn is liftd up in th Lo: my mouth is opn wid ovr my hatrs; bcaus my joy is in your salvation. You mak m strong and happy, LORD. You rscud m. Now I can b glad and laugh at my nmis. I'm bursting with God-nws! I'm walking on air. I'm laughing at my rivals. I'm dancing my salvation. My hart rjoics in th LORD! Oh, how th LORD has blssd m! Now I hav an answr for my nmis, as I dlight in your dlivranc. My hart xults in th LORD, in th LORD I now hold my had high; I gloat ovr my nmis; I rjoic bcaus you hav savd m. Th LORD has filld my hart with joy; how happy I am bcaus of what h has don! I laugh at my nmis; how joyful I am bcaus God has hlpd m! Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): God s Wo JPS (Tanakh) My hart finds joy in th LORD. My had is liftd to th LORD. My mouth mocks my nmis. I rjoic bcaus you savd m. My hart xults in th LORD; I hav triumphd [lit., my horn is high] through th LORD. I gloat [lit., my mouth is wid] ovr my nmis; I rjoic in Your dlivranc. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: ESV NRSV My hart xults in th LORD; my strngth is xaltd in th LORD. My mouth drids my nmis, bcaus I rjoic in your salvation. My hart xults in th LORD; my strngth is xaltd in my God. My mouth drids my nmis, bcaus I rjoic in my victory.
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 198 Young s Updatd LT My hart has xultd in Jhovah, My horn has bn high in Jhovah, My mouth has bn larg ovr my nmis, For I hav rjoicd in Thy salvation. What is th gist of this vrs? Hannah fls xaltd and invigoratd. Sh rjoics in th dlivranc of Jhovah. Now, you will not from th bginning of this psalm, Hannah is namo of th Givr and His charactr rathr than with th gift. Hr psalm xalts th prson and th charactr of God, rathr than th gift that God has givn hr. Th nxt tim that you pray for somthing, imagin what you would say if you got what you prayd for. Would it b, Gz, thanks a million tims, thanks. This is just what I wantd! I will trasur this gift and I will b using it all th tim! This is not Hannah s vrbal rspons. Sh thanks th Givr for His prson and charactr. Your parnts might b rich and thy might b poor. What thy giv you in trms of matrial things is inconsquntial. What thy giv you by way of lov, tim and disciplin ths ar gifts which last a liftim and ths ar th gifts which rflct th charactr of your parnts. Whn you You will not from th bginning of this psalm, Hannah is namo of th Givr and His charactr rathr than with th gift. Hr psalm xalts th prson and th charactr of God, rathr than th gift that God has givn hr. thank God, mak crtain that you thank Him for th charactr and dvotion of your parnts. Ths things ar far gratr than any matrial gift that thy will vr giv you. 1Samul 2:1b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs âlats (õìò) - È [pronouncd ìah-lawts] to rjoic, to b joyful, to show [xhibit or fl] a triumphant [and livly] joy 3 prson masculin singular, Qal prfct Strong s #5970 BDB #763 lêb (áåì) [pronouncd layby] hart, innr man, mind, will, thinking masculin singular noun st with th 1 prson singular suffix Strong's #3820 BDB #524 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] Ó in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity Strong s #non BDB #88 YHWH (äåäé) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 Translation: My hart has rjoicd in Y howah;... Th prfct tns in v. 2b rfrs to a compltd action. This dos not man that Hannah is not still happy; howvr, givn what w studid in chaptr 1, hr act of rjoicing (which is lookd upon as a whol) bgan whn Eli, th High Prist, askd that God grant hr rqust and culminatd whn sh bor Samul.
199 Th Book of Samul 1Samul 2:1c Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs rûwm (í ø) [pronouncd room] to lift up, to ris, to aris, to rais up, to grow; to b xaltd, to bcom high, to bcom powrful; to b high an lofty; to b rmot, to b in th far distanc 3 prson fminin singular, Qal prfct Strong's #7311 BDB #926 qrn (ïø ) [pronouncd KEH-rn] horn fminin singular noun st with th 1 prson singular suffix Strong s #7161 BDB #901 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] Ó in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity Strong s #non BDB #88 YHWH (äåäé) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 3 In two arly printd ditions as wll as in th Sptuagint and th Latin Vulgat, this nds with in my God. Translation:...my horn [or, my strngth] has bn liftd up in Y howah. Scond lin bgins with th vrb to xalt, to rais, to lift up and vn to offr up. What is raisd up is th fminin singular noun horn. W cov th Doctrin of Horns back in Lv. 4:18; howvr, what sms to b th gist of its maning is that a prson s horn rfrs to thir strngth. Th origin of this connotation is that th horn rfrs to th ox, a powrful animal, whos powr, in part, is in his horn. Horn can also rfr to arrogant prid (Psalm 75:4 5) and to political and military 4 powr as wll (Psalm 75:10 89:17 Danil 8:20 21). Affixd to qrn (horn) is th prsonal pronominal suffix my and this is followd by in Jhovah, giving us: my horn [or, my strngth] has bn liftd up in Jhovah. Whn a prson s horn is liftd up, it mans that thy hav bn dliv by God from a status of disgrac to a position of 5 honor and strngth. If you will rcall Hannah in th prvious chaptr, sh flt as if sh was in a plac of disgrac, as sh could not bar childrn for hr husband. Jamison, Fausst and Brown offr a diffrnt intrprtation hr: Allusion is hr mad to a pculiarity in th drss of Eastrn womn about Lbanon, which sms to hav obtaind ancintly among th Isralit womn, that of waring a tin or silvr horn on th forhad, on which thir vil is suspndd. Wivs, who hav no childrn, war it projcting in an obliqu dirction, whil thos who bcom mothrs forthwith rais it a fw inchs highr, inclining towas th prpndicular, and by this slight but obsrvabl chang in thir haddrss, mak known, whrvr thy go, th matrnal charactr which thy now bar. 6 I don t know if this is tru or not, but it is intrsting nvrthlss. Thr ar many parallls btwn th psalm of Hannah and th psalm of Mary; thy bgin almost idntically: 1Sam. 2:1b Luk 1:46b 48a 3 Josph Bryant Rothrham s Th Emphasizd Bibl; h1971 by Krgl Publications; p. 290. 4 Takn from Th Nw Scofild Rfrnc Bibl; Dr. C.I. Scofild; 1967 Nw York Oxfo Univrsity Prss; p. 256. 5 Th NIV Study Bibl; 1995 by Th Zondrvan Corporation; p. 373. 6 Robrt Jamison, A. R. Fausst and David Brown; Commntary Critical and Explanatory on th Whol Bibl; from -swo, 1Sam. 2:1.
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 200 My hart has rjoicd in Y howah; my horn [or, my strngth] has bn liftd up in Y howah. My soul xalts th Lo, and my spirit has rjoicd in God my Savior, for H has had rga for th humbl stat of His fmal slav. Rturn to th Parallls of Hannah s Psalm Rturn to th Chart Indx 1Samul 2:1d Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs wa (or va) ( åç) [pronouncd wah] and so, thn wâw conscutiv BDB #253 râchab (á ç øè ) - [pronouncd raw- B SHAH V] to bcom larg, to grow, to b wid 3 prson masculin singular, Qal prfct Strong's #7337 BDB #931 ph (ä ) [pronouncd ph] mouth [of man, animal; as an organ of spch]; opning, orific [of a rivr, wll, tc.]; dg; xtrmity, nd masculin singular noun st with th 1 prson singular suffix Strong s #6310 BDB #804 al (ì òç ) [pronouncd ìahl ] upon, byond, on, against, abov, ovr, by, bsid prposition of proximity Strong s #5920, #5921 BDB #752 âyab (áçàè é ) [pronouncd B aw-ya V] nmy, th on bing at nmity with you; nmity, hostility Qal activ participl with st th 1 prson singular suffix Strong s #340 BDB #33 Translation: My mouth has opnd wid against my nmis... Th thi lin also bgins with a vrb: th Qal prfct of to bcom larg, to grow, to b wid. What bcoms larg is my mouth, which is followd by th prposition al (upon, byond, against, which is followd by th masculin plural, with a Qal activ participl of to b an nmy, which mans to b at nmity, to b hostil. As a participl, it can b rasonably rnd nmy, but it is mor litrally, th on bing at nmity with you. Our thi lin is, thrfor: My mouth opns wid against my nmis. If I opnd my mouth wid bfor my nmis, thy might put a liv insct in it. I suppos that th sns which is convyd is that sh holds hr nmis in drision? My first guss is that sh yawns at hr nmis. Howvr, what is probably th cas is, hr opn mouth mans that sh is going to spak against th nmis. As Clark writs: My faculty of spch is 7 incitd, stir up, to xprss God s disapprobation against my advrsaris. This psalm is Hannah opning hr mouth against ths nmis. Now, who is th nmy that w ar spaking about? W would first assum that it is Pninnah, th othr wif. Howvr, bcaus of th plural, w actually hav widr application than that. Hannah uss th wo nmis in th plural. This is actually a vry important point of intrprtation hr which will hlp to xplain th subsqunt vrss. Vv. 2 3 ar spokn spcifically to th nmis of God. Th rmaindr of th psalm can b takn that way, nd but v. 3 introducs th 2 prson masculin plural, which has to rfr to som group of prsons this vrs indicats that group rfrs to th nmis of Hannah, who would rasonably b thos who do not hold to th omnipotnc and holinss of God (and ar thrfor, th nmis of God). Hannah spaks to ths 7 Adam Clark, Commntary on th Bibl; from -Swo, 1Sam. 2:1.
201 Th Book of Samul nmis howvr, raliz Hannah spaks this prayr through th powr of th Holy Spirit, and it is th Holy Spirit Who spaks to His nmis through this prayr as wll. All of my nmis will b ashamd and gratly dismayd; thy will turn back; thy will suddnly b disgracd (Psalm 6:10). 1Samul 2:1 Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs kîy (é ò ) [pronouncd k] for, that, bcaus; whn, at that tim, which, what tim conjunction; prposition Strong's #3588 BDB #471 sâmach (ç î Ç È ) [pronouncd saw- MAHKH] to rjoic, to b glad, to b joyful, to b mrry st 1 prson singular, Qal prfct Strong s #8055 BDB #970 h b ( ) [pronouncd b ] Ó in, into, through; at, by, nar, on, upon; with, bfor, against; by mans of; among; within a prposition of proximity Strong s #non BDB #88 y shûw âh (äòè é) [pronouncd y shoo- ÌAW] dlivranc, salvation fminin singular noun nd with th 2 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #3444 BDB #447 Translation:...for I hav rjoicd in Your dlivranc. Th fourth lin xplains why th othr lins ar tru. W bgin with th xplanatory us of th prposition kîy followd by th vrb to rjoic, to b glad. This is followd by nd th bêyth prposition followd by th noun dlivranc, salvation. With y shûw âh w hav th 2 prson masculin singular suffix. This givs us: For I hav rjoicd in Your dlivranc [or, salvation]. Hannah bgins to spak out against hr nmy Pninnah bcaus God has dliv hr from childlssnss. What Pninnah has to say is no longr important bcaus Hannah knows that God has dliv hr from barrnnss. Furthrmor, as a blivr, Hannah can spak out against all of hr nmis and all of th nmis of God. God has takn car of that. Ths nmis hr ar th nmis of Isral as wll, and, in this book, thos nmis may rasonably b sn as th Philistins. This particular lin, For I hav rjoicd in your salvation [or, dlivranc], is found throughout Scriptur. Psalm 9:13 14: B gracious to m, O Jhovah, Bhold my affliction from thos who hat m, thos who lift m up from th gats of dath, that I may tll of all Your praiss, that in th gats of th daughtrs of Zion, I may rjoic in Your salvation [or, dlivranc]. Psalm 13:5: But I hav trust in Your grac; my hart will rjoic in Your salvation. Psalm 35:9: And my soul will rjoic in Jhovah; it will xult in His salvation. Finally, concrning God s dlivranc of man, w hav Isa. 12:2: Obsrv, G od is my salvation; I will trust and not b afraid, for Jhovah God is my strngth and song H also has bcom my salvation. Throughout this psalm, w will find parallls btwn it and 2Sam. 22 and th Magnificat. 1Sam. 2:1c My mouth has opnd wid against my nmis for I hav rjoicd in Your dlivranc. 2Sam. 22:47b 50 Th God who xcuts vnganc for m and brings down popls undr m, Who also brings m out from my nmis; You vn lift m abov thos who ris up against m, You rscu m from th violnt man; thrfor, I givs thanks to You, O Jhovah, among th nations, and I will sing praiss to Your nam.
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 202 Rturn to th Parallls of Hannah s Psalm Rturn to th Chart Indx As J. Vrnon McG points out, thr ar thr stags or thr tnss of salva tion. T h past tns is that w blivd in Jsus Christ (or, Jhovah Elohim in th Old Tstamnt) and God savs us or clanss and justifis us. A point of doctrin: h who hars My wo and blivs Him Who snt M, has trnal lif and dos not com into judgmnt, but has passd out of dath into lif. (John 5:24). Th prsnt tns is God s function in our livs today h dlivrs us in a varity of situations from a multitud of sins and from both sn and unsn nmis. It is this daily dlivranc which Hannah is spaking of. Th futur tns of salvation is God s dlivranc of us from spiritual dath. This is don basd upon our faith in Him at som point in our prvious livs (i.., past salvation). Thos who hav not blivd in Him fac trnity in sparation from God; thos who hav blivd in Him spnd trnity with God, trnally sparatd from our old sin naturs. Blovd, now w ar childrn of God and it has not yt appa what w will b. W know that, whn H appars, that w shall b lik Him, bcaus 8 w will s Him just as H is (I John 3:2). Bfor, Hannah could barly at; sh prayd quitly from hr th bittrnss of soul to God. In this psalm, w hav a compltly diffrnt attitud. Hr mouth is opnd wid against all nmis; hr own powr is xaltd; and sh is rjoicing in hr own soul as sh spaks this psalm. Non holy lik Y howah; non bsids You; and no rock lik our Elohim. 1Samul 2:2 Thr is no holy on lik Y howah, for thr is no on [rightous] bsids You; and thr is no rock lik our Elohim. Hr is how othrs hav translatd this vrs: Ancint txts: No on is st apart lik Jhovah; bcaus thr is no on xcpt for You; and thr is no rock lik our God. Latin Vulgat Masortic Txt Pshitta Sptuagint Significant diffrncs: Thr is non holy as th Lo is: for thr is no othr bsid Th, and thr is non strong lik our God. Non holy lik Y howah; non bsids You; and no rock lik our Elohim. Thr is non holy lik th LORD; for thr is non bsids You; and thr is non powrful lik our God. For thr is non holy as th Lo, and thr is non rightous as our God; thr is non holy bsids You. In th LXX, w hav th addition of th wo rightous, which would b on distinguishing charactristic of God; th othr vrsions ssntially allow for a numbr of distinguishing charactristics. In th 3 lin, only th MT says thr is no rock lik our Elohim. Th Latin and Pshitta may do som intrprting, using th wos st strong and powrful. Th LXX sms to ssntially rpat th 1 lin. Th Dad Sa Scrolls ar in agrmnt (what can b rad from thm) with th LXX (only a fw lttrs ar unradabl or missing in th Dad Sa Scrolls). This would suggst that th LXX might b th bttr txt. Still, most translations follow th Hbrw txt. 8 Paraphrasd from J. Vrnon McG, I & 2Samul; h1976 by El Camino Prss; La Vrn, CA; p. 16.
203 Th Book of Samul Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: BBE CEV Th Mssag REB No othr is holy as th Lo, for thr is no othr God but you: thr is no Rock lik our God. No othr god is lik you. W r safr with you than on a high mountain. [I includd this rndring, not bcaus it provids som nw insight, but bcaus it illustrats how far afild th CEV occasionally gos from th original txt]. Nothing and no on is holy lik GOD, no rock mountain lik our God. Thr is on but you, non so holy as th LORD, non so rightous as our God. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): God s Wo Thr is no on holy lik th LORD. Thr is no on but you, O LORD. Thr is no Rock lik our God. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: WEB Young s Updatd LT Thr is non holy as Yahwh; For thr is non bsids you, Nithr is thr any rock lik our God. Thr is non holy lik Jhovah, For thr is non sav You, And thr is no rock lik our God. What is th gist of this vrs? God s uniqunss is xaltd hr. As you rad this and th nxt vrs, bar in mind that this is Hannah spaking by mans of God th Holy Spirit, dirctly to hr nmis, which ar, givn th mans of hr inspiration, th nmis of God. Thrfor, I hav includd singl quots on th nxt two vrss (which could rally b xtndd throughout this ntir psalm). On this vrs, th singl quots do littl to advanc our undrstanding of what is bing said. Howvr, whn going into th nxt vrs, this will all mak sns. 1Samul 2:2a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs êyn (ïéà ) [pronouncd ân] nothing, not, [is] not; not prsnt, not rady; xprsss nonxistnc, absnc or nonpossssion; thr is no [non, no on, not] particl of ngation; substantiv of ngation Strong s #369 BDB #34 qâdôwsh ( ã È ) [pronouncd kaw- DOWSE] sac, holy, st apart, sacrosanct masculin singular adjctiv/noun Strong's #6918 BDB #872 kaph or k ( ) Ó [pronouncd k ] as, lik, accoing to; about, approximatly prposition of comparison or approximation BDB #453
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 204 1Samul 2:2a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs YHWH (äåäé) [pronunciation is possibly yhoh-wah] translitratd variously as Jhovah, Yahwh, Y howah propr noun Strong s #3068 BDB #217 Translation: Thr is no holy on lik Y howah,... W bgin with th Hbrw construct which mans in th condition of bing not = without. W oftn supply a vrb for this substantiv and rndr it thr is no. This is followd by th adjctiv sac, holy, st apart, sacrosanct. Whn this adjctiv stands by itslf, it functions lik a substantiv. It should b rnd holy on, st-apart on, sac on, conscratd on, on st apart to God. Although hr, in Job 15:15, it rfrs to God s angls, it also can rfr to blivrs (Dut. 33:3 Psalm 106:16). This is followd by lik Y howah, giving us: Thr is no holy on lik Y howah. God is uniqu among all othr things. H is in a class by Himslf. H is not simply a national god; H is not on mmbr of this hug panthon of gods thr is no on holy lik Jhovah. W hav svral nams applid to God; on of th most common is Elohim, which is plural (th -im nding is an indication that a wo is in th plural in th Hbrw). This titl is applid both to God individually and to God th Trinity, as wll as to hathn gods. Howvr, w hav a propr nam for God in th Old Tstamnt Y howah, or Jhovah, or Yahwh; and, although this nam is applid to th various individual mmbrs of th Trinity (although primarily to th Scond Prson of th Trinity), it is nvr applid to any god outsid of th Trinity. My point in this is, Islam has a god thy call Allah; h is not th God; Hinduism has a vritabl panthon of gods non of thm ar th God; th nations which surroundd Isral all worshippd various gods non of thm wr th God. Thr was On God thn, and thr is On God now Scriptur has consistntly taught us that from th vry bginning. On God in purpos, in charactr, in unity; thr in prson and this is taught from th vry bginning in Gn. 1 to th vry nd in Rv. 22:17 21. 1Samul 2:2b Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs kîy (é ò ) [pronouncd k] for, that, bcaus; whn, at that tim, which, what tim conjunction; prposition Strong's #3588 BDB #471 êyn (ïéà ) [pronouncd ân] nothing, not, [is] not; not prsnt, not rady; xprsss nonxistnc, absnc or nonpossssion; thr is no [non, no on, not] particl of ngation; substantiv of ngation Strong s #369 BDB #34 bil tîy ( é. ì ò ) pronouncd bill -TEE] without, bsids, xcpt prposition/advrb with nd th 2 prson masculin singular suffix Strong s #1115 BDB #116 Bil tîy actually has svral applications: an advrb of ngation (not); as a prposition/advrb which mans without, bsids xcpt; as a conjunction which mans bsids that, unlss that, unlss. Translation:...for thr is no on [rightous] bsids You;... This continus th thought of th prvious vrs. God s uniqunss is rcognizd by Hannah in this psalm.
205 Th Book of Samul 1Samul 2:2b from th Grk Sptuagint Grk/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Strong s Numbr kaí (Êáß) [pronouncd kî] and, vn, also conjunction Strong s #2532 ouk (ï ê) [pronouncd ook] no, not, nothing, non, no on ngation Strong s #3756 imi (å ìß) [pronouncd y-me] to b, is, was, will b; am; to xist; to stay; to occur, to tak plac; to b prsnt [availabl] 3 prson singular, prsnt activ indicativ Strong s #1510 dikaios (äßêáéïò, áßá, ïí) [pronouncd DIH-kaioss] rightous, just, upright; prfct rightousnss; lawabiding, faultlss, guiltlss, innocnt; approvd by [or accptabl to] God masculin singular adjctiv Strong s #1342 hôs ( ò) [pronouncd hohç] lik, as, vn as comparativ particl Strong s #5613 th dfinit articl for a masculin singular noun Strong s #3588 thos (èåüò) [pronouncd thh-oss] God, [th tru] God; divin bing; god, goddss, divinity masculin singular noun Strong s #3588 ì í us, of us, from us, our st 1 prson plural pronoun, gnitiv/ablativ cas Strong s #1473 Translation:...and no on is rightous lik our God,... This is probably th mor accurat rading, as it is found this way in th Dad Sa Scrolls. On th othr hand, it would not sm too out of lin for a scrib to insrt, accidntally or to fill out th phras, th wo rightous. In any cas, thr is no on lik God and thr is no on rightous lik God. Givn th many mn and womn who autho portions of th Wo of God, you would xpct many thological diffrncs. Aftr all, in th Protstant branch of th Church in th Unitd Stats, thr ar thos of a libral bnd who vn hold that in whom you bliv is not as important as that you bliv. W do not hav thos thological diffrncs in Scriptur. Hr, Hannah spaks, Thr is no holy bing lik Jhovah, for thr is no on bsids You. 400 yars prvious, Moss wrot: Who is lik You among th gods, O Jhovah? Who is lik You, majstic in holinss, awsom in praiss, working wondrs? (Ex. 15:11). And latr Moss wrot, And thr rock is not lik our Rock; vn our nmis thmslvs can discrn this. (Dut. 32:31). Two cnturis latr, Isaiah quotd God, Who said, I am Jhovah, and thr is no othr; bsids M, thr is no God. I will gi you, though you hav not known M; that mn may know from th rising to th stting of th sun that thr is no on bsids M. I am Jhovah, and thr is no othr. (Isa. 45:5 6). And Isa. 40:18: To whom thn will you likn God? or what liknss will you compar to him? (s Jr. 10:6 as wll). And, ovr a thousand yars latr, Ptr cris out to th mn of Jrusalm: And thr is no salvation in anyon ls; for thr is no othr nam undr havn givn among mn by which w must b savd. (Acts 4:12). During th tim that Scriptur was writtn, during thos 3000 or so yars, th rligions of man took many forms and followd many paths, including corruptd viws of th Truth. Evn in th Unitd Stats, ovr th past 400 yars, w can xamin th Protstant branch of Christianity and s that, dspit its foundation in th Truth of God s Wo, it is, in many ways, a rflction of th socity around it and that
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 206 many of our church traditions, practics and blifs stm as much from socity as thy do from th Wo. Howvr, what Scriptur tachs us concrning th charactr and prson of God (as wll as th prson and charactr of man) is unwavring from gnration to gnration, th mssag of God s Wo rmains th sam, rgalss of th author or th socity of its tim priod. As I writ ths things, carfully, vn pondrously xamining th Wo of God, focusing somtims on ach wo, ach phras, vry nuanc and connction that I can find; I hav no ida what will bcom of this xamination. I bgan xgting God s Wo narly 7 yars ago, having no ida thn and no ida now what will b th nd. Howvr, what I do know is, thr is nothing mor important to us in ths tims than th corrct undrstanding of th Wo of God. And so I prss on, writing for two or mor hours vry singl day, knowing that God has a purpos and God has a plan. I know that I am a part of that plan and I know that th xgtical study of His Wo is a part of His plan for my lif. What I hav obsrvd in this lif on a daily basis is blivrs mn and womn of faith committing unspakabl acts; saying and doing things that mak you wondr, how can thy hav any connction to th plan and will of God? I v sn blivrs su othr blivrs, thir only motivation bing g. I hav sn blivrs continually malign and gossip about othr blivrs. I hav sn blivrs who, on th on hand, list God is numbr on on thir scal of valus, and thn liv in sin apart from marriag, apart from vn a common-law marriag. Our bhavior as blivrs is an mbarrassmnt to th Christian faith. You don t bliv that Satan taks your actions to God on a daily basis, saying, Look at what Charli Brown is doing today. And you ar xmpting him from th Lak of Fir? Evrything around you is st thr to tak you from th plan of God. Evrything around you is carfully placd in or to nutraliz your plac in God s plan. Satan was unabl to kp us from bliving in th Son of God; howvr, what h is abl to do is to consistntly rmov us from our path. God has a plan for our livs, and Satan and his dmonic forcs ar abl to caus us to vr from this path. What rturns us to our walk with God is His Wo. W grow in His Wo and w ar corrctly guidd by His Wo. So, what would you xpct? You would xpct Satan to do vrything in his powr to kp th Wo of God out of th Church and away from th pulpit. Evry now and again, I listn to Christian radio how oftn do I har a carful xgtical study of His Wo? Rarly. How oftn do I vn har His Wo rad? Rarly. Now, I har many diffrnt pastors spaking and taching, but most of thm at bst spnd 5 minuts on God s Wo and 50 minuts on othr things. I v ha many diffrnt radio programs on Christian radio, but barly a handful hav anything to do with God s Wo and Christianity. This is what w should xpct. It is th dvil s world and h will do vrything in his powr to obscur th Wo of God and to nutraliz God s popl. 1Samul 2:2c Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs w (or v ) (å) [pronouncd wh] and, vn, thn; namly; whn; sinc, that; though simpl wâw conjunction BDB #251 êyn (ïéà ) [pronouncd ân] nothing, not, [is] not; not prsnt, not rady; xprsss nonxistnc, absnc or nonpossssion; thr is no [non, no on, not] particl of ngation; substantiv of ngation Strong s #369 BDB #34 tsûwr (ø ö) [pronouncd tzoor] rock, cliff masculin singular noun Strong s #6697 BDB #849 kaph or k ( ) Ó [pronouncd k ] as, lik, accoing to; about, approximatly prposition of comparison or approximation BDB #453
207 Th Book of Samul 1Samul 2:2c Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs Ì lôhîym (îé äò Éì àá ) [pronouncd l-o-heem] gods or God; translitratd Elohim masculin plural noun st with th 1 prson plural suffix Strong's #430 BDB #43 Translation:...and thr is no rock lik our Elohim. Rock givs us th ida of nvr changing and stability. Not that th wo in th Grk is rightous; howvr, fw of th translators which I chckd chos th Grk altrnativ (th xcption is th REB). You will also not th chang of prson. In th first part v. 2, Jhovah is spokn of in nd th 3 prson; in th scond part of th vrs, H is spokn of in th 2 prson singular; and in th thi part, w ar back to th 3 prson again. V. 1 was similar in th first two lins, Hannah spaks of God in th 3 prson, nd but thn, in th fourth lin, says Your salvation, which brings him into th 2 prson. Th point in mntioning this, is that w cannot dpnd upon prson alon to idntify of whom or to whom w ar spaking. You will rcall that I said that th book of Samul is framd by this psalm and David s Psalm; obsrv th paralll: 1Sam. 2:2 2Sam. 22:32 Thr is no holy on lik Y howah, for thr is no on bsids You; and thr is no rock lik our Elohim. For who is God, bsid Y howah? And who is th Rock, bsids our Elohim? Rturn to th Parallls of Hannah s Psalm Rturn to th Chart Indx Although w hav studid svral psalms, fw of thm had bn writtn prior to th writing of this Psalm (I bliv that Moss psalms and Dborah s psalm ar th only pr-hannah psalms). Hannah, in many ways, st som prcdnts with hr psalm. At th nd of this vrs, sh rfrs to th Rock, Who is Christ Jsus, Jhovah Elohim. Jacob usd a similar wo in Gn. 49:24, rfrring to th strngth of Josph: His arms ar mad strong from th hands of th Mighty On of Jacob (from thr is th Shph, th Ston of Isral). Jacob, in this blssing, rfrs both to Josph and to Jsus, of Whom Josph is a typ. A fw hund yars latr, Moss wrot a psalm (calld th Song of Moss by svral translators) which is placd at th nd of Dutronomy, and it is hr whr God th Son is first calld th Rock. Th Rock! His work is prfct, for all His ways ar just. H is a God of faithfulnss and without injustic H is rightous and upright (Dut. 32:4; s also vv. 18, 30, 31). I should also quot Psalm 18:2: Yahwh is my rock, my fortrss, and my dlivrr; My God, my rock, in whom I tak rfug; My shild, and th horn of my salvation, my high towr. And Psalm 18:31: For who is God, xcpt Yahwh? Who is a rock, bsids our God. In this vrs, Hannah continus th tradition of th Jacob and Moss by rfrring to our Lo as th Rock. David will latr continu this tradition, rfrring to Jhovah Elohim as th Rock in 2Sam. 22:3, 32, 47 23:3. Thn, w find similar rfrncs throughout th psalms, including Psalms 18, 19, 28, 31, 61, 62, 71, 73, 78, 89, 92, 94, 95, 144. In fact, th only rfrncs to Jsus Christ as th Rock ar found in Potry (s also Isa. 2:10 26:4 30:29 and Habak. 1:12). What actually occurs is this mtamorphous concrning God s Rock. At first, rfrncs to God as th Rock of Isral mphasiz th stability, strngth and protction which w ar assu of in God. Howvr, as Scriptur progrsss, th Rock tnds to tak on a dciddly Mssianic connotation. This is not a chang, pr s, xcpt in our prcption. God has always bn our strngth and protction and stability; God has always bn fully manifstd in th prson of His Son; His Son has always bn our Savior and Mssiah. W put it altogthr today, rcognizing that Jsus is God, Jsus is Mssiah, Jsus is th Rock of Ags; howvr, throughout th Old Tstamnt, this was a gradual,
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 208 progrssiv rvlation. Today, w know that our Lo is our Rock, as H tlls us in Matt. 16:18: Upon this Rock, I will build My Church. 9 I want you to notic th focus of this psalm it is not about Samul. As Matthw Hnry writs: What grat things sh says of God. Sh tak s littl notic of th particular mrcy sh was now rjoicing in, dos not commnd Samul for th prttist child, th most towa and snsibl for his ag that sh vr saw, as fond parnts ar too apt to do. No, sh ovrlooks th gift, and praiss th givr; whras most forgt th givr and fastn only on th gift. Evry stram should lad us to th fountain; and th favours w rciv from God should rais our admiration of th infinit prfctions thr ar in God. 10 You [all] will not multiply; you [all] will [not] talk high high; will com bold [impudnt wos] from your [plural] mouth for a God of knowldgs is Y howah and not masu ar actions [or, and to Him, masu ar actions]. 1Samul 2:3 You will not multiply [your] arroganc ; you will [not] proclaim arroganc [or, Stop spaking with such (unrstraind) arroganc]. Unrstraind [or, arrogant] [spch] coms forth from your mouths for a God of [all] knowldg [is] Y howah and, with rspct to Him, actions ar masu [or, (vil) actions ar not masu]. Stop spaking with such arroganc as your mouths spw forth unrstraind spch, for Jhovah is a God of knowldg and all actions ar masu by Him. It appars as though this vrs could b difficult. Howvr, thr ar two points of intrprtation which hlp us to nd grasp what is hr. W suddnly find th author spaking to ths smingly unnamd 2 prson masculin plural prsons. Ths ar th nmis of Hannah who ar, by inspiration of th co-author of this Psalm, God th Holy Spirit, nmis of God. Scondly, in th Hbrw, w find a ngativ in th final lin, which maks littl or no sns. Lt s bgin with what othrs hav don: Ancint txts: Latin Vulgat Masortic Txt Pshitta Sptuagint Do not multiply to spak lofty things, boasting: lt old mattrs dpart from your mouth: for th Lo is a God of all knowldg, and to Him ar thoughts prpa. You [all] will not multiply; you [all] will [not] talk high high; will com bold [impudnt wos] from your mouth for a God of knowldgs is Y howah and not masu ar actions [or, and to Him, masu ar actions]. Talk no mor so xcding proudly; Lt not arroganc com out of your mouths; for th LORD is a God of knowldg, and no dvics can stand bfor Him. Boast not, and uttr not high things; lt not high sounding wos com out of your mouth, for th Lo is a God of knowldg, 9 Our Lo was not rfrring to Ptr in this vrs, as th nam Ptr dos rfr to a rock, but to a smallr s ton. Th scond wo for Rock rfrs to a much largr bouldr, Who is our Lo. It was simply a play on wos, which is quit common in Scriptur. 10 Matthw Hnry, Commntary on th Whol Bibl; from -Swo, 1Sam. 2:1 10.
209 Th Book of Samul and God prpars His own dsigns. Significant diffrncs: I bliv th d iff r n c s in th first lin ar simply of intrprtation th LXX translators of this portion wr attmpting to givn th gist of what thy found in th Hbrw txt. Again, in th scond lin, I think th diffrnc is a mattr of intrprtation; howvr, th Latin maks littl sns: old mattrs? Th Syriac is in lin with th Hbr w. As for th final lin vry translation smd to go its own way. Basd on ths ancint translations alon, w can tll thr ar going to b problms. Thought-for-thought translations; paraphrass: BBE CEV Th Mssag REB TEV Say no mor wos of prid; lt not uncontrolld sayings com out of your mouths: for th Lo is a God of knowldg, by him acts ar judgd. I can tll thos proud popl, "Stop your boasting! Nothing is hiddn from th LORD, and h judgs what w do.". Don't dar talk prtntiously not a wo of boasting, vr! For GOD knows what's going on. H taks th masur of vrything that happns. Cas your proud boasting, lt no wo of arroganc pass your lips, for th Lo is a God who knows; h govrns what mortals do. Stop your loud boasting; silnc your proud wos. For th Lo is a God who knows and h judgs all that popl do. Mostly litral rndrings (with som occasional paraphrasing): God s Wo JPS (Tanakh) "Do not boast or lt arroganc com out of your mouth bcaus th LORD is a God of knowldg, and h wighs our actions. Talk no mor with lofty prid, Lt no arroganc cross your lips! For th Lo is an all-knowing God, By Him actions ar masu. Litral, almost wo-for-wo, rndrings: Updatd Emphasizd Bibl HCSB WEB Young s Updatd LT Do not multiply wos so loftily loftily, Nor lt arroganc procd from your mouth, for <a God of knowldg> is Yahwh, And <for himslf> ar grat doings mad firm. Do not boast so proudly, or lt arrogant wos com out of your mouth, for th LORD is a God of knowldg, and actions ar wighd by Him. Talk no mor so xcding proudly; Don't lt arroganc com out of your mouth; For Yahwh is a God of knowldg, By him actions ar wighd. You multiply not you spak haughtily Th old saying gos out from your mouth, For a God of knowldg is Jhovah, And by Him actions ar wighd. What is th gist of this vrs? This is difficult to summariz, bcaus th translation is difficult. It sms to say that w should not b arrogant or xprss our arroganc bcaus Jhovah is a God of knowldg and H thrfor knows all about us H has wighd our actions. H knows w hav no rason to b arrogant.
1Samul Chaptr 2 (Part I) 210 1Samul 2:3a Hbrw/Pronunciation Common English Manings Nots/Morphology Numbrs al (ì à) [pronouncd al] - not; nothing; non advrb of ngation; conjunction of prohibiting, dhorting, dprcating, dsir that somthing not b don Strong s #408 BDB #39. râbâh (ä áè øè ) [pronouncd b raw -VAWH] to mak [do] much; to multiply, to incras; to giv much; to lay much; to hav much; to mak grat nd 2 prson masculin plural, Hiphil imprfct Strong s #7235 BDB #915 dâbar (ø áç ãè ) [pronouncd b daw -VAHR] to spak, to talk [and back with action], to giv an opinion, to xpound, to mak a formal spch, to spak out, to promis, to propos, to spak kindly of, to dclar, to proclaim, to announc nd 2 prson masculin plural, Pil imprfct Strong s #1696 BDB #180 gâbôhah ( Éá âè ) - b [pronouncd gaw -VOH- ah] high, xaltd; proud, arrogant; powrful fminin singular adjctiv construct #1362, #1364 BDB #147 gâbôhah ( Éá âè ) - b [pronouncd gaw -VOH- ah] high, xaltd; proud, arrogant; powrful fminin singular adjctiv construct #1362, #1364 BDB #147 Translation: You will not multiply [your] arroganc; you will [not] proclaim arroganc [or, Stop spaking with such (unrstraind) arroganc]. W bgin this vrs with th ngativ al (ì à) [pronouncd al], which is only usd with nd - th imprfct and not th imprativ. Thn w hav th 2 prson masculin plural, Hiphil imprfct of to bcom much, to bcom many, to multiply, to incras in population and in whatvr ls. In th Hiphil, it mans to caus to bcom many, to mak much, to multiply, to incras, to nlarg, to caus to gratly incras. Thn w hav nd th 2 prson masculin plural, Pil imprfct of to talk. This is followd by a doubling of th fminin singular adjctiv high, xaltd, proud, arrogant. Thr is anothr considration, and I do not know how valid it is. Th two vrbs in th forms that thy ar in, apart from th vowl points, could b mistakn for on anothr that is, two of thir lttrs ar commonly mis-writtn in Scriptur for two othr lttrs indicating that it is possibl that w should hav a rptition of th vrb as wll. Although I doubt this, I mntion it, as you would not notic it in th English. Now, as for giving this som kind of undrstandabl and litral translation, forgt about it. Litrally, what w hav is: You [all] will not multiply; you [all] will [not] talk high high. It might b takn as two sparat sntncs smooshd togthr with on ngativ which applis to thm both, giving us: You will not multiply [your] hight [prid]; you will [not] talk proudly. Thr was a lot of chating going on with that translation. First of all, high is almost always found in connction with mountains and vry rarly do w find it maning proud or pridful. Howvr, w do hav som xcptions (Psalm 138:6 Isa. 5:15). Ths two xcptions allow us to viw this wo mor mtaphorically than w would othrwis. Bcaus of th mtr of th psalm, and bcaus of th similarity of thought, ths ar placd togthr as on sntnc, although w could rasonably sparat thm into two.