Congregation Shir Tikvah Guide to Erev Shabbat at Home

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שיר תקוה ק"ק Congregation Shir Tikvah Guide to Erev Shabbat at Home "We live in an age where family is being newly valued, and where the richness of Shabbat home liturgy is in greater demand than ever before." - Rabbi Lawrence A. Hoffman, Shabbat At Home Throughout Jewish history, the beginning of Shabbat has always been a moment which is ritually marked both personally and communally by the Jewish people. In ancient days our ancestors marked the start of Shabbat by ceasing from daily work, and by adding a pinch of aromatic spice to the oil lamps in the home. In the Temple, an extra sacrificial animal was dedicated to the holy day. Later, our ancestors who wandered in European exile celebrated Shabbat in ways that grew in cultural complexity and meaning. In the Middle Ages Jews knew the beginning of Shabbat as a time for the best meal of the week, in honor of the day; men would go to their small village s only synagogue, women and their daughters would light candles at home at sunset while the men were in shul with their sons. (Kabbalat Shabbat, the welcoming of Shabbat, only began to develop the centrality it now has in our Friday evening prayers after the 16 th century mystics of Tzfat created most of the rituals we associate with it today, such as the singing of Lekha Dodi.) It was when the men arrived home that Shabbat truly began, and all gathered around the table with the guests that had been invited to sing, to share stories of the week, to eat, and to hear at least one of the guests offer a few words about the parashat hashavua, the Torah portion of the week. In the modern era, many of us lost our connection to the ritual of Kabbalat Shabbat at home as we found ourselves influenced by non-jewish American rhythms of life. Distance and demands of work keep us from being able to experience both the communal welcoming of Shabbat in the synagogue, and the home celebration with family and friends. The two rituals developed together and were never meant to stand alone, but often we must choose between them. This Shabbat At Home guide is meant to help us re-acquaint ourselves with the ritual of kabbalat Shabbat at home. It is not meant to encourage a return to pre-modernity, but an informed awareness of the ritual forms which gave meaning to our people's life, and still do in many communities. In our egalitarian congregation, we obviously do not expect that the women will cook and the men will lead the ritual unless that is the agreement, freely arrived at! To be a Jew today is to learn of our past and thoughtfully to make choices regarding our own sense of Jewish identity, for ourselves and our families. This guide seeks to empower those who would learn more, through experience, of the rituals which give meaning to the holy day which is Shabbat. Enjoy, and Shabbat shalom! שלום! שבת 1

Kabbalat Shabbat Welcoming the Shabbat Every erev (eve of) Shabbat is welcomed by the ceremony of Kabbalat Shabbat, a ritual of blessings and song which helps us to make the transition from our busy work week to the spiritual peace of Shabbat. Starting with a simple song helps us to calm down and get ready to welcome Shabbat. Try an easy repetitive song: you can sing the words or la la them. Bim bam, Shabbat Shalom! בם בם, שבת שלום סדר הדלקת הנרות Ritual for Lighting the Shabbat Candles On erev Shabbat: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם א שׁ ר ק דּ שׁ נוּ בּ מ צ וֹת יו ו צ וּ נוּ ל ה ד ל יק נ ר שׁ ל שׁ בּ ת: Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha'olam asher kidshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu l'hadlik ner shel Shabbat. Blessed is the Source of Life, the holiness we touch through the mitzvah of lighting the Shabbat candles. On erev Yom Tov (holiday): בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם א שׁ ר ק דּ שׁ נוּ בּ מ צ וֹת יו ו צ וּ נוּ ל ה ד ל יק נ ר שׁ ל יוֹם טוֹב: Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha'olam asher kidshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu l'hadlik ner shel Yom Tov. Blessed is the Source of Life, the holiness we touch through the mitzvah of lighting the holy day candles. On erev Yom Tov which falls on erev Shabbat: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם א שׁ ר ק דּ שׁ נוּ בּ מ צ וֹת יו ו צ וּ נוּ ל ה ד ל יק נ ר שׁ ל שׁ בּ ת ו שׁ ל יוֹם טוֹב: Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha'olam asher kidshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu l'hadlik ner shel Shabbat v'yom Tov. Blessed is the Source of Life, the holiness we touch through the mitzvah of lighting the candles of Shabbat and the holy day. 2

ברכת הבנים children blessing of the It is traditional to bless the children after the candles are lit, before the meal. For a boy: Y'simkha Elohim k'efrayim v'khi'menashe. May God make you like Efrayim and Menashe. For a girl: Y'simekh Elohim k'sarah, Rivkah, Rakhel v'leah. May God make you like Sarah, Rebekah, Rakhel and Leah. Alternative version: היי אשר תהיי והיי ברוכה באשר תהיי (for a girl) hayee asher tihiyee vhayee b'rukhah ba'asher tihyee. היה אשר תהיה והיה ברוך באשר תהיה (for a boy) heyeh asher tiheyeh v'heyeh barukh ba'asher tiheyeh. Y'varekh'kha Adonai v'yish'marekha. May God bless and guard you. Yah-eyr Adonai panav eylekha vikhuneka. May the presence of God be as a light before you. Yisa Adonai panav eylekha v'yasem l'kha shalom. Following, for both: י ב ר כ ך י ה ו ה ו י שׁ מר ך: י א ר י ה ו ה פּ נ יו א ל יך ו יח נּ ךּ: י שּׂ א י ה ו ה פּנ יו א ל יך ו י שׂ ם ל ך שׁ לוֹם: ברכת האהובים ואהובות beloved blessing of the One partner: How fine you are, my love, how fine you are. The other partner: How fine are you, my love, what joy is ours. Together: Mah yafit umah na'amt ahavah batah-ah-gunim Of all pleasure, the sweetest is the taste of love. - from the Song of Songs 3

Shalom aleykhem malakhey hashareyt malakhey elyon mimelekh malakhey ham'lakhim hakadosh barukh hu Bo'akhem l'shalom, malakhey hashalom, malakhey elyon mimelekh malakhey ham'lakim hakadosh baruch hu Barkhuni l'shalom, malakhey hashalom, malakhey elyon mimelekh malakhey ham'lakim hakadosh baruch hu Tzeytkhem l'shalom, malakhey hashalom, malakhey elyon mimelekh malakhey ham'lakim hakadosh baruch hu שלום עליכם מלכי השלום מלכי עליון ממלך מלאכי המלכים הקדוש - ברוך הוא - בואכם לשלום מלכי השלום מלכי עליון ממלך מלאכי המלכים הקדוש ברוך הוא ברכוני לשלום מלכי השלום מלכי עליון ממלך מלאכי המלכים הקדוש ברוך הוא צאתכם לשלום מלכי השלום מלכי עליון ממלך מלאכי המלכים הקדוש ברוך הוא Welcome to you, messengers of help, angels of the most high From the great and mysterious source of life, the holy One, may it be blessed! Come in peace, Bless me for peace, Go in peace, messengers of the Most High! קידוש לליל שבת: We continue with the Kiddush, the blessing over wine תּ ח לּ ה ל מ ק ר א י קד שׁ זכ ר ל יצ יאַת מ צ ר י ם. כּ י ב נוּ ב ח ר תּ ו אוֹת נוּ ק דּ שׁ תּ מ כּ ל Ki hu yom tekhilah l mikra ey kodesh, zekher l tzi at mitzrayim. Ki vanu vakharta v otanu kidashta mikol ה ע מּ ים ו שׁ בּ ת ק ד שׁ ך בּ אַה ב ה וּב ר צוֹן ה נ ח ל תּ נוּ: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י הו ה. מ ק דּ שׁ ה שּׁ בּ ת: ha'amim v shabbat kod sheh-kha b ahavah uv ratzon hinkhaltanu. Barukh atah Adonai m kadeysh hashabbat. יוֹם ה שּׁ שּׁ י. ו י כ לּוּ ה שּׁ מ י ם ו ה אָר ץ ו כ ל צ ב אָם:ו י כ ל א לה ים בּ יּוֹם ה שּׁ ב יע י Yom hashishi: vayakhulu hashamayim v ha aretz, v kol tzva am, vay khal Elohim bayom hashvi i מ כּ ל מ ל אכ תּוֹ א שׁ ר ע שׂ ה:ו י ב ר ך א ל ה ים א ת יוֹם ה שּׁ ב יע י ו י ק דּ שׁ אתוֹ. כּ י בוֹ mikol m lakhto asher asah, vay varekh Elohim et yom hashvi i vay kadeysh oto ki vo שׁ ב ת מ כּ ל מ ל אכ תּוֹ א שׁ ר בּ ר א א לה ים ל ע שׂוֹת: shavat mikol m lakhto asher bara Elohim la asot. בּ רוּך אַתּ ה יי א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם בּוֹר א פּ ר י ה גּ פ ן. Barukh ata Adonai Eloheynu Melekh ha-olam borey pree hagafen. בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י הו ה א לה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם. א שׁ ר ק דּ שׁ נוּ בּ מ צ וֹת יו ו ר צ ה ב נוּ. Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha olam, asher kidshanu b mitzvotahv v ratza vanu ו שׁ בּ ת ק ד שׁוֹ בּ אַה ב ה וּב ר צוֹן ה נ ח יל נוּ. ז כּ רוֹן ל מ ע שׂ ה ב ר אשׁ ית. כּ י הוּא יוֹם V shabbat kodsho b ahava uv ratzon hinkhaltanu, zikaron l ma aseh bereshit. We give thanks for the awesome, mysterious power of the universe which causes vines to grow and grapes to ripen, making our ritual a symbol of freedom as we remember the Exodus from Egypt. We give thanks for the mitzvot of our relationship with God, for the Shabbat, for love and learning, and for memory. This is our day, the most holy of all days, a reminder of the Exodus from Egypt, and on it we give thanks for the gift of our Jewish heritage. Blessed is the Shabbat, for this chance to make our lives holy. 4

Traditionally one pauses here to ritually wash the hands, while saying the following blessing: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם א שׁ ר ק דּ שׁ נוּ בּ מ צ וֹת יו ו צ וּ נוּ על נטילת ידיים. Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha'olam asher kidshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu al netilat yadayim. Blessed is the source of Holiness which we touch through mitzvot such as washing of the hands. בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם. ה מּוֹצ יא ל ח ם מ ן ה אָר ץ: Barukh atah Adonai Eloheynu melekh ha olam hamotzi lekhem min ha aretz. Blessed is the source of Life which causes grain to grow and inspires the labor which turns it into bread. The Meal is Served ברכת המזון Meals Birkat hamazon, the Grace after It is a two-thousand year old tradition to give thanks after eating with the following prayer: When God returned the exiles to Zion we were as dreamers, full of joyful laughter. They said among the nations, "God has done great things for them!" Yes, God has done great things for us. O God, return all our exiles, let them come home as great floods in the Negev may those who went out to sow in tears come home bearing their sheaves in joy. שׁ יר ה מּ ע לוֹת. בּ שׁוּב י ה ו ה א ת שׁ יב ת צ יּוֹן ה י ינוּ כּ ח ל מ ים: אָז י מּ ל א שׂ חוֹק פּ ינוּ וּל שׁוֹנ נוּ ר נּ ה. אָז י אמ רוּ ב גּוֹי ם ה ג דּ יל י ה ו ה ל ע שׂוֹת ע ם א לּ ה: ה ג דּ יל י ה ו ה ל ע שׂוֹת ע מּ נוּ. ה י ינוּ שׂ מ ח ים: שׁוּב ה י ה ו ה א ת שׁ ב ית נוּ כּ א פ יק ים בּ נּ ג ב: ה זּ ר ע ים בּ ד מ ע ה בּ ר נּ ה י ק צ רוּ: ה לוֹך י ל ך וּב כ ה נ שׂ א מ שׁ ך ה זּ ר ע. בּ א י ב א ב ר נּ ה. נ שׂ א א ל מּ ת יו: Shir hama'alot: b'shuv Adonai et shivat Tziyon hayinu k'kholmim, az y'maleh skhok pinu ul'shoneynu rinah. Az yomru vagoyim higdil Adonai la'asot im aleh, higdil Adonai la'aot imanu hayinu s'meykhim. Shuvah Adonai et shiviteynu ka'afikim banegev! Hazorim b'dimah b'rinah yiktzoru. Halokh yelekh uvakhoh, nosey meshekh hazara, bo yavo v'rinah noseh alumotav. חברי נ ב ר ך: nevarekh! Friends, let us give thanks to God! khaverai, י ה י שׁ ם י ה ו ה מ ב ר ך מ ע תּ ה ו ע ד עוֹל ם: forever! May the name of God be blessed yehi shem Adonai m'vorakh m'atah v'ad olam בּ ר שׁוּת חברי נ ב ר ך א ל ה ינוּ שׁ אָכ ל נוּ מ שּׁ לּוֹ: life. Let us thank the Source of Life for birshut khaverai nevarkh Eloheynu she'akhalnu mishelo בּ רוּך א ל ה ינוּ שׁ אָכ ל נוּ מ שּׁ לּוֹ וּב טוּבוֹ ח י ינוּ: Blessed is God, the Source of all Life! barukh Eloheynu she'akhalnu mishelo uv'tuvo khayinu בּ רוּך הוא וברוך שׁ מוֹ: Blessed is God, blessed is God's name. barukh hu uvarukh shemo בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ מ ל ך ה עוֹל ם. ה זּ ן א ת ה עוֹל ם כּ לּוֹ. בּ טוּבוֹ בּ ח ן בּ ח ס ד וּב ר ח מ ים. הוּא נוֹת ן ל ח ם ל כ ל בּ שׂ ר. כּ י ל עוֹל ם ח ס דּוֹ: וּב טוּבוֹ ה גּ דוֹל תּ מ יד ל א ח ס ר ל נוּ ו אַל י ח ס ר ל נוּ מ זוֹן ל עוֹל ם ו ע ד. בּ ע בוּר שׁ מוֹ ה גּ דוֹל. כּ י הוּא א ל ז ן וּמ פ ר נ ס ל כּ ל וּמ ט יב ל כּ ל וּמ כין מ זוֹן ל כ ל בּ ר יּוֹת יו א שׁ ר בּ ר א: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה. ה זּ ן א ת ה כּ ל: Barukh atah Adonai eloheynu melekh ha'olam hazan et ha'olam kulo b'tuvo b'khen b'khesed uvrakhamim. Hu noten lekhem l'kol basar ki l'olam khasdo, uvtuvo hagadol tamid lo khasar Blessed is God, Source of All Life, sustainer of All the World in compassion and mercy we find God's sustaining care extended to all creation, for God's mercy never fails. It is a miracle of unlimited goodness that we constantly find that we have all we need, sustaining our bodies and our souls. We give thanks for all that sustains us. 5

lanu v'al yekhsar lanu mazon l'olam va'ed. Ba'avur shemo hagadol ki hu El zan umfarnes hakol umeytiv lakol umeykhin mazon l'khol briotav asher bara. Barukh atah Adonai hazan et hakol. ו ע ל ה כּ ל י ה ו ה א ל ה ינוּ א נ ח נוּ מוֹד ים ל ך For everything, our God, we give thanks and blessing. May God's name be blessed in the mouths of all the living, for ever! וּמ ב ר כ ים אוֹת ך. י ת בּ ר ך שׁ מ ך בּ פ י כ ל ח י תּ מ יד ל עוֹל ם ו ע ד: V'al hakol Adonai Eloheynu anakhnu modem lakh uvarkhim otakh yitbarakh shimkha b'fee kol khai l'olam va'ed. As it is written: "When you have eaten and been satisfied, you shall bless Adonai your God for the good land that you have been given." (Deut. 8.10) Blessed is God for the land and the sustenance it gives. May Jerusalem be completely rebuilt speedily and in our days. Blessed is God, the compassionate spirit behind the rebuilding of Jerusalem. May the Compassionate One send blessing upon this house and this table at which we have eaten. May the Compassionate One send Elijah the Prophet, may his memory be a blessing, to bring us good news of redemption and consolation. כּ כּ תוּב. ו אָכ ל תּ ו שׂ ב ע תּ וּב ר כ תּ א ת י ה ו ה א ל ה יך ע ל ה אָר ץ ה טּ ב ה א שׁ ר נ ת ן ל ך: בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה. ע ל ה אָר ץ ו ע ל ה מּ זוֹן: Kakatuv v'akhalta v'savatah uveyrakhta et Adonai Elohekha al ha'aretz hatovah asher natan lakh. Barukh atah Adonai al ha'aretz v'al hamazon. וּב נ ה י רוּשׁ ל י ם ע יר ה קּ ד שׁ בּ מ ה ר ה ב י מ ינוּ. בּ רוּך אַתּ ה י ה ו ה. בּוֹנ ה ב ר ח מ יו י רוּשׁ ל י ם: אָמ ן: Uvney Yerushalayim, ir hakodeskh bim'herah v'yameynu. Barukh atah Adonai boneh b'rakhamav Yerushalayim Amen! ה ר ח מ ן הוּא י שׁ ל ח ל נוּ בּר כ ה מ ר בּ ה בּ בּ י ת ה זּ ה ו ע ל שׁ ל ח ן ז ה שׁ אָכ ל נוּ ע ל יו: ה ר ח מ ן הוּא י שׁ ל ח ל נוּ א ת א ל יּ הוּ ה נּ ב יא ז כוּר ל טּוֹב ו יב שּׂ ר ל נוּ בּ שׂוֹרוֹת טוֹבוֹת י שׁוּעוֹת ו נ ח מוֹת: harakhaman hu yishlakh lanu brakhah m'ruba babayit hazeh v'al shulkhan zeh she'akalnu alav. harakhaman hu yishlakh lanu et Eliyahu hanavi zakhur latov vivaser lanu b'sorot tovot y'shuot vnekhamot. ע שׂ ה שׁ לוֹם בּ מ רוֹמ יו הוּא י ע שׂ ה שׁ לוֹם ע ל ינוּ ו ע ל כּ ל י שׂ ר א ל ו א מ רוּ אָמ ן: May the source of peace be an inspiration for peace among us and among all Israel, and let us say Amen! Oseh Shalom b'mromav hu ya'aseh shalom aleynu v'al kol Yisrael, v'imru Amen. שׁ בּ ת שׁ לוֹם וּמ בוֹר ך umevorakh! Shabbat shalom May it be a Shabbat of Peace and Blessing! 6