Vocabulary for Chapter 16 (Page 1 of 2)

Administrative Details 1 Advice for Me? 2 Email: JBeckman@GCTS.edu Please let me know when you have suggestions. Office hours: before and after class Suggested changes I m trying to implement: Website: HebrewSyntax.org/summer Username: summer Password: summer Repeat the pronunciation of vocabulary words. Ask for trouble spots in the homework. Concentrate on Bible passages in the homework. Know what is on the quiz. New students: Please see me after class. A handout of easily confused words and rules. (Suggestions?) Advice: Take a Hebrew class in the fall! Otherwise, you ll lose lots. Take intermediate Hebrew in the fall. 3 Vocabulary for Chapter 16 (Page 1 of 2) 4... ל א ע ל ה לּ ח ם ל ב דּוֹ י ח י ה ה א ד ם כּ י ע ל כּ ל מוֹצ א פ י י הו ה י ח י ה ה א ד ם (Deut 8:3b) ו + 3MS suffix ל ב ד = ל ב דּוֹ out outlet or what comes = מוֹצ א פּ ה = construct of פּ י imminent} near, ק רוֹב} to draw near ק ר ב expiation} sin, sin-offering, ח טּ את} to miss (a mark), sin ח ט א to subdue, possess, dispossess, inherit י ר שׁ {You re rash to try to subdue a bear} to be/become numerous, great ר ב ה numerous} much, many, great, ר ב} saying, to add {Gen 30:24 Rachel named him Joseph, י ס ף May YHWH add to me another son!} net} to turn, stretch out {Stretch out your נ ט ה avenue} to leave, abandon {Dorothy leaving Oz ע ז ב

Vocabulary for Chapter 16 (Page 2 of 2) 5 Skin em, Levi 6 goal.} to redeem {Jesus redeeming a gal.} {Redemption as the גּ א ל cover } to cover {sounds like כּ פ ר drink} to drink {Shuth-tha (Shut the) door and have a שׁ ת ה {Your ice should thaw before you drink it.} to be complete תּ מ ם {It has to be complete before you turn it in to t ma am.} hand.} hand, palm. FS. {Cough into the palm of your כּ ף {Farmer holding a calf in the palm of her hand} {The calf of your leg is not your palm or your hand.} rare} friend, fellow, companion {A true friend is ר ע God.} before, opposite {We all stand naked before נ ג ד These consonants often lose a Dagesh Forte when they have a Shewa. S = ס צ שׂ שׁ (sibilants) ק = K i נ = N e מ = M Example in 16.18 on page 185: verb, נ- 1 is a נ ס ע so in the Qal Imperfect, the nun assimilates to Dagesh Forte. י סּ ע י נ ס ע QI3ms ל = L But when ס has a Shewa, it may lose the Dagesh because ס is a Skin em Levi consonant. e י ס עוּ י סּ עוּ י נ ס עוּ QI3mp ב = V I = י (the i in Levi is י ) Detail on Distinguishing Silent and Vocal Shewa 7 Qal Imperfect Weak Verbs 8 Silent under a Guttural. Gutturals use Hateph Vowel (usually ) instead of vocal Shewa First letter of a word Shewa is vocal. (e.g., ק in Last letter of a word Shewa is silent. (e.g., תּ in Middle of a word: ) ה מּ ל כ ים in מ (e.g., Vocal under a Dagesh Forte. ) ק ט ל תּ ם ) ק ט ל תּ ) מ שׁ פּט י (e.g., 2 Shewas in a row: first is silent, second is vocal. ) פּ רע ה in ר (e.g., Silent preceded by a short vowel (כּ ת ב ים in ת (e.g., Vocal preceded by an unaccented long vowel ) תּ ק ט לנ ה in ל (e.g., Silent preceded by an accented long vowel This affects the pronunciation of the QI3FP/2FP. Strong Stem vowel is Holem ( ) Stative Stem vowel is Pathach ( ) 2-Guttural ע /ח -3 Stem vowel is Pathach ( ), Vocal Shewa Stem vowel is Pathach ( ), {3-Shewas are silent} ) Stem vowel is Qamets ( א 3- In 3FP/2FP, SV Seghol ( ), Aleph quiesces ( א ) 1-Guttural א 1- ה 3- Strong Preformative vowel or, other vowel changes. Most א- 1 just like other 1-Gutturals. Some א- 1 have Preformative vowel א א א and 1CS See separate slide. נ- I י ה ל ך י י כ ל י יוּ א- I י or י or י י or י י- I י י י or י I-Gut Bi-con

3MS 3FS 2MS 2FS 1CS 3MP 3FP Strong י תּ תּ תּ י א י וּ נ ה Qal Imperfect ה- 3 Verbs ה- 3 י ה תּ ה תּ ה תּ י א ה ינ ה י וּ Same as strong verbs except: ה- 3 1. Remove the Recognize ה- 3 by having only 2 root consonants. Only 2 consonants could also be bi-consonantal, geminate, ל ק ח or,ה ל ך,י- 1,נ- 1 2. Forms without a suffix add ה 3. 3FP/2FP have stem vowel י 9 Missing a Consonant? ל ק ח,ה ל ך biconsonantal, geminate,,ה- 3,נ- 1,י- 1 Preformative י י י- 1 י expected. if no sufformative ה ends in ה 3- ינ ה 3fp/2fp ends in ה 3- י have ל ק ח and נ- 1 י Verb Type Geminate usually has a Dagesh Forte in a root consonant. Geminate usually has a Dagesh Forte in a root consonant. Biconsonantal has the lexical stem vowel ( וּ or ו or י ) 10 2MP 2FP תּ וּ נ ה תּ וּ ינ ה Practice sheet on the website Geminate usually has a Dagesh Forte in a root consonant. ה ל ך or י- 1 י 1CP נ יוּ י כ ל נ ה Bible Translation Ex16b, p104, #7 11 Bible Translation Ex16b, p104, #9 12 ל כ ן כּ ה א מ ר י הו ה א שׁ תּ ך בּ ע יר תּ ז נ ה וּב נ י ך וּב נ ת י ך בּ ח ר ב י פּ לוּ (Amos 7:17) Therefore, thus said YHWH, Your wife will work as a prostitute in the city, and your sons and your daughters will fall by the sword. Verb א מ ר QP3MS he said Note that there are no quotation marks in Biblical Hebrew. Use context to decide where quotes begin and end. Subjects and prepositional phrases precede the subjects in this quote. This is unusual, and suggests some kind of emphasis. בּ בּ rejects Dagesh from article, so א city : is in THE בּ א יר rejects Dagesh from article, but virtual ח sword : is by THE בּ ח ר ב.בּ so stays as,ח doubling before.בּ Notice the range of the preposition Location: In the city or Instrument: by the sword ו יּ אמ ר א לה ים א ל מ שׁ ה א ה י ה א שׁ ר א ה י ה ו יּ אמ ר כּ ה ת אמ ר ל ב נ י י שׂ ר א ל א ה י ה שׁ ל ח נ י א ל יכ ם (Exod 3:14) God said to Moses, I am who I am. And he said, Thus you will say to the sons of Israel, I am sent me to you. Verb ו יּ אמ ר is QIwc3MS. The ו makes it an Imperfect Waw Conversive (Iwc). Chap 17. Usually give it a past-time translation in narrative. Verb א ה י ה is QI1CS of ה י ה I will be Perhaps future. But not necessarily. The imperfect describes an action or a state without mentioning the end. say she/you will א מ ר is QI3FS/2MS of ת אמ ר me. is QP3MS with 1CS suffix (chapter 19) he sent שׁ ל ח נ י suffix). you (2MS type 2 יכ ם + to א ל = א ל יכ ם The plural of the noun א ל is rare; no occurrences have a suffix.

Bible Translation Ex16b, p104, #10 13 Parsing Ex16c, p107 (Page 1 of 2) 14 (19:6 (Exod ו א תּ ם תּ ה יוּ ל י מ מ ל כ ת כּ ה נ ים ו גוֹי ק דוֹשׁ But you will be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. Subject א תּ ם you (2MP) precedes verb תּ ה יוּ you will be. be you will ה י ה is QI2MP of תּ ה יוּ me. to with 1CS suffix ל is ל י of kingdom (מ מ ל כ ת (expected מ מ ל כ ה is construct of מ מ ל כ ת holy is attributive adjective (follows noun, matches ק דוֹשׁ definiteness of noun, and fits context). י or י י QI3MP 1-Gut ע ז ב י ע ז בוּ.1 י or י י QI2FS 1-Gut ח ז ק תּ ח ז ק י.2 י or י or י י א- 1 QI3MS א מ ר י אמ ר.3 י or י י QI1CS 1-Gut ע ב ד א ע ב ד.4 י or י י QI2MP 1-Gut ע ב ר תּ ע ב רוּ.5 י or י or י י א- 1 QI1CS א מ ר א מ ר.6 א- 1 1CS may lose י or י י QI3FP/2FP 1-Gut ע מ ד תּ ע מ ד נ ה.7 י or י י QI3FS/2MS 1-Gut ה ר ג תּ ה ר ג.8 י or י or י י א- 1 QI2FS א כ ל תּ אכ ל י.9 Parsing Ex16c, p107 (Page 2 of 2) 15 Bible Translation Ex16c, p109, #1 16 (35:10 (Ps כּ ל ע צ מוֹת י תּ אמ ר נ ה י הו ה מ י כ מוֹ ך י or י י QI3FP/2FP 1-Gut ח ז ק תּ ח ז ק נ ה.10 י or י or י י א- 1 QI3MS א ב ד י אב ד.11 י or י י QI1CS 1-Gut ה ר ג א ה ר ג.12 י or י or י י א- 1 QI3FP/2FP א כ ל תּ אכ ל נ ה.13 י or י or י י א- 1 QI3MS א ס ף י א ס ף.14 י or י י QI1CP 1-Gut ע מ ד נ ע מ ד.15 All of my bones will say, YHWH, who is like you? Subject precedes verb. Not the standard order. of all כּ ל = construct of כּ ל suffix. ע plural construct with 1CS type 2 צ ם = ע צ מוֹת י ע ז מוֹת ע ז ם Segholate plural ע צ מוֹת Segholate plural construct ע ז מוֹת Add 1CS type 2 pronominal suffix י Verb א מ ר = תּ אמ ר נ ה QI3FP/2FP they/you will say י or י or י י verb, so preformative א- 1 is א מ ר suffix. with 2MS type 1 pronominal כּ is long form of כ מוֹ ך

Bible Translation Ex16c, p109, #3 ע ל כּ ן י ע ז ב א ישׁ א ת א ב יו ו א ת א מּוֹ ו ד ב ק בּ א שׁ תּוֹ ו ה יוּ ל ב שׂ ר א ח ד (Gen 2:24) Therefore, a man will leave his father and his mother, and he will cling to his wife, and they will become one flesh. Verb first (other than conjunction (ע ל כּ ן as expected. (י / י QI3MS he will leave (1-Gut, so preformative ע ז ב is י ע ז ב Verb DDO marker b/c pronominal suffixes (e.g., his father ) make definite. Verb ו ד ב ק is דּ ב ק QPwc3MS (Pwc = Perfect Waw Conversive). Imperfect meaning b/c Perfect waw conversive (chapter 17). his wife + 3MS type 1 suffix א שּׁ ה + in בּ = בּ א שׁ תּוֹ Preposition בּ sometimes marks direct object of some verbs. Conversive) QPwc3CP they will be (Pwc = Perfect Waw ה י ה is ו ה יוּ Preposition ל sometimes marks what something becomes. 17 Bible Translation Ex16c, p109, #4 (6:13 1) Kgs ו שׁ כ נ תּ י בּ תוֹ ך בּ נ י י שׂ ר א ל ו ל א א ע ז ב א ת ע מּ י י שׂ ר א ל I will dwell in the midst of the sons of Israel, and I will not abandon my people Israel. Verb first as expected. Verb ו שׁ כ נ תּ י is שׁ כ ן QPwc1CS I will dwell (Perfect waw conversive) of midst תּוֹ ך + in בּ = בּ תוֹ ך midst תּ ו ך is the construct of תּוֹ ך.) י ים (MP suffix בּ נ ים is the construct of בּ נ י b/c / in open unaccented syllable בּ בּ Verb א ע ז ב is ע ז ב QI1CS I will leave/abandon ע is my people NOT with me because no Hireq under ע מּ י The singular construct of ע ם is always ע ם (as expected) The plural construct of ע ם is always ע מּ י (as expected) 18 Parsing Ex16d, p111 וּ QI3FP/2FP Bi-cons Lexical Vowel קוּם תּ קוּמ ינ ה 1. י PreVowel י QI3MS Bi-cons LexVowel שׁ ית י שׁ ית.2 י PreVowel וּ QI3MP Bi-cons LexVowel שׁוּב י שׁ וּבוּ.3 י PreVowel י QI1CS Bi-cons LexVowel שׂ ים א שׂ ים.4 י PreVowel י QI1CP Bi-cons LexVowel שׂ ים נ שׂ ים.5 י PreVowel וּ QI2FS Bi-cons LexVowel קוּם תּ ק וּמ י.6 י PreVowel י QI2FS Bi-cons LexVowel שׁ ית תּ שׁ ית י.7 י PreVowel וּ QI1CP Bi-cons LexVowel נוּס נ נוּס 8. י PreVowel י QI2MP Bi-cons LexVowel בּ ין תּ ב ינוּ.9 י PreVowel י QI1CP Bi-cons LexVowel שׁ יר נ שׁ יר.10 19 Bible Translation Ex16d, p113, #2 (15:15 (Gen ו א תּ ה תּ בוֹא א ל א ב ת י ך בּ שׁ לוֹם תּ קּ ב ר בּ שׂ יב ה טוֹב ה But you will go to your fathers in peace; you will be buried in a good old age. Subject א תּ ה first to contrast Abram s future with his progeny s (v14). Verb תּ בוֹא is בּוֹא QI3FS/2MS she/you will come/go/enter Bi-consonantal, so use lexical vowel. Preformative vowel Qamets. your fathers with pronominal suffix 2MS type 2 א בוֹת = א ב ת י ך age old שׂ יב ה + in בּ = בּ שׂ יב ה is attributive adjective (after noun, match definiteness, fits טוֹב ה context). Predicate adjective unlikely because after noun. Not predicate adjective because doesn t fit context. FS. is שׂ יב ה is FS because טוֹב ה 20

Parsing Ex16e, p115 21 י פּ לוּ.1 QI3MP נ פ ל נ- 1 י assimilates to נ- 1 י גּ שׁ.2 נ ג שׁ QI3MS נ- 1 י assimilates to נ- 1 תּ ל ד.3 י- 1 QI3FS/2MS י ל ד י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop תּ שׁ ב י.4 QI2FS י שׁ ב י- 1 י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop י תּ ן.5 נ ת ן QI3MS נ- 1 י assimilates to נ- 1 תּ תּ נ י.6 נ ת ן QI2FS נ- 1 י assimilates to נ- 1 נ שׁ ב.7 QI1CP י שׁ ב י- 1 י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop תּ יר שׁ נ ה.8 QI3FP/2FP י ר שׁ י- 1 י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop י ר ד.9 QI3MS י ר ד י- 1 י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop א קּ ח.10 QI1CS ל ק ח נ- 1 like י assimilates to ל- 1 א ר ד.11 QI1CS י ר ד י- 1 י י or י PreF.י- 1 Drop י ל כוּ.12 QI3MP ה ל ך י Pref.ה- 1 Drop י- 1 like Parsing Ex16f, p119 ה 3MS suff.י PF ה- 3 / 1-Gut QI3MS ע שׂ ה י ע שׂ ה 1. 22.ה- 3 Lose ה- 3 / 1-Gut QI3MP ה י ה י ה יוּ.2 י has ה י ה but,י or י Expect 1-Gut preformative ה 3MS suff ה- 3 / 2-Gut QI3FS/2MS ר א ה תּ ר א ה.3 ה 1-Gut. 3MS suff ה- 3 / 1-Gut QI1CS ע נ ה א ע נ ה 4. 1-Gut / ה- 3 PF.י 3FP/2FP SV י QI3FP/2FP ע ל ה תּ ע ל ינ ה.5 י PF א- 3 / 1-Gut QI2MP ח ט א תּ ח ט אוּ.6 assimilates. SV נ- 1 א- 3 / נ- 1 QI1CP נ שׂ א נ שּׂ א 7. assimilates. SV נ- 1 ע -3 / נ- 1 QI3MS נ ס ע י סּ ע.8 י PF א- 3 / י- 1 QI2FS י צ א תּ צ א י.9 י PF א- 3 / י- 1 QI2MP י צ א תּ צ אוּ.10 י assimilates. SV נ- 1 ה- 3 / נ- 1 QI3FP/2FP נ ט ה תּ טּ ינ ה.11