Hausa Literary Movement & the 21st Century. Yusuf Adamu. Geography Department, Bayero University, Kano.
|
|
- Isabel Harrell
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1
2 Hausa Literary Movement & the 21st Century by Yusuf Adamu Geography Department, Bayero University, Kano. Kano, Nigeria 2002 The story of Hausa literature is a long one and it can be said to have come a long way. In the modern sense and in this write-up, our concern about Hausa Literature is not all encompassing rather restrictive. Creative writing in Hausa language started as soon as the Hausa people accepted Islam in around fourteenth century or much earlier. Arabic scripts were used to write Hausa in what is called Ajami form of written Hausa. That form of writing was used for scholarly works, communication and creativity up till today by millions of people. Up to the 1960s and early 1970s Ajami was in used by a large number of people. Although today its use has declined due to the rampant use of roman script and some sociohistorical circumstances, the use of Ajami is still common. All Nigerian currencies carry Ajami form so are a number of commercial products like the Swan Water. There is also a whole newspaper in Ajami published weekly by the Triumph
3 newspapers company called Alfijir. Recently Dr. Abdallah Uba Adamu of the department of Education Bayero University, Kano is initiating and leading a campaign of Ajami revival. The essence of Ajami is that our literature was first written in it. There is no doubt that Islam and Arabic civilisations have a propound influence on Hausa language, culture and literature. Thus the earliest genre of creative writing was poetry. There were many evidences on the use of poetry for scholarship, mobilisation, enlightenment, campaigns and revolutions. However the peak of poetry usage came with the Jihad of Usmanu Danfodio in the 19th century. The Jihad leaders used the medium of poetry to educate, mobilise and enlightened their followers; the Jama'a. A quick peep in the Jihad literature provides hundreds of examples of poems composed by the Jihad leaders especially Usman Danfodio, his brother Abdullahi and his children Muhammadu Bello and Nana Asma'u. Poetry continued to dominate Hausa literary scenes until recently. Other genres of creative writing particularly prose and play were virtually non existent before the coming of the British colonialist in the early 20th century. This may be attributed to religious position which do not encourage fictional stories because of the fear of making them to appear real and authentic. The introduction of roman scripts saw the emergence of the new Hausa prose-
4 fiction and plays. Abubakar Imam and his colleagues under the guidance of Dr. Rupert East gave birth to what we may consider modern Hausa literature. Thus from 1933 when the first set of Hausa novels were published, we have witnessed the emergence of second and third generation of Hausa novelists and finally in the mid 1980s the fourth generation emerged. Hausa play and poetry has declined it is the novel that lives on as even the short story genre has declined. What we call fourth generation of Hausa writers is what some call Soyayya writers or market literature while some others call them millennium generation still some call them the new Hausa writers or contemporary Hausa novelists/writers. Whatever name they are called, there is no doubt that they have generated a lot of controversies more than their predecessors have. Some of the major criticism labelled against these writers are that - They are immature and not well educated - They are corrupting the minds of youth (their target readers) by introducing anticultural plots and styles in their writing - They are low quality books (because they are self published) - The books aremere love stories most of which are adaptations of Indian movies and many more. Thus from around 1990 debates ensured on the pages of newspapers and magazine (the broadcast media inclusive) for and against these books and writers. One thing
5 though is certain these books have survived. Whatever negative thing is said about these books and writers in the last few years. it will be imperative to see the positive side of this new literary movement and its implication to Hausa language and literature as we step into the21st century. This is for a number of reasons the most important of which this new literary movement has earned Hausa language the position of the fastest growing literary language in Africa in a time when Arabic and Kiswahili are becoming increasingly important contenders as Africa s lingua franca. The new literary movement which was and still is dominated by youth has contributed in no small measure in increasing literacy level among Hausa speakers particularly women. This singular achievement alone is enough to commend these young writers who despite unfriendly economic and technical environment were able to write and publish. Secondly, the movement has brought forward Hausa literature for the very first time into the main stream of Nigerian literature. Until 1996, Hausa writers were not recognised as writers in the Nigerian literary circles. The formation on a branch of the Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA) in Kano between and attendance of some ANA Kano members to the 16th Annual Convention of ANA in Kaduna brought Hausa literature to the forefront. Thanks to Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, Dr. Adamu Tanko, Malam Bala Mohammed, Dr. Saleh Abdu and Yusuf Adamu who represented Hausa writers and mounted an
6 exhibition during the convention. Now we have two Hausa writers (though equally English) as members of ANA national executive council. Thirdly, the movement has contributed in no small measure in inculcating reading habit and culture among Hausa youths. One young people acquire this culture, it prove essential throughout life and a people that doesn t read is doomed. Next, the movement has produce for Hausa literature fine writers who will form the background of Hausa literature in the next millennium. This also implies that without this new literary movement Hausa literature would have been certified dead. Reasons: when the major Hausa publishers (notably NNPC Zaria, and Huda- Huda) declined Hausa literature was threatened, had this new movement not started, we will today have no new Hausa writers thus no literature. Look at what is happening to Hausa poetry and plays. Hausa poetry is today restricted to political campaigns periods and Hausa plays relegated to TV dramas and Home videos. Another important attempt (though now abandoned) made by this movement was that of inventing new scripts for Hausa. Notably Dan Azimi Baba Cediyar `Yangurasa and one Sadiya Lawan have attempted inventing new Hausa scripts and were put to use by a few followers. This is implying that since the British Imperialists have helped in killing the Ajami form of written Hausa by introducing Hausa in Roman scripts, young Hausa men and women are trying to show that
7 they can abandoned the roman script for an original Hausa script. This attempt is worth studying by our scholars in the Universities especially the Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages of the Bayero University Kano and Centre for Hausa Studies of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. What hope for the millennium? Despite all these achievement, Hausa literature is far from being ready for the 21st century world. There are a number of reasons that militate against it some of which are follows: - Stereotyping of the whole movement by some section of the population, the media and academia. - The state structure has yet to take the whole movement seriously in that The Kano State Library Board (the custodian of Kano state collections on Arts and Literature) does not have a collection of the new Hausa writing. So also most other libraries in Hausa speaking places. -Lack of organisation and strong economic base in the publishing industry. - The emergence of Home-videos (a more profitable business) is threatening the booming book industry. - Lack of interest from the State, Hausa elites and academia on the progress of Hausa literature. - There is a clear neglect by the State and the writers community in writing for children.
8 Notwithstanding these problems we can say there is hope as there has always been. Thanks to Allah that those chosen to be writers are always conscious of their responsibilities and are not relenting. For now the Kano ANA is now organising a monthly literary forum it called Dandalin Marubuta that brings together writers, critics and readers monthly to discuss and exchange ideas on how to go about improving Hausa literature. This is yielding fruits. It is also publishing an anthology of Hausa short stories for the first time in the history of Hausa literature. It is also trying hard to find a sponsor for a prize to be administered by ANA national for Hausa novel. The leading writers in the movement have also indicated their interest and willingness to improve the literary and production quality of their works as we entre the 21st century. An educationist with Bayero University (Dr. Abdallah Uba Adamu) is putting together a book of readings on the new Hausa literary movement in book form. This will serve as a teaching and reference text for the students of Hausa literature, culture and sociology. A Kano based publishing firm (Adamu Joji Publishers) that publishes books for children in English will also start a new series next years in Hausa for school children. This is to address one of the major areas of weaknesses of Hausa
9 literature of neglecting children. Conclusion By way of conclusion, I think it is becoming evident that the next century is a century of information. Coupled with what is happening to the Hausa-speaking peoples in the current time, there is every need on the part of all stake-holders to come together and re-focus Hausa literature by identifying with its producers and assisting them. Our literature is our history. If we let our literature die just like we let our great historical monuments (the city walls)in Kano, Katsina, Zaria, Sokoto and other Hausa City-states die, we will do more disservice to our children and to history. We will not be forgiven for siddon-look but may be forgiven for making mistakes. We as writers would continue to do our best for our society, if the society fail us, history shall still say good of us.
ISSUES IN THE IMPACT OF ISLAM ON HAUSA LAND IN THE 21 ST CENTURY. Sabi u Ibrahim Fago and Yusufu Bala Usman
ISSUES IN THE IMPACT OF ISLAM ON HAUSA LAND IN THE 21 ST CENTURY Sabi u Ibrahim Fago and Yusufu Bala Usman Abstract Societies emerge and develop at different periods of time. Many factors are responsible
More informationTHE CONTRIBUTION OF NIGERIAN ARABIC LITERATUE IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION (A CASE STUDY OF DESCRIPTIVE POETRY BETWEEN: WAZIR JUNAID AND ALQAHI UMAR)
THE CONTRIBUTION OF NIGERIAN ARABIC LITERATUE IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION (A CASE STUDY OF DESCRIPTIVE POETRY BETWEEN: WAZIR JUNAID AND ALQAHI UMAR) Saidu A Musa Fct College Of Education Zuba, Abuja Nigeria
More informationScholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences
Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Sch. J. Arts Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015; 3(8A):1306-1310 Scholars Academic and Scientific Publishers (SAS Publishers) (An International Publisher for
More informationSB=Student Book TE=Teacher s Edition WP=Workbook Plus RW=Reteaching Workbook 47
A. READING / LITERATURE Content Standard Students in Wisconsin will read and respond to a wide range of writing to build an understanding of written materials, of themselves, and of others. Rationale Reading
More informationEid el-fitr: BUK Imam Preaches For Peace
VOL XXXI BULLETIN FRIDAY 24 TH AUGUST, 2012 NO. 32 Eid el-fitr: BUK Imam Preaches For Peace T he Chief Imam of Bayero University Mosque, Sheikh Abubakar Jibril, has prayed for enduring peace in the country
More informationRecognising that Islam and Christianity wield the largest following in our regions and constitute the 2 major religious faiths in Nigeria.
1 KADUNA COMMUNIQUE We, Christian and Muslim religious leaders from 5 Northern and Middle Belt States of Nigeria namely: Bauchi, Plateau, Kano, Kogi and Kaduna, assembled together by the Programme for
More informationEmotion in elegies composed by Muhammadu Bello and his sister Nana Asma u on their uncle Abdullahi bn Fodio: Comparative Studies
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 20, Issue 10, Ver. VI (Oct. 2015) PP 06-13 e-issn: 2279-0837, p-issn: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Emotion in elegies composed by Muhammadu
More informationRE-ENGINEERING ARABIC LANGAUGE EDCUATION FOR NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
RE-ENGINEERING ARABIC LANGAUGE EDCUATION FOR NIGERIAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Imam Mohammad Sanusi Abstract The paper focuses on Arabic Language Education taking a look at its history and development in Northern
More informationResearch Africa Reviews Vol. 2 No. 2, August 2018
RESEARCH AFRICA REVIEWS Volume 2 (2018) Page 11 Research Africa Reviews Vol. 2 No. 2, August 2018 These reviews may be found on the RA Reviews website at: https://sites.duke.edu/researchafrica/ra-reviews/volume-2-issue-2-august-2018/
More informationSULE LAMIDO UNIVERSITY, KAFIN HAUSA PMB 048, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria
SLU/R/UAC/155/VOL.1 1. Faculty of Education SULE LAMIDO UNIVERSITY, KAFIN HAUSA PMB 048, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria www.slu.edu.ng (Office of the Registrar) SECOND BATCH LIST OF UTME ADMITTED STUDENTS
More informationThe Lost History of Christianity
READING AND DISCUSSION GUIDE FOR The Lost History of Christianity by Philip Jenkins THE END OF GLOBAL CHRISTIANITY 1. When you think about the history of Christianity, what images come to mind? Why do
More informationTHE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF ARABIC STUDIES IN NIGERIAN EDUCATION
THE ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF ARABIC STUDIES IN NIGERIAN EDUCATION Azeez Jamiu Adebayo Department of Arabic Studies, Osun State College of Education, Ilesa. Osun State, Nigeria azeezjam@yahoo.com
More informationThe Representation of Islam and Muslims in the Media
INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE, 2008 VOL 16, NO 2, 247-251 Conference Report The Representation of Islam and Muslims in the Media The Department of Communication, Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human
More informationDepartment of Near and Middle Eastern Studies
Department of Near and Middle Eastern Studies NM 1005: Introduction to Islamic Civilisation (Part A) 1 x 3,000-word essay The module will begin with a historical review of the rise of Islam and will also
More informationAllah (SWT) says... And who is better in speech than he who says: My Lord is Allah (believes in His Oneness), and then stands firm (acts upon His
SPONSORSHIP PLAN Allah (SWT) says... And who is better in speech than he who says: My Lord is Allah (believes in His Oneness), and then stands firm (acts upon His Order), and invites (men) to Allah s (Islamic
More informationPart 1: Early Islamic to Pre Colonial Era. Week 6: The Palace Harem, Kano (Northern Nigeria) [15 th 18 th Centuries]
Part 1: Early Islamic to Pre Colonial Era Week 6: The Palace Harem, Kano (Northern Nigeria) [15 th 18 th Centuries] Palace Harem, Kano (15 th -18 th c.) Heidi Nast, Concubines and Power: five-hundred years
More informationBader Malek CV. Personal details. Dr. Bader Mohammed Malek. Born in Kuwait
1 Bader Malek CV Personal details Dr. Bader Mohammed Malek Born in Kuwait 1964 bmalek227@gmail.com bm.malek@paaet.edu.kw Twitter Account: @4bader111 Website: www.badermalek.com CV - Faculty member of the
More informationYOBE STATE UNIVERSITY, DAMATURU KM 7, GUJBA ROAD P. M. B 1144, DAMATURU YOBE STATE, NIGERIA
YOBE STATE UNIVERSITY, DAMATURU KM 7, GUJBA ROAD P. M. B 1144, DAMATURU YOBE STATE, NIGERIA (OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR) 7 th March, 2018 POSTGRADUATE S ADMISSIONS FOR 2017/2018 ACADEMIC SESSION This is to
More informationThe Nineteenth Century: Islam
Main Themes: The Nineteenth Century: Islam -Islam critical in shaping pre-colonial Africa -Reinforced by/reinforcing links with broader Muslim world -Role revivalist movements in generating religious,
More informationNigerian Arabic Manuscripts Project(NAMP) Poster Presentation at Ninth Islamic Manuscripts Conference, Magdalene College Cambridge, UK 2-4 Sept.
Arewa House, Center For Historical Documentation and Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna-Nigeria From the SelectedWorks of Musa Salih Muhammad Winter September 3, 2013 Nigerian Arabic Manuscripts
More informationAbba, A The Politics of Principles in Nigeria: The Example of NEPU Zaria
Abba, A. 2000 The Politics of Principles in Nigeria: The Example of NEPU Zaria Abubakar, I. M. 1988 al-shaykh Adamu Nama aji Hayatihi wa A amalihi B.A. Dissertation Department of Arabic BUK Abun Nasr,
More informationDigest Message Digest Message
Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings be upon His prophets and messengers ring Prophet Muhammad, and his family and his companions vanity in Miami and followed them and traced their mark the Day
More informationArabic. (Minor) Requirements, Option A. Declaring the Minor. Other Majors and Minors offered by the Department of Near Eastern Studies
University of California, Berkeley 1 Arabic Minor The Department of Near Eastern Studies offers a minor in Arabic. Students wishing to major in the study of Arabic should do so as a concentration within
More informationPeoples of Kano. Ibrahim Ado-Kurawa ( Majority of the people who regard Kano as their only home are Muslims who speak Hausa
Peoples of Kano Ibrahim Ado-Kurawa ( majekarofi@yahoo.com) Majority of the people who regard Kano as their only home are Muslims who speak Hausa language as their first language or mother tongue. The Kano
More informationThe Hausa - Fulani are Genuine Sudanese, Mr. President! By Mahmoud A. Suleiman
The Hausa - Fulani are Genuine Sudanese, Mr. President! By Mahmoud A. Suleiman November 1, 2008 Omer al-bashir, the embattled president of Sudan, has been reported to have made a statement in a Sudanese
More informationUNIVERSITY OF KERALA
UNIVERSITY OF KERALA SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION (S.D.E) NOVEMBER/ DECEMBER 2018 Time : 1.30 pm to 4.30 pm on all days except Friday 2 pm to 5 pm on Fridays Branch II M.A. PHILOSOPHY (2008 Admission to 2014
More informationLearn the best ways of worship and sacrifice
Learn the best ways of worship and sacrifice Sermon Delivered by Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad (aba) relayed live across the globe From newly built Bait ur Rahman mosque in Valencia, Spain. NOTE: Al Islam
More informationFilm Guide The Imam and the Pastor
Film Guide The Imam and the Pastor June 2013 Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/classroom Abstract This film guide covers The Imam and the
More informationIntelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Center for Special Studies (C.S.S.)
10 Feebrruarry,, 2006 Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Center for Special Studies (C.S.S.) Russian president invites Hamas to Moscow Hamas support for the Chechen separatists and their
More informationHebrew Program Course Offering Archives
FALL 2011 Hebrew Program Course Offering Archives 2011-2012 Elementary Modern Hebrew HEBR 110 / 501u speaker. No previous knowledge required. Intermediate Modern Hebrew HEBR 130 / 502au usage. Focus on
More informationThe EMC Masterpiece Series, Literature and the Language Arts
Correlation of The EMC Masterpiece Series, Literature and the Language Arts Grades 6-12, World Literature (2001 copyright) to the Massachusetts Learning Standards EMCParadigm Publishing 875 Montreal Way
More information"Recent preservation and conservation activities for Northern Nigerian manuscripts in Arabic script"
Wesleyan University From the SelectedWorks of Michaelle Biddle 2012 "Recent preservation and conservation activities for Northern Nigerian manuscripts in Arabic script" Michaelle L. Biddle, Wesleyan University
More informationGraduation Speech Prof Ian R Jandrell PrEng
Graduation Speech Prof Ian R Jandrell PrEng In the past, I have been privileged to have given speeches at Graduations and prizegiving ceremonies and on various other occasions. And I have personally lived
More informationTHE IMPACT OF COLONIALISM IN UPROOTING ISLAMIC POLITY AND INTRODUCING SECULARISM IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
THE IMPACT OF COLONIALISM IN UPROOTING ISLAMIC POLITY AND INTRODUCING SECULARISM IN NORTHERN NIGERIA Dr. Aminu Alhaji Bala Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies, Usmanu Danfodiyo
More informationArabic, Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at Leeds
School of Languages, Cultures and Societies Arabic, Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at Leeds UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMMES Important information The information contained in this brochure is accurate at
More information46 th Congregation Postponed: Now to Hold 11 th June, 2014
VOL XXXIII BULLETIN FRIDAY 23 RD MAY, 2014 No. 22 Economic Status, Literacy Level Lead to Collapse of Magazine Industry in Nigeria Mohammed Haruna The diminishing purchasing power of citizens and falling
More informationPrepared By: Rizwan Javed
Q: What steps to foster the growth of Urdu has the government taken? [4] ANS: The government has taken steps to foster the growth of Urdu. It is the medium of instructions in many educational institutions
More informationAl- Mustafa Islamic Centre Ireland
In the name of ALLAH, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful Trustees of the Irish Council of Imams Clonskeigh Mosque (ICCI) 19 Roebuck Road, Dublin 14 5 th December 2015 Assalamu Alaikum, I am writing to you
More information(Muslim activist Malam Sidi Ali Sokoto here speaks on the essence of the sharia, which is the subject of much controversy in Nigeria these days.
Appendix 24: Sharia What Really Is It? New Nigerian Weekly 6 November 1999 by Umoru Faruk Salifu (Muslim activist Malam Sidi Ali Sokoto here speaks on the essence of the sharia, which is the subject of
More informationCOURSE TITLE CREDIT UNIT STATUS
Programme: B.A. Islamic Studies Session: 2015/2016 100 LEVEL FIRST SEMESTER 1. ISL 1211 Early history of Islam 2 C 2. ISL 1212 Studies on Qur an 2 C 3 ISL 1213 Studies on Hadith 2 C 4 ISL 1114 Basic Arabic
More informationTHE JAVIER DECLARATION
THE JAVIER DECLARATION Preamble We, the participants of the First Asia-Europe Youth Interfaith Dialogue held in Navarra, Spain, from the 19 th to the 22 nd November 2006, having discussed experiences,
More informationPart 4: Case Studies:
Part 4: Case Studies: Nov. 19-22: Ahmed Bamba, the Muridiyya and French Colonialism Nov. 19 Ahmed Bamba and the Birth of Muridism Story of Ahmed Bamba and Murid Brotherhood (late 19 th -20 th centuries)
More informationSituations of Al-Majiri School, Gagi, Sokoto: Its Achievements and Challenges from Inception to Date
Situations of Al-Majiri School, Gagi, Sokoto: Its Achievements and Challenges from Inception to Date Dr. Sirajo Muhammad Sokoto 1, Mukhtar Sarkin-Kebbi 2, Abubakar Ibrahim Usman 3, Dr. Umar Ubandawaki
More informationA History of Islam among the Fakkawa of Zuru Emirate,
A History of Islam among the Fakkawa of Zuru Emirate, 1910-2015 Yusuf Abdullahi Department of History and Strategic Studies, Federal University, Dutsinma, Katsina State Abstract Zuru Emirate is one of
More informationTHE ARAB EMPIRE. AP World History Notes Chapter 11
THE ARAB EMPIRE AP World History Notes Chapter 11 The Arab Empire Stretched from Spain to India Extended to areas in Europe, Asia, and Africa Encompassed all or part of the following civilizations: Egyptian,
More informationTraining & Retraining of Translators Advocated
VOL XXXIV BULLETIN FRIDAY 6 TH NOVEMBER, 2015 No. 52 Australia To Collaborate With BUK A ustralian Government has expressed its willingness to collaborate with Bayero University, Kano on capacity building
More informationMuslims: Why the Violence VOLUME 2 STUDIES IN CHRISTIAN-MUSLIM RELATIONS
Muslims: Why the Violence VOLUME 2 STUDIES IN CHRISTIAN-MUSLIM RELATIONS OTHER BOOKS WRITTEN OR EDITED BY DR. JAN H. BOER The Prophet Moses for Today Abraham Kuyper: You Can Do Greater Things than Christ
More informationNOTE: Al Islam Team takes full responsibility for any errors or miscommunication in this Synopsis of the Friday Sermon
Sermon Delivered by Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad (aba); Head of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community relayed live all across the globe NOTE: Al Islam Team takes full responsibility for any errors or miscommunication
More informationStrand: World Religions with links to Meditation, Prayer and Worship and Faith in Action. Topic: Islam
Strand: World Religions with links to Meditation, Prayer and Worship and Faith in Action Topic: Islam Stage of Development: Middle Adolescence, Late Adolescence Rationale: The holistic approach to teaching
More informationARABIC POETRY PICTURE BOOK
ARABIC POETRY PICTURE BOOK SHAHD KHALID RISING OF THE PHOENIX The Rising Phoenix is an Arabic poetry book published by my dad, journalist and poet Khalid Osman. He designed imagery poetry with some selected
More information1. Read, view, listen to, and evaluate written, visual, and oral communications. (CA 2-3, 5)
(Grade 6) I. Gather, Analyze and Apply Information and Ideas What All Students Should Know: By the end of grade 8, all students should know how to 1. Read, view, listen to, and evaluate written, visual,
More informationSocial Welfare and the Problem of Begging in Nigeria
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 21, Issue12, Ver. 7 (December. 2016) PP 07-11 e-issn: 2279-0837, p-issn: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Social Welfare and the Problem
More informationAlhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Oral History Interview 5/7/1964 Administrative Information
Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Oral History Interview 5/7/1964 Administrative Information Creator: Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Interviewer: Emmanuel Omatsola Date of Interview: May 7, 1964 Place
More informationUNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR
[[ UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR DATE SHEET For M. A./M.Sc./M.Com (I-IV Semester) Examination of Mercy Chance, Division Improvement (Batch-2003 & onwards) and Missing papers of (Distance ) Arabic, Urdu, Sanskrit,
More informationAP WORLD HISTORY SUMMER READING GUIDE
AP WORLD HISTORY SUMMER READING GUIDE To My 2014-2015 AP World History Students, In the field of history as traditionally taught in the United States, the term World History has often applied to history
More informationIt seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us Readings: Acts 15:1-2, 22-29, Ps 66, Ap 21:10-14, 22-23, John 14:23-29
HOMILY by Father Robbie Low 6th Sunday of Easter Year C It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us Readings: Acts 15:1-2, 22-29, Ps 66, Ap 21:10-14, 22-23, John 14:23-29 Casual listeners to the Scriptural
More informationFollow this and additional works at:
Macalester International Volume 3 Literature, the Creative Imagination, and Globalization Article 22 Spring 5-31-1996 Response to Davies Bolaji Ojo Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/macintl
More informationCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. This chapter is introduction that consists of background, statement of problems,
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This chapter is introduction that consists of background, statement of problems, research objective, research significance, and definition of key terms. 1.1 Background Prose, one
More informationJeremy Hinds ( ): Teacher and Apologist to Christians and Muslims
Jeremy Hinds (1932-1993): Teacher and Apologist to Christians and Muslims by Rodger Petch Introduction The 21 st Century has seen a spiralling decline in the relationship between Christian and Muslim communities
More informationThese responses represent the views of all but one member of the PCC. 1. What is the Personality and Character of your local church?
Responses from St Mary s Church Cerne Abbas. These responses represent the views of all but one member of the PCC. 1. What is the Personality and Character of your local church? A beautiful and historic
More informationEXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON ARAB ACHIEVEMENTS
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON ARAB ACHIEVEMENTS Robert Milton Underwood, Jr. 2009 Underwood 1 EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON ARAB ACHIEVEMENTS Arab culture has very rich traditions that have developed over centuries.
More informationCorrelation to Georgia Quality Core Curriculum 2004 Spanish Foreign Language
Correlation to Georgia Quality Core Curriculum 2004 Spanish Foreign Language Subject Area: Spanish Level III Textbook Title: Navegando 3 Publisher: EMC/Paradigm Publishing Item Topic Standard Correlation
More informationCourse Offerings
2018-2019 Course Offerings HEBREW HEBR 190/6.0 Introduction to Modern Hebrew (F) This course is designed for students with minimal or no background in Hebrew. The course introduces students with the basic
More informationA GUIDE ON: HOW TO CONDUCT A TABLIGH FORUM
A GUIDE ON: HOW TO CONDUCT A TABLIGH FORUM WHAT IS A TABLIGH FORUM? A seminar which discusses topical issues related to Islam. It can be structured as a training forum for Lajna only, or you may wish to
More informationISLAM AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE IN NIGERIA: LESSONS FROM THE SOKOTO CALIPHATE
ISLAM AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE IN NIGERIA: LESSONS FROM THE SOKOTO CALIPHATE By Labbo Abdullahi Department of History, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto Email: labboabdullahiarg@gmail.com Mobile:
More informationNigeria. Middle School & High School
Nigeria Middle School & High School S T U D E N T S R E B U I L D D I S C U S S I O N G U I D E G L O B A L N O M A D S G R O U P 0 1 Note to teachers: Thank you for participating in the Students Rebuild
More informationBismi Allahi Alrrahmani Alrraheemi. In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful
ب س بي ٱ ب ٱ رل س م ب ٱ رل ب بي Bismi Allahi Alrrahmani Alrraheemi In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful ISLAM AND TERRORISM BY DR. ZAKIR NAIK MUSLIMS ARE FUNDAMENTALISTS AND TERRORISTS
More informationWhat Went Wrong on the Campus
And How to Adapt to It Jacob Neusner University of South Florida As we move toward the end of this century, we also mark the changing of the guard in the academy. A whole generation of university professors
More informationPart 2: Case Studies: 19 th and 20 th Centuries. Nov : Ahmadu Bamba, the Muridiyya and French Colonialism
Part 2: Case Studies: 19 th and 20 th Centuries Nov. 26-30: Ahmadu Bamba, the Muridiyya and French Colonialism Nov. 26 Ahmadu Bamba and the Birth of Muridism Nov. 28 The Murides and French Colonialism
More informationWhat a Muslim Woman Looks Like Teachers Resource Kit
What a Muslim Woman Looks Like Teachers Resource Kit What a Muslim Woman Looks Like Amra Pajalic & Demet Divaroren ISBN9780646550398 Free distribution + $1 handling fee and postage. Go to whatamuslimwomanlookslike.com
More informationScott Pruitt's First Address to the EPA: " As Annotated by a Group of Academics, Social Scientists, Historians, and Environmental Researchers (EDGI).
Scott Pruitt's First Address to the EPA: As Annotated by a Group of Academics, Social Scientists, Historians, and Environmental Researchers (EDGI). February 21, 2017 Tuesday at noon in the EPA Headquarters
More informationRudolf Böhmler Member of the Executive Board of the Deutsche Bundesbank. 2nd Islamic Financial Services Forum: The European Challenge
Rudolf Böhmler Member of the Executive Board of the Deutsche Bundesbank 2nd Islamic Financial Services Forum: The European Challenge Speech held at Frankfurt am Main Wednesday, 5 December 2007 Check against
More informationUNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI CENTRE FOR DISTANCE LEARNING
UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI CENTRE FOR DISTANCE LEARNING HIS 109: The 19 th Century Islamic Revolutions in West Africa (2 Units) Course Facilitator: STUDY GUIDE Course Code/ Title: Credit Units: Timing: Total
More informationPerception of Individual Consumers toward Islamic Banking Products and Services in Pakistan
Vol.5 14 Perception of Individual Consumers toward Islamic Banking Products and Services in Pakistan Amer Sohail Assistant Professor Department of Management Sciences, University of Sargodha,Gujranwala
More informationHordle CE (VA) Primary School
Hordle CE (VA) Primary School POLICY FOR RELIGIOUS EDUCATION Introduction Religious Education in our school will be in accordance with Living Difference, the Agreed Syllabus for Hampshire County Council.
More informationScenes of a fight. University of Iowa. Laila Al-Atrash. International Writing Program Archive of Residents' Work
University of Iowa International Writing Program Archive of Residents' Work 10-17-2008 Scenes of a fight Laila Al-Atrash Panel: Note to Self: Why I Write What I Write (2) Rights Copyright 2008 Laila Al-Atrash
More informationHow You Can Start A Successful Video Production Company?
How You Can Start A Successful Video Production Company? Starting a video production business whether video editing or full video production requires more skills, it requires thick mind and a plan to fulfil
More informationReview of Ecstasy and enlightenment: the Ismaili devotional literature of South Asia, by Ali S. Asani
Review of Ecstasy and enlightenment: the Ismaili devotional literature of South Asia, by Ali S. Asani Author: James Winston Morris Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2516 This work is posted on
More informationLANGUAGE IN INDIA Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Volume 7 : 2 February 2007
LANGUAGE IN INDIA Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Volume 7 : 2 February 2007 Managing Editor: M. S. Thirumalai, Ph.D. Editors: B. Mallikarjun, Ph.D. Sam Mohanlal, Ph.D. B. A. Sharada, Ph.D.
More informationUNDERSTANDING UNBELIEF Public Engagement Call for Proposals Information Sheet
UNDERSTANDING UNBELIEF Public Engagement Call for Proposals Information Sheet Through a generous grant from the John Templeton Foundation, the University of Kent is pleased to announce a funding stream
More informationUNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION. Address by Mr Pederico Mayor
DG/89/3 UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION Address by Mr Pederico Mayor Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) on
More informationLIFE IS FOR LIVING: ARTISTRY IN OLD AGE
LIFE IS FOR LIVING: ARTISTRY IN OLD AGE Francois Matarasso Talk at Independent Creative Living Conference, Baltic, Gateshead (UK) on 28 June 2016 Three Great Human Episodes Towards the end of his own life,
More informationargument introduction foundational
LESSON 14 introduction One of the goals of this lesson series is to teach how to prevail in discussions and arguments about Islam. The doctrine of Political Islam provides the strongest argument against
More informationCENSORSHIP & EXPRESSION Philosophy and Ethics: Issues of Human Rights
CENSORSHIP & EXPRESSION Philosophy and Ethics: Issues of Human Rights Miss J Carr Censorship Suppressing or limiting access to materials considered obscene, offensive or a threat to security. Article 19
More informationInternational religious demography: A new discipline driven by Christian missionary scholarship
International religious demography: A new discipline driven by Christian missionary scholarship In our previous blog we noticed that the religious profile of Indian Subcontinent has changed drastically
More informationWOMEN ISLAMIC EDUCATION AS A MEANS FOR THE PERFECTION OF WOMEN S ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE FAMILY
386 WOMEN ISLAMIC EDUCATION AS A MEANS FOR THE PERFECTION OF WOMEN S ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE FAMILY Umma Lawan Hamza Department of Islamic Studies, Federal College of Education, Kano. Abstract
More informationALA - Library Bill of Rights
ALA - Library Bill of Rights The American Library Association affirms that all libraries are forums for information and ideas, and that the following basic policies should guide their services. I. Books
More informationPERCEPTION TOWARD ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKING AMONG EDUCATED PEOPLE IN MUSLIM COMMUNITY: A STUDY BASED AKKARAIPATTU DIVISION IN AMPARA DISTRICT
PERCEPTION TOWARD ISLAMIC AND CONVENTIONAL BANKING AMONG EDUCATED PEOPLE IN MUSLIM COMMUNITY: A STUDY BASED AKKARAIPATTU DIVISION IN AMPARA DISTRICT HMF. Safna 1, R. NushrathSulthan, MIF. Hassana 3 1,,3
More informationGuide to using. as a dialogue resource
Guide to using as a dialogue resource The Imam and the Pastor produced by FLTfilms For the Love of Tomorrow FLTfilms is a division of the international trust-building charity Initiatives of Change (reg
More informationshort and quick. My name is Esam Alhadi from the University of Florida, Gainesville,
Kamel Elzawahry April 20, 2013 Islamic Understanding Institute Panama City, Florida Esam Alhadi, Interviewer and Translator for University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries Edited by Jardee Transcription
More informationImproving participation through targeted cultural and religious communication campaigns
Low Participation Areas: Case Study 1 London Borough of Hackney Improving participation through targeted cultural and religious communication campaigns London Borough of Hackney targeted their Turkish
More informationA Correlation of. To the. Language Arts Florida Standards (LAFS) Grade 5
A Correlation of 2016 To the Introduction This document demonstrates how, 2016 meets the. Correlation page references are to the Unit Module Teacher s Guides and are cited by grade, unit and page references.
More informationA History of the Application of Islamic Law in Nigeria
A History of the Application of Islamic Law in Nigeria Yushau Sodiq A History of the Application of Islamic Law in Nigeria Yushau Sodiq Texas Christian University Fort Worth, Texas, USA ISBN 978-3-319-50599-2
More informationFALL 2017 COURSES. ENGLISH ENGL 264: The Bible as Literature Pg. 2 LANGUAGES & CULTURES
FALL 2017 COURSES ENGLISH ENGL 264: The Bible as Literature Pg. 2 LANGUAGES & CULTURES HISTORY HEBR 101: Modern Hebrew Level I Pg. 2 HEBR 201: Modern Hebrew Level III Pg. 2 HEBR 121: Biblical Hebrew Level
More informationEducating girls: feminine genius at the service of humanity
Terry Polakovic Women and Work Conference Rome December 5, 2015 Educating girls: feminine genius at the service of humanity Thank you. I am thrilled to be with you today. I am passionate about my topic
More informationRELIGIOUS EDUCATION POLICY
DARTINGTON C of E PRIMARY AND NURSERY SCHOOL RELIGIOUS EDUCATION POLICY Rationale At Dartington, as a Church of England Voluntary Controlled School, we aim to enable children to develop a personal spiritual
More informationDOWNLOAD OR READ : THE RISE OF ISLAMIC STATE ISIS AND THE NEW SUNNI REVOLUTION PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI
DOWNLOAD OR READ : THE RISE OF ISLAMIC STATE ISIS AND THE NEW SUNNI REVOLUTION PDF EBOOK EPUB MOBI Page 1 Page 2 the rise of islamic state isis and the new sunni revolution the rise of islamic pdf the
More informationPAGE(S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a book, cite appropriate location(s))
District of Columbia Public Schools, World History Standards (Grade 10) CHRONOLOGY AND SPACE IN HUMAN HISTORY Content Standard 1: Students understand chronological order and spatial patterns of human experiences,
More informationEfforts to carry out electronic Jihad on the part of the Jihadi online forum members
Efforts to carry out electronic Jihad on the part of the Jihadi online forum members Table of contents EFFORTS TO CARRY OUT ELECTRONIC JIHAD ON THE PART OF THE JIHADI ONLINE FORUM MEMBERS...1 BACKGROUND...2
More informationThe Origins of Islam. The Message and the Messenger. Created By: Beatrix, Lorien, and Selah
The Origins of Islam The Message and the Messenger Created By: Beatrix, Lorien, and Selah The Origin of Muhammad The Story of Islam The city of Mecca came about by a well. Hagar and Ishmael were stuck
More information