व श प यन उव च स ददश मह क य य छय धन प णर ब ख व क दर भ ज ल महष णम ददश त न र य ग रद ग सम प द वग धव स वतम क य न व य क दरम

Transcription

1 1 Ādi (225) 2 Sabhā (72) 3 Āranyaka Parva chapters 4 Virāta (67) 5 Udyoga (197) 6 Bhīshma (117) 7 Drona (173) 8 Karna (69) 9 Shālya (64) 10 Sauptika (18) 11 Strī (27) 12 Shānti (353) 13 Anushāsana (154) 14 Ashvamedhika (96) 15 Āshramavāsika (47) 16 Mausala (9) 17 Mahāprasthānika (3) 18 Svargārohana (5) Yudhishthira, Bhima, and the Ajagara (cobra). Āranyaka Parva Chapters Swami Tadatmananda Arsha Bodha Center व श प यन उव च Rishi Vaishampayana said, vaiśampāyana uvāca य छय धन प णर Wandering at will, armed with a bow yadṛcchayā dhanuṣpāṇir ब ख व क दर and mace, Bhima baddha-khaḍgo vṛkodaraḥ ददश त न र य saw a delightful forest dadarśa tad vanaṁ ramyaṁ द वग धव स वतम frequented by celestial beings. deva-gandharva-sevitam (175.5) स ददश मह क य He saw the huge body sa dadarśa mahākāyaṁ भ ज ल महष णम of a frightening i snake bhujaṅgaṁ loma-harṣaṇam ग रद ग सम प in a mountain cave giri-durge samāpannaṁ क य न व य क दरम filled by its body... kāyenāvṛtya kandaram (175.12)

2 ग ह क र ण व ण... with a mouth wide as a cave guhākāreṇa vaktreṇa चत द ण र जत and dfour gleaming fangs, catur-daṁṣṭreṇa rājatā द ण तत ण with glowing red eyes, dīptākṣeṇātitāmreṇa लह त स ण म licking its mouth again and again. lihantaṁ sṛkkiṇī muhuḥ (175.14) स त ज व तथ त न The mighty Bhima, thus sa tejasvī tathā tena भ जग न वश क त subdued d by that t snake, bhujagena vaśīkṛtaḥ न च नमशक र could not do na cainam aśakad vīraḥ कथ तब धत म anything to overpower it. kathañcit pratibādhitum (175.19,21) स भ म सहस य य That snake suddenly approached Bhima. sa bhīmaṁ sahasābhyetya प द क धत भ शम It was very hungry. pṛdākuḥ kṣudhito bhṛśam ज ह जगर ह The cobra grasped him jagrāhājagaro grāho भ जय भय ब ल त with the strength of its two arms. bhujayor ubhayor balāt (175.16) उव च च मह सप Bhima said to the great serpent, uvāca ca mahāsarpaṁ क मय ह प ग "O snake, please tell me, kāmayā brūhi pannaga क व भ भ जग who are you? O greatest of snakes, kas tvaṁ bho bhujaga-śreṣṭha क मय च क र य स what will you do with me? kiṁ mayā ca kariṣyasi (176.2)

3 सप उव च स ऽह श प दग य य Due to the curse of fagastya so 'haṁ śāpād agastyasya ण नवम य च and my insults to brahmanas, brāhmaṇān avamanya ca इम मव थ म प I have assumed this form. imām avasthām āpannaḥ प य द व मद मम Look at my bad fortune! paśya daivam idaṁ mama (176.14) न ष न म र ज ष र I am the divine i sage, Nahusha. h nahuṣo nāma rājarṣir य त म गत You must have heard of me. vyaktaṁ te śrotram āgataḥ द व धत य For this hungry snake, due to blessings diṣṭyā tvaṁ kṣudhitasyādya द व भ मह भ ज of the gods, you are my food, O mighty one! devair bhakṣo mahābhuja (176.13,10) य त त य त न "If your questions yas tu te vyāhṛtān praśnān त य श ष वत get answered by a wise person, pratibrūyād viśeṣavit स व म यत श प द I will free you from this curse," sa tvāṁ mokṣayitā śāpād इ त म म व ष thus Rishi Agastya said to me. iti mām abravīd ṛṣiḥ (176.21)

4 तम व च मह ब र The mighty Bhima said tam uvāca mahābāhur मस न भ ज मम to the snake, bhīmaseno bhujaṅgamam न त क य मह सप "O great snake, I am not angry at you. na te kupye mahāsarpa न च न वगह य Nor am I angry with myself." na cātmānaṁ vigarhaye (176.25) व श प यन उव च Rishi Vaishampayana said, vaiśampāyana uvāca द व प षक र ण "Merely with human effort, daivaṁ puruṣa-kāreṇa क नव त त मह त who can prevent what God has ordained? ko nivartitum arhati द वम व पर म य I consider destiny supreme; daivam eva paraṁ manye प ष थ नरथ क human effort is futile." puruṣārtho nirarthakaḥ (176.27) स धम र ज म ध व The wise Yudhishthira, hthi sa dharma-rājo medhāvī श म न मह यम filled with doubt and great fear, śaṅkamāno mahad-bhayam पद प रप छ asked Draupadi, draupadīṁ paripapraccha भ म इ त भ रत "Where is Bhima?" kva bhīma iti bhārata (176.46)

5 स त य पदम य Following Bhima's route sa tasya padam unnīya त द व म भ away from the ashram, Yudhishthira hthi tasmād evāśramāt prabhuḥ ददश प थव च र saw the ground marked with footprints dadarśa pṛthivīṁ cihnair भ म य प र च त म left by Bhima's feet. bhīmasya paricihnitām (176.49) क त म त कथ मम म "O son of Kunti, how have kuntī-mātaḥ katham imām अ पद वमव व न you fallen into this catstrophe? t āpadaṁ tvam avāptavān क य पव त भ ग And who is this great snake, kaś cāyaṁ parvatābhoga- तम प ग म whose body is large as a mountain? pratimaḥ pannagottamaḥ (177.2) य ध र तम स Yudhishthira, hthi reaching Bhima yudhiṣṭhiras tam āsādya सप भ ग भव तम enveloped by the snake, sarpa-bhogābhiveṣṭitam द यत तर व रम seeing his mighty brother in a pitiable condition, dayitaṁ bhrātaraṁ vīram इद वचनम व त said this... idaṁ vacanam abravīt (177.1) स धम र जम ल य Bhima, seeing Yudhishtira, hti sa dharmarājam ālakṣya त तरम जम his eldest brother, bhrātā bhrātaram agrajam कथय म स त सव told him everything kathayāmāsa tat sarvaṁ हण द वच तम b t tti ht t about getting caught, etc. grahaṇādi viceṣṭitam (177.3)

6 य ध र उव च Yudhishtira hti said (to Ajagara), yudhiṣṭhira uvāca कम य व द व व Gaining or knowing what kim āhṛtya viditvā vā त त य ज म will satisfy you, O snake? prītis te syād bhujaṅgama कम ह र य छ म What food shall I bring? kim āhāraṁ prayacchāmi कथ म व नमम Under what conditions will you free him? kathaṁ muñced bhavān imam (177.5) सप उव च न रत त व These questions of mine - praśnān uccāritāṁs tutvaṁ य ह र य स च म if you can answer them, vyāhariṣyasi cen mama अथ प म य म then I will free atha paścād vimokṣyāmi तर त व क दरम your brother, Bhima. bhrātaraṁ te vṛkodaram (177.12)

7 य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca सप उव च ह सप यथ क म O snake, question me as you please. brūhi sarpa yathā-kāmaṁ तव य म त वच I will answer your questions prativakṣyāmi te vacaḥ अ प च छ य तम if I can bring satisfaction api cec chaknuyāṁ prītim अ हत त भ ज म to you, O snake. āhartuṁ te bhujaṅgama (177.13) ण क भव जन O King, who is a brahmana? brāhmaṇaḥ ko bhaved rājan व क च य ध र And what should be known, O Yudhishthira? vedyaṁ kiṁ ca yudhiṣṭhira व तम त व ह Tell me. You are extremely intelligent, bravīhy atimatiṁ tvāṁ hi व रन मम मह as I can tell from your speech. vākyair anumimīmahe (177.15)

8 य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca व सप पर O snake, what is to be known is brahman vedyaṁ sarpa paraṁ brahma नद खमस ख च यत which is free from pain and pleasure, nirduḥkham asukhaṁ ca yat य ग व न श च त attaining which one suffers not. yatra gatvā na śocanti भवत क वव तम What do you say? bhavataḥ kiṁ vivakṣitam (177.17) स य द न म श लम Truthfulness, generosity, patience, courtesy, satyaṁ dānaṁ kṣamā śīlam अ न श य दम घ ण compassion, self-control, tenderness - anṛśaṁsyaṁ damo ghṛṇā य त य न ग one in whom these are seen, O greatest of snakes, dṛśyante yatra nāgendra स ण इ त त he is a brahmana. Thus is it known. sa brāhmaṇa iti smṛtaḥ (177.16) सप उव च Th k Aj id

9 श व प च स य च Even in shudras are found truthfulness, śūdreṣvapi ca satyaṁ ca द नम ध एव च generosity, non-anger, dānam akrodha eva ca अ न श यम ह स च compassion, harmlessness, ānṛśaṁsyam ahiṁsā ca घ ण च व य ध र and tenderness, O Yudhishthira. ghṛṇā caiva yudhiṣṭhira (177.18) श च त व य A shudra in whom these virtues exist śūdre caitad bhavel lakṣyaṁ ज त न व त and a twice-born in whom they do not exist - dvije tac ca na vidyate न व श भव that shudra is not a shudra, na vai śūdro bhavec chūdro ण न च ण and that brahmana is not a brahmana. brāhmaṇo na ca brāhmaṇaḥ (177.20) य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca य त यत सप O snake, in whom these virtues exist, yatraital lakṣyate sarpa व स ण त he is a brahmana. vṛttaṁ sa brāhmaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ य त भव सप O snake, in whom these virtues do not exist, yatraitan na bhavet sarpa त श म त न द श त he is a shudra. Thus is it taught. taṁ śūdram iti nirdiśet (177.21)

10 सप उव च य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca य द त व त र जन O King, if you say that by virtues yadi te vṛttato rājan ण सम त a brahmana is recognized, brāhmaṇaḥ prasamīkṣitaḥ यथ ज त तद य न then the family one is born to has no meaning vyarthā jātis tadāyuṣman क तय व यत when these virtues are not seen. kṛtir yāvan na dṛśyate (177.25) ज तर मह सप O great, wise snake, the family of birth jātir atra mahāsarpa मन य व मह मत for a human being, manuṣyatve mahāmate स र सव वण न due to intermixture i t of the castes, saṅkarāt sarva-varṇānāṁ द पर य त म म त i h d t d t i i i i is hard to determine, in my opinion. duṣparīkṣyeti me matiḥ (177.26)

11 व य श सम ष By virtues, one is like a shudra vṛttyā śūdrasamo hyeṣa य व द न ज यत as long as he is not initiated iti t into Vedic study. yāvad vede na jāyate अ व म त ध In this matter, there are different opinions, i asminn evaṁ mati-dvaidhe मन व य व ऽ व त as Svayambhu Manu has taught. manuḥ svāyambhuvo 'bravīt (177.30) त व दतव य Ih have heard what ti need dto know śrutaṁ vidita-vedyasya तव व य ध र through h your words, Yudhishthira. hthi tava vākyaṁ yudhiṣṭhira भ य यमह क द How could I eat bhakṣayeyam ahaṁ kasmād तर त व क दरम your brother, Bhima? bhrātaraṁ te vṛkodaram (177.33) सप उव च य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca

12 द न सप स य Between generosity and truthfulness, thf dānād vā sarpa satyād vā कमत ग यत which h is more valuable? kim ato guru dṛśyate अ ह स यय व Of harmlessness and affection, ahiṁsā-priyayoś caiva ग ल घवम यत म which is more valuable and which is less? guru-lāghavam ucyatām (178.3) द न रत व स य च Commitment t to charity, truthfulness, thf dāne ratatvaṁ satyaṁ ca अ ह स यम व च harmlessness and affection -- ahiṁsā priyam eva ca एष क य गर य व द according to the value of their effects, eṣāṁ kārya-garīyastvād यत ग ल घवम their value or lack of value is known. dṛśyate guru-lāghavam (178.4) सप उव च क नय ग Than some charity, kasmāccid dāna-yogād dhi स यम व व श यत truthfulness thf is better. satyam eva viśiṣyate स यव र ज Than truthfulness, O King, satya-vākyāc ca rājendra क न व श यत some charity is better. kiñcid dānaṁ viśiṣyate (178.5)

13 अ ह स यत ग व Harmlessness is known to be valuable. ahiṁsā dṛśyate gurvī तत य म यत Then again, affection is valuable. tataś ca priyam iṣyate एवम त व जन Thus, O King, this evam etad bhaved rājan क य प मन तरम depends on the effects that arise. kāryāpekṣam anantaram (178.6,7) कथ वग ग त सप O snake, how is heaven reached kathaṁ svarge gatiḥ sarpa कम ण च फल वम and dhow are the fruits of one's actions certain karmaṇāṁ ca phalaṁ dhruvam अशर र य य त for one who has died? As you understand aśarīrasya dṛśyeta वषय व ह म this matter, tell me. viṣayāṁś ca bravīhi me (178.8) य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca सप उव च Th k Aj id

14 त व गतय र जन OKi King, there are three paths tisro vai gatayo rājan प र वकम भ observed due to one's karma: paridṛṣṭāḥ svakarmabhiḥ म न य वग व स human birth, dwelling in heaven, mānuṣyaṁ svarga-vāsaś ca तय य न त ध and birth as an animal. It is threefold. tiryag-yoniś ca tat-tridhā (178.9) क म धसम य One who has desire and anger, kāma-krodha-samāyukto ह स ल भसम वत one who is harmful and greedy, hiṁsā-lobha-samanvitaḥ मन य व प र स falling from human birth, manuṣyatvāt paribhraṣṭas तय य न स यत he is born as an animal. tiryag-yonau prasūyate (178.12) त व म न ष क द From human birth, tatra vai mānuṣāl lokād द न द भरत त due to generosity, etc. dānādibhir atandritaḥ अ ह स थ सम य accompanied by harmlessness, ahiṁsārtha-samāyuktaiḥ क रण वग म त heaven is attained. kāraṇaiḥ svargam aśnute (178.10) य ध र उव च Yudhishthira hthi said, yudhiṣṭhira uvāca

15 सव व कथ म ह How did you, being so wise, sarvajñaṁ tvāṁ kathaṁ moha अ वश वग व सनम dwelling in heaven, fall into delusion āviśat svarga-vāsinam एवम तकम णम due to such strange karma? evam adbhuta-karmāṇam इ त म स शय मह न This is my great doubt. iti me saṁśayo mahān (178.29) स म प च रम Even a wise and brave man suprajñam api cec chūram ऋ म हयत नरम gets deluded d d by prosperity. ṛddhir mohayate naram वत म न स ख सव All who enjoy happiness vartamānaḥ sukhe sarvo न व त त म तम म understand not. This is my opinion. nāvaitīti matir mama (178.30) सप उव च स ऽहम य म ह न Deluded d by power, I was so 'ham aiśvarya-mohena मद व य ध र full of pride, O Yudhishthira. hthi madāviṣṭo yudhiṣṭhira प तत तस ब स After falling and then recovering my wisdom, patitaḥ pratisambuddhas व त स ब धय यहम I now tell this to you. tvāṁ tu sambodhayāmy aham (178.31)

16 क त क य मह र ज My purpose has been fulfilled kṛtaṁ kāryaṁ mahārāja वय मम पर तप by you, O Yudhishthira. hthi tvayā mama parantapa ण श प स क म My harsh curse has been removed kṣīṇaḥ śāpaḥ sukṛcchro me वय स य स ध न having conversed with a saintly person like you. tvayā sambhāṣya sādhunā (178.32) व श प यन उव च Rishi Vaishampayana said, vaiśampāyana uvāca च ण व च My question about brahman and brahmanas brahma ca brāhmaṇatvaṁ ca य न व हमच च दम I asked you for this purpose. yena tvāham acūcudam व त त ऽ त मह र ज Blessings to you, O King! svasti te 'stu mahārāja ग म य म दव प न Now I can return to heaven. gamiṣyāmi divaṁ punaḥ (178.42,44) इ य जगर द ह Having spoken thus, his snake body ity uktvājagaraṁ dehaṁ य स न ष न प being cast off, King Nahusha tyaktvā sa nahuṣo nṛpaḥ द य वप सम थ य regained his divine body divyaṁ vapuḥ samāsthāya गत दवम व ह and went to heaven and went to heaven. gatas tridivam eva ha (178.45)