Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary CH760: Readings in American Christianity Charlotte Campus: Spring 2015

Transcription

1 Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary CH760: Readings in American Christianity Charlotte Campus: Spring 2015 Course Description: Readings in American Christianity is designed to provide the student with an understanding of the development of Christianity in America from the early seventeenth century to the present time. This course is designed to help students interact with the rich tradition of American Christian history over the past 400 years, as well as explore aspects of that history at a deeper level through their reading and research. Textbook: Sydney E. Ahlstrom, A Religious History of the American People, 2nd ed., (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004) ISBN pp. Course Requirements: Students who are taking the course for credit are required to attend the three two-hour class sessions, to write two brief research papers, and to complete at least 2,500 pages of reading related to American Christianity. (A reading report will be due on the last day that coursework may be submitted for the Spring 2015 semester.) Students should consult the course bibliography in this syllabus regarding reading choices. In addition, it will be expected that students will focus their reading on their research for their papers. There will be no examinations. For your course reading, 1,100 pages will be from your required textbook, 600 pages from other readings in American Christianity listed in the course bibliography, and your final 800 pages from works you will read as part of the research for your two course papers. Please note the annotated bibliography assignment described later in the course syllabus. Research Papers: Each student will be asked to write two research papers for the course. Research papers should be prepared according to the standards found in the eighth edition of Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013). Each student should own a copy of Turabian for consultation as you prepare your research paper. 1. The first paper (due by second class meeting in March 2015) should focus on one significant individual in American Religious History. Research should include the reading of at least one major biography of the person and at least one major piece of writing by that person. The paper should consist of a seven-page biographical sketch of the person you have studied, a two-to-three page summary of specific ways (both positive and negative) in which your individual's life and work might be of help to you in your future ministry, and a bibliography listing the research materials you have read and cited as part of your research. (40 percent of your course grade.) Biographical topic: At our first class meeting in February 2015, the instructor will ask you to identify the individual on which you choose to write. Students should select an 1

2 individual for whom there is ample access to primary source material and secondary literature. With the instructor s approval, you are free to choose any individual related to American Christianity and its history. If you wish to write about someone from your Christian or denominational tradition, you are welcome to do that with approval from your instructor. 2. The second paper (due with your reading report on the last day that work can be submitted for the Spring 2015 semester) should focus on one significant theme or issue in American religious history. Length of your paper should be pages and research should include the use of both primary and secondary materials. The paper should consist of a description and analysis of the theme or issue you have selected and a summary of the impact that your topic makes on the life of American evangelicalism today. Include a bibliography of resources that you have consulted and cited as part of your research and writing. (40 percent of your course grade.) Research Paper Topic: At the second class meeting in March 2015, students should bring a one-paragraph description of their research topic to the March class meeting. The instructor is available for consultation regarding research topics for both papers and will help provide guidance in terms of potential research topics and materials if needed. Reading annotated bibliography: On the final coursework due date for the Spring 2015, each student will submit an annotated reading list of all course readings (including the assigned textbook). Each annotation should include a bibliographic entry formatted according to proper Chicago/Turabian format and a four-to-five sentence entry describing the significance of the work. With each bibliographic entry, please include the number of pages that you have read. (20 percent of your course grade.) Personal consultations: The instructor will normally be available both before and after each class session and in his office on Monday, Tuesday, and Friday afternoons of each week. He can be reached by at bmayer@gcts.edu, or by phone at (704) Please allow 24 to 48 hours for the instructor to respond to you. Semester beginning and ending dates: Spring 2015 semester begins on Monday, January 19, 2015 and ends on Sunday, May 9. That is your final due date for all Spring 2015 course work including work for this class. Let me encourage you to begin your course reading on or before January 19. Class Sessions: This is a readings course with six required hours of class time. Class will meet during Module three from 5:00 to 7:00 p.m. on the following three Saturdays: February 14, March 14, and April 11. Saturday, February 14, 2015 Course Introduction: American Christianity over four centuries ( ). A framework for understanding American evangelicalism. Review of course syllabus. Report from students on selection of topic for first research paper. 2

3 Reading: Ahlstrom, Religious History of the American People, Saturday, March 14, 2015 Report from students on selection topic for second research paper. Three American awakenings ( ). First paper is due. Reading: Ahlstrom, Saturday, April 11, 2015 The Civil War as a Theological Crisis, (based on a book title by Mark Noll). The Modernist-Fundamentalist controversies and 20 th Century. Prospects for the American Christian future. Reading: Ahlstrom, Academic Standards Cheating and plagiarism are considered serious breaches of personal and academic integrity. Cheating involves, but is not necessarily limited to, the use of unauthorized sources of information during an examination or the submission of the same (or substantially same) work for credit in two or more courses without the knowledge and consent of the instructors. Plagiarism involves the use of another person s distinctive ideas or words, whether published or unpublished, and representing them as one s own instead of giving proper credit to the source. Plagiarism can also involve over dependence on other source material for the scope and substance of one s writing. Such breaches in academic standards often result in a failing grade as well as other corrective measures. For more information, please consult the Student Handbook. ADA Policy The seminary complies with the provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act. A student with a qualifying and authenticated disability who is in need of accommodations, should petition the seminary in accordance with the stated guidelines in the Student Handbook. Cancellation of Class In the event the seminary has to cancel a class meeting (impending storm, professor illness, etc.), the Registration Office will send out an (via the GCTS account) notification to all students registered in the respective course. If the cancelation occurs the day of the scheduled meeting, the Registration Office will also attempt to contact students via their primary phone contact on record. The professor will contact the students (via GCTS account) regarding make-up. If a weekend class is cancelled, the class will be made up during the scheduled Make-Up weekend (see the academic calendar for the designated dates). For more info, consult your Student Handbook. 3

4 Extension Policy Arrangements for submission of late work at a date on or before the last day to submit written work, as noted on the seminary s Academic Calendar, are made between the student and professor. Formal petition to the Registration Office is not required at this time. This includes arrangements for the rescheduling of final exams. However, course work (reading and written) to be submitted after the publicized calendar due date, must be approved by the Registration Office. An extension form, available online, must be submitted to the Registration Office prior to the last day to submit written work. Requests received after this date will either be denied or incur additional penalty. For a full discussion of this policy, please consult the Student Handbook. Grades Grades are posted on-line within twenty-four hours of receipt from the professor. Students are expected to check their CAMS student portal in order to access posted grades. Those individuals, who need an official grade report issued to a third party, should put their request in writing to the Registration Office. Faculty have six weeks from the course work due date to submit a final grade. Returned Work Submitted course work will be returned to the student provided s/he provides a self addressed and postage paid envelope with his/her final work. Work submitted without the appropriate envelope will be destroyed once the grade has been assessed and issued. 4

5 Research in Christian History Christian history is a sub-discipline located within the overall context of historical studies and as such, it uses the research and writing conventions of the academic discipline of history. For presentation of your research papers, you are expected to prepare them according to the standards articulated in: Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for Students and Researchers, Eighth edition. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013). Please use the eighth edition of Turabian as it includes the most up-to-date citation formats for electronic and internet resources. Two guides for research and writing are helpful tools for understanding use of sources and methods: James E. Bradley and Richard A. Muller, Church History: An Introduction to Research, Reference Works, and Methods. (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1995) William Kelleher Storey, Writing History: A Guide for Students. 2d.ed. (New York: Oxford, 2004). For a guide to historical method from a Christian viewpoint, see: David Bebbington, Patterns in History: A Christian Perspective on Historical Thought (Vancouver, BC: Regent College Publishing, 1990). See also: Robert F. Rea, Why Church History Matters: An Invitation to Love and Learn from Our Past (Downer s Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2014). Recommended reference works: These works will help you with initial research and can be especially helpful in locating initial bibliography for your research subjects. Stanley M. Burgess, ed. The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements. Revised and expanded edition. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2001). Donald M. Lewis, ed. Dictionary of Evangelical Biography vol. (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2004). Marvin A. McMickle, An Encyclopedia of African American Christian Heritage (Valley Forge, PA: Judson, 2002). 5

6 Daniel G. Reid, ed., Dictionary of Christianity in America (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1990). Edwin S. Gaustad, Historical Atlas of Religion in America Rev.ed. (New York: Harper & Row, 1976). Nelson R. Burr, A Critical Bibliography of Religion in America, 2 vols. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1961). Charles H. Lippy and Peter W. Williams, eds., Encyclopedia of the American Religious Experience: Studies of Traditions and Movements, 3 vols. (New York: Scribners, 1988). Frank S. Mead, Handbook of Denominations in the United States (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, most recent edition). Collections of Documents: Primary source documents that include many of the most important materials related to Christianity in America. Edwin S. Gaustad, ed., A Documentary History of Religion in America, 2 vols. (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, ). H.S. Smith, R.T. Handy and L.A. Loetscher, eds., American Christianity: An Historical Interpretation with Representative Documents, 2 vols. (New York: Scribner's, 1960). David A. Hollinger and Charles Capper, eds., The American Intellectual Tradition, 2 vols. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993). Keith J. Hardman, Issues in American Christianity: Primary Sources with Introductions (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1993). Ronald C. White, Louis B. Weeks and Garth M. Rosell, American Christianity (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1986). Textbooks in American Religious History: Mark A. Noll, A History of Christianity in the United States and Canada (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1992).. The Old Religion in the New World: The History of North American Christianity (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2001). Robert T. Handy, A History of the Churches in the United States and Canada (New York: Oxford, 1977). 6

7 Mark A. Noll, Nathan O. Hatch, George M. Marsden, David F. Wells and John D. Woodbridge, eds., Eerdmans' Handbook to Christianity in America (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1983). Martin E. Marty, Modern American Religion, 3 vols. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, ). Sidney E. Mead, The Lively Experiment: The Shaping of Christianity in America (New York: Harper & Row, 1963). Leonard I. Sweet, ed., The Evangelical Tradition in America (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1984). The Puritans Perry Miller, Errand into the Wilderness (New York: Harper Torch Books, 1964). Edmund S. Morgan, Visible Saints (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1965). Charles E. Hambrick-Stowe, The Practice of Piety: Puritan Devotional Disciplines in Seventeenth-Century New England (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982). Edmund S. Morgan, The Puritan Family (New York: Harper Torch Books, 1966). Francis J. Bremer, Puritanism: A Very Short Introduction (New York: Oxford, 2009). Conrad Cherry, God's New Israel: Religious Interpretation of American Destiny (New York: Prentice-Hall, 1971). Sidney E. Mead, The Lively Experiment: The Shaping of Christianity in America (New York: Harper & Row, 1963). William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation, , ed. and introduced by Samuel Eliot Morison (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993). Francis J. Bremer, John Winthrop: America s Forgotten Founding Father (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003). Robert Middlekauff, The Mathers: Three Generations of Puritan Intellectuals, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999). Jeannine Hensley, ed., The Works of Anne Bradstreet (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000). Perry Miller and Thomas H. Johnson, eds., The Puritans: A Sourcebook of Their Writings (Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2001). 7

8 Alan Heimert and Andrew Delbanco, eds., The Puritans in America: A Narrative Anthology (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985). Francis J. Bremer The Puritan Experiment: New England Society from Bradford to Edwards (Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1995). Joel R. Beeke and Mark Jones Puritan Theology: Doctrine for Life (Grand Rapids, MI: Reformation Heritage Books, 2012). James I. Packer, A Quest for Godliness: The Puritan Vision of the Christian Life (Westchester, IL: Crossway, 2010). Leland Ryken, Worldly Saints: The Puritans as They Really Were (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1990). The Missionary Impulse in Early American Christianity: Linford D. Fisher, The Indian Great Awakening: Religion and the Shaping of Native Cultures in Early America (New York: Oxford, 2013). Neal Salisbury,ed., The Sovereignty and Goodness of God by Mary Rowlandson (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1997). Ola E. Winslow, John Eliot: Apostle to the Indians (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Co., 1968). Jonathan Edwards, The Life of David Brainerd, in The Works of Jonathan Edwards, vol. 7, Norman Pettit, ed. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985). Patrick Frazier, The Mohicans of Stockbridge (Lincoln & London: University of Nebraska Press, 1992). Felipe Fernández-Armesto, Columbus (New York: Oxford, 1992). Charles Lippy, Robert Choquette and Stafford Poole, Christianity Comes to the Americas (New York: Paragon House, 1992). Wilcomb E. Washburn, The Indian and the White Man (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1964). C. W. Ceram, The First American: A Story of North American Archaeology (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1971). "A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (1662)," in William L. Andrews, ed., Classic American Autobiographies (New York: Mentor Books, 1992), pp

9 Samuel Eliot Morison, Admiral of the Ocean Sea: A Life of Christopher Columbus (New York: Little, Brown Publishing, 1942). George Sanderlin, ed. and trans., Bartolomé de Las Casas: A Selection of His Writings (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971). The First Great Awakening Charles Chauncy, "Enthusiasm Described and Cautioned Against" (1742) and "Seasonable Thoughts on the State of Religion" (1743) in Heimert and Miller, The Great Awakening pp and (Background material can be found in Charles H. Lippy, Seasonable Thoughts: The Mind of Charles Chauncy (Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1981). Jonathan Edwards, "The Distinguishing Marks of a Work of the Spirit" (1741) and "Thoughts on the Revival of Religion" (1742), in Heimert and Miller, pp and (Background materials can be found in Iain H. Murray, Jonathan Edwards: A New Biography (Carlisle, PA: The Banner of Truth Trust, 1987). Thomas S. Kidd, The Great Awakening: The Roots of Evangelical Christianity in Colonial America (New Haven, CT: Yale, 2007). Arnold A. Dallimore, George Whitefield: God's Anointed Servant in the Great Revival of the Eighteenth Century (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1990). George M. Marsden, Jonathan Edwards: A Life (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003). George Marsden, A Short Life of Jonathan Edwards (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008). Charles E. Hambrick-Stowe, Charles G. Finney and the Spirit of American Evangelicalism (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996). Alan Heimert and Perry Miller, The Great Awakening: Documents Illustrating the Crisis and its Consequences (Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill, 1967). George Whitefield's Journals (Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth, 1989). Nathan O. Hatch and Harry S. Stout, eds., Jonathan Edwards and the American Experience (New York: Oxford, 1988). Bernard A. Weisberger, They Gathered at the River: The Story of the Great Revivalists and Their Impact Upon Religion in America (Boston: Little, Brown, 1958). 9

10 Patricia U. Bonomi, Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society and Politics in Colonial America (New York: Oxford, 1986). Jon Butler, Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People (Cambridge, MA:: Harvard, 1990). Charles H. Maxson, The Great Awakening in the Middle Colonies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1920). Edwin Scott Gaustad, The Great Awakening in New England (New York: Harper and Row, 1957). Wesley M. Gewehr, The Great Awakening in Virginia (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1930). American Religious Freedom Edwin S. Gaustad, Roger Williams: Prophet of Liberty (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001). William G. McLoughlin, ed., Isaac Backus on Church, State and Calvinism (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1968), pp Merrill D. Peterson and Robert C. Vaughn, eds., The Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003). William Lee Miller, The First Liberty: America s Foundation in Religious Freedom (Baltimore, Maryland: Georgetown University Press, 2003). Richard Neuhaus, The Naked Public Square (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984). Leonard W. Levy, The Establishment Clause: Religion and the First Amendment (New York: MacMillen, 1986). Joseph Blau, ed., Cornerstones of Religious Freedom in America (Boston: The Beacon Press, 1949). Antonin Scalia, A Matter of Interpretation (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997). Terry Eastland, ed., Religious Liberty in the Supreme Court: Majority and Dissenting Opinions of 25 Supreme Court Cases (Washington D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1993). Robert S. Alley, ed., The Constitution and Religion: Leading Supreme Court Cases on Church and State (New York: Prometheus, 1999). 10

11 The American Revolution Joseph Ellis, Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation (New York: Knopf, 2000). David McCullough, John Adams (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2002). Joseph Ellis, Passionate Sage: The Character and Legacy of John Adams (New York: Norton, 2001). Richard Norton Smith, Patriarch: George Washington and the New American Nation (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993). Walter Isaacson, Benjamin Franklin: An American Life (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003). Richard Brookhiser, Alexander Hamilton, American (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1999). Cokie Roberts, Founding Mothers: The Women Who Raised our Nation (New York: Harper, 2005). Joseph J. Ellis, American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson (New York: Random House, 1998). David L. Holmes, The Faiths of the Founding Fathers (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006). Alan E. Heimert, Religion and the American Mind from the Great Awakening to the Revolution (Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 1966). Patricia U. Bonomi, Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society, and Politics in Colonial America (New York: Oxford, 1986). Jerald C. Brauer, ed., Religion and the American Revolution (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1976). Edwin S. Gaustad, Faith of Our Fathers: Religion and the New Nation (New York: Harper & Row, 1987). Nathan O. Hatch, The Sacred Cause of Liberty: Republican Thought and the Millennium in Revolutionary New England (New Haven, CT: Yale, 1977). Mark Noll, Christians in the American Revolution, 2d.ed. (Vancouver, B.C.: Regent University Press, 2006). Thomas Kidd, God of Liberty: A Religious History of the American Revolution (New York: Basic Books, 2010). 11

12 The Democratization of American Christianity Nathan O. Hatch, The Democratization of American Christianity (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989). Gordon S. Wood, Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic (New York: Oxford, 2011). Mark A. Noll, America s God: From Jonathan Edwards to Abraham Lincoln (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002). Edward S. Gaustad, Neither King nor Prelate: Religion and the New Nation (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1993). Richard J. Carwardine, Evangelicals and Politics in Antebellum America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993). Edmund S. Morgan, Inventing the People: The Rise of Popular Sovereignty in England and America (New York: W. W. Norton, Co., 1989). Alice Felt Tyler, Freedom s Ferment (New York: Harper Torch Books, 1962). G. Adolf Koch, Religion of the American Enlightenment (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1968). Robert T. Handy, A Christian America: Protestant Hopes and Historical Realities (New York: Oxford, 1984). Gordon S. Wood, The Creation of the American Republic (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1998). Charles Hambrick-Stowe, Charles Finney and the Spirit of American Evangelicalism (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, David Rowe, God s Strange Work: William Miller and the End of the World (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008). Daniel Walker Howe, What God Hath Wrought: The Transformation of America: (New York: Oxford, 2009). Slavery, Segregation, and Evangelical efforts toward reform Mark A. Noll, The Civil War as a Theological Crisis (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006). Mark A. Noll, God, Race, and American Politics: A Short History (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton UP, 2010). 12

13 Eugene Genovese, Roll Jordan Roll: The World the Slaves Made (New York: Vintage, 1976). Albert Raboteau, Slave Religion: The Invisible Institution in the Antebellum South 2d.ed. (New York: Oxford, 2004). Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave, Written by Himself (New York: Signet Books, 1968). Donald W. Dayton, Discovering an Evangelical Heritage (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1988). Allen C. Guelzo, Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2002). Ronald C. White, A. Lincoln: A Biography (New York: Random House, 2010). Bertram Wyatt-Brown, Lewis Tappan and the Evangelical War Against Slavery (Cleveland: Case Western Reserve University, 1969). Timothy L. Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform: American Protestantism on the Eve of the Civil War (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1980). William G. McLoughlin, Revivals, Awakenings and Reform (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978). Robert H. Abzug, Cosmos Crumbling (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994). C. C. Goen, Broken Church, Broken Nation: Denominational Schisms and the Coming of the Civil War (Macon, GA: Mercer, 1985). John R. McKivigan, The War against Proslavery Religion: Abolitionism and the Northern Churches, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1984). James H. Moorhead, American Apocalypse: Yankee Protestants and the Civil War, (New Haven, CT: Yale, 1978). Fundamentalism, Modernism, and the New Evangelicalism Lyle W. Dorsett, Billy Sunday and the Redemption of Urban America (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1991). Bradley J. Longfield, The Presbyterian Controversy: Fundamentalists, Modernists and Moderates (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991). 13

14 Garth M. Rosell, The Surprising Work of God (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2008). George M. Marsden, Fundamentalism and American Culture: The Shaping of Twentieth Century Evangelicalism (New York: Oxford, 1980). William R. Hutchison, ed., American Protestant Thought: The Liberal Era (New York: Harper and Row, 1968). Robert T. Handy, ed., The Social Gospel in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1966). William R. Hutchison, The Modernist Impulse in American Protestantism (Cambridge, MA: Harvard, 1976). Paul M. Minus, Walter Rauschenbusch: American Reformer (New York: Macmillan, 1988). Willard B. Gatewood, ed., Controversy in the Twenties: Fundamentalism, Modernism and Evolution (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1969). Ernest Sandeen, The Roots of Fundamentalism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970). Christian Smith, American Evangelicalism: Embattled and Thriving (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998). Jon R. Stone, On the Boundaries of American Evangelicalism: The Postwar Evangelical Coalition (New York: St. Martin s Press, 1997). Robert Wuthnow, The Restructuring of American Religion (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988). William R. Hutchison, ed., Between the Times: The Travail of the Protestant Establishment in America, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989). Arthur H. Matthews, Standing Up, Standing Together: The Emergence of the National Association of Evangelicals (Carol Stream, IL NAE, 1992). Joel Carpenter, ed., The Youth for Christ Movement and its Pioneers (New York: Garland, 1988). Carl F. H. Henry, The Uneasy Conscience of Modern Fundamentalism (New York: Garland Publishing, 1988); Dan D. Crawford, A Thirst for Souls: The Life of the Evangelist Percy B. Crawford (Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 2010); 14

15 George M. Marsden, Reforming Fundamentalism: Fuller Seminary and the New Evangelicalism (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1987); Mark A Noll, The Scandal of the Evangelical Mind (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1994). 15