Syllabus for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament Winter Session, 9:00 AM 12:00 PM Mondays through Fridays, January 3-23 (24), 2019

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1 OT 505 Syllabus: 1 Syllabus for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament Winter Session, 9:00 AM 12:00 PM Mondays through Fridays, January 3-23 (24), 2019 Instructor: Gordon Hugenberger General Comments: This course offers a survey of selected Old Testament messianic prophecies, as well as selected messianic types, particularly those which are identified by the New Testament as predictive of, or fulfilled in Christ. The emphasis of the course will be on the interpretation of these texts and types as understood within their Old Testament context. Among the topics to be considered will be many of the following (to be determined according to the available time): Genesis 3, 9, 12, 15, 22, 49; Exodus 17; Leviticus 16, with an introduction to the Old Testament sacrificial system; Numbers 24; Deuteronomy 18; Judges 13-16; 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 7, 12-18; 24; Psalm 8, 16, 22, 69, 110; Isaiah 7, 9, 11, 53; Micah 5; Daniel 2, 7, 9; Jonah; Zechariah 3, 6; and Malachi. Warning Do NOT allow anyone to share with you the contents of any previous tests or exams for this course. Do NOT accept or use any list of study questions that are based on previous lectures, tests, or exams. Either infraction will be deemed to be a case of cheating, since it is unfair to your fellow students, and it is unkind to you, since it works against your own genuine mastery of the contents of this course. Textbooks: A. You are required to read 45 chapters from the Old Testament (NIV or ESV are recommended, but any translation of your choice is permitted). These chapters are listed on the Reading Report. You do not need to include any reading notes on this Bible reading. B. In addition, you are required to read and report on about 900 pages of secondary source material. 660 pages out of the require 900 pages, will be read BEFORE the Final Exam. Your written reading reports will consist of about ½ to 1 page of typed (or legibly hand printed) notes for every 50 pages you read. The first eight required articles or books listed below (494 pages) can be read in any order that you wish, but they must be read before the Final Exam: 1) W.C. Kaiser, Jr., The Messiah in the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1995 ISBN ) pp

2 OT 505 Syllabus: 2 2) Vern Sheridan Poythress, The Shadow of Christ in the Law of Moses (Phillipsburg, N.J.: P&R Publishers, ISBN ) pp NOTE: the second half of Poythress book (pages after 153) is NOT relevant to this course. So it cannot be read for credit for this course. 3) G.P. Hugenberger, Introductory Notes on Typology in Gregory K. Beale, ed., The Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Essays on the Use of the Old Testament in the New (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1994 ISBN ) pp A copy of this article will be posted online. 4) G.P. Hugenberger, Samson and the Harlot at Gaza (Judges 16:1-3), in D.M. Gurtner and B.L. Gladd, eds., From Creation to New Creation: Biblical Theology and Exegesis (Hendrickson, 2013 ISBN ) pp A copy of this article will be posted online. 5) G.P. Hugenberger, Some Notes on the Abrahamic Covenant (8 pp,), The Seventy Weeks Prophecy of Daniel 9: A Comparison of Major Views (7 pp.), and Daniel Abbreviated Time Chart (3 pp.) - all are unpublished essays, but will be posted online. 6) G.P. Hugenberger, The Servant of the Lord in the Servant Songs of Isaiah, in Philip E. Satterthwaite, Richard S. Hess, and Gordon J. Wenham, eds. The Lord s Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts (Carlisle: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1995 ISBN ; REPRINT Wipf & Stock, 2012 ISBN ), pp This reprinted edition is available through the GCTS Book Store. NOTE while you are required to read this entire book for the course (see 9 below), you need to read this essay before the Final Exam. 7) Meredith G. Kline, The Covenant of the Seventieth Week, in J.H. Skilton, ed., The Law and the Prophets: Old Testament Studies in Honor of Oswald T. Allis (Nutley, NJ: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1974 ASIN: B000PRUZXK) pp Available for free at < %20The%20Covenant%20of%20the%20Seventieth%20W.pdf>. 8) John Sailhamer, The Messiah and the Hebrew Bible, Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society, 44:1 (March 2001) This will be posted on line. Be sure to read BEFORE the Final Exam ALL of the above 494 pages of secondary source material, in addition to the assigned 45 chapters of the Bible, since this will be tested. Also you will need to read 166 pages of the items listed below before the Final Exam, although this content will not be tested ( pages = 660 pages, which is what is required if one reads 60 pages/day for 11 days). After the final exam you will need to read the remaining 240 pages ( = 900 pages).

3 OT 505 Syllabus: pages of any combination of the following listed books and articles may be read for credit at any time before Tuesday, February 5, 2019, at 4:00 PM, when your final Reading Report is due. For full credit, however, as mentioned above, 166 pages of these 406 pages must be read before the Final Exam (in order to keep up with the daily reading requirement). 9) Read the rest of Philip E. Satterthwaite, Richard S. Hess, and Gordon J. Wenham, eds. The Lord s Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts (Carlisle: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1995 ISBN ; REPRINT Wipf & Stock, 2012 ISBN ) pp ; This reprinted edition is available through the GCTS Book Store. 10) You are also required to read and report on 190 pages to be chosen according to your preference from the following works (I will make recommendations in class; none of this reading will be tested on the Final): T. Desmond Alexander, Royal Expectations in Genesis to Kings: Their Importance for Biblical Theology, Tyndale Bulletin 49:2 (1998 ISSN ) , The Servant King. The Bible s Portrait of the Messiah (Vancouver, BC: Regent College Publishing, 2003 ISBN ) Gregory K. Beale, ed., The Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Essays on the Use of the Old Testament in the New (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1994 ISBN ), Did Jesus and the Apostles Preach the Right Doctrine from the Wrong Texts? Revisiting the Debate Seventeen Years Later in the Light of Peter Enns Book, Inspiration and Incarnation, Themelios 32:1 (2006 ISSN ) James H. Charlesworth, ed., The Messiah. Developments in Earliest Judaism and Christianity, The First Princeton Symposium on Judaism and Christian Origins (Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Fortress Press, 2009 ISBN ) Edmund P Peter A. Lillback, ed., Seeing Christ in All of Scripture. Clowney, The Unfolding Mystery (2nd edition): Discovering Christ in the Old Testament (2nd edition; Phillipsburg, New Jersey: P&R Publishing, 2013; ISBN ) John J. Collins, The Scepter and the Star: Messianism in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Anchor Bible Reference Library 2 nd ed. (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010 ISBN ) Jonathan Edwards, Types of the Messiah in Vol. II of The Works of Jonathan Edwards (reprint; Hendrickson Publishers, 1998 ISBN ) Craig A. Evans, Appendix Six: Messianic Claimants of the First and Second Centuries, in Ancient Texts for New Testament Studies. A Guide to the Background Literature (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2005 ISBN ) Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The One Who is to Come (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007 ISBN ) Graeme Goldsworthy, Christ-Centered Biblical Theology: Hermeneutical Foundations and Principles (Downer s Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2012 ISBN ) Gerard Van Groningen, Messianic Revelation in the Old Testament (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 1997 ISBN )

4 OT 505 Syllabus: 4 E.W. Hengstenberg, Christology of the Old Testament, 2 vols. (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2008 ISBN ) this is the classic work on OT Christology Richard S. Hess and M. Daniel Carroll R., eds., Israel s Messiah in the Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2011 ISBN ) L.D. Hurst, Did Qumran Expect Two Messiahs?, Bulletin for Biblical Research 9 (1999 ISSN X) Marinus de Jonge, Messiah, in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992 ISBN ) Walter C. Kaiser Jr., Toward an Old Testament Theology (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1991 ISBN ) Meredith G. Kline, The Exaltation of Christ, Kerux: A Journal of Biblical-Theological Preaching 12:3 (1997 ISSN ) 3-29 Meredith G. Kline, Glory in Our Midst: A Biblical-Theological Reading of Zechariah s Night Visions (Overland Park, KS: Two Age Press, 2001 ISBN ) , [available for free download at < Meredith G. Kline, Kingdom Prologue (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2006 ISBN ) [This book can be downloaded for free at Tremper Longman III, Immanuel in Our Place: Seeing Christ in Israel's Worship, The Gospel According to the Old Testament (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R Publishing, 2001 ISBN ) Michael A. Knibb, Eschatology and Messianism in the Dead Sea Scrolls, in The Dead Sea Scrolls after Fifty Years, 2 vols., ed. Peter W. Flint and James VanderKam (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1999 ISBN ) Stanley E. Porter, ed., The Messiah in the Old and New Testaments (McMaster New Testament Studies; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007 ISBN ) Ellis Rivkin, The Meaning of Messiah in Jewish Thought, in Marc H. Tanenbaum, et al., eds., Evangelicals and Jews in Conversation on Scripture, Theology, and History (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1978 ISBN ) Michael Rydelnik, The Messianic Hope: Is the Old Testament Really Messianic? (New American Commentary Studies in Bible and Theology; Nashville, TN: B&H Academic, 2010 ISBN ) Philip E. Satterthwaite, Richard S. Hess, and Gordon J. Wenham, eds. The Lord s Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts (Carlisle: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1995 ISBN ) Emil Schürer, 29. Messianism, in The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, Vol. 2, ed. Emil Schürer and Fergus Millar Rev. and ed. by Geza Vermes, and Matthew Black (Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark, 1979 ISBN ) James E. Smith, What The Bible Teaches About the Promised Messiah (Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1993 ISBN ) Geerhardus Vos, edited by James T. Dennison Jr., The Eschatology of the Old Testament (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R Publishing, 2001 ISBN ) Christopher J.H. Wright, Knowing Jesus Through the Old Testament. Rediscovering the Roots of Our Faith (2 nd Edition; Downer s Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2014; ISBN ). Note that Tyndale House Library Catalogue is an excellent online resource for electronic books and bibliography in the field of biblical studies < See also their technical resources at <

5 OT 505 Syllabus: 5 Also useful as a reference tool, but not allowed to read for credit, is Richard N. Soulen and R. Kendall Soulen, Handbook of Biblical Criticism (Fourth Edition; Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2011 ISBN ) Requirements, Testing, and Grading: You will be graded on a 100-point scale as follows: 1) In preparation for each class period, excluding the first, you will be required to read before class an assigned portion of the English Bible as well as 75 pages from the required secondary sources listed above. For the purpose of grading yourself, reading implies a substantial degree of comprehension and should not be equated with skimming. You need not read every footnote, however. You will also be required to read some additional material after the Final Exam. You are to keep track of your success in this reading requirement by means of a daily entry in a Reading Report, which will be submitted, along with the abovementioned reading notes ( 1 /2 1 page of notes for each 25 pages read), on or before the last day permitted for written work, which is Tuesday, February 5, 2019). NOTE: your Reading Report must be handed in or mailed on or before Feb 5, 2019 at 4:00 PM to my Teaching Assistant, Stephanie Joy Armbruster, at GCTS Box 11-B, or GCTS, 130 Essex St, South Hamilton, MA award yourself 1 pt. each day (most days) if your reading was completed on time (there are two days when the maximum credit is ½ point) award yourself 1 /2 pt. (most days) if the required reading was completed late (there are two days when the maximum partial credit is ¼ point) 10 pts. When you submit your Reading Report, you must also submit approx. 1/2 to 1 page of typed or legibly printed hand-written reading notes for every 25 pages of reading that you do. These notes need not consist of complete sentences. They should show me, however, that you read the material in a thoughtful way. For example, they might include the following: 1) a brief summary of the major point(s) of the book or article; 2) a list of some exceptional insights with page numbers; and 3) a list of any difficulties, weaknesses, or places where the author disagrees with material presented in the lectures, again with page numbers. Inadequate quality in these reports will result in an appropriate deduction from the points awarded for this reading assignment. No written notes are required for the Bible reading. 2) In-class participation of students (including occasional written pop quizzes). Students will be informally graded on a daily basis by the instructor (1 pt. per day). Points will be awarded for intelligent relevant questions raised by students, as well as for correct answers to oral questions asked by the instructor. If a student happens to be absent when an oral question is directed to him or her, or if a written pop quiz is given to the entire class, that day s 1 point will be lost. 10 pts. 3) A Mid-Term Exam will be given on Friday, January 11, 2019 (short answers reflecting class lectures). NOTE: This is a closed book quiz. You are permitted,

6 OT 505 Syllabus: 6 however, to have a printed Bible, so long as it has no printed study notes, nor any handwritten notes. You will not be permitted to use a concordance. 30 pts. 4) A cumulative Final Exam will be given on Wednesday, January 23, 2019 (short answers reflecting all class lectures, especially those since the Mid-term exam, and all required reading up to this point. There will also be a short essay question on this exam that will be worth 4 pts. NOTE: This is a closed book quiz. You are permitted, however, to have a printed Bible, so long as it has no printed study notes, nor any handwritten notes. You will not be permitted to use a concordance. 50 pts. 5) Extra credit (up to 1 ½ pts.) will be given to students for the following: For students who enter this course without any knowledge of Hebrew, extra credit will be given for those who learn the Hebrew writing system (i.e. 1 pt. for the consonants and 1 pt. for the vowels, up to a maximum of 1½ pts.). To confirm this knowledge a brief test will be given with the Final Exam on Wednesday, January 23, Extra credit will be given for any student who indicates on the Reading Report a significant degree of additional outside reading for this course. 1 /2 pt. will be awarded for each 100 pages read (up to a maximum of 1 1 /2 pts). This reading may be done at any time before Tuesday, February 5, 2019, the deadline for submission of the Reading Report. No reading notes are required for this extra credit reading. up to 1 1 /2 pts. Grades will be computed on the basis of the percentage of points awarded out of so a total of 97 will convert into an A+, 93 and above will earn an A, 90 and above will earn an A-. The lowest possible passing grade will be a total of 60 points, or a D-. Plan of coverage: The following is offered as a tentative schedule: Date Anticipated coverage in class 1) Thursday, January 3, 2019 Introduction to the course; Jesus as the Christ; Jesus as the end of the law 2) Friday, January 4, 2019 Genesis 1-2; Spirit and Temple; Image of God 3) Monday, January 7, 2019 Genesis 3; tree of knowledge; clothing 4) Tuesday, January 8, 2019 Genesis 6-9, 12; dispensational vs. covenant theology 5) Wednesday, January 9, 2019 Genesis 15, 17 6) Thursday, January 10, 2019 Genesis 22, 49; Exodus 12 7) Friday, January 11, 2019 MID-TERM EXAM; Exodus 17; Deuteronomy 17-18; typology;

7 OT 505 Syllabus: 7 8) Monday, January 14, 2019 Judges 13-16; 1 Samuel 17; Davidic typology (2 Samuel 7, 12-18, 24) 9) Tuesday, January 15, 2019 Isaiah 7, 9, 11 (Isaiah 53) 10) Wednesday, January 16, 2019 (Micah 5); Daniel 2, 7 11) Thursday, January 17, 2019 Daniel 9 12) Friday, January 18, 2019 Daniel 11-12; Jonah Monday, January 21, 2019 HOLIDAY (MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr.) 13) Tuesday, January 22, 2019 Introduction to the OT sacrificial system, Leviticus 16 14) Wednesday, January 23, 2019 FINAL EXAM Thursday, January 24, 2019 Potential snow make-up day. Tuesday, February 5, 2019 (4:00 PM) Your Reading Report must be handed in, or postmarked and mailed to the Teaching Fellow, Stephanie Joy Armbruster, at GCTS Box 11-B, or GCTS, 130 Essex St, South Hamilton, MA Inclement weather the main rule: always keep up with homework assignments as if the class had been held. Cancellation and delay announcements will be recorded by 6:00 AM on the campus switchboard ( ). School cancellations and delays based on inclement weather are also announced on TV on WBZ Channel 4 and WCVB Channel 5; on the radio on WRKO radio 680 AM and WBZ radio 1030 AM; and on the internet: WBZ (channel 4): boston.cbslocal.com/school-closings/ WCVB (channel 5): WHDH (channel 7): www1.whdh.com/stormforce/index.php You can register online to have school closing/delay information sent to your account or sent to your cell phone as a text message. If there is more than one snow cancellation, we will have a make-up class on Thursday, January 24, 2019 (this would also be used for a Final Exam, if adverse weather is predicted for Wednesday, January 23, 2019). Office Hours Stephanie Joy Armbruster will be serving as my Teaching Fellow for this course (January term 2019). If you have any questions or would welcome tutoring help, please feel free to contact her at GCTS Box 11-B, or GCTS, 130 Essex St, South Hamilton, MA If I can be of any help, please do not hesitate to seek me out during my regular office hours, which will be posted on my office door in the basement of the library (Rm 125). I may also be reached via at <Hugenber@gordonconwell.edu>. Auditors Regularly admitted students may take this course as an official audit by securing the necessary approval from the registration office and by paying the appropriate fee. Please inform the professor so that your attendance will be noted. Official auditors are welcome to ask

8 OT 505 Syllabus: 8 questions and participate in the class in much the same way as students who are taking the course for credit. Others may take this course as a courtesy audit, but they are asked to refrain from asking questions or participating by responding to questions during the class period. Regularly admitted students at GCTS, GCTS employees, or the spouses of students or of employees. Only one courtesy audit is permitted per semester. Courtesy auditors are required to secure approval from the registration office and from the professor. Outside courtesy auditors are also welcome, if there is adequate classroom space. If outside courtesy auditors plan to attend more than one lecture, they are asked please to secure permission from the professor and, as needed, from the registration office. Intellectual Property Right Policy (as approved by the GCTS Faculty, April 18, 2007) To protect the professor s intellectual property rights with regard to classroom content, students are asked to refrain from audio and video recording of classes, as well as audio, video, and written publication (including internet posting and broadcasting) or live transmission of classroom proceedings. Internet Usage Policy (as approved by the GCTS Faculty, April 18, 2007) Students are asked to refrain from accessing the internet at any point during class sessions, unless otherwise instructed by the professor. Surfing the web, checking , and other internet-based activities are distracting to other students and to the professor, and prevent the student from fully participating in the class session. The Final Exam Short Essay Question The Final Exam will include one short essay question worth 4 points. This question will invite the student to write a one-and-a-half-page essay on a biblical text on which the professor will not have lectured. The intention of this question is to allow students to show that they have learned how to apply the methods taught and modelled in this course to a disputed messianic prophecy. Students will be allowed to choose one out of a list of three possible texts on which to write. The following are possible candidates for this question. On Friday, January 11, 2019 students will be told the list of three texts from which they can choose to write. Those three texts, which will be announced on January 11, 2019, will be selected by the professor from the following larger list: Numbers 24 Jesus Christ, the Star of Jacob Psalm 2 Jesus Christ, the Son of God Psalm 72 Jesus Christ, Seed of David and Seed of Abraham Psalm 110 Jesus Christ, the Priest-King After the Order of Melchizedek Jeremiah 33:14-26 Jesus Christ, the Righteous Branch of Jeremiah s Vision Ezekiel 34 Jesus Christ, the true Shepherd and David who was to Come Hosea 11:1 Out of Egypt I have called My son [see Matthew 2:15] Zechariah 6:9-15 Jesus Christ, the true Priest-King and Coming Branch

9 OT 505 Syllabus: 9 First Part of Reading Report for OT 505: Christ in the Old Testament NAME: Box # You should fill out the relevant portions of this Reading Report on a daily basis. You must complete it, sign it, and submit it, postmarked no later than Tuesday, February 5, It should be sent to our Teaching Fellow, Stephanie Joy Armbruster, at GCTS Box 11-B, or to me, Dr. Gordon P. Hugenberger, c/o GCTS, 130 Essex St, South Hamilton, MA For the purpose of grading yourself, reading implies a substantial degree of comprehension and should not be equated with skimming. You are not required, however, to read every footnote. In order to satisfy the Bible reading requirement, you must read through the assigned portions for this course. Accordingly, NO Bible reading accomplished PRIOR TO November 1, 2018 will be accepted as meeting this requirement. Check each portion of the Bible that you have carefully read for this course: Completed Completed DUE DATE ASSIGNMENT Before Class After Class ( 3 /4 pt.) ( 1 /4 pt.) 1/4/19 Genesis 1-3 and read 60 pp. from list 1/7/19 Genesis 6-9, 12 and read 60 pp. from list 1/8/19 Genesis 15, 17, 22, 49 and read 60 pp. from list 1/9/19 Exodus 12, 17 and read 60 pp. from list 1/10/19 Deuteronomy 17-18; Judges and read 60 pp. from list 1/11/19 MIDTERM EXAM (1 pt.) ( 1 /4 pt.) 1/14/19 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 7, 12-18, 24, and read 60 pp. from list ( 3 /4 pt.) ( 1 /4 pt.) 1/15/19 Isaiah 7, 9, 11 and read 60 pp. from list 1/16/19 Isaiah 53; Micah 5; and read 60 pp. from list 1/17/19 Daniel 2, 7, 9; and read 60 pp. from list 1/18/19 Daniel 11-12; Jonah and read 60 pp. from list 1/21/19 HOLIDAY (MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr.) 1/22/19 Leviticus 16; and read 60 pp. from list 1/23/19 FINAL EXAM (with short essay question) 1/24/19 Potential snow day, if needed 2/5/19 The remaining 240 pp. from the list. Award yourself 1 /4 pt. for each 40 pp. that you read: pts. out of 1.5 pts. TOTAL points for the above reading assignments: pts. out of 10 pts. ATTACHED SHEETS: I have attached to this Report approx. ½ page of typed or printed reading notes for each 25 pages I read, which include information such as 1) a summary of the major point(s) of the book or article; 2) a list of exceptional insights and their page locations; and/or 3) a list of difficulties and weaknesses and their page locations.

10 OT 505 Syllabus: 10 For Extra Credit (for those who cannot qualify for earning extra credit for learning the Hebrew alphabet, since they have already learned it) I also read pages of additional recommended articles and books. On the back of this sheet I have provided full bibliographic information and the number of pages read in each item. No reading notes are required for this Extra Credit reading. Total points for this EXTRA CREDIT reading: pts. ( 1 /4 pt. for every 40 pages up to a maximum of 1 1 /2 pts. for 240 pages) SIGNED: