K h o s t Local Influ e n c e r s

Transcription

1 K h o s t Local Influ e n c e r s ( f r o m 2009 to 2012) by: Audrey Roberts TRIBAL Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures ANALYSIS CENTER May 2013

2 K h o s t Local Influ e n c e r s ( f r o m 2009 to 2012) by: Audrey Roberts TRIBAL Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures ANALYSIS CENTER About Tribal Analysis Center

3 Gurbuz Rahim Shah, Musa Khan Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Gurbuz Rasul Mahman, Musa Khan Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Also mentioned in Maidani Gurbuz Shermet, Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Gurbuz Hakim, Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Gurbuz Azrat Khan, malavi Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Gurbuz Mirzat Khan, malavi Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Gurbuz Sayed Ali Khan, Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar malavi Gurbuz Karim, malavi Maidani Gorbuzi Ezhdinwar Jaji Maidan Lal Badsha, Jaji Zani Jaji Maidan Janam, bazaar Jaji Bazaar Jaji Jaji Maidan Edmar Jan, bazaar Jaji Bazaar Jaji Jaji Maidan Hanunji, bazaar Jaji Bazaar Jaji Abdul Mohammed, Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL village Aziz Rahman, village Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL; retired NDS COL Rahim Shah, village Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL; Law Faculty at Khost University Dr. Sadiq Ali, village Mir Wali, village Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL; girls school teacher

4 Hekmatullah, tallah leader Sayed Mohammed, spingari Pateh Khan, spingari Haji Faizullah, village Haroon, village Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL Kagiree Kalay Abuting SAL Ghra Warda Kalay (aka Nawai Kalay) Ghra Warda Kalay (aka Nawai Kalay) Sharif, village Ghra Warda Kalay (aka Nawai Kalay) Gul Shah Khan, village Haji Aziz Mohammed, village Mangal Abuting SAL Abuting SAL; retired NDS Ghra Warda Kalay (aka Nawai Kalay) Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Noor Wali, village Mir Abad Sha, village Abdullah, village Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL

5 Khan Akbar, village Mangal, village Gul Baz Khan, village Sahib Shah, village Haji Muhammed Azim Jan, village and War Puri tallah Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Sahrah Kalay Abuting SAL Warda Abuting SAL; former attorney Namatallah Jan, village Sayed Rahman, village Haji Qasim, village Gul Rahman, village Haji Lal Khan, Wum Kalay Muqbel Babrak, Wum Kalay Muqbel Makham, Wum Kalay Muqbel Haji Nawab Khan, Toriyan Kalay Abuting SAL; NDS officer Toriyan Kalay Abuting SAL Toriyan Kalay Abuting SAL; Toriyan Kalay Abuting SAL; girls school teacher Shembowat Zadran Zeni Bakhiki Haji Nazim, Zadran Zeni Fasul Rahim, Zadran Tribal Council Chairman

6 Haji Wali Akbar Zadran, Zadran Kholay Mohammed Ayoub, Zadran Zeni Mullah Abdul Rasheed, Zadran Zeni Bakhiki Sakhi Muhammad Khan, Muqbel tribal POC for 2009 Resolution Letter bw Muqbel and Mangal Alif Noor, former arbakai commander Zadran Zeni Bola Haji Haidar Gul Mangal, Mangal tribal POC for 2009 Resolution Letter bw Muqbel and Mangal; NDS Chief of and US Rule of Law Officer noted to have original documents with signatures of s Haji Satar, Zadran Zeni Manda Reportedly most influential of the Mandal Haji Mir Zadin, Mohammed Shah, Zadran Zeni Manda Zadran Zeni Manda Haji Zira Gul, Zadran Zeni Anik Haji Yoor Dood, Zadran Zeni Anik Azim Gul, Zadran Zeni Anik

7 Haji Qasim Gul, Zadran Zeni Anik Juma Noor, Zadran Kholay Anik Sayedagai, Zadran Zeni Manda Mohammed Khan, Haji Satar Gul, Mullah Karim, Komandan Bakhmal Zadran Zeni Koodar Zadran Zeni Khranzi Zadran Zeni Khranzi Zadran Zeni Bakhiki Haji Rahmat Khan Zadran Zeni Bakhiki Mullah Abdul Rashid Haji Mohammed Halim, Haji Shah Minee, Haji Alif Khan, Haji Mir Salaam, Zadran Zeni Bakhiki Zadran Zeni Soway/ Shamshi Zadran Zeni Soway/ Shamshi Moqbil Moqbil Omar Gul, Moqbil Sardar Spowan, Nareza Aruzai Janga

8 Lal Nasir Khan, Nareza Aruzai malavi Pacha Din, malavi Nareza Aruzai Haji Sayed Shah, Dragi Drunami Mamoor, Dragi Khabi Malavi Mira Lam, Ter malavi Rasool Muhammad, Khost Head of a political party Muhammed Hawaz, Khost Head of a political party Khost Head of the political party - Desolar Gulzang, or the Afghanistan Peace Movement, Khost Head of the political party - Hezb-I Muttalaw-e Milli or National Unity Party. Noor Wali Khan Piran-Lahoori (aka Zar Pir), Haji Adam Saz, arbakai Senakai leader, Haji Rahman, Senakai Khona Mider, Senakai Spin Sahib, Senakai Khanif Shah, Piran-Lahoori Din Hassan, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Wali Mad Khan, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Salieem Khan, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Tab, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay

9 Akim Khan, Heserak Drunami Heserak Gaffur Jan, Heserak Drunami Heserak Janit Gul Madoor Heserak Drunami Heserak Delawar Shah Heserak Drunami Heserak Hesarak and representative in the Khost Mujahideen Shura; described as the one person from Hesarak that could represent the people from the area in Khost and Kabul Gulam Ag, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Wali Sardar, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Min Gul, Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Ghaffaur, KPF commander, Rasool Mohammed s son Orjalay Drunami Orjalay Eshmatullah, NSP village representative Banda Khabi Banda Mir Boot, Banda Khabi Banda Banda living in Khost City; reported to have left during Taliban government because of predatory behavior during civil war Haji Rasool Pad Shah, Banda Khabi Banda Banda living in Khost City; reported to have left during Taliban government because of predatory behavior during civil war

10 Janin, Banda Khabi Banda Haji Ali Jan, Banda Khabi Banda Very respected figure in Banda ; principal/head master of the school Banda living in Khost City; reported to have left during Taliban government because of predatory behavior during civil war Hajji Gulam Khan, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Mirajgai, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Nadir Khan, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Gulab Zal, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Hajji Niaz Muhammad, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Mir Zaman Khan, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Al Mar Jan, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Hajji Argul, Chinah Niazi Kuchi Paraz, Chinah Niazi Kuchi

11 Mamoor Ali Jan, late Zambar Zambar Described as the pre-eminent by his tribesmen, not only among the Zambar but among the larger tribe as well. During the Soviet invasion, it was Mamoor Ali Jan who decided the tribe would go into exile in the Kurram Agency in Pakistan. It has been reported that the vast majority of went with him. Hajji Garib Gwal Rugha Noori Kalay Zambar Elder duties selected on a rotating basis based on required conditions Hajji Nur Mahmad Rugha Noori Kalay Zambar Elder duties selected on a rotating basis based on required conditions Hajji Hakim Jan Rugha Noori Kalay Zambar Elder duties selected on a rotating basis based on required conditions Hajji Hanna Rugha Noori Kalay Zambar Elder duties selected on a rotating basis based on required conditions Haji Baran, Zambar (Upper) Noori Kalay Sadam, former arbakai commander Zambar (Upper) Noori Kalay Zambar Zambar Haji Baran s son

12 Haji Mudir, of the lower part of the village (Zardar Kalay) Suraipon Zardar (aka Mejelis) Zardar Brother of the late Badi Zaman and son of the famous late mashar Mamoor Ali Jan. A common refrain is that the people of don t believe in him anymore Tahir Khan, Acting Governor 2009, Deputy Governor A common refrain is that no none believes in Tahir Khan Sgt. Zabat, Suraipon Zardar (aka Zardar Former ANA Mejelis) Karim Khan, Suraipon Zardar (aka Zardar A local teacher Mejelis) Mezarak, Mulli Mulli A common narrative among the Mulli is that they separated from the Haji Sher Zad, Mulli Mut Kalay Mulli A common narrative among the Mulli is that they separated from the Nasir Gul, Mulli Mut Kalay Haji Sayed Rahman, Haji Sayed Rahman, Haji Sher Wali, Mulli Mut Kalay Subzah Kalay Subzah Kalay Mulli Mulli

13 Mullah Shah Mutmad, Khurey Kalay Haji Mah Khan, Tuti Kalay Haji Garib Gul, Yaqubi Ster Kalaly Yaqubi Haji Kada, Yaqubi Delwazi Kalay Yaqubi Haji Gulab Gul, Yaqubi Nergosh Kalay Yaqubi Haji Laiwani, Yaqubi Yaqubi Mullah Ali Jan, Yaqubi Yaqubi Haji Lal Wazir, Yaqubi Laiwan Laiwan /malik Muhammed Hussein, Rugha Bodkhana Bodkhana Nic Moda Khan, Rugha Bodkhana Bodkhana Ulam Karim, ulema in the Provincial Council Haji Eid Khan,

14 Raifullah, former ASG cmdr Ghondai Kalay The commander of the Afghan Security Guards (ASG) operating out of DC is Raifullah. He is from the tribe and Ghondai Kalay in the area in Khost Province. Raifullah s father was a General and Division Commander Muhammed Nawab Khan. He has seven brothers and four sisters. When the mujahideen took power in Afghanistan, he was attending military school. He dropped out of school and became a shopkeeper in Bazaar until the Americans ousted the Taliban Government. He first worked with OGA, then ODA and, for the previous seven months, with the ASG. With OGA, he was working under Commander Sardar in a unit called Solasathzwakona. This might have been an AMF unit. He listed the commanders that he worked under during the time he has worked with the Americans Commanders Jan Baz, Habib Noor, Afzil, Ghaffar Khan (current KPF commander), Wahab Khan, and Khal Baz. He has worked in Khost for the duration of his time working with Americans. Originally, he began working with the Americans because, he reported, everyone loved Karzai at first and he was angry that the Taliban persecuted his father because he was an Army officer. The Taliban government reportedly made many attempts to assassinate his father. At the beginning of Karzai s government, he moved his family to Khost City due to intimidation and assassination attempts against his family members. Khawon, kuchi Shabarat, kuchi Haji Ziarat, kuchi Haji Dawlat Jan, kuchi Muhammed Hussein, kuchi Chergota Chergota Chergota Chergota Chergota

15 De Wali Haji (aka De Wali aka Haji De Wali) Kabal Kalay Among the, a common sentiment was that the generally the only s the people listen to are their fathers, uncles, grandfathers, those that are related to them. This indicates disunity and lack of solidarity. Haji Alim Jan (aka Malik Alim Jan aka Haji Sahib Sakhi). Harun Hajiyan Village (aka Haji Gulam Hussein Village) Harun Haji Gulam Hussein was the name of the biggest Harun in the past. When he was alive, the village was called Haji Gulam Hussein Village. When he passed away, people started referring to the village as Hajiyan Village, but the village is still famous for its historic name. The village is known as Hajiyan Village because nearly every male over thirty has been conducted Hajj.Despite their mixed origins, the people of the Harun tribe were described as united. Each village has their own s and shura, but there is also a Harun tribal shura that meets regularly. The tribal shura was said to have more power and influence over the area than the district Shura. Another indicator of their unity, the Harun has a qawm e taroon (tribal treaty). Dawa Khan, Landar Landar Kadar, Landar Landar Noor Alam Khan Landar Landar His brother is Gul Baram Khan. Kashmir, edler Landar Landar Mujahid Khan, Landar Landar lesser s Asan, lesser s Landar Landar

16 Noor Alam Khan, former lead for Landar Mirwal Khostwa, KPF cdr Landar Landar Up until a few years ago, there was only one Landar : Noor Alam Khan. Noor Alam Khan is still influential, but is no longer the biggest for Landar because he is rarely in the area. He started a fuel distribution and transportation business, and works primarily in Kandahar and Kabul. Bati Tana Khostwal Interviewees said that the people of Landar have a good relationship with this CDR because they have so many people working as campaign with him. They are scared to use Babrak Tana and Dob Gai Tana due to AAF presence near the border-crossings. Mullah Khan, Kadam Kadam Muhammed Rahman Kadam Meleh Kalay Kadam (aka Rahman Khan), Haji Faiz Muhammed, Kadam Jareh Kalay Kadam

17 Zahir, Kadam Kadam There was another strong Malik Nati Khan from the Kadam area that was reportedly killed in the summer of 2008 for being pro- GIRoA. Nati Khan s son was also kidnapped for ransom in One of his sons Zahir is a village, but is not considered as influential as his father. Zahir Shah, religious Kadam Kadam scholar Malawi Abdul Kadam Kadam Bahki, religious scholar Gul Amin, Sadaq Sadaq Sadaq was described as having four s, with two supporting GIRoA, and two supporting the AAF. Mullah Saidullah, Sadaq Sadaq Sadaq was described as having four s, with two supporting GIRoA, and two supporting the AAF. Shamed, Sadaq Sadaq Sadaq was described as having four s, with two supporting GIRoA, and two supporting the AAF.

18 Khost Province Khost Province Khost Province Lewani Kashmir, Muhammad Ayub Hashime, Head of Provincial Ulema Shura Mawlaui Sardar Zadran, Head of Provincial Mujahideen Shura Ghaffar Khan, KPF cdr Sadaq Sadaq Sadaq was described as having four s, with two supporting GIRoA, and two supporting the AAF. Provincial Provincial Provincial To download original Excel file (.xlsx) please click:

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20 Tribal Analysis Center Traditional anthropological research conducted among tribes inhabiting remote areas where insurgents and criminals operate has become increasingly difficult to implement. Studies carried out among people living in small-scale societies now are nearly impossible due to the physical dangers associated with the civil and religious unrest found in those areas. Swat, for example, has become so dangerous that Frederick Barth s studies only could be repeated at the risk of the investigator s life. Similar research is not feasible among Burma s Rohinga tribes located on both sides of the border with Bangladesh, as well as with the Pashtuns in Afghanistan s interior and within Pakistan s Federally Administered Tribal Areas, where even Pakistan s army enters with reluctance. Given the difficulties of conducting direct fieldwork in conflictive areas, the Tribal Analysis Center utilizes an indirect approach. Using multidisciplinary research, we seek to collect and analyze data obtained from a wide variety of sources, both current and historical. In the absence of new ethnographic fieldwork to update our base of knowledge, the Tribal Analysis Center compiles and summarizes existing research and documents on tribal societies, combining this material with contemporary press reports and articles. We assume that much can be gleaned from well-informed observers who are not anthropologists, ranging from journalists and travelers to government officials. Please visit us at: