WM 628: Christian Approaches to Muslims

Transcription

1 WM 628: Christian Approaches to Muslims Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary Fall 2017 Instructor: Paul T. Martindale, D.Min. Wed 2-5 PM 1. Course Description: This course will begin with a historical review of the ways in which Christians have related to Muslims since the inception of Islam. We will then analyze all major contemporary strategies of witness and trends. We will seek to identify the common factors of effective biblical approaches to Muslims and the principles of effective Christian witness in Islamic contexts. The goals of this course are developing the ability to analyze approaches to Muslims and the formulation of effective biblical strategies for communicating the gospel with Muslims. Major topics include contextualization, religious conversion, principles of witness, Islamic theology and culture, apologetics, and criteria for evaluating methods and strategies of approaches to Muslims. 2. Lecture Topics: The Problem of Ignorance. Views of Islam in the Middle Ages. Early Arab Christian Approaches to Islam Early Christian Texts Spanish Christians and Islam Latin Christians and their interactions with Muslims The Two Swords of Christendom. Crusades and Mission Catholic Approaches, 15 th to 18 th centuries Protestant Approaches, 15 th to 18 th centuries Modern Protestant Approaches Criteria for Analysis of Approaches Use of the Qur'an in Christian Witness Polemics/Apologetics: Responding to Muslim Objections Principles of Witness I, Effective Biblical Approaches Principles of Witness II, Rethinking and Restating the Gospel into a Muslim Context Qualities of a Good Messenger Tentmaking, Discipleship, and Church Planting as Strategies of Approach to Muslims Contextualized Christology What Muslim Background Believers tell us about our Approaches 3. Course Objectives: As a result of this course students will: 1. Develop an understanding of the historical context in which Muslims and Christians have been relating over the centuries and how this tends to act as a barrier to witness. 2. Evaluate all the types of approaches that Christians have used with Muslims over the centuries. 3. Analyze contemporary strategies for witness with Muslims and assess whether they are biblical and effective. Evaluate the potential effectiveness of various contextual models of ministry.

2 2 4. Identify the origins and limitations in your own culturally-conditioned worldview and how this might influence the communication of the gospel into a Muslim s frame of references. 5. Learn to creatively interpret the gospel message into the worldview and thought categories of the Muslim and develop biblical strategies for communicating the gospel with Muslims. 6. Develop a set of criteria for evaluating methods of approach. 4. Requirements of Course: a. Research Paper During the first three weeks of the course each student should pick a person, a method, or a paradigm of witness to Muslims as the subject of a research paper. If you choose for instance a person, you will describe the historical context that the person lived in, how this influenced their approach to Muslims and whether they were able to break out of the prevailing views and attitudes. You will also analyze the strengths and weaknesses of their methods and principles of approach. A paper focused upon a particular strategy, method or paradigm should also include the historical and cultural contexts in which this arose and also provide analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of this approach. The paper should be double-spaced using 12 pt. type. It should be 10 to 12 pages in length with a cover sheet listing your name, mail box #, title of course, and title of the paper. Use footnotes to cite sources and include a bibliography listing all sources cited in the paper. Submit a one page outline with a paragraph describing the topic of your research paper to the professor by October 6 th for review. The paper is due on December 8 th. b. Reading of Textbooks and Articles On the last day for written work December 19 th you must submit your reading list documenting all reading that you completed for the course. Required Reading (1,261 Pages) Accad, Fouad Elias Building Bridges, Christianity and Islam. Navpress, Colorado Springs. ISBN Pages Goddard, Hugh A History of Christian-Muslim Relations, New Amsterdam Books, Chicago. ISBN Pages Maurer, Andreas Ask Your Muslim Friend: An Introduction to Islam and a Christian s Guide for Interaction with Muslims, Xulon Press, ISBN Pages McCurry, Don Healing the Broken Family of Abraham: New Life for Muslims. Ministries to Muslims, Colorado Springs, CO. ISBN Pages Muller, Roland The Messenger, The Message, The Community: Three Critical Issues for the Cross-Cultural Church-Planter, CanBooks, ISBN Pages Shipman, Mike Any 3. Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime, WigTake Resources, Monument, CO. ISBN 13: , Pages c. Final Exam The final exam covering the lectures and reading will take place during the final class of the semester on December 13th. The final exam will be comprehensive and may include multiple choice, short answer, and some essay questions. 5. Grading Reading of assigned texts and articles 33% 2

3 3 Research Paper 34% Final Exam 33% The Grading Scale used in this class is as follows: A+, ; A, 96-94; A-, 93-90; B+, 89-87; B, 86-84; B-, 83-80; C+, 79-77; C, 76-74; C-, 73-70; D+, 69-67; D, 66-64; D-, 63-60; F, Bibliography: Abu-Nimer & David Augsburger Peace-Building by, between, and beyond Muslims and Evangelical Christians, Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN Accad, Fouad Elias Building Bridges, Christianity and Islam. Navpress, Colorado Springs. ISBN Anderson, Mark Robert The Qur an in Context. A Christian Exploration, IVP Academic. ISBN Ayoub, Mahmoud & Irfan A. Omar ed A Muslim View of Christianity. Essays on Dialogue by Mahmoud Ayoub, Orbis Books. ISBN Azumah, John My Neighbor s Faith. Islam Explained for Christians, Hippo Books, Zondervan. ISBN Bramsen, P.D One God One Message. Discover the Mystery Take the Journey, Rock International, Greenville, S.C. ISBN Campbell, William The Quran and the Bible in the Light of History and Science, Middle East Resources, Upper Darby, PA. Pages ISBN Caner, Emir Fethi & Ergun Mehmet Caner More than a Prophet, An Insider s Response to Muslim Beliefs about Jesus and Christianity. Kregel Publications. Caner, Ergun Mehmet & Emire Fethi Caner Christian Jihad, Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids. Chapman, Colin Cross and Crescent, Responding to the Challenge of Islam. Inter- Varsity Press, Leicester, England. Christensen, Jens The Practical Approach to Muslims, North Africa Mission, Marseille, France. Cockerill, Gareth Lee A Guidebook for Pilgrims to the Heavenly City, William Carey Library, Pasadena. Elder, John The Biblical Approach to the Muslim. Worldwide Evangelization Crusade, Fort Washington, PA. Fletcher, Richard The Cross and the Crescent. The Dramatic Story of the Earliest Encounters between Christians and Muslims, Penguin Books. ISBN Gaudeul, Jean-Marie Encounters and Clashes. Islam and Christianity in History, Pontificio Istituto di Studi Arabi e Islamici, Rome. Geisler, Norman L and Abdul Saleeb Answering Islam, Baker Books. ISBN Goldsmith, Martin Islam and Christian Witness. Hodder and Stoughton, London, England. Goddard, Hugh A History of Christian-Muslim Relations, New Amsterdam Books, Chicago. ISBN Govan Stewart, I.R The Love that was Stronger. Lilias Trotter of Algiers, Lutterworth Press, London. Greenlee, David H From the Straight Path to the Narrow Way, Authentic Media, 3

4 4 Waynesboro, GA.. ed Longing for Community. Church, Ummah, or Somewhere in Between? William Carey Library ISBN Greeson, Kevin The Camel: How Muslims are Coming to Faith in Christ!, Wigtake Resources, Arkadelphia, AR. Pages and ISBN 13: Haines, John F Good News For Muslims. Middle East Resources, Philadelphia. Jabbour, Nabeel T Unshackled and Growing: Muslims and Christians on the Journey to Freedom, Dawson Media, Colorado Springs. Kateregga, Badru & David Shenk A Muslim and A Christian in Dialogue, Herald Press, Scottsdale, PA. ISBN Krabel, James R., David W. Shenk, & Linford Stutzman Anabaptists Meeting Muslims: A Calling for Presence in the Way of Christ, Herald Press, Scottsdale, PA. Marsh, Charles R Share Your Faith with a Muslim. Moody Press, Chicago Too Hard for God? Echoes of Service, Bath, UK. Mallouhi, Christine A Waging Peace on Islam, Monarch Books, London. Matheny, Tim Reaching The Arabs: A Felt Need Approach. William Carey Library, Pasadena, CA. Maurer, Andreas Ask Your Muslim Friend: An Introduction to Islam and a Christian s Guide for Interaction with Muslims, Xulon Press, ISBN McCurry, Don Healing the Broken Family of Abraham: New Life for Muslims. Ministries to Muslims, Colorado Springs, CO. ISBN McDowell, Bruce A. & Anees Zaka Muslims and Christians at the Table, Promoting Biblical Understanding among North American Muslims. P & R Publishing, Phillipsburg, New Jersey. Miller, Darrow L Emancipating the World. A Christian Response to Radical Islam and Fundamentalist Atheism, YWAM Publishing. ISBN Miller, William M A Christian s Response to Islam. Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Co., New Jersey. Miller, Roland E Muslims and the Gospel, Bridging the Gap. Lutheran University Press, Minneapolis. ISBN Moucarry, Chawkat Faith to Faith: Christianity and Islam in Dialogue, Inter- Varsity Press, Leicester Muller, Roland Honor & Shame, Unlocking the Door. Xlibris Corporation, Pages Tools For Muslim Evangelism, Essence Publishing, Belleville, Ontario The Messenger, The Message, The Community: Three Critical Issues for the Cross-Cultural Church-Planter, CanBooks, ISBN Nazir-Ali, Michael Frontiers in Muslim-Christian Encounter. Regnum Books, Oxford. Nickel, Gordon D Peaceable Witness Among Muslims, Herald Press, Scottsdale, PA. Nobel, Samuel & Alexander Treger eds The Orthodox Church in the Arab World An Anthology of Sources, NIU Press, DeKalb, IL. ISBN Nydell, Margaret K Understanding Arabs, A Guide for Westerners. Intercultural Press, Yarmouth, Maine. Omar, Irfan A. ed A Muslim View of Christianity. Essays on Dialogue by Mahmoud Ayoub, Orbis Books. ISBN

5 5 Parshall, Phil New Paths in Muslim Evangelism. Baker Books, Grand Rapids, Michigan Bridges To Islam. Baker Books, Grand Rapids, Michigan Beyond the Mosque. Baker Books, Grand Rapids, Michigan Inside the Community: Understanding Muslims through their Traditions. Baker Books, Grand Rapids, Michigan The Cross and The Crescent, Understanding the Muslim Heart and Mind. Gabriel Publishing, Waynesboro, Georgia Understanding Muslim Teachings and Traditions: A Guide for Christians. Baker Books, Grand Rapids, MI Muslim Evangelism, Contemporary Approaches to Contextualization. Gabriel Publishing, Waynesboro, Georgia. ISBN Pages Parsons, Martin Unveiling God. Contextualizing Christology for Islamic Culture. William Carey Library, Pasadena, CA. Patai, Raphael The Arab Mind. Scribners, New York, N.Y. Pfander, Carl Gotlieb The Mizan Ul Haqq, The Balance of Truth. Religious Tract Society, ed. W. St Clair Tisdall, London. Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue Guidelines for Dialogue between Christians and Muslims, Paulist Press, NY/Mahwah, NJ. ISBN Power, Bernie Engaging Islamic Traditions. Using the Hadith in Christian Ministry to Muslims, William Carey Library. ISBN Challenging Islamic Traditions. Searching Questions about the Hadith from a Christian Perspective, William Carey Library. ISBN Reisacher, Evelyne A. ed Toward Respectful Understanding & Witness Among Muslims. Essays in Honor of J. Dudley Woodberry, William Carey Library. ISBN Joyful Witness in the Muslim World, Sharing the Gospel in Everyday Encounters, Baker Academic. ISBN ed Dynamics of Muslim Worlds. Regional, Theological, and Missiological Perspectives, IVP Academic. ISBN Register, Ray Dialogue and Interfaith Witness with Muslims. Moody Books Inc., Kingsport, TN. Riddell, Peter and Peter Cotterell Islam in Context. Baker Academic, Grand Rapids. Rhodes, Ron Reasoning from the Scriptures with Muslims, Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, OR. ISBN Saal, William J Reaching Muslims for Christ, Moody Press, Chicago. Schlorff, Sam Missiological Models in Ministry to Muslims, Middle East Resources, Upper Darby, PA. Pages Shenk, David W Journeys of the Muslim Nation and the Christian Church, Herald Press, Scottsdale, PA. Shenk, David W. and Ervin R. Stuzman Creating Communities of the Kingdom, New Testament Models of Church Planting. Herald Press, Scottdale, PA. Shipman, Mike Any 3. Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime, WigTake Resources, Monument, CO. ISBN 13: Sinclair, Daniel A Vision of the Possible: Pioneer Church Planting in Teams, Authentic Media, Waynesboro, GA. 5

6 6 Strong, Cynthia A. and Meg Pages, eds A Worldview Approach to Ministry Among Muslim Women. William Carey Library, Pasadena, CA. Tennent, Timothy C Christianity at the Religious Roundtable. Evangelicalism in Conversation with Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. Baker Academic, Grand Rapids, Michigan. Tieszen, Charles A Textual History of Christian-Muslim Relations, Seventh-Fifteenth Centuries, Fortress Press, MN. ISBN Tisdall, W. St Claire Christian Reply to Muslim Objections, Light of Life, Villach, Austria. Van Gorder, A. Christian No God But God: A Path to Muslim-Christian Dialogue on God s Nature, Orbis Books, Maryknoll. Vander Werff, Lyle Christian Mission to Muslims. William Carey Library, Pasadena. Woodberry, J. Dudley, ed Christians and Muslims on the Emmaus Road. MARC, Monrovia, CA., ed From Seed to Fruit: Global Trends, Fruitful Practices, and Emerging Issues among Muslims, William Carey Library, Pasadena., & Robin Basselin eds Resources for Peacemaking in Muslim- Christian Relations. Contributions from the Conflict Transformation Project, Fuller Seminary Press. ISBN Recommended Articles: Accad, Fouad Elias. Building Bridges: Christianity and Islam. Missiology 4(3): Anderson, John D.C. The Missionary Approach to Islam: Christian or Cultic. Missiology 4(3): Bevans, Stephen, "Models of Contextual Theology". Missiology: An International Review, vol. XIII, No.2 (April 1985), pp Blair, C.F., "Tentmaking: A Contextualized Approach to Islam". Missiology: An International Review, vol. XI, No.2 (April 1983), pp "The Muslim Convert and His Culture" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry (ed.). MARC: Monrovia, California, 1979, pp Brislen, Mike. A Model for a Muslim-Culture Church. Missiology 24 (3): Goldsmith, Martin.Community and Controversy: Key Causes of Muslim Resistance. Missiology 4 (3): Hoffman, Valerie, "The Christian Approach to the Muslim Women and Family" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry, (ed.). MARC: Monrovia, California, 1979, pp

7 7 Johnson, Todd and David Scoggins Christian Missions and Islamic Da wah: A Preliminary Quantitative Assessment. IBMR, Vol 29, No. 1: 10. Kerr, David A Christian Mission and Islamic Studies: Beyond Antithesis. IBMR, Vol 26, No.1. Ismail, Zafar, "The Muslim Convert and the Church", International Review of Mission, vol. LXXII, No.285 (January 1983), pp LCWE, Ministry in Islamic Contexts. Lausanne Occasional Paper No. 28. Cyprus. Kraft, Charles H., Christianity in Culture: Study in Biblical Theologizing in Cross-Cultural Perspective. Orbis Books: Mary Knoll, New York, "The Contextualization of Theology". EMQ, 14, (1978), pp "Dynamic Equivalence Churches: An Ethnotheological Approach to Indi- geneity", Missiology: An International Review, vol. I, No.l (January 1973).. "Dynamic Equivalence Churches in Muslim Society" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry (ed.). MARC: Monrovia, California, 1979, pp Larson, Donald N., "The Cross-Cultural Communication of the Gospel to Muslims" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry (ed.), MARC: Monrovia, California, 1979, pp Massih, Bashir Abdol, "The Incarnational Witness to the Muslim Heart" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry (ed.). McCurry, Don M Cross-Cultural Models for Muslim Evangelism. Missiology 4 (July 1976) : McClenahan, Robert S., "The Moslem's Mosque' and the Christian's Church", The Moslem World, vol. XXXII (1942), pp McCurry, Don M., "Cross-Cultural Models for Muslim Evangelism", Missiology: An International Review, vo1.iv, No-3 (july 1976), pp Parshall, Phil Bridges to Islam. Baker Book House: Grand Rapids, Michigan.. "Contextualized Baptism for Muslim Converts", Missiology: An International Review, vo. VII, No.4 (October 1979), pp New Paths in Muslim Evangelism. Baker Book House: Grand Rapids, Michigan, Schlorff, Samuel P Muslim Ideology and Christian Apologetics. Missiology 21 (2) : The Catholic Program for Dialogue with Islam: An Evangelical Evaluation with Special Reference to Contextualization. Missiology 21 (2): Theological and Apologetical Dimensions of Muslim Evangelism. Westminster Theological Journal, 42 (2): The Translational Model for Mission in Resistant Muslim Society: A Critique and an Alternative. Missiology 28 (3): The Missionary Use of the Qur an. Th.M thesis, Westminster Theological 7

8 8 Seminary, Philadelphia, PA. Schreiter, Robert J., "Culture, Society and Contextual Theologies", Missiology: An International Review, vol. XII, No. 3 (July 1984), pp Taber, C.R., "Contextualization: Indigenization and/or Transformation" in The Gospel and Islam: A 1978 Compendium, Don M. McCurry (ed.), MARC: Monrovia, California, 1979, pp "The Limits of Indigenization in Theology," Missiology: An International Review, vol. VI, No. 1 (January 1978), pp Whiteman, Darrell L., "Effective Communication of the Gospel amid Cultural Diversity" Missiology: An International Review, vol. XII, No.3 (July 1984), pp