AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROVISION OF ISLAM IN CHILDREN EDUCATION

Transcription

1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE AN OVERVIEW OF THE PROVISION OF ISLAM IN CHILDREN EDUCATION Adamu Zakiyu Ubale 1, Abdul Hakim Abdullah 2, Tahir Abdurrahman 3 1 Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia 2 Research Institute of Islamic Products and Civilization/Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia 3 Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia Abstract Background: Islamic education is clearly aimed at the total development of man physically, mentally, spiritually, intellectually and economically. Objectives: This study aimed to overview a provision of Islam in children education. It focused to identify how Islam cares about the children development as well as types of training responsibilities that Islam gave to parents to their children. Conversely, the study also aimed to highlight the measures that Islam took to prevent children s naughtiness. Methods: The study is descriptive in nature, employing Content analysis of the prime resources of Islamic jurisprudence: The Quran and Hadith (tradition of the Prophet Muhammad Pbh) were used as primary sources to carry out the study. Results: Research findings indicate that the provision of Islam in children education was aimed to develop them comprehensively involving all fundamental aspects of human being. This kind of training will ensure the success of the parents in developing their children with holistic and balanced manner. It also revealed that parents are the root element of their children s education. Conclusion: The research has an implication in the sense that it should be the parents ladder in training their children base on the provision of Islam. In addition, the significant role that Islam played in educating the children should be the root of concern for all stakeholders in the community. Keywords: Islamic education, parents, parental responsibility, parental involvement, children naughtiness 1. Introduction The Arabic word 'Islam' simply means 'submission', and derives from a word meaning 'peace'. Islam means believe with heart and give obedience by deed as well as surrender to Allah subhanahu wa ta ala (SWT) in anything that has been determined either good or bad things [1]. Islam was defined by the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon Him (Pbuh) in a Hadith reported by Umar ibn al-khattab: One day when we were sitting [in Medina] with the Messenger of God [the Prophet Muhammad] there came unto us a man whose clothes were of exceeding the whiteness and whose hair was of exceeding blackness, nor were there any signs of travel upon him, although none of us knew him. He sat down knee upon knee opposite the Prophet, upon whose thighs he placed the palms of his hands, saying: O Muhammad, tell me what the Islam is. The Messenger of God answered him saying: Islam is to testify that there is no God but Allah and that Muhammad is God s Messenger, to perform the prayer, bestow the alms, fast Ramadan and make if you can, the pilgrimage to the Holy House. He said: You have spoken truly, and we were amazed that having questioned him he should corroborate him [2]. Islam is a religion revealed by Allah to his Messenger (Pbuh). Islam is the religion that attaches human beings to his Creator and hence to salvation, paradise, felicity and deliverance. A profound thoughtful of what people all about in their comprehensive nature and what faith as such is and purposes to do, shows unquestionably that Islam is an internallyfaultless and perfectly humble divine roadmap to show people the straight path to the real success. When human beings know themselves, they know what the religion of Islam is. When human beings understand themselves, they understand why the religion of Islam is. Allah subhanahu wa ta ala (SWT) said in the Quran: "Do they seek for other than the religion of Allah? While all creatures in the heavens and on earth have, willingly or unwillingly, bowed to His will (accepted Islam). And to Him shall they all be brought back" [3]. All articles published in The American Journal of Innovative Research and Applied Sciences are the property of Atlantic Center for Research Sciences, and is protected by copyright laws. See: Copyright 2014, Atlantic Center for Research Sciences. All Rights Reserved 137

2 By realizing what Islam is all about and its profound understanding of human beings, it is therefore, a very vital to state its provision regarding children education. Even though some people especially parents do not emphasize the roadmap laid by Islam, and many are ignored the importance of children education. Most of the parents lack the positive attitude regarding Islamic upbringing of their children [4]. This destructively touches the children in such a way that they do not have attention as well as interest in practicing the Islamic customs and ethics. The lack of applying the Islamic teachings regarding the children education resulted in a sense of immorality among the children that eventually affect the children, parents and community in general. Efforts have to be made by parents and educators as well as community to improve the use of this preferable roadmap of Islam. 2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES 1. To identify how Islam cares about the children development as well as types of training responsibilities that Islam gave to parents to their children. 2. To highlight the measures that Islam took to prevent children s naughtiness. 3. METHODOLOGY The study is descriptive in nature, employing Content analysis of the prime resources of Islamic jurisprudence: The Quran and Hadith (tradition of the Prophet Muhammad Pbh) were used as primary sources to carry out the study. 4. ISLAMIC EDUCATION Islamic education is an instruction aimed to train the emotional response of pupils in such a way that in their attitude to life, their activities and decision. It also provides an approach to all knowledge based on the provision of Islam [5]. It entails the knowing of Allah as the unique Lord of human and the world, and selecting Him as one s own Lord as well as undertaking his guidance, regulation and finally avoids those of others. Education in Islam is not just obtaining rational knowledge but it is a mean of moulding the nature and character of an individual so that they can collectively represent Islamic values, behave as khalīfatullāh fī al-ard (vicegerent of Allah on earth) [6]. It is clearly aimed at the total development of man physically, mentally, spiritually, intellectually and so forth. Islamic education provides strategic process to help man to understand the sole purpose of his life in this world and enable him to develop a sound faith and establish corresponding good deeds such that will make his life successful both here and hereafter. It also aims at raising the status of man from the level of crude animalism to that of an honorable human being and it seeks to promote mankind to even a much higher status socially and spiritually. Islamic education includes the facilitation of total submission of the individual and the society to the Islamic jurisprudence (shariah). This education governs the entire universe and makes a human being realize his relationship with Allah, his Creator. It also makes one to correctly understand the relationship existing between him and the other creatures around him. However, it also inculcates moral values relevant to both personal and social behaviors [7]. From the above, one can understand that Islamic education totally differ from other categories of education, just because of its all-encompassing influence of the Qur an. The Qur an serves as the comprehensive blueprints for all mankind and as the fundamental root of any knowledge and theory. In Islam, parents are the responsible for almost their children education because they are the first and primary school of children. The parents must play a vital role in acquiring Islamic education to their children. Islam required parent to care positively about their children. Allah (SWT) said in the Quran: O ye who believe! save yourselves and your families from a hellfire [8]. Moreover, those who believe will say the losers verily are they who lose themselves and their family on the day of resurrection [9]. In addition to this, in the Hadith, the Prophet (Pbuh) said: All of you are guardians and are responsible for your wards. The ruler is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; the man is a guardian and responsible for his family; the woman is a guardian and is responsible for her husband s house and his offspring; and so all of you are guardians and are responsible for your wards [10]. Leaders and other personalities act the same role in their responsibilities. Among the important responsibilities for a leader is to obey the law and the administration of justice in his confined boundary. The man s responsibility for his family is to care them adequately and get them their rights, whereas, the woman s responsibility basically is to manage the house, children and advice to the husband. However, Islam does not prevent woman to work outside the house but with permission from the husband. Therefore, children are considered as trust given to the parent. If the parents fulfill the 138

3 responsibility given to them, this will surely strengthen the family institution and consequently realize a prosperous nation. Family is the basic building block of any society. 5. PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THEIR CHILDREN EDUCATION In Islam, parents have to educate and train the children through Islamic approach. It is the responsibility of the parents to make sure that they fulfill it. It will be synthesized in the form of steps right from pre-marriage, conception, delivery up to the postnatal life of the child. This overview will indicate how Islam cares about the children development which if been implemented by a person as well as parents adequately, it will help them to have a child well oriented and morally sound. The steps are: 5.1 election and Choice of Marriage Partner Islam gives guidelines in which if been adequately followed, it will make the marriage to be successful and flourish, and the family also will be faithful, moral, and secure. It is in this step, man or woman start to educate and train the child. As such the Prophet (Pbuh) guided people to look for religious partner. Hadith was narrated by Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (pbuh) said: A woman is married for four things, her wealth, her family status, her beauty and her religion. So you should marry the religious woman (otherwise) you will be a losers [11]. The parent also commanded to look for their daughter a religious person as well as manners suitor. It is narrated that the Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) said: If there comes to you one with whose character and religious commitment you are pleased, then marry (your daughter or female relative under your care) to him, for if you do not do that there will be fitnah (dissension) in the land and widespread corruption [12]. Furthermore, if a person wants to get marriage, he is commanded to choose from religious and righteous family so as to have a good mother for his children. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: Choose the best for your sperm, and marry compatible women and propose marriage to them [13]. 5.2 Low Rates of Dowry After choosing a suitable partner, the following is marriage. It is required to a little dowry in the wedding. Dowry (almahr) in Islamic law refers to a gift that must be given by the husband to the wife at the time of wedding. It s a payment in which husband presents to his wife either in the form of money or property. She is given in order to please her and make her appreciate the marriage as well as enjoying the new life he is going to start. Allah (SWT) said in the Quran: And give the women [upon marriage] their [bridal] gifts graciously. But if they give up willingly to you anything of it, then take it in satisfaction and ease [14]. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: The best woman is the one whose dowry is the easiest to pay [15]. From this description, it was discovered that simplifying the dowry make marriage be blessed. Conversely, if there is sanctification in marriage, there will be an obedient child who is morally sound. 5.3 Pray (Du a) Before Sexual Intercourse Hadith narrated by Ibn Abbas (RA), the Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) said: If anyone amongst you intends to go to his wife he should say: [In the name of Allah, 0 Allah protect us against Satan and keep away the Satan from the one that you have bestowed upon us], and if He has ordained a male child for them, Satan will never be able to do any harm to him [16]. It is well-known that Satan and heart are the sources of every act as well as immorality and social disorder of children. If a child has being protected from Satan, he will behave in a good way. 5.4 Feeding Her with Halal Food Islam encourages people to eat from halal (foods that are permissible for Muslims to eat or drink under Islamic law) and warn them not to eat from Haram (forbidden). Allah (swt) said: 139

4 O ye people! Eat of what is on earth, lawful and good; and do not follow the footsteps of the evil one, for he is to you an avowed enemy [17]. Abu Hurairah (ra) reported Allah's Messenger (Pbuh) as saying: 0 people, Allah is Good and He therefore, accepts only that which is good. And Allah commanded the believers as He commanded the Messengers by saying: O Messengers, eat of the good things, and do good deeds; verily I am aware of what you do [18]. And He said: 0 those who believe, eat of the good things that we gave you [19] He then made a mention of a person who travels widely, his hair dishevelled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky (and thus makes the supplication): O Lord,0 Lord," whereas his diet is unlawful, his drink is unlawful, and his clothes are unlawful and his nourishment is unlawful. How can then his supplication be accepted? [20]. The verse and Hadith above clearly indicates that feeding family with the forbidden foods will negatively affect children life. 5.5 Immediate Pray (Adhan) to Baby After Delivery It s recommended in Islam to recite the adhan (It is the Islamic call to worship and made to announce the prayer time has come in and to call people to pray) at the right ear and iqamah (It is the second call to Islamic prayer, given immediately before the prayer begins) at the left ear of newborn after his birth immediately. This is to seek blessing from Allah (SWT) to the child and hope he or she will grow-up on the path of Islam. Abu Rafi said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh) uttering the call to prayer (adhan) in the ear of al-hasan ibn Ali when Fatimah gave birth to him [21]. 5.6 Tahnik Tahnik is another function recommending the parents to do for their new baby. It is an Islamic ceremony of touching the lips of a newborn baby with honey, sweet juice or pressed dates. Usually, it is the act of chewing a date and then rubbing it to the new born mouth by putting a little of the chewed date on the fingertip and follow by inserting it into the baby s mouth and then move it gently to right and left until the whole mouth is rubbed with the chewed date. If the date is not available, any sweet food can be used. The wisdom behind this may be it will strengthen the mouth muscle and preparing him/ her for sucking his mother s breast during nursing. It can be done by a righteous person [22]. Abu Musa (ra) said: A son was born to me and I took him to the Prophet (Pbuh) who named him Ibrahim, did tahnik for him with a date, invoked Allah to bless him and returned him to me. (The narrator added: That was Abu Musa's eldest son [23]. 5.7 Naming the Baby Parent preferably required giving a good name to their baby just because the name has effects in the future on child either positively or negatively depending on the name. The Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) said: On the Day of Resurrection you will be called by your names and by your father's names, so give yourselves good names [24]. Zainab daughter of Abu Salamah asked him: Which name did you give to your daughter? He replied: Barrah. She said: The Messenger of Allah (Pbuh) forbade giving this name. I was called Barrah but the Prophet (Pbuh) said: Do not declare yourselves pure, for Allah knows best those of you who are obedient. He said: we asked; which name should we give her? He replied: Call her Zainab [25]. Name yourselves by the names of the Prophets. The names dearest to Allah are Abdullah and Abdul Rahman, the truest are Harith and Hammam, and the worst are Harb and Murrah [26]. 5.8 Aqiqah Aqiqah is the Islamic tradition of the sacrifice of an animal on the occasion of a child's birth. The performance of aqiqah is highly encouraged and considered as one of the valued and much loved practices performed by the Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh). It is to be performed by the parents or the guardians of the child who afforded to do it. The best time to perform aqiqah is on the seventh day after the birth of the baby. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: 140

5 Aqiqah is to be offer for a newly born baby, so slaughter (an animal) for him and relieve him harm [27]. 5.9 Responsibility of Parent from the Early Year of Child Up to the Maturity From Islamic point of view, children are a trust given to the parent. Allah (SWT) said: O ye who believe! save yourselves and your families from hellfire whose fuel is men and stones, over which are (appointed) angels stern (and) severe, who flinch not (from executing) the commands they receive from Allah, but do (precisely) what they are commanded [28]. Abu Sulayman Malik ibn Huwayrith said: We went to the Prophet (Pbuh) and we were all young men and stayed with him for about twenty nights. The Prophet (Pbuh) was very merciful. He said, "When you return home, impart religious teachings to your families and tell them to offer perfectly such and such a prayer at such and such a time and such and such a prayer at such and such a time. And at the time of the prayer one of you should pronounce the adhan and the oldest of you should lead the prayer [29]. In the above Hadith, the Prophet (pbuh) ordered them to go back and take care of their family through educating and instructing them to the right path. The most important responsibility that the parents have to make sure that they fulfill right from the early years of the child until they become matured are; Parental Responsibility for Faith Education This is to teach a child Islamic principles and values according to the provision of the Quran and the Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (Pbuh). This is through commanding him/her to utter the word of tauhid (la ilaha illa Allah), introducing to him/her what is lawful and unlawful, commanding him/her to pray at the age of seven years old, and teaching him to love Allah s Messenger and his family as well as reciting the Holy Quran Responsibility for Ethical Education This involves education of ethical values and beliefs of religion Islam. Islamic law gives a special concern about this. The parent must grow their children properly and teach them to become truthful, upright, honest, and unselfish. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: There is no gift that a father gives his son more virtuous than good manners [30] Responsibility for Physical Education This is the responsibility of both parent and teachers to bring up the children healthy and bodily sound. Islam encourages parent to educate their children a swim, archery, and horse riding. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: Educate your children with swimming, archery and horse riding [31]. A strong believer is better and is more lovable to Allah than a weak believer, and there is good in everyone, (but) cherish that which gives you benefit (in the Hereafter) and seek help from Allah and do not lose heart, and if anything (in the form of trouble) comes to you, don't say: If I had not done that, it would not have happened so and so, but say: Allah did that what He had ordained to do and your if opens the (gate) for the Satan. [32] Responsibility for Intellectual Education This involves education of mental upbringing according to the provision of the Quran and Hadith attached with modern scientific education. This includes education, intellectual enlightenment and mental health. Allah (SWT) said in the Quran: Say: "Are those equal, those who know and those who do not know? It is those who are endued with understanding that receive admonition. [33] And so amongst men and crawling creatures and cattle, are they of various colours. Those truly fear Allah, among His servants, who have knowledge: for Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving [34]. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: Searching for knowledge is obligatory action of every Muslim. [35] 141

6 Whoever takes a path upon which to obtain knowledge, Allah makes the path to paradise easy for him. [36] The ulul-albab (men of wisdom) approach may be a good effort for the parents in building intellectual capacity and development among their children. According to Rohaizan Baru et. Al, [37] the approach emphasizes on producing Muslim intellects that have characteristics of being Qur anic, encyclopedic, and ijtihadic. The Qur anic element involves the ability to memorise, read, understand, and practice the Qur an. The encyclopedic involves the ability to command multi-discipline knowledge as well as be multilingual, and the ijtihadic element involves the ability to give opinions and solve problems related to the Muslim ummah besides being creative and innovative Responsibility for Psychological Education This is to train children from the early years of life up to the maturity base on the Islamic ideas and institution. This will eventually help the child to balance his personality. Parent and teachers should try to free the children s behavior from the following phenomena; shyness, fear, inferiority complex, envy, and greediness. Islam has provided ways that can be free all these phenomena from children s minds. Shyness as example; shyness is the part of the nature of every child that mostly starts from the first four months. When the child completed one year it becomes an evident to him by turning his face, closing his eyes, as well as covering his face with hands. And when he is three years old start to feel shy especially when he gets to a strange place. Inheritance significantly plays a role in the child shyness [38]. The solution of this is to encourage them to intermingle with people and making friendship with them and kindly asking them to speak with others. Abdullah ibn Umar narrated that the Prophet (Pbuh) said: While we were sitting with the Prophet, fresh dates were brought to him. The Prophet (Pbuh) said, There is a tree among the trees which is as blessed as a Muslim I thought that it was the date palm tree and intended to say, It is the date-palm tree, O Allah's Messenger (Pbuh)! but I looked behind to see that I was the tenth and youngest of ten men present there, so I kept quiet' Then the Prophet (Pbuh) said, It is the datepalm tree [39]. In this Hadith, we can understand how shyness is and how his father encourages him to talk in order to avoid such kind of phenomena Responsibility for Social Education This is to train a child base on good social morals and noble psychological principles accordingly with the provision of Islam. This is the most important responsibility of training a child because it helps him to get good breeding, sound behavior, and politeness. Allah (SWT) said in the Quran: "Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour, fear Allah, for Allah is strict in punishment [40]. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: Show leniency (to the people), don't be hard upon them; give them glad tidings (of divine favours in this world and the Hereafter) and do not create aversion. Work in collaboration and don't be divided [41]. A Muslim is the brother of a fellow-muslim. He should neither commit oppression upon him nor ruin him, and he who meets the need of a brother, Allah would meet big needs, and he who relieved a Muslim from hardship Allah would relieve him from the hardships to which he would be put on the Day of Resurrection, and he who did not expose [the follies of a Muslim] Allah would conceal his follies on the Day of Resurrection [42] Responsibility for Sexual Education This is to teach a child and enlighten him on a difference between male and female and from the time he reaches puberty be frank with him, so that when he reaches adulthood and become responsible person he will understand the lawful and lawful and never be driven by desire or debauchery. The plan of enlightenment shall be base on the following stages; a years old. That is the age of recognition, in this stage child should be taught the rules of permission to enter and to look at woman. b years old. That is the age of adolescence, in this stage he should be kept away from all forms of sexual arouse. 142

7 c years old. That is the age of puberty, in this stage the child should be taught the manners of sexual intercourse if he is ready to get marriage. d. 16-above. Post of puberty, which is the age of youth, in this stage he should be taught to be chaste if he is not able to get marriage [43] Responsibility for Worship Orientation When the child reach 7 years old, he should be ordered to observe prayer, it helps to prevent him from evil acts, Allah said in the Quran: Recite what is sent of the Book by inspiration to thee, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer restrains from shameful and unjust deeds; and remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in life) without doubt. And Allah knows the (deeds) that ye do [44]. In a Hadith narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al- As (ra), the Prophet (Pbuh) said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and beat them for it (prayer) when they become ten years old; and arrange their beds (to sleep) separately [45]. It is good for parents also always to take their children to mosque and Islamic teaching centers in order to help them familiar about the places as well as putting the love of worship in their minds Responsibility for Marrying Them One of the parent s responsibilities is to marry up their child when he reached. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: 0 young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes (from casting evil glances) and preserves one from immorality; but he who cannot afford It should observe fast for it is a means of controlling the sexual desire [46]. From the above, it will become obviously that Islam comprehensively give a unique style on child education right from pre-natal, conception up to post-natal stage as well as his adulthood. Islam gives a good manner to rear child physically, mentally, psychologically, socially and morally. That will consequently make the child be among the dwellers of Paradise. 6. SOME REASONS AND TREATMENTS OF CHILDREN S NAUGHTINESS Several factors cause the children waywardness as well as committing crime and spoil of manners. Islam gives ways to prevent it so as to protect children from going astray and facing of misery. The followings are some of the causes and preferable treatments as follows: 6.1 Poverty That Overwhelms Some Homes This lead to the lack of sufficient food, clothing, deprivation and so on, which may lead children to leave their house looking for survival and consequently may fall in the evil hands and finally make him to attack the society in order to take a revenge of what was done to him [47]. Islam gives a way to eradicate poverty so as to put an end to it, giving everyone s right; this is through zakat (a form of obligatory alms giving and the collected amount is paid to the certain needed groups), waqf (an inalienable religious endowment) sadaqah (voluntary charity) and so on. 6.2 Life Disorder between Parents Conflict and discord that regularly existed between parents lead to the unlike conduct from children. If a child often sees clashes between his parent it will make him to always live outside the house with friends where he will waste most of his time there with them and consequently they will change him to behave either positively if they are good or negatively if they are bad [48]. To prevent this, Islam lay down the responsibility on each couple and made it mandatory to fulfill. 6.3 Mistreatment of Parents Towards Children If a child mistreated by his parents and may be by his teachers also will be evident in his behavior as well as his manners and consequently lead him to treat innocents people in the same way he has been treated, thinking that all the people are equal. Islam orders parents and teachers to treat children accordingly in the right way. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: Richness does not lie in the abundance of (worldly) goods but richness is the richness of the soul (heart, self) [49]. 143

8 He who is not merciful to others, will not be treated mercifully [50]. 6.4 Watching Pornography and Violent Films This is one of the great factors that have a negative influence on children, just because in the future life he may try to imitate it and apply it among his friends or in the society in general. So the only solution is that parent should keep their eyes on almost their gesture and movement, Allah said in the Quran: Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: And Allah is well acquainted with all that they do. And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they should draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers, their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers or their brothers' sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, or the slaves whom their right hands possess, or male servants free of physical needs, or small children who have no sense of the shame of sex; and that they should not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments. And O ye Believers! turn ye all together towards Allah, that ye may attain Bliss [51]. Indeed, the believers must (eventually) win through; those who humble themselves in their prayers; who avoid vain talk; who are active in deeds of charity; who abstain from sex, except with those joined to them in the marriage bond, or (the captives) whom their right hands possess, for (in their case) they are free from blame, but those whose desires exceed those limits are transgressors; those who faithfully observe their trusts and their covenants; and who (strictly) guard their prayers; these will be the heirs,who will inherit Paradise: they will dwell therein (for ever) [52]. 6.5 Parent Forsaking Their Responsibility from Children This is another factor also that has a great impact on children negatively. If the parents neglect and abandon their responsibility that they had on them will lead their children to go out fighting for their survival and eventually the children will not fully respect the parents. That is why Islam warns parents not to become negligent. The Prophet (Pbuh) said: All of you are guardians and are responsible for your wards. The ruler is a guardian and responsible for his subjects; the man is a guardian and responsible for his family; the woman is a guardian and is responsible for her husband s house and his offspring; and so all of you are guardians and are responsible for your wards [53]. From the above, one can understand that Islam has preferably give cure already in order to prevent people and parents in particular from falling into such diseases, which if occurred it can lead children to militate against society so as to take a revenge of what has been negatively done to them. As a result of this, Islam always reminds parents to take good care about their children. Islam put their responsibility on them and warn them not to become negligent about it, so as to protect themselves and their family from hellfire as well as society in general. 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION From the above discussion, one will realize that Islam was fundamentally built geared towards the total development of children particularly and of people generally in whole the aspects of their life. However, it will become obviously that Islamic education is the best among the others because it focused to help man understand the root objective of his life on earth so as to make him survived here (the world) and hereafter (the day of judgment). Islam gives parents the responsibility of most of their children education and makes it mandatory on them. However, this review highlighted how Islam preferably care about the children development in a unique way starting from best selection of their mothers then low dowry, Islamic preferable supplication before sexual intercourse, feeding her with halal foods, immediate preferable supplication to baby after delivery, tahnik, naming the baby, aqiqah and lastly different types of parental responsibilities concerning the aspects of their life from their early level of life up to the maturity level. Regarding the types of education which is our second objective of this study Islam ordered parents to make sure they enriched them with the following education; responsibility for faith education, responsibility for ethical education, responsibility for physical education, responsibility for mental education, responsibility for psychological education, responsibility for social education, responsibility for sexual education and responsibility for worship orientation. These strategies if been followed adequately will make children behave willingly in a right way. Finally, it was stated some causes of children naughtiness that are our third objective of this study, where have been highlighted the preferable solution for that from the Islamic perspective. The research has an implication in the sense that it should be 144

9 the parents ladder in training their children. Moreover, the significant role that Islam played in training the children should be the root of concern to all stakeholders in the community. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The research was sponsored by Kano state government under the leadership of His Excellency, the visionary governor Dr. Rabiu Musa kwankwaso who is through his effort and tirelessly commitment to transform education in Kano state the research become completed. I will also commend the effort of Associate Professor Dr. Abdul Hakim Abdullah who has fatherly supervised the review right from the beginning up to the end. 8-REFERENCES [1] Al-Asfahani, Raghib Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-qu ran. Beirut: Dar al-ma rifah. [2] Muslim, ibn Hajjaj al-qushayri Sahih Muslim. Hadith No 8. Beirut: Dar al-kutub al- ilmiyyah. [3] Qur an. A li-imran: 83. [4] Siti Rashida Abd. Razak The challenges faced by Islamic education teacher in the development of students character. Unpublished master thesis. 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10 Cite this article: Adamu Zakiyu Ubale, Abdul Hakim Abdullah, Tahir Abdurrahman. An Overview of the Provision of Islam in Children Education. The American Journal of Innovative Research and Applied Sciences.2015; 1(4): This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: 146