Luke 1:46 56: The Magnificat

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1 Luke1:46 56:TheMagnificat MysoulmagnifiestheLord,andmyspiritrejoicesinGodmySavior,for hehaslookedwithfavoronthelowlinessofhisservant.surely,fromnow onallgenerationswillcallmeblessed;forthemightyonehasdonegreat thingsforme,andholyishisname.hismercyisforthosewhofearhim fromgenerationtogeneration.hehasshownstrengthwithhisarm;he hasscatteredtheproudinthethoughtsoftheirhearts.hehasbrought downthepowerfulfromtheirthrones,andliftedupthelowly;hehas filledthehungrywithgoodthings,andsenttherichawayempty.hehas helpedhisservantisrael,inremembranceofhismercy,accordingtothe promisehemadetoourancestors,toabrahamandtohisdescendants forever. InNovember2008,Rev.PaulHuggerreadTheMagnificatasaninvocationto a WhatEveryChurchMemberShouldKnowAboutPoverty workshopledby AnnetteSnider.Paulisthehospitalchaplainandself described community pastor. Hecontextualizedthereadingbysaying, Mary ssongisaboutjustice,and Ican tthinkofamoreappropriatescripturetoreadasweprepareforadventand totalkaboutissuesofthepoor,poverty,andjusticetoday. 1 Rauschenbuschclaims thatakingdecreedthemagnificatbeonlyreadinlatinbecauseitwasso revolutionary, 2 butmary ssongmadelittlesensetome,eveninenglish,untilthat day.iequatedthemagnificatwiththerosaryand TheHailMary assomething onlycatholicssaid,did,ortookseriously.thewordshadbeenemptyuntilthat moment.now,icannotthinkofthosewords fillsthehungrywithgoodthings withoutthinkingofpaulandannette,andwhatthechurchneedstodotofulfillthe promiseofmary.thetext sauthorship,thesetting,andthecontentallexpress 1 AnnetteSnider, WhatEveryChurchMemberShouldKnowAboutPoverty. Wilkesboro,NC,22November Rauschenbusch,p.68.

2 Luke smessageofsolidaritywiththepoorisaprimarycharacteristicofjesus disciples. ItishighlyunlikelythatMarypennedsucheloquentpoetryjustmonthsafter receivingwordthatshewasgoingtogivebirthtothemessiah.scholarsbelieve thatneitherlukenormarywrotethemagnificat. 3 Onecannotdenythesimilarities themagnificathastohannah ssongin1samuel2:1 10, 4 butsisternancysell,a Catholictheologian,goesontosaythatagroupofpoorJewishChristians,the anawim,or poorones, mayhavewrittenthemagnificat,andlukeattributeditto Marytobetheirchampion.ThisHebrewwordonlyappears24timesintheOld Testament,butamajorityofthosetimesareinthePsalms.Hoppesaystheterm anawimwasaself designationforthepoortomarkthemselvesas pious and humble whiletherichwere evil and wicked. Anawimwerenotvoluntarily poornordidtheyaccepttheirplight.theyacknowledgedgodastheironlysavior andhadabsoluteconfidencethattheirdeliverancewasassured. 5 AccordingtoSell, someanawimbelievedtheirdeliverancecamefromjesus.thus,acommunityof religious,poorpeoplewrotethecanticleandlukeattributedittomary.this plausiblehistoryaccountsforthecanticleparallelswithpsalms9and10.mary thusbecametheanawim sspokesperson,astheembodimentoftheirpiety.the 3 InlookingattheoriginsofLuke1:46 55,ScripturescholarsRaymondBrown,Jane Schaberg,JosephFitzmyer,andBarbardReidallagreethatneitherMarynorLuke wrotethecanticle. NancyA.Sell."Themagnificatasamodelforministry: proclaimingjustice,shiftingparadigms,transforminglives."liturgicalministry10, (December1,2001):31 40.ATLAReligionDatabasewithATLASerials,EBSCOhost (accessedjanuary12,2011). 4 NewOxfordAnnotatedBible:NewRevisedStandardVersion(NewYork:Oxford UniversityPress,1989),78. 5 Hoppe,

3 CatholicbishopsofLatinAmericaexplain, TheMagnificatmirrorsthesoulofMary. InthatcanticlewefindtheculminationofthespiritualityofYahweh spoorand lowly,andofthepropheticstrainoftheoldtestament.itistheopening proclamationofthechrist snewgospel,thepreludetothesermononthemount. 6 Theanawim,therighteouspoor,benefitthemostfromthebirthofJesusChrist. TheMagnificatoffersrichillustrationstocomforttothepoorandamandate forchristianstostandwiththem.w.d.daviescontendsthatthemagnificat addressesthreeissuesthatprimarilyaffectthepoor,though thepoor arenever mentionedbynameinthetextbyname.thethemesare: 1)foreigndomination, broughtdownthepowerfulfromtheirthrones. 2)theDiasporaoftheJews, scatteredtheproudinthethoughtsoftheirhearts. 3)theoppressionofthepoorbythewealthy. filledthehungrywithgoodthings,andsenttherichawayempty. 7 TheMagnificatcontendsthattheannunciationandeventualbirthofJesusreverses thecircumstancesoftheworldsothatthosewhohadbeendominated,abandoned, andoppressednowhavebeenempowered,comforted,andfilled.themagnificatis lesscharityandmorerevolutionary.whilehewascuttingoutpassageofscripture tomake America sbible, Wallisnoted, BecauseMarydidn tsoundlikeareligious serviceproviderwithafaith basedfederalgrant,butinsteadlikeasocial revolutionary,herprayerhadtobecut(fromamerica sbible). 8 Mary sprayer 6 BishopsofLatinAmerica, ThePueblaDocument, Pueblaandbeyond,ed.John EaglesonandPhilipScharper,trans.JohnDrury(NewYork:OrbisBooks,1979)163 insell,2. 7 W.D.Davies,InvitationtotheNewTestament(GardenCity,NY:Doubleday,1966), 156.,inHoppe, Wallis,213.

4 doesmorethaninvokeasenseofcharity,butratherstatesachallengetothestatus quo.johnwesleyspokeofmarybeing underapropheticimpulse, meaningthat shevoicedthesameconcernsforthepoorthatamosandjeremiahhadbeforeher. IntheWesleyStudyBible,a LifeApplicationTopic explains, Wesley,whothought thatworkamongthepoorwasameansofgrace,mightwellsingalongwithmary. God snameismagnifiedwhenthelowlyandvulnerableareliftedupinlove. 9 The MagnificatisacallforallChristianstosingwithMaryandtoliftupthelowly. WhiletheMagnificatsingsthegreatnessoftheLordandGod sabilityto relievethepooroftheirburden,thesettingofmary ssonggivesaparadigmtohow Christianscanbeinministryandfulfillthedream.E.StanleyJonescallsthe Magnificat, Themostrevolutionarydocumentintheworld, 10 anditcanonly becomerevolutionaryifpeoplestandbesidethelowly,justaselizabethstood besidemary.aftermaryreceivesavisitfromgabrielannouncingthatsheisgoing togivebirthtotheonehumanbeingwhowillchangetheworld,shegoestovisit Elizabeth,hercousin,tobementoredandcouncilednyherduringthistime.And shestaysthereforthreemonths.itisinthecontextofthatrelationshipwith ElizabeththatsheisabletosingtheMagnificat.AsDr.KevinBaker,pastorof ReconciliationUMCinDurham,states: Whenthesetwopregnantwomengottogether,theydidmorethan chatabouttheradicalchangestakingplaceintheirbodies.they pointedtotheradicalchangescomingaboutinhistory:changesthat 9 WesleyStudyBible:NewRevisedStandardVersion(Nashville:AbingdonPress, 2009), WilliamBarclay,TheGospelAccordingtoLuke(Philadelphia:TheWestminster Press,1975),19.

5 thechildinelizabeth swombwouldprepareforandannounceand thatthechildinmary swombwouldbringtofruition. 11 TherelationshipbetweenMaryandElizabethchangedtheworld.Andwe,asa church,needtofosterthesekindsofrelationships. InDecember2010,aCircleLeaderincrisiscalledhisAlly.Hewasangryat hisgirlfriend,stressedoutabouthislifesituationingeneral,andhadbeendrinking. TheAllycalledtheCirclesCoach,andthethreeofthemmetoutsidearestaurantin Wilkesboro.TheCircleLeaderneededsomeonetotalktoregardinghissituation. TheAllyadmittedlyhadnoanswers,buthesympathizedwithhispredicament,and madesurethecircleleadergothomesafely.theallywasagod bearertothe CircleLeader.JustastheGreekOrthodoxcallMary,THEOTOKOS,or God bearer, wecanbegod bearerstooneanother.itisthroughwhatwesleycalls Christian conversation thatourtrueselvescanberevealed. InLuke sgospel,marysetsthestageforatotaldisruptionofthecurrent socialstructure.themagnificattellsofthehungrybeingfilled,andtherichbeing sentawayempty.whenithinkofhowthepooraresentawayfromsoupkitchens becausetheyhaverunout,itbegsthequestion, Howcanthechurchallowthisto happen? Itisbecausethechurchhasabandonedourrelationshipswiththepoor. Insteadofbeing Elizabeth s tothe Mary s ofthisworld,wehavelookeddown withjudgmentuponthepoorandsaid, Youhavedoneittoyourself. Withthatline ofthinking,wewillalwayshavethepoorwithus. 11 KevinG.Baker, HailMaryandblessElizabeth, December14, /hail mary and bless elizabeth (accessed3december2010).

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