The New Age Movement's Appropriation of Native Spirituality: Some Political Implications for the Algonquian Nation
|
|
- Shonda Webb
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The New Age Movement's Appropriation of Native Spirituality: Some Political Implications for the Algonquian Nation SUSANNE MISKIMMIN University of Western Ontario In the predawn darkness, a line of figures can barely be discerned as they slip into the makeshift sweat lodge. Inside, in the oppressive heat, they encircle thefire and concentrate on purifying the mind, the body and the earth. Sweet grass is thrown on the fire to aid this process of purification. In turn, each individual gives homage to the spirits. One honours Kitche-Manitou, one the Four Directions, another acknowledges the summer solstice while a fourth gives thanks to the Goddess. It is a scene becoming more and more common in the suburbia surrounding large Canadian cities. It is the New Agers. The participants are, for the most part, "white" and of Euro-Canadian heritage. The leader, however, is often a person claiming "mixed blood", although more often than not this claim to native heritage is only the most tenuous genetic thread linking an otherwise "white" individual to a vague and uncertain Indian ancestor. This thread is embellished and relished. Even individuals with absolutely no possible claim to native heritage are in fact making that claim, or are culturally adopting what is genetically lacking. This desire to be Indian has much to do with the New Age Movement which has sparked a new interest in traditional native spirituality. Native spirituality is revered for its connection to the earth and its respect for harmony and balance in all things and Indians are envisioned to be the spiritual healers of Euro-Canadian maladies. A market for Indian religious experience has developed throughout North America and "guides" such as those noted above have come forward to give spiritual counselling. In actual fact, the New Age Movement's approach to native spirituality is a "grab bag" of native spiritual traditions, with an emphasis on Algonquian and Plains spiritual belief combined with holistic healing and "human potential" language.
2 206 SUSANNE MISKIMMIN Not surprisingly, many entrepreneurs have embraced this fad as an opportunity for great profit. They sell sweat lodges or vision quests which promise individual and global healing. Or they sell books and weekend retreats which propose to teach traditional ceremonies to bring out the Indian in everyone. A visit to the local New Age Shop reveals a bevy of items created to enhance the spirituality of the New Ager. Here, you can buy sweet grass for purifying, shaman's rattles and drums for that at home ritual, dream catchers, medicine wheels or tools of divination, such as "Sacred Path Cards" and "Medicine Cards". These cards are heralded as "an extraordinary tool for self-discovery which draws on the strength and beauty of Native American spiritual tradition. Developed by [a] Native American medicine teacher... this unique system distils the essential wisdom of the sacred tradition of many tribal traditions and shows users the way to transform their lives." Each card depicts a symbol of native spirituality and an accompanying text relates an "authentic" native story to aid in interpretation and direct meditation. New Agers are responding to a genuinely felt emotional need within dominant society. Despairing of their feelings of spiritual emptiness and the lack of meaning in their lives, New Agers look to others for succour rather than seeking transformation from within. Those who embrace native spirituality, for the most part, believe that in doing so they admire and express respect for First Nations. On the surface, this attitude toward native heritage may indeed appear a positive thing; that native spirituality is being revered and celebrated. In this paper, I hope to illustrate that this is not the case. Stereotyping, appropriation and the politics of primitivism are intrinsic to the New Age Movement's "adoption" of native spirituality and a dispute over ownership and authenticity has resulted. In her article "The tribe called Wannabee: playing Indian in America and Europe", Rayna Green (1988) traces the history of the "whiteman's" tendency to emulate Indians from the time of initial contact to the present. This tendency, which she coins "playing Indian", offers an unique opportunity to escape the conventional and often highly restrictive boundaries of the "whiteman's" fixed cultural identity. Green finds that the role of "playing Indian" began to have spiritual implications in the late 19th century and was connected to several important notions: that
3 APPROPRIATION OF NATIVE SPIRITUALITY 207 Indians inhabit the spirit world, that Indians are wise and skilled in healing, and that a medium directed by a guiding spirit can speak to, or instruct, others. Many of these spirit guides were perceived to be Indian. A precursor of the New Age fascination with Algonquian spirituality began in the 1960s, when counter culture hippies, wearing headbands, love beads, fringed jackets and feathers and inspired by such cult books as those of Carlos Castaneda, began to show up on Southwestern mesas and reservation areas in search of peyote cults and a state of "higher consciousness" (Green 1988:44). Two early forms of "guruism" constitute the major literary forms in North American culture which led to the birth of the New Age Movement. In thefirst of these, the persona of a famous Indian leader offers the "truth" of the human condition through the voice of a wise, old, (and now conveniently dead) chief. In the second mode, the old guru gives the teachings through the transcriptions of a non-native student. Indian "truth" and wisdom are purveyed by the "white Indians" to an audience which prefers the white shaman to the real Indian (Green 1988). One of the more notorious authors to write in an Indian persona was Jamake Highwater, an alleged Cherokee/Blackfoot from either Montana or Canada (the story varies), born by his own assertion in several different years. Prior to his "rebirth" as an Indian, Highwater appeared as Jay Marks, a non-indian whose main literary claim to fame was his "authorized" biography of rock star Mick Jagger in the late 1960s. In response to having been revealed by a native newspaper to be of Armenian Jewish heritage, Highwater, clad in expensive "Santa Fe Chic" clothing, insisted that he is Indian because and I quote "I say I am" (Highwater 1981). Two recent works in the "guru" genre attract attention because of their phenomenal success Carlos Castaneda and Lynn Andrews (Green 1988). Castaneda's series of works on the teachings of Don Juan were tendered both as serious anthropology and as an authoritative treatise on Indian life. Lynn Andrews capitalized on Castaneda's success and her own interest in feminism with her account of the teachings of her wise spiritual guide, Agnes Whistling Elk, whose apparent life's ambition was to unburden herself of her people's sacred knowledge to thefirstavailable "white" woman. These works, along with Highwater's, have been
4 208 SUSANNE MISKIMMIN instrumental in engendering the vast and avid demand for native religious experience. The image of native people held by many Euro-Canadians has been imprisoned in history. This has made it possible for New Agers to identify with images of First Nations people in the past and attempt to possess part of this identity, without considering the impact of this appropriation on the present. As Don Alexander writes, "From cigar store Indian, to cowboy and Indian movies, to the 'noble savage', native people live in a prison of images not of their own making" (1986:45). These pervasive images, removed from the daily reality of native peoples, mask their struggles for empowerment. They do not reflect the history of native people but rather express another heritage; those representations of natives by the non-native social imagination which fragments and freezes native identity. Native peoples exist within a milieux of images and contradictory symbols which result from history, consumerism and popular culture. These images have silently contradicted the lived experiences of native people and have worked to construct a discourse of subordination. They are pervasive and powerful and their influence on native identity has political implications. These images are intrinsic to the debates surrounding aboriginal rights and resources, cultural tourism and cultural trespassing, intellectual property and cultural appropriation. Further, the concern for "authenticity" and the "desire to rescue 'authenticity' out of destructive historical change" as Clifford puts it (1985:121) denies culture its dynamic quality. Indians are today what they have always been (constructed as it is): silent, stoic, mystical and clad in beads and feathers. A contemporary First Nations person is deemed less "authentic" than the distorted caricature residing in the Euro- Canadian imagination. This notion that native people today are not "real" or "authentic" makes the appropriation of aspects of their cultural heritage a non-issue. The New Age Movement's conception of native spirituality is superficial at best; it seems they are after a quick spiritual fix. They cling to the positive aspects of spirit forces and deny the dualistic nature of the spiritual world. As an Ojibwe friend recently elaborated, Spiritual learning is a lifelong process; it has taken me my whole life to learn what I know about my tradition. How can a New Ager expect
5 APPROPRIATION OF NATIVE SPIRITUALITY 209 to learn all there is to know just from one book or a weekend course? What they know of native spirituality is so superficial, it makes it look as if it's not real or genuine; not something to be taken seriously. The concern is for the reaction of those Euro-Canadians who have had limited experience concerning First Nations people themselves and are forming their impressions of them based on what New Agers are doing. Further, the New Age Movement's approach to native spirituality does not acknowledge the cultural diversity among native people and creates a "generic" Indian. Nations are not viable nations Such a perception fosters the idea that the First nations that have ownership and jurisdiction over natural resources. Such a perception also implies that there is no political foundation for First Nations, that they exist, for the New Age Movement, merely as a spiritual guides. It has been suggested that when New Agers see how "white" people have historically oppressed others and how they are coming very close to destroying the earth, they often want to disassociate themselves from their "whiteness". They do this by opting to "become Indian". In this way they can escape responsibility and accountability for "white" racism (Smith 1994:70). This dissociation also allows the individual to continue to benefit from the colonialism of which they are part, but to not take responsibility for it. Certainly, New Agers want to become only part Indian. They do not want to acknowledge First Nation struggles for cultural survival, treaty rights, self-determination or an end to substance abuse. They do not want to acknowledge that which would deny them their romanticized vision of Indian reality. Rather, New Agers see Indians as "gurus" who exist to meet their consumerist needs. Andrea Smith writes that The New Age movement completely trivializes the oppression we as Indian women face: Indian women are suddenly no longer the women who are forcibly sterilized and tested with unsafe drugs such as Depo Provera; we are no longer the women who have a life expectancy of 47 years; and we are no longer the women who generally live below the poverty level and face a 75% unemployment rate. No, we're too busy being cool and spiritual. [Smith 1994:71] A further concern regarding the N e w Age Movement is its appropriation of native voice in the telling of native stories. Native stories are powerful and often sacred. Stories affect change, impart strength and heal. Stories convey the social values that the community deems
6 210 SUSANNE MISKIMMIN essential and storytelling situates people in the world and keeps them connected to it and each other. Stories are the fabric of native societies and if they are appropriated by others, native people will no longer control the process that is the very weave of their societies (Walkem 1993). Given the importance of stories in transmitting First Nations cultures, a mistelling represents a destruction. The question of ownership of stories and the licence of outsiders to tell the stories of other cultures are issues that are currently being debated. Much of the colonialist existence of the past few hundred years has silenced native voices. Native stories were largely appropriated and retold by non-native experts in such fields as anthropology, history and in the political realm. Not surprisingly, the appropriated stories distort the realities of native histories, cultures and traditions. Underlying this practice is the assumption that these "experts" have the right to retell native stories because of their place in dominant society. What is disturbing about those who would appropriate the voices of native peoples is that they do not see their actions as political or as a continuation of their own colonialist past. The appropriation of native voices through the telling of their stories is a political act; it dislocates First Nations people and attempts to restructure reality: it is assimilationist (Walkem 1993:38). It has been suggested that cultural appropriation is not necessarily a bad thing all of the time, and that the world cultures are already very entwined. However, such thinking assumes that individuals are playing within an even field. This is not the case. The history of colonialism has led to significant inequities and to the exclusion of communities not regarded as belonging to the "mainstream" of society from telling their own stories. As Smith (1994) comments, respecting the integrity of native people and their spirituality does not mean that there can never be cross-cultural sharing. However, such sharing should take place upon the initiative of First Nations. Interested individuals should acknowledge and become involved in native political struggles and should develop an ongoing relation with native communities based on trust and mutual respect. When this happens, native people may invite a non-indian to take part in a ceremony, but it will be on native terms.
7 REFERENCES APPROPRIATION OF NATIVE SPIRITUALITY 211 Alexander, Don Prison of images: seizing the means of representation. Fuse February/March 1986, 45-^6. Clifford, James Histories of the tribal and the modern. Art in America, April 1985, Green, Rayna The tribe called Wannabee: playing Indian in America and Europe. Folklore 99(l): Highwater, Jamake The primal mind: vision and reality in Indian America. New York: Harper & Row. Smith, Andrea For all those who were Indian in a former life. Cultural Survival Quarterly 17(4): Walkem, Ardith Stories and voices. Fuse, summer 1993,
Aboriginal Spirituality, Symbolism, & Rituals
Aboriginal Spirituality, Symbolism, & Rituals Aboriginal Spirituality Aboriginal Peoples did not all follow one particular religion Certain beliefs were widespread among different groups Beliefs and traditions
More informationSacredness and ceremony: an indispensable ingredient for healing the trauma of Childhood Sexual Assault in indigenous communities
Sacredness and ceremony: an indispensable ingredient for healing the trauma of Childhood Sexual Assault in indigenous communities Visioning B.E.A.R. Circle Intertribal Coalition BEGINNING DAY Begin the
More informationIntentional Community and Spiritual Development JOHN SCHRAMM Community of St. Martin, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Word & World 8/1 (1988) Copyright 1988 by Word & World, Luther Seminary, St. Paul, MN. All rights reserved. page 48 Intentional Community and Spiritual Development JOHN SCHRAMM Community of St. Martin,
More informationJune 17, 2018 National Aboriginal Day Ezekiel 17:22-24 Sacred Stories ã Rev. Elise Feltrin St. Andrews United Church, Bayfield
June 17, 2018 National Aboriginal Day Ezekiel 17:22-24 Sacred Stories ã Rev. Elise Feltrin St. Andrews United Church, Bayfield Ezekiel 17:22-24 Good News Translation This is what the Sovereign Lord says:
More informationChapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction How perfectible is human nature as understood in Eastern* and Western philosophy, psychology, and religion? For me this question goes back to early childhood experiences. I remember
More informationTradition and Identity Unit Background. Native American Literature AP Literature Mrs. Boswell
Tradition and Identity Unit Background Native American Literature AP Literature Mrs. Boswell Historical & Cultural Context Our American identity as we know it is a product of our past. Our class will focus
More informationThe Holy See APOSTOLIC JOURNEY TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA MEETING WITH THE NATIVE PEOPLES OF THE AMERICAS
The Holy See APOSTOLIC JOURNEY TO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND CANADA MEETING WITH THE NATIVE PEOPLES OF THE AMERICAS ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS JOHN PAUL II Memorial Coliseum, Phoenix Monday, 14 September
More informationThe New Discourse on Spirituality and its Implications for the Helping Professions
The New Discourse on Spirituality and its Implications for the Helping Professions Annemarie Gockel M.S.W., R.S.W., Ph.D. Student University of British Columbia "Annemarie Gockel" "
More informationEmbrace your inner wisdom with Crone.
Issue 7 m 1 Embrace your inner wisdom with Crone. why Crone? Because we need a place which is ours alone: a place where we can explore who we are and where we re going. Crone is for every woman of any
More informationMother Earth Spirituality
Mother Earth Spirituality Historical Influences: Pre-contact Spiritualities Approx. 70% of North America s native population dies as a result of contact disease, slaughter, loss of livelihoods = starvation,
More informationREADY TO WEAR CATALOG 2018
THE AMERICAN INDIAN READY TO WEAR CATALOG 018 FASHION TIPS How to look more like an offensive sports mascot! ARE BLUE JEANS THE NEW LOINCLOTH? Twilight star and real American Indian Taylor Lautner weighs
More informationShamanic Journeying Tips
Shamanic Journeying Tips Shamanism is not a religion or a credo, and can be used in conjunction with any spiritual background. It is a process of direct revelation, one in which you are given direct answers
More informationShamans, Healing, and Mental Health
Journal of Child and Family Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1999, pp. 131-134 Shamans, Healing, and Mental Health Ashvind N. Singh1,2 The term shaman, as it is used today, is derived from the Siberian Tungus word,
More informationRoger on Buddhist Geeks
Roger on Buddhist Geeks BG 172: The Core of Wisdom http://www.buddhistgeeks.com/2010/05/bg-172-the-core-of-wisdom/ May 2010 Episode Description: We re joined again this week by professor and meditation
More informationFull file at Test Item File
Test Item File CHAPTER 1: Religious Responses Fill in the blank 1. The word religion probably means to. ANSWER: tie back or to tie again 2. What common goal do all religions share?. ANSWER: Tying people
More informationChannelling Wisdom from the Spirit Energ y Known as Zoltach. The Message. The Message. Seek Your Truth
Channelling Wisdom from the Spirit Energ y Known as Zoltach The Message The Message is Clear Clear is Your Truth Seek Your Truth Seek ABOUT REV. SAYGE Rev. Sayge Whitesong has been guiding & assisting
More information&
Ohki Siminé Forest Ohki is a spiritual teacher of Mohawk descent living in Chiapas, Mexico since 1985 where she collaborates with indigenous Mayas through her organization, Red Wind Councils. Trained &
More informationAncient Frequencies:
Michael Jacobson Globe Institute, 2012 Ancient Frequencies: The Indigenous use of Music & Sound for healing around the World. Since time immemorial throughout the world, all peoples have known of the power
More informationTHE REALITY OF EARTH-CENTERED SPIRITUAL TEACHINGS Is What You See What You Get?
THE REALITY OF EARTH-CENTERED SPIRITUAL TEACHINGS Is What You See What You Get? Sermon by Rev. Jack Donovan, November 6, 2016 Unitarian Universalist Church of St Petersburg READINGS (at end of sermon)
More information4: Culture & Tradition
4: Culture & Tradition Purpose: To recognize the importance that culture and tradition have in the lives and well-being of Native youth. Stages of Change Process: Getting information Learning Objectives:
More informationUnintentionally Distorting the Gospel. A talk given at the Regent University Chapel, May 7, Matthew E. Gordley, Ph.D.
Unintentionally Distorting the Gospel A talk given at the Regent University Chapel, May 7, 2008 Matthew E. Gordley, Ph.D. Its not often a person gets a chance to speak to a group as focused, as intelligent,
More informationYatra aur Tammanah Yatra: our purposeful Journey and Tammanah: our wishful aspirations for our heritage
Yatra aur Tammanah Yatra: our purposeful Journey and Tammanah: our wishful aspirations for our heritage Learnings & Commitments from the CultureNature Journey @ the 19 th ICOMOS General Assembly, Delhi
More informationShamanism: A Practice for Healing and Guidance
Shamanism: A Practice for Healing and Guidance Sandra Ingerman, MA Shamanism is a universal spiritual practice that was gifted to humans over 100,000 years ago by helping, compassionate spirits who volunteered
More informationMinistry of Laity in Daily Life
Ministry of Laity in Daily Life The hidden ministry of the people needs to be brought into the light. In practice, the church rewards institutional activities and gives little attention to men s and women
More informationHealing the Healers. Richenel Ansano
Full book available on Kindle for $7.50 14 Healing the Healers Richenel Ansano Richenel Ansano is a healer from the island of Curacao in the Caribbean and much involved in the labor of healing the healers.
More informationIntroduction: Goddess and God in Our Lives
Introduction: Goddess and God in Our Lives People who reject the popular image of God as an old white man who rules the world from outside it often find themselves at a loss for words when they try to
More informationMotion from the Right Relationship Monitoring Committee for the UUA Board of Trustees meeting January 2012
Motion from the Right Relationship Monitoring Committee for the UUA Board of Trustees meeting January 2012 Moved: That the following section entitled Report from the Board on the Doctrine of Discovery
More informationUC Santa Barbara Spaces for Difference: An Interdisciplinary Journal
UC Santa Barbara Spaces for Difference: An Interdisciplinary Journal Title Book Review: The Object of Memory: Arab and Jew Narrate the Palestinian Village by Susan Slyomovics Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4h59r6jg
More informationTopics, Explanations, and Questions to Inspire Thought
Topics, Explanations, and Questions to Inspire Thought 1) In the Beginning Once Upon Turtle Island When Indigenous people tell their creation story, it starts with a woman who falls from the sky, and lands
More informationForests into Freeways: The Quest to Recapture Native American Identity in 99 things to do before you die and A Map to the Next World
Blair Christensen 11/16 ENGL1102M Dr. Comeaux Forests into Freeways: The Quest to Recapture Native American Identity in 99 things to do before you die and A Map to the Next World In A Map to the Next World,
More informationTable of Contents Chapters and Questions
Table of Contents Chapters and Questions Chapter 1: Questions of Identity and Background 1. Who are you; who are your people? 2. Which is the more proper designation: Native American or American Indian?
More informationWorship as Community Missional Practice
Retreat #2 Tools Tab 73 Worship as Community Missional Practice Introduction The Gospel taught by Jesus was about re-defining our focus. So our worship should provide the space for us to do just that.
More informationTHE MEDICINE WHEEL. Contents of this packet:
THE MEDICINE WHEEL Contents of this packet: 1. Using the Medicine Wheel as a Sacred Map for Vision Quest 2. The Seven Directions. 3. Getting to know the directions. 4. Building the Medicine Wheel at Base
More informationTowards Richard Rorty s Critique on Transcendental Grounding of Human Rights by Dr. P.S. Sreevidya
Towards Richard Rorty s Critique on Transcendental Grounding of Human Rights by Dr. P.S. Sreevidya Abstract This article considers how the human rights theory established by US pragmatist Richard Rorty,
More informationSweet grass Teachings
Sweet grass Teachings These teachings will empower people to make positive changes in their lives. Through an understanding we can begin to see how we as human beings function and how we can heal ourselves
More informationCrossing disciplinary boundaries is a risky venture for scholars, but
86 FAITH & ECONOMICS Economics of Good and Evil: The Quest for Economic Meaning from Gilgamesh to Wall Street 0-19-976720-5, $27.95. Reviewed by Roger D. Johnson, Messiah College Crossing disciplinary
More informationThe From Violence to Wholeness Workshop
The From Violence to Wholeness Workshop Program Overview One of the most important solutions to the growing crisis of violence lies in furnishing people from all walks of life with the tools, and ongoing
More informationThe Gifts of Vibrational Medicine
The Gifts of Vibrational Medicine Dr. Robin White Turtle Lysne was the afternoon keynote speaker at the Symposium. She is a medium, an energetic healer, a visual artist, and a teacher. She was at the Symposium
More informationLearning Guidelines. 1. Formation. Guidelines (amended and approved by CCS Central Council, May 2013, reordered in 2014) 1.
Learning Guidelines Introduction The Centre for Christian Studies uses the Learning Guidelines as a means of determining whether a student demonstrates increasing competence in each of the areas identified
More informationThe Shamanism Magazine
A Free Article from The Shamanism Magazine You may share this article in any non-commercial way but reference to www.sacredhoop.org must be made if it is reprinted anywhere. (Please contact us via email
More informationFollowing Christ in a Consumer Society Reflection Paper. Stephanie Warner. April 12, Concordia University Nebraska
Following Christ in a Consumer Society Reflection Paper 1 Following Christ in a Consumer Society Reflection Paper Stephanie Warner April 12, 2013 Concordia University Nebraska Following Christ in a Consumer
More informationWHAT IS SUFISM Ali Ansari June 8, 07
WHAT IS SUFISM Ali Ansari June 8, 07 Sufism is any means by which people become Sufis. The word "Sufi" comes from the Arabic word Safa`, which means pure, clean, complete. It implies having gone through
More informationCalled to Full Communion (The Waterloo Declaration)
Called to Full Communion (The Waterloo Declaration) as approved by the National Convention of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada and the General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada. Waterloo,
More informationSuggested Discussion Questions for Blonde Indian, an Alaska Native Memoir
Suggested Discussion Questions for Blonde Indian, an Alaska Native Memoir The conventions of Western-defined genres originally challenged and are now challenged by Indigenous forms of literary work. Blonde
More informationSentence Starters from They Say, I Say
Sentence Starters from They Say, I Say Introducing What They Say A number of have recently suggested that. It has become common today to dismiss. In their recent work, Y and Z have offered harsh critiques
More informationThe MASONIC RESTORATION FOUNDATION
The MASONIC RESTORATION FOUNDATION -helping American Masonic Lodges create an atmosphere where their members can learn, study, and impart the traditional lessons of Freemasonry through meaningful human
More informationEdward Said - Orientalism (1978)
Edward Said - Orientalism (1978) (Pagination from Vintage Books 25th Anniversary Edition) ES Biography Father was a Palestinian Christian Named him Edward after the Prince of Wales - ES: foolish name Torn
More informationTHE MEETING AS COVENANT COMMUNITY pp (abridged) in Lloyd Lee Wilson, Essays on the Quaker Vision of Gospel Order. (2001) Quaker Press, Philadel
THE MEETING AS COVENANT COMMUNITY pp. 61-72 (abridged) in Lloyd Lee Wilson, Essays on the Quaker Vision of Gospel Order. (2001) Quaker Press, Philadelphia, PA. Copied with permission of the author. The
More informationACADEMIC SKILLS PROGRAM STUDENT SERVICES AND DEVELOPMENT
TEMPLATES FOR ACADEMIC CONVERSATION (Balancing sources and your own thoughts) *The following templates and suggestions are taken from the text They Say, I Say by Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein, published
More information2. Wellbeing and Consciousness
2. Wellbeing and Consciousness Wellbeing and consciousness are deeply interconnected, but just how is not easy to describe or be certain about. For example, there have been individuals throughout history
More information121 A: HEIDGERKEN, MWF THE BIBLE, ANGELS AND DEMONS.
INTRODUCTION The Level I religion course introduces first-year students to the dialogue between the Biblical traditions and the cultures and communities related to them. Students study the Biblical storyline,
More informationLinda Crawford. View Speaker Profile. Language Spoken. Travel s From
1 Linda Crawford Self Care, Health and Wellness Expert My deepest passion lies in working with others in a fun, spirited and transformative process to awaken the fire of body, mind and spirit. Linda Crawford
More informationWorksheet for Preliminary Self-Review Under WCEA Catholic Identity Standards
Worksheet for Preliminary Self- Under WCEA Catholic Identity Standards Purpose of the Worksheet This worksheet is designed to assist Catholic schools in the Archdiocese of San Francisco in doing the WCEA
More informationNative Images. At Arrowhead Farm
90 Native Images I stood by the open window in my second floor bedroom at the back north side of the 1765 colonial New England house that was my childhood home and looked out across the fields to the woods
More informationDIVERSE FAITHS 1 Diverse Faiths Institution name Professor s name Course Title Student s name Date DIVERSE FAITHS 2 Abstract Christians believe that currently the healing with faith can take place during
More informationSweet Grass Prayers and Invocations
Sweet Grass Prayers and Invocations by Laurie Lacey Copyright 2007 Laurie Lacey Disclaimer The author does not take or assume responsibility for the use of this booklet by any individual(s), or for an
More informationNative American wisdom
21 Noviembre 2017 Native American wisdom.media The goal of life for us is not to worship an external god Text: Sylvain Gillier Imbs Image: Pixabay CC0 O you, almighty creator, May now be restored universal
More informationThis is NOT the actual test. PART I Text 1. Shamanism is a religious phenomenon characteristic of Siberian and other
88 This is NOT the actual test. PART I Text 1 Shamanism is a religious phenomenon characteristic of Siberian and other northeastern Asian peoples. Although its practice is preserved in its purest forms
More informationDALIT WAY OF THEOLOGICAL EXPRESSION
Dalit Way of Theological Expression ISSN 0972-1169 315 April 2003, Vol. 3/IV DALIT WAY OF THEOLOGICAL EXPRESSION Mr. Pitchai, a poor non-christian Dalit landless labourer is one of my best teachers of
More informationA Studying of Limitation of Epistemology as Basis of Toleration with Special Reference to John Locke
A Studying of Limitation of Epistemology as Basis of Toleration with Special Reference to John Locke Roghieh Tamimi and R. P. Singh Center for philosophy, Social Science School, Jawaharlal Nehru University,
More informationMaria Owl Gutierrez, MA, CCHT, MIM, Minister Santa Rosa, California USA
Maria Owl Gutierrez, MA, CCHT, MIM, Minister Santa Rosa, California USA oceangoddess333@gmail.com PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Faculty Energy Medicine University Sausalito, California USA January 2014 - current
More informationTHE POWER OF IMAGE: THE GIFT OF GRACE By Mary Jo Davis-Grant
THE POWER OF IMAGE: THE GIFT OF GRACE By Mary Jo Davis-Grant This dissertation is submitted to the faculty of Holos University for Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
More informationBuddhism. Introduction. Truths about the World SESSION 1. The First Noble Truth. Buddhism, 1 1. What are the basic beliefs of Buddhism?
Buddhism SESSION 1 What are the basic beliefs of Buddhism? Introduction Buddhism is one of the world s major religions, with its roots in Indian theology and spirituality. The origins of Buddhism date
More informationPopular art projects have included making replicas of: button blankets poles masks crests drums dreamcatchers
Visual and Performing Arts: Protocols and Cultural Intellectual Property The following quote is from Time Immemorial: The First Peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast by Diane Silvey. Aboriginal cultures
More informationA Response of the Lexington Theological Seminary Disciples Faculty
A Response of the Lexington Theological Seminary Disciples Faculty to the Churches Uniting in Christ Document on Mutual Recognition and Mutual Reconciliation of Ministries March 10, 2006 Dr. Robert Welsh,
More informationOn Denying Defilement
On Denying Defilement The concept of defilement (kilesa) has a peculiar status in modern Western Buddhism. Like traditional Buddhist concepts such as karma and rebirth, it has been dropped by many Western
More informationExodus 20:5 I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing (paqad) the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation
Exodus 20:5 I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing (paqad) the children for the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation Ezekiel 18:20 The child will not share the guilt of the
More informationOracle 2002 Survey Report
By Peter Bloom, with Mary Myers, and Nancy Anderson Introduction This report is a profile of contemporary, non-indigenous shamanic practitioners who attended the Oracle 2002 gathering and completed a three-page
More informationIndex of Templates from They Say, I Say by Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein. Introducing What They Say. Introducing Standard Views
Index of Templates from They Say, I Say by Gerald Graff and Cathy Birkenstein. Introducing What They Say A number of sociologists have recently suggested that X s work has several fundamental problems.
More informationTaoist and Confucian Contributions to Harmony in East Asia: Christians in dialogue with Confucian Thought and Taoist Spirituality.
Taoist and Confucian Contributions to Harmony in East Asia: Christians in dialogue with Confucian Thought and Taoist Spirituality. Final Statement 1. INTRODUCTION Between 15-19 April 1996, 52 participants
More informationEuropean Program Tour
European Program Tour Summer-Autumn 2018 Reconnecting to Ancestral Tradition. Awakening Authentic Leadership. Initiating Sustainable Projects & Communities. 1 Contents Presentation 3 About Us 4-11 Itinerary
More informationC Chasidut, 7 9 Chi Gong, 7, 8, 10
A African American beliefs, 53, 54 church visit, 51 culture, 53 faith, 52 family and community, 50 poverty and racism, 53 religion, 54 slavery, 53 spirituality, 51, 54 values, 54 wisdom, 55 African traditions
More informationComprehensive Plan for the Formation of Catechetical Leaders for the Third Millennium
Comprehensive Plan for the Formation of Catechetical Leaders for the Third Millennium The Comprehensive Plan for the Formation of Catechetical Leaders for the Third Millennium is developed in four sections.
More informationPreface. From the World Wisdom online library:
From the World Wisdom online library: www.worldwisdom.com/public/library/default.aspx Preface provides a glimpse into the sacred world of the nomadic American Indian women of the nineteenth century. Photographs
More informationMODERN DAY TROUBADOURS
MODERN DAY TROUBADOURS Today words, sound and music are being used as powerful tools for transformation and healing by a group of dedicated individuals who could be called Modern Day Troubadours! Gifted
More informationTouch the Future Knowledge & Insight by David Bohm, PhD.
The following was adapted from an informal talk given by professor Bohm in Santa Monica, California in 1981. Also included are several brief passages from two additional sources: Thought As A System -
More informationall three components especially around issues of difference. In the Introduction, At the Intersection Where Worlds Collide, I offer a personal story
A public conversation on the role of ethical leadership is escalating in our society. As I write this preface, our nation is involved in two costly wars; struggling with a financial crisis precipitated
More informationChoosing The Alternative Menu October 14, 2012 Rev. Dr. Dale Skinner 2 Peter 1:1-11
1 Choosing The Alternative Menu October 14, 2012 Rev. Dr. Dale Skinner 2 Peter 1:1-11 I, Simon Peter, am a servant and apostle of Jesus Christ. I write this to you whose experience with God is as life-changing
More informationAwakening Feminine. the new. Spirit. Meditation
We are here today to love To reconnect To open and feel To breathe and sense To cry and laugh To unleash resistance and say, No and Yes To give our voice to the world Our body to the Universe To release
More informationBlackfoot and First Nations Metis and Inuit Protocol Handbook
Blackfoot and First Nations Metis and Inuit Protocol Handbook Approved: October 7, 2013 General Faculties Council (June 12, 2013 Aboriginal Education Committee) This handbook is meant to share information
More informationFinding Our Way. October 14, Focus scripture Mark 10:17 31 Additional scriptures Job 23:1 9, Psalm 22:1 15 Hebrews 4:12 16
Finding Our Way October 14, 2018 This week s scripture readings are about things that seem impossible. In one story, Jesus talks about something that is physically impossible. He also asks a man to do
More informationTHE MARY MAGDALENE MAGICAL MONTHS
THE MARY MAGDALENE MAGICAL MONTHS The Self-Love Journey 22 nd Oct. 2018 19 th May 2019 Unconditional Self-Love is the way to attract Love, Respect and Joy in your life 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
More informationTemplates for Research Paper
Templates for Research Paper Templates for introducing what they say A number of have recently suggested that. It has become common today to dismiss. In their recent work, have offered harsh critiques
More informationMedicine Wheel Ceremonies: Ancient Philosophies For Use In Modern Day Life (Native American) By Vicki May, C. V. Rodberg
Medicine Wheel Ceremonies: Ancient Philosophies For Use In Modern Day Life (Native American) By Vicki May, C. V. Rodberg BSW - Native Human Services (Laurentian University, 2000) for the Doctor of Philosophy
More informationHONORING the DIVINE in NATURE
The ARLINGTON METAPHYSICAL CHAPEL Presents HONORING the DIVINE in NATURE With Rev. Brian Funk and Special Guests Gaia Mystic and Author Mare Cromwell, Spirit Artist Melody Krafft, Shamans Azurae Windwalker,
More informationTHE 55 AND THE CENTAURS - PART 1
Chiron and the Advent of the Centaurs THE 55 AND THE CENTAURS - PART 1 I have always held a fascination for the power and mythology associated with the different planets in the heavens. Surely one of the
More informationSUMMARY. Pennsylvania during the first two decades of its existence ( ) can be
SUMMARY This study suggests that the Moravian congregation at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania during the first two decades of its existence (1741-1762) can be helpfully viewed in terms of James McClendon s notion
More informationThe Upper World Spirit Allies Celestial/angelic spirits Spirit guides. The Middle World Humans Animals Nature spirits
The Upper World Spirit Allies Celestial/angelic spirits Spirit guides Simplified Map of the World Tree and related elements of the shamanic realms The Middle World Humans Animals Nature spirits For use
More informationPurifying one s emotion with Yoga Asana By Ashutosh Sharma
1 Purifying one s emotion with Yoga Asana By Ashutosh Sharma Hatha yoga or Asana is one of the eight limbs of yoga (Ashtanga). In ancient time, the Yogis used Hatha Yoga as one of the tools to support
More informationKnowing the Facts about A Course in Miracles
Knowing the Facts about A Course in Miracles By Dr. John Ankerberg and Dr. John Weldon Published by ATRI Publishing Copyright 2012 ISBN 9781937136765 License Notes This ebook is licensed for your personal
More informationPREFACE. I am no longer myself. I am someone else.
PREFACE A TRUTH THAT LODGES DEEP IN THE HEART I am no longer myself. I am someone else. The Wolf at Twilight might never have come into being had it not been for a chance encounter in a dusty roadside
More informationRED LODGE LONGHOUSE 2018/19 PROGRAM TH ITALIAN EDITION A SCHOOL FOR LEADERSHIP AND PERSONAL EVOLUTION TO TAKE CHARGE OF YOUR LIFE
A SCHOOL FOR LEADERSHIP AND PERSONAL EVOLUTION TO TAKE CHARGE OF YOUR LIFE AND MAKE A DIFFERENCE ON THIS PLANET. RED LODGE SCHOOL FOR LEADERSHIP AND PERSONAL EVOLUTION LONGHOUSE www.redlodge.it F R E E
More informationTemplates for Writing about Ideas and Research
Templates for Writing about Ideas and Research One of the more difficult aspects of writing an argument based on research is establishing your position in the ongoing conversation about the topic. The
More informationReflections on the Theological and Ecclesiological Implications of the Adoption or Non- Adoption of the Anglican Communion Covenant
FWM Report to CoGS November 2012 Appendix 1 Reflections on the Theological and Ecclesiological Implications of the Adoption or Non- Adoption of the Anglican Communion Covenant October 28, 2012 General
More information2. Durkheim sees sacred things as set apart, special and forbidden; profane things are seen as everyday and ordinary.
Topic 1 Theories of Religion Answers to QuickCheck Questions on page 11 1. False (substantive definitions of religion are exclusive). 2. Durkheim sees sacred things as set apart, special and forbidden;
More informationDeanne: Have you come across other similar writing or do you believe yours is unique in some way?
Interview about Talk That Sings Interview by Deanne with Johnella Bird re Talk that Sings September, 2005 Download Free PDF Deanne: What are the hopes and intentions you hold for readers of this book?
More informationtest: white and gold
test: white and gold Human Timeline evidence for Primal Religion at least 40kya Historical Religions begin about 4kya Historical Religion Timeline Primal and Historical Religions I. Primal (that which
More informationCENTER FOR CATHOLIC STUDIES TO: WBC AND MICAH PARTICIPANTS SUBJECT: PAPAL CORRESPONDENCE: CHARITY IN TRUTH DATE: TUESDAY, MARCH 23, 2010
CENTER FOR CATHOLIC STUDIES TO: WBC AND MICAH PARTICIPANTS SUBJECT: PAPAL CORRESPONDENCE: CHARITY IN TRUTH DATE: TUESDAY, MARCH 23, 2010 AGENDA Welcome Opening Prayer WBC Mission Statement Scripture: 2
More informationDiversity Training Pre-Assignment 2011
Directions: Please read the following letter and be prepared to discuss at the beginning of class. An Indian Father's Plea Robert Lake (Medicine Grizzlybear) Wind-Wolf knows the names and migration patterns
More informationBRIEF RELECTION AS SUMMARY OF PAPER ON SOCIAL ANALYSIS FROM A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE. Elizabeth M. Davis, RSM. 10 November 2007
BRIEF RELECTION AS SUMMARY OF PAPER ON SOCIAL ANALYSIS FROM A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE Elizabeth M. Davis, RSM 10 November 2007 How Can We Dare Wisdom and Mercy in the Mosaic of Our Realities? How Can We Dare
More information