AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION IN NOVEL MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA BY ARTHUR GOLDEN INTO MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA: MEMOAR SEORANG GEISHA BY LISTIANA SRISANTI RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department by RESTUMARDI OKTAVIA NIM : A. 320. 990. 171 NIRM : 99.6.106.13031.5.0171 SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2004
AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION IN NOVEL MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA BY ARTHUR GOLDEN INTO MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA: MEMOAR SEORANG GEISHA BY LISTIANA SRISANTI Consultant approval Consultant I Consultant II Dra. Dwi Hariyanti Dra. Siti Khuzaimah ii
ACCEPTANCE AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION IN NOVEL MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA BY ARTHUR GOLDEN INTO MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA: MEMOAR SEORANG GEISHA BY LISTIANA SRISANTI By: RESTUMARDI OKTAVIA NIM : A. 320. 990. 171 NIRM : 99.6.106.13031.5.0171 Accepted by board of examiners School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta The team of examiners: 1. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum ( ) (Examiner I) 2. Dra.Siti Khuzaimah ( ) (Examiner II) 3. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M.Hum ( ) (Examiner III) Dean, (Drs. H. Bambang Sumardjoko, M.Pd) NIP. 131 470 269 iii
MOTTO Apa saja musibah yang menimpa kamu, maka disebabkan oleh perbuatan tanganmu sendiri, dan Allah SWT memaafkan sebagian besar (dari kesalahan-kesalahanmu) (Q.S. Asy-Syuura:30) Tuhan mempunyai seribu jalan dimana aku tak bisa melihat satupun, kala semua caraku telah mencapai ujungnya, baru pada saat itulah caranya dimulai. (Esther Euyut) iv
DEDICATION Affectionately dedicated to: My beloved Eyang Uthi, thank for motivation, praying never end My beloved parents, the greatest mother, keep rest in peace in the shelter of Allah SWT My sister and husband, thank for allusion and motivation The big family of Wignyo Darmojo, thank you very much v
ACNOWLEDGEMENT Assalamu alaikum Wr.Wb First and foremost, by getting down my knees, I want to say Alkhamdullilahirobil alamin as my grateful thanks to the owner of my soul, Allah SWT, who has shown me, how good the taste of tears and taught me how to smile in my pain in this life. I may not able to finish this thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for bachelor Degree of Education in English without the help of others. Therefore, I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to those who have helped me. First, Mrs. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum as the first consultant whose patient intensely heartens me to accomplish this thesis. Second, Mrs. Dra. Siti Khuzaimah as the second consultant who has revived and corrected precisely the my research paper. Third, Mr. Anam Sutopo, S.Pd., M.Hum who has been patiently and kindly in giving guidance suggestions and corrections until I can finish this research paper. Fourth, Drs. H. Bambang Sumardjoko, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta for the approval to carry out the thesis. Fifth, Dra. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum as the Head of English Department. Seventh, Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M.Hum. as the academic consultant and all lectures who have shared and given their knowledge to me in mastering English. Then, I am going to give my thankful kisses for my best friends; Nurul, Ika and Merlyn, thank for hearing my sadness and thank you to accompany me vi
when I cry and thanks to cry with me. Also for Ulfa, thank for your advises. My young brother, Gunawan Tri.P (Met Jomblo say ). From the deepest heart, I want to sent my purest thanks to Hermawan (seberapa pantas? ) thank for your time, support and your calling and thank for the reality and dreams that we share. My respectful thank; I want to dedicate to my family Pak Lik/Bu lik, Budhe/ Padhe for enhancing my spirit to finish my thesis. Very special thank also to my neighbor Mbah Busrohadi and wife. Special thanks, I want to appreciate to many individual who ever knew in class C (English Department 99) Linda, May, Ruchi, Rudi, Wisnu, Bowo, Temi, Wiwid and the gang, Agus and Bibi. Especially for Cristinah (PEA 99) thank to let me laugh in my pain. For Mas Joko, Mas Bambang and Mas Kholik thank for helping in writing and typing this paper. And the last for all people who are forgotten and too long to mention one by one, I say thanks you million times. I realize that this research paper is far from being perfect. In order to make this research paper better, I welcome any comments, critiques and suggestion. I hope that this research is useful for the reader. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb February 2004 The writer vii
TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE... APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... MOTTO... DEDICATION... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... i ii iii iv v vi ABSTRACT... viii TABLE OF CONTENT... ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION... 1 A. Background of Study... 1 B. Related Literature review... 5 C. Problem Statements... 7 D. Research Objective... 7 E. Research Benefit... 7 F. Research Paper... 8 CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY... 9 A.Notion of Translation... 9 B.Type of Translation... 10 C.Principle of Translation... 18 D.Process of Translation... 19 E. Problems in Translation... 20 F. Addition and Subtraction in Translation... 22 viii
G.The Meaning of Equivalence... 34 H.The Type of Equivalence... 35 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD... 40 A. Type of Research... 40 B. Data and Data Source... 40 C. Technique of Collection Data... 40 CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION... 45 A. Data Analysis... 45 B. Discussion... 78 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION... 81 A. Conclusion... 81 B. Discussion... 82 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX ix
ABSTRACT RESTUMARDI OKTAVIA. A.320990171/99.6.106.13031.5.0171. AN ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH INDONESIAN TRANSLATION IN NOVEL MEMOIR OF A GEISHA BY ARTHUR GOLDEN INTO MEMOIR OF A GEISHA: MEMOIR SEORANG GEISHA BY LISTIANA SRISANTI. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2004. This research is intended to clarify the addition and subtraction on the translation of book novel Memoir of a Geisha into Memoir of a Geisha: Memoar Seorang Geisha. The type of data is qualitative data. The source of the research data are both novels Memoirs of a Geisha as the source language and Memoirs of a Geisha: Memoar Seorang Geisha as the target language text. In taking the data, she uses documentation. She begins by finding the sentences or groups of sentences which contain the case of addition and subtraction, classifying the cases, and counting the percentage of those type to find the dominant classification. Besides, the writer analyzes the equivalent message in translation process. If the message can be transferred well, it includes in equivalent message although happened addition and subtraction. The result of the research shows that from 150 data 60 belongs to addition process and 90 data includes subtraction process. From 60 data, there are 7 kinds of addition namely: filling out elliptical expression 1 datum (1,67%), obligatory specification 24 data (40%), required by grammatical 4 data (6,66%), amplification from implicit into explicit status 5 data (8,33%), classifier 1 datum (1,67%), connectives 7 data (11,6%), and categories of the receptor language 19 data (31,67%). Related to 90 data of subtraction there are 6 kinds, namely: repetition 3 data (3,33%), specification of reference 10 data (11,11%), conjunction 7 data (7,78%), transitional 10 data (11,11%), categories 10 data (11,11%), amplification from explicit to implicit status 49 data (54,44%). There are 146 data (97,33%) belonging equivalent message and 4 data (2,67%), belonging to non equivalent. Finally, the writer concludes that the novel Memoir of a Geisha and its translation is well and understable. x