Both sides look at the same evidence...

Both sides look at the same evidence... - We just interpret it differently. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-1

SO YOU THINK YOU RE NOT BIASED? Now is the time for for all good men to come to the the aid of their country. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-2

SO YOU THINK YOU RE NOT BIASED? The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-2

PRESUPPOSITIONS EVOLUTION: 1. Everything must be explainable by purely natural processes. a. Atheistic evolution: There is no God. b. Theistic evolution: There is a God, but he does not intervene in nature. 2. Since there could be no other natural processes besides evolution, evolution is the only possibility. 3. Since evolution has never been seen in human history, it must be very slow. The universe and earth have to be billions of years old. CREATION: 1. A supernatural God created the universe. Though most things are explainable by natual processes, some things may not be. 2. God is powerful enough to use any method He chooses, including instantaneous creation. 3. Creation does not automatically require any specific age. a. Recent Creation: The earth is probably less than 10,000 years old. b. Gap Theory & Progressive Creation: Because evolutionists must know what they are talking about, the earth has to be billions of years old. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-3

PRESUPPOSITIONS EVOLUTION: 4. Because a worldwide flood would cut billions of years off the time needed to produce the fossil record, there can never have been a worldwide flood. 5. Similarities between living things are due to common ancestry or chance. 6. Scientists are the final authority in everything. Which scientists? The ones that agree with you! CREATION: 4. The Flood. a. Recent Creation: One worldwide flood. b. Gap Theory: Two worldwide floods. c. Progressive Creation: No worldwide flood. 5. Similarities between living things belonging to different kinds are due to common design. 6. Authority. a. Recent Creation: The Bible is the final authority in everything. b. Gap Theory: The Bible is the final authority on everything except the age of the earth and the origin of death. c. Progressive Creation: The Bible is the final authority only on spiritual matters. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-4

Evidence May Be Artist s conception of Nebraska Man (Hesperopithecus haroldcookii). It was based on a single tooth that later turned out to belong to an extinct pig. (Double page spread in Illustrated London News, June 24, 1922) The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-5

Evidence May Be WITHHELD Java skull picture from Internet site talk.origins.org EUGENE DUBOIS AND JAVA MAN Because the skullcap shown above was found near a human-like thigh bone, Dubois claimed that both were from an ape-man known as Pithecanthropus. For thirty years he withheld the fact that nearby he had found two fully human skulls. Whatever Java Man was, it was man s contemporary, not his ancestor. To keep anybody from knowing about the human skulls, Dubois hid them under the floorboards of his house! The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-6

Evidence May Be FALSIFIED a. Embryonic Recapitulation We saw this in the last lesson. b. Piltdown Man. Human skull fragments (stained to look old) Filled in by imagination Drawing after Lee Krystek, Internet Web page Museum of Unnatural Mystery Ape jaw (filed to fit skull) Fragments supposedly found in a gravel pit in England; despite obvious file marks, accepted as an ape-man for over 40 years until the hoax was exposed. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-7

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO KNOW SOMETHING? 1. Personal Experience. I know a bee sting hurts; I know how to ride a bike. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-8

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO KNOW SOMETHING? 1. Personal Experience. I know a bee sting hurts; I know how to ride a bike. 2. Reliance on Authority. I know the sun is 93 million miles away; Jesus loves me, this I know, for the Bible tells me so. I know when I was born because my Mom told me. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-8

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO KNOW SOMETHING? 1. Personal Experience. I know a bee sting hurts; I know how to ride a bike. 3. Logic. I know 2 million + 2 million = 4 million, even though I ve never counted that high. I know I have a brain, even though I ve never seen it. 2. Reliance on Authority. I know the sun is 93 million miles away; Jesus loves me, this I know, for the Bible tells me so. I know when I was born because my Mom told me. 4. Feeling or Intuition. I know she s the one for me; I know God has called me to the ministry. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-8

FALSE PREMISES - FALSE CONCLUSIONS All dogs bark. (Or, If an animal is a dog, then it barks. ) Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido barks. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-9

FALSE PREMISES - FALSE CONCLUSIONS All dogs bark. (Or, If an animal is a dog, then it barks. ) Fido is a dog. Therefore, Fido barks. Not if Fido is a Basenji! Basenjis do not bark. If any one of our premises is wrong, then our conclusion is unreliable. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-9

THE INVALID LOGIC OF EVOLUTION If I am at Victoria Falls, then I am at one of the highest waterfalls in the world. TRUE. THE CONVERSE: If I am at one of the highest waterfalls in the world, then I am at Victoria Falls. FALSE. If evolution is true, then the universe and life would exist. TRUE. THE CONVERSE: If the universe and life exist, then evolution is true. FALSE. All teaching of EVOLUTION ONLY in schools rests on the invalid use of a logical converse. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-10

HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING 1. WHO, if anyone, says they saw this? Are they reliable witnesses? 2. WHAT did they actually see? How much is data, and how much is guesswork? 3. WHAT are they NOT telling me? What assumptions are they making? Is there bias or withheld evidence involved? 4. HOW could we apply the scientific method to this? How could it be repeated and tested? 5. What does GOD have to say about it? He was there and knows what happened; the scientists were not, and are only guessing. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-11

HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING WHAT? WHAT NOT? HOW? GOD? WHO? HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-12

HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING 1. WHO said they saw it? Can I trust them? WHAT? WHAT NOT? HOW? GOD? WHO? HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-12

HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING 1. WHO said they saw it? Can I trust them? 2. WHAT did they actually see? WHO? WHAT? WHAT NOT? HOW? HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? GOD? The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-12

HOW TO TELL SCIENCE FROM STORYTELLING 1. WHO said they saw it? Can I trust them? 2. WHAT did they actually see? WHO? WHAT? 3. WHAT are they NOT telling me? WHAT NOT? HOW? HOW DO YOU KNOW THAT? GOD? The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-12

CHANGE IS NOT THE SAME AS EVOLUTION. Evolution requires the appear- ance of totally new structures such as bones, eyes, arms, etc. It is an uphill process requiring change in the direction of increasing complexity -- that is, simple to complex. Creation says that everything began at its best. It is a downhill process. There should be an overall trend leading toward deterioration -- that is, complex to simple. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-13

EVOLUTION vs. ADAPTATION EVOLUTION The first living cell would have been extremely simple. In order for brains, bones, eyes, hearts, lungs and so forth to develop in its descendants, many brand new genes would have had to come into existence. Requires a GAIN of genetic information. ADAPTATION Individuals may adapt to their environment through learned behavior. Species are able to adapt through the expression of already existing combinations of genes, including recessive ones that become expressed as dominant ones are eliminated. NO GAIN of genetic information; may involve a loss. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-14

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS Everything in the universe runs on energy. The Second Law says that energy used in a closed system (no outside influence) always moves toward disorganization and randomness. Everything proceeds toward equilibrium with its surroundings. In physics terms, entropy always increases. Entropy can temporarily decrease in open systems when specific conditions are met, but the overall trend throughout the universe (which evolutionists say has to be a closed system) is toward deterioration. The universe is falling apart! The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-15

The Biological Classification System Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species For example: humans belong to Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata (Subphylum Vertebrata), Class Mammalia, Order Primates, Family Hominidae, Genus Homo, Species sapiens Species is a manmade classification. It is not the same as a Genesis kind. A kind may include several species and possibly multiple genera. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-16

MACROEVOLUTION vs. MICROEVOLUTION When most people say evolution they mean macroevolution. This would require the addition of new genetic information to produce totally new structures (wings, bones, eyes, etc.) It has never been observed. Microevolution is nothing more than minor variation within a kind. It happens all the time as already existing genes are expressed. (e.g. selective breeding) It would be more accurate to call it microexpression instead. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-17

Selective Breeding Suppose there are only two possible genes for color in a flower. C represents red (dominant) and c represents yellow (recessive). As long as a plant has at least one dominant gene, only that gene will be visibly expressed. Though the yellow gene is present, the flowers will be red. Selective breeding can result in several combinations. 1st generation C C CC c Cc 2nd generation c C Cc c cc c Cc cc c Cc cc The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-18

Selective Breeding Suppose there are only two possible genes for color in a flower. C represents red (dominant) and c represents yellow (recessive). As long as a plant has at least one dominant gene, only that gene will be visibly expressed. Though the yellow gene is present, the flowers will be red. Selective breeding can result in several combinations. 1st generation C C CC c Cc 2nd generation c C Cc c cc 3rd generation c c cc c cc c Cc cc c Cc cc c cc cc Any future descendants will automatically be yellow. No new genes were added; instead, the undesired dominant gene was deliberately eliminated. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-18

Problems with Selective Breeding: 1. Reduced Viability. The selectively bred animals or plants require much more care than wild ones in order to stay alive. They would quickly die in the wild. 2. Instability. When left to itself, the group reverts to its wild state within a few generations. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-19

THE GIRAFFE STORY Serif clipart 1. Other leaf-eaters survived. If they ate grass, short giraffes could have done the same. 2. Adult males up to 19 feet tall, 1-2 feet higher than females. 3. Babies 12 feet tall when weaned. 4. There are no short-necked fossil giraffes. 5. Internal neck structures. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-20

WHY IS A GIRAFFE A GIRAFFE? Or, why is a rose a rose, why is a bug a bug, etc.? The structures in the giraffe s neck, as well as the body structures of every living thing, are present because DNA contains the information needed to put them there. Use and dis- use of body parts has no effect on DNA and is not passed on to future generations. The only way to alter DNA is to damage it with drugs, radiation, and so on. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-21

WHY MUTATIONS ARE HARMFUL Could we change the phrase IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED to FOR GOD SO LOVED THE WORLD by replacing one letter or space at a time? Not if it had to make sense every step of the way. If a series of mutations occurred in the DNA of some type of plant or animal it would soon reach a point where it no longer made biological sense. Rather than an evolving line of living things, it would produce a corpse. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-22

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA Normal human DNA contains the instructions to produce red blood cells shaped more or less like doughnuts with the center flattened instead of cut out. They flow smoothly through blood vessels. If a single DNA copying mistake occurs at exactly the wrong place, the blood cells assume a sickle shape. They may form clots in tiny blood vessels. This causes sickle cell anemia, a painful and possibly fatal disease. There is a slight benefit to the individual: A person who gets sickle cell from only one parent is immune to malaria. However, the species suffers. (1) Malaria is curable but sickle cell is not; (2) Malaria does not damage the gene pool but sickle cell does. The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-23

VESTIGIAL ORGANS tonsils A function is now known for almost every organ in the human body. appendix (Both used to fight infection) Corel clipart Your ability to live without something doesn t mean it s useless. You can live without one of your arms, but that doesn t make it a vestigial organ. Coccyx (anchoring point for pelvic muscles) The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-24

EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT Techpool graphics At the instant of conception, a baby receives all the genetic information it will ever have. Even though there are superficial similarities between different animals at different stages of development, a competent embryologist can tell the difference at any stage from onecelled onward. The gill slits are neither gills nor slits; they are pouches from which the middle ears and a number of glands develop. The yolk sac contains blood cells, not yolk. Corel clipart Techpool Larynx Parathyroid gland Thyroid gland Carotid artery Trachea The Bible vs. Evolution - Overhead # 3-24