Ancient Studies - Guide Unit 6 Jewish Rebellion DATE DUE ASSIGNMENT TOPIC T 4/26 -- In Class: Kingdom of David Part I: By the Rivers of Babylon 0:00-27:30 - Hebrew Bible; Abraham; Moses 46:00-54:30 - Jeremiah; Babylonian Exile W 4/27 50 word summary: In Class: Kingdom of David Part II: Kingdom of David I The Book and the Sword 0:00-14:15 - Temple of Yahweh; Ezra 34:30-54:30 - Antiochus; Macabees; Hanukkah S 4/30 50 word summary: In Class: Kingdom of David Part III Kingdom of David II 0:00-30:00 Roman Rule; Civil War; Essenes; Hillel; Jesus of Nazareth M 5/2 50 word summary: In Class: Kingdom of David Part III & IV Kingdom of David III 30:00-54:30 Zealots; Siege; Destruction of Temple 0:00-10:45 - Masada Baker 242-244 Rebellion T 5/3 Baker 244-257 A Roman Province & Outbreak W 5/4 Baker 257-268 Josephus, Commander of Galilee F 5/6 Baker 268-275 Reversals of Fortune M 5/9 Baker 275-286 Jerusalem T 5/10 Baker 286-289 Epilogue W 5/11 -- TEST S 5/14 REVIEW M 5/16 REVIEW T 5/17 REVIEW W 5/18 REVIEW S 5/20 REVIEW F 5/26 History Exam Writing & Analysis Goal for this Unit: To identify, understand, and express the key ideas from each episode of the PBS Empires series on The Kingdon of David: The Saga of the Israelites and of Simon Baker s chapter on the Jewish Rebellion. To that end, each day in class we will devote time to the composition and comparison of 50 Word Summaries, in which pairs of students work together to distill and convey the major themes of that day s reading in 50 words or less. These 50 Word Summaries will appear on the test at the end of the unit.
Ancient Studies - Guide Unit 6 Jewish Rebellion Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode I By the Rivers of Babylon (0:00-27:30) Rebellion of Judah Nebuchadnezzar Babylonian Exile By the Rivers of Babylon Judean Scribes Hebrew Bible Guide to How to Live Abraham Abraham s destruction of idols One God God s mission for Abraham God s test for Abraham Isaac God s promise to Abraham Abraham as a founder Suffering in Monotheism How Jews lost God s favor Moses as unlikely hero Burning Bush Yahweh Moses reluctance Ten Plagues Passover Exodus Lessons from Moses story Ten Commandments Revolution in Ten Commandments Honor God through behavior Binding Covenant Have Israelites obeyed God? Moses and the Promised Land Pain for Moses Consolation for Moses Conquest of Canaan Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode I By the Rivers of Babylon (46:00-54:30) Deuteronomy as incredible achievement Jeremiah God s demand Social Prophets King Josiah s attack Ominous message from God God as a potter Exile as punishment Destiny to disappear? Stories as transformative Understanding of Exile Record of the Covenant God is Fair Hope for those who accept guilt Need to live by the Covenant Earliest Judaism
Ancient Studies - Guide Unit 6 Jewish Rebellion Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode II The Book and the Sword (O:00-14:15) Greek Culture vs. Judaism Faith in an Afterlife Persian Conquest of Babylon Freedom for Judeans Construction of the Temple Excitement among the Judeans Harsh conditions in Judea Rivalries among Judeans Breakdown of law and order Halt in construction Ezra sent by Artaxerxes Rank, privilege, and political power Torah as instructions on how to live Reading of the Torah Ezra as a second Moses Be open-handed to the needy Torah as central possession of Jews Signed contract God s revelation open to all Revitalization of Jerusalem Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode II The Book and the Sword (34:30-54:30) Uncertainty of interpretation Why human beings should be good New belief in Heaven and Hell Hints of the Afterlife Prophecy of Turmoil Seleucid Dynasty Antiochus IV 185 BC Demand for a single religion Choice for devout Jews High Priest for sale Jason Violent reaction Circumcision as symbol of Judaism Theological & behavioral objections Conversion of Temple Uprising against Antiochus Matathias Macabees First war for religious freedom Restrictions of Biblical law Slaughter of the Macabees Martyrdom Decision to fight on the Sabbath Judah Victory for Judah s forces Judah as a hero Conquest of Jerusalem in 164 Restoration of the Temple Seleucid victory Jonathan s bargain 152 Judean independence Proof of the Bible s promise to the faithful
Ancient Studies - Guide Unit 6 Jewish Rebellion Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode III The End of Days (0:00-32:45) Crisis of Faith Temple of Jerusalem Pompey s reaction to Jewish worship Jewish monotheism & rituals Pompey s search for the God of the Jews Jewish conception of God Romans: Might makes Right Judaea as Jewish Promised Land Conflict between Rome and Judaea Conflict between Jews Jewish Civil War between factions Jewish High Priest Temple as the heart of Jerusalem Importance of sacrifices Role of Priests Passover Willingness to work with the Romans Jewish Rebels Herod Revolt against Herod Suppression of revolt Herod s reconstruction of the Temple Essenes End of Days Goal of Perfect Life Reward for the Righteous Sons of Light vs. Sons of Darkness Time of Trouble Dead Sea Scrolls Death of Herod Fighting Jews vs. Jews Recruitment of slaves for rebellion Bandits or Revolutionaries? Cycle of Repression, uprising, & civil war Pharisees Hillel Three Questions Recognize Image of God in others Communicate with God through study Hillel s explanation of the Torah Love God by Loving People Jesus of Nazareth Turn the Other Cheek Sermon on the Mount Jesus preaching Eschatological Prophets Crucifixion of troublemakers Christians
Ancient Studies - Guide Unit 6 Jewish Rebellion Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode III The End of Days (32:45-54:30) 52 AD as turning point Sicarii Collaborators Assassinations Zealots Divisions in Jerusalem Roman attack on the Temple in 67 Unification of Jews Expulsion of Romans from Jerusalem Jochannon Acts of Mercy Peace Party in Jerusalem Accommodation Zealot s Declaration of War Civil War in Jerusalem Fire Roman massacre in Caesarea Roman dispatch of Vespasian Vespasian s atrocities 100,000 in Jerusalem Roman demonstration of strength Defenses of Jerusalem Chaos in Jerusalem Destruction of food supply Zealot refusal to allow anyone to flee Desperation in Jerusalem Roman Holocaust in Jerusalem Crucifixions Funeral of Johanon Johanon s flight from Jerusalem Roman breakthrough Burning of the Temple Massacre of the Jews Catastrophe for Judaism Loss of the religion of the Priests Video Guide PBS Kingdom of David Episode 4 The Gifts of the Jews (0:00-10:45) Destruction of the Temple Death of the religion of Priests & Sacrifices Rebirth of Judaism Temple as heart of Judaism Despair & Depression Roman control of Judaea Masada Sicarii Trail to the top Roman ramp Elazar ben Ya ir Awful choice Mass execution Roman discovery Self-imposed martyrdom Pahrisees & Yochanon ben Zaki
Simon Baker: Ancient Rome Words to Know from the chapter on The Jewish Rebellion : appropriation (246) lucrative (247) compliance (248) graven (249) demise (249) wanton (250) profligate (251) archetypal (252) scion (252) ascetic (252) insurgents (254) ignominy (255) insurrection (256) compatriots (257) compliant (257) rendezvous (259) opportunist (260) impregnable (262) daunting (263) dilemma (267) messianic (269) talismanic (270) expediency (270) revelation (272) accession (274) squander (276) guerilla (277) deploy (278) imminent (279) exertion (279) epitomize (280) deluge (282) clamber (285) pagan (285) circumvallation (285) raze (286) rapturous (287) entourage (287)
Baker 242-244 Rebellion Arch of Titus Sack of Jerusalem Jewish Revolt of AD 66-70 Winning the peace vs. Winning the war Three great problems of imperialism Hard fact of Roman imperialism Vespasian s reward for crushing the rebellion Baker 244-251 A Roman Province Judaea Province of Syria Imperial provinces of Augustus Procurator of Judaea Pax Romana Tax gatherers Benefits of citizenship Reality of the Pax Romana Protest in Caesarea in 63 Religion & Religion as sources of tension Burden of Roman taxes & Judaea as a time bomb in 66
Baker 251-257 Outbreak Gessius Florus Josephus Silver from the Temple Florus reaction to insults Jewish moderates vs. nationalists Expulsion of Florus Spread of the rebellion Failure of Gallus Ambush at Beth-Horon Jewish reaction to success Hanan and intentions of the elite Baker 257-268 Josephus, Commander of Galilee Roman fears about the revolt Vespasian Nero s selection of Vespasian Titus Challenges facing Vespasian and Titus Challenges facing Josephus
John ben Levi Plots against Josephus Moderates vs. revolutionaries Simon ben Gioras Jerusalem as a fortress Roman war of terror Jotapata Conflicting feelings of Josephus Roman success on the 47 th day Josephus in the pit Nicanor Mass-suicide pact & the Josephan count Baker 268-275 Reversals of Fortune Josephus as a prisoner Josephus gamble Repression of the rebellion Debates in Jerusalem Imprisonment & massacre of moderates John vs. Hanan
Suicide of Nero in 68 Questions at stake in Rome Galba Otho Vitellius Vespasian vs. Vitellius at Cremona Defeat of Vitellius Vespasian s need for major victory Titus in command Release of Jospehus Baker 275-286 Jerusalem Siege of Jerusalem Jewish confidence Roman bettering ram Titus fatal error Psychological battle Josephus argues for surrender Tunnel under siege engines Titus decision to starve out Jerusalem
Roman wall around Jerusalem Collapse of the tunnels Approach toward the Temple Roman debate about the Temple Burning of the Temple Titus reaction to the destruction of the Temple Crushing of the rebellion Titus response to John and Simon Baker 286-289 Epilogue Death toll from the siege Citizenship for Josephus Triumph of Vespasian and Titus Execution of Simon Captivity for John Colosseum Roman message to the Jews Sicarii at Masada Mass suicide Roman administration of Judaea