APHG Ch. 6 Religion Study Guide 2014 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) A large and fundamental division within a religion is a 1) A) family. B) branch. C) sect. D) dialect. E) denomination. 2) A relatively small group that has broken away from an established church is a 2) A) sect. B) branch. C) family. D) denomination. E) dialect. 3) A universalizing religion 3) A) is based on the physical characteristics of a particular location on Earth. B) is less likely to be used as a reason for violence than ethnic religions. C) is rarely transmitted through missionaries. D) appeals to people living in a wide variety of locations. E) has celebrations based on seasonal changes. 4) An ethnic religion is 4) A) appealing mostly to one group of people in one place. B) based on only one language. C) younger than a universalizing religion. D) based on belief in one particular spiritual leader. 5) Eastern Orthodoxy is an example of a Christian 5) A) sect. B) religion. C) denomination. D) branch. E) family. 6) Lutheranism is an example of a Christian 6) A) sect. B) branch. C) denomination. D) religion. E) family. 7) The world's largest universalizing religion is 7) A) Shintoism. B) Christianity. C) Hinduism. D) Buddhism. E) Islam. 1
8) Almost 90 percent of people in the Western Hemisphere claim adherence to 8) A) Eastern Orthodoxy. B) Christianity. C) Roman Catholicism. D) Protestantism. 9) The world's largest ethnic religion is 9) A) Shintoism. B) Confucianism. C) Hinduism. D) Daoism. E) Islam. 10) Which characteristic distinguishes religion in Latin America from North America? 10) A) having a Roman Catholic majority B) Ethnic religions make up the majority in one but not the other. C) having a Protestant majority D) location relative to the Equator 11) Baptists are clustered in the United States. 11) A) southern B) southwestern C) upper midwestern D) northeastern E) A and D 12) Lutherans are clustered in the United States. 12) A) southern B) upper midwestern C) northeastern D) southwestern E) B and C 13) Roman Catholics are clustered in the United States. 13) A) northeastern B) upper midwestern C) southwestern D) southern E) A and C 14) Roman Catholics are clustered in the U.S. southwest primarily because of migration of 14) A) Roman Catholics from Latin America. B) Roman Catholics from the northeast United States. C) Protestants to the east. D) Protestants to the north. E) Roman Catholics from Ireland. 15) The dominant branch of Islam is 15) A) Sikh. B) Druze. C) Eastern Orthodoxy. D) Shiite. E) Sunni. 2
16) The dominant branch of Islam in Iran is 16) A) Eastern Orthodoxy. B) Druze. C) Sunni. D) Sikh. E) Shiite. 17) Adherents of which religion are also likely to believe in other religions simultaneously? 17) A) Christianity B) Islam C) Judaism D) Buddhism E) Hinduism 18) Animists believe that 18) A) people should make complete use of the Earth's resources. B) natural disasters are preventable. C) inanimate objects and natural events have spirits. D) people should complete God's creation of the Earth. E) enlightenment can be achieved by all people. 19) The belief in the existence of only one god is 19) A) polytheism. B) animism. C) pagan. D) cosmogony. E) monotheism. 20) Christianity first diffused from its hearth through 20) A) hierarchical diffusion. B) expansion diffusion. C) relocation diffusion. D) contagious diffusion. E) all of the above 21) Adherents of which religion controlled much of present-day Spain until 1492, but not since then? 21) A) Christianity B) Hinduism C) Buddhism D) Islam E) Druze 22) The agricultural calendar is relatively unimportant to which type of religions? 22) A) universalizing B) animist C) ethnic D) pagan E) all of the above 3
23) The concept of a ghetto originally referred to the area of a city 23) A) where most blacks lived. B) where the untouchable caste lived. C) inhabited by the lowest-income people. D) where Jews were forced to live. E) inside the walls. 24) Beliefs concerning the origin of the universe are 24) A) polytheism. B) monotheism. C) astronomy. D) cosmogony. E) animism. 25) The people of Quebec are distinguished from residents of neighboring Canadian provinces and the United States because they A) frequently use religious toponyms. B) practice religious tolerance. C) are not predominantly Christian. D) don't speak an Indo-European language. E) want to become part of France again. 25) 26) A mosque differs from a church, because a mosque 26) A) contains relics of the founder. B) is decorated with scenes from the life of the founder. C) is not a sanctified place. D) is not a place of worship. E) displays a variety of architectural styles. 27) Worship in Hinduism is most likely to take place 27) A) in a holy shrine. B) in a pagoda. C) at home. D) in a monastery. E) as part of a pilgrimage. 28) Cremation is more important than burial in which religion? 28) A) Christianity B) Hinduism C) Judaism D) Islam E) Buddhism 29) Hinduism's caste system 29) A) is a substitute for the lack of a holy book. B) identifies a family's important deities. C) decrees the pilgrimages which should be taken. D) assigns everyone to a distinct class. E) is the basis for seasonal celebrations. 4
30) Jerusalem's geography represents a particularly difficult religious conflict to resolve because 30) A) the population of Jerusalem is majority Christian but surrounded by majority Jewish and Muslim populations on either side. B) sacred sites to Jews and Muslims are literally built one on top the other. C) Israel captured the Sinai peninsula from Egypt. D) the Israeli government has separated the most sacred sites with a massive concrete wall. 31) From the Russian Revolution to the fall of the communist government, what was the policy of the government towards religion? A) The old church was replaced by Eastern Orthodoxy. B) Churches remained open but played a limited role. C) All marriages were performed by clergy. D) Youth were encouraged to attend so that they could be indoctrinated into communism. E) All churches were closed. 31) TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 32) Individual ethnic religions generally have more concentrated geographic distributions than universalizing religions. 32) 33) Christianity has the most widespread geographic distribution of any religion. 33) 34) Catholics in the United States are concentrated in the northeast and southwest. 34) 35) Buddhism is the most important religion in India. 35) 36) The Ganges is the most holy river for Muslims. 36) 37) Islam is a less hierarchical religion than Christianity. 37) SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 38) What is the world's largest ethnic religion? In what country do 99 percent of the adherents of this religion live? 38) 39) What major universalizing religion originated in present-day India? 39) 40) Most Europeans adhere to which of the three major universalizing religions? 40) 41) Name the two main branches of Islam. 41) 42) Which branch of Islam is the largest in Iran and Lebanon? 42) 43) Most people in the Republic of Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity? A slight majority of people in Northern Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity? 43) 44) Name the four religions dominant in East Asia. How is religious adherence different in East Asia than in the United States? 44) 5
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. Match the religion to the U.S. state in which it is most likely to be found. 45) Mormon A) Alabama 45) 46) Roman Catholic 47) Lutheran 48) Baptist B) Arizona C) Utah D) Montana E) Minnesota 46) 47) 48) ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 49) In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion? 50) Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape. 6