Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 1

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 1 Descriptive Summary: Creator: Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison, James Henry Carter, James Edward Harrison, James Michelle Carter, E.R.N. Winn, Hardin family, Carter family, Harrison family Title: Carter-Harrison Family Papers Inclusive Dates: 1837-1932, undated Bulk Dates: 1845-1895 Abstract: The Carter-Harrison Family Papers consist of correspondence, diaries, legal, financial, and literary manuscripts, plus photographs. The Civil War period letters and two diaries of a woman in Reconstruction Texas are particularly noteworthy in this collection. Accession #: 0316 Extent: 3.85 linear feet (5 document boxes and 1 oversized box) Language: Collection is in English. Repository: The Texas Collection, Baylor University, Waco, Texas. Biographical Note: The Carter-Harrison Family Papers, including manuscripts from the Hardin, Carter, and Harrison families, is a rich resource of documents from one of the most wellconnected families in the American South. This collection provides a look at the lives of some of Waco s most elite citizens from the American Civil War on into the late 1800s. The connection between the Hardin-Carter-Harrison families was Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison. Henrietta was born into the Hardin family and married James Henry Carter, who died in the Civil War. After the war, Henrietta married James Edward Harrison, who was also marrying for the second time. Many of Henrietta s letters survive in the collection, along with two diaries that she kept after the war. Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison was born in 1827 in Richmond County, Georgia, to Edward and Jane Hardin. She married James Henry Carter while still in Georgia, but at some point they decided to come to Texas. James enlisted in the Confederate army during the Civil War, but was killed in 1864 in Hamburg, Louisiana. He is said to have been a captain in a Texas unit from McLennan County, perhaps the 15 th Texas Infantry, but there is no record of him in surviving muster rolls. James and Henrietta had four children together, one of whom died in infancy. Many of James letters to Henrietta and a few from Henrietta back to him are preserved in this collection. In 1866 Henrietta married James Edward Harrison of Waco. James came from a wealthy and well-known family in American history, the Harrisons, which made him a distant relative of President William Henry Harrison, several politicians on the state and local levels, and many military officers. Various members of the family were good friends of future Confederate President Jefferson Davis, and moved with ease in the elite circles of the Lower South society. By the time he moved to Texas, James was becoming well-known in his own right, as he spent time as a trader with the American Indians in present-day Oklahoma and served as a Mississippi state senator. Sometime during his travels, James went to Georgia, and eventually married Mary Ann Evans from Morgan, Georgia. He was 27 and she was just 17 years old. Mary Ann must have accompanied James on most of his travels, since their ten children were born in Virginia, Mississippi, and Texas. Though they had ten children together, only nine lived to adulthood. After

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 2 arriving in Texas in 1857, fourteen years after his older brother Thomas had moved there, James and Mary Ann purchased land ten miles south of Waco along Tehuacana Creek and began setting up a plantation. Though most sources claim he bought 6,000 acres of land around McLennan County, the tax records only show that he owned 3,000 acres. Harrison also owned forty-one enslaved African-Americans who worked in his cotton fields. Harrison was involved from the beginning with the secession movement in Texas. He was a delegate to the state Secession Convention, and was sent with two other men as Texas state commissioners to the Five Tribes in current-day Oklahoma. The written report of Harrison s committee activities with the Five Tribes can be found in this collection. After his mission to the Five Tribes, Harrison enlisted as a Confederate major in Joseph Speight s 1 st Texas Infantry Battalion, a unit filled with men from Central Texas. When the unit was reorganized as the 15 th Texas Infantry in 1862, Harrison became lieutenant colonel. His final promotion was in 1864, to the rank of brigadier general of infantry under the French-born general Camille Armand Jules Marie Prince de Polignac. James served in the Trans-Mississippi area for the entire war, participating in campaigns in Louisiana, Texas, and Arkansas. At the end of the war, Harrison was in charge of surrendering the Trans-Mississippi Department to Union forces under the direction of his own commanding officer. James letter to the United States president asking for a pardon after the war is preserved in the collection, along with orders issued by Harrison to his military unit. Upon returning home, James Harrison began putting his post-war life together. Many of his now-free slaves stayed in the area and worked as tenant farmers for him. These freed slaves and their descendants eventually formed the community Harrison Switch, named for a place close by where the railroad turned its cars and engine around to send the train back in the opposite direction. Harrison also married Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison, who had been a widow since her husband died during the war. The couple married in 1866, with James at 51 years old and Henrietta at 39. They did not have any children together, but both had children from their previous marriage. James Harrison continued to be community leader after the war. After receiving his pardon for participation in the war from the president, he became trustee of Baylor University, deacon in Waco s First Baptist Church, and first president of the Baptist General Association of Texas. He was also good friends with Texas Governor Richard Coke. Various letters in the collection refer to James extensive community involvement, and several letters from his friend Richard Coke are also preserved. In 1873 James began to have pains and numbness in his left shoulder and hand. He continued life as usual, but when his whole left side became paralyzed, he began writing out his will and making provisions for his loved ones. He was fully paralyzed in 1874, but recovered enough to go on a vacation to hot springs in Michigan. He became sick again in 1875, and this time did not recover. James Edward Harrison died on 1875 February 23 and is buried in First Street Cemetery, Waco, Texas. Henrietta lived on until 1909, when she died in Waco, Texas. Two of Henrietta s diaries of life after the war can be found in this collection. Harrison descendants continue to study their families past. Katharine Harrison Sarrafian published a book on the Harrison family in 1966, and a transcription of

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 3 Henrietta s diaries was finished by another Harrison descendent in 1973. In 2005, the Harrison family returned to Waco and gathered at the historic Earle-Harrison House for a family reunion. Today the Harrison legacy stands in Waco and around the Southern United States as one of the most elite families during the 1800s. Sources: Ancestry.com. Family Group: James Edward Harrison and Henrietta Matilda Hardin. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~corbaumgen/baumann/gp454 5.htm#head0. Accessed 2011 December 8. Ancestry. com. Family Group: James Edward Harrison and Mary Ann Susan Evans. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~corbaumgen/baumann/gp511 0.htm#head2. Accessed 2011 December 8. Ancestry.com. Family Group: James Henry Carter and Henrietta Matilda Hardin. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~corbaumgen/baumann/gp511 0.htm#head2. Accessed 2011 December 8. Butler, Jay M. James Harrison and the Development of Harrison Switch. M.A. thesis, Baylor University, 1989. Conger, Roger N. Speight, Joseph Warren. Handbook of Texas Online. http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fsp07. Accessed 2011 December 8. Cutrer, Thomas W. Harrison, James Edward. Handbook of Texas Online. http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fhaac. Accessed 2011 December 7. Harrison, Henrietta Hardin Carter, ed. Emma Harrison Carter Tate and Virginia Gurley Meynard. Diary of Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison. 1973. Piper, Maxine S. Brigadier General James E. Harrison. M.A. thesis, Baylor University, 1969. Price, Karla. Slavery in Waco. Waco History Project. http://wacohistoryproject.org/slavery/slaveryshadows.htm. Accessed 2011 December 8. Sarrafian, Katharine Harrison. The Harrison Family in Texas 1830-1966. Waco, Texas: Texian Press, 1966. Smyrl, Vivian Elizabeth. Harrison, TX. Handbook of Texas Online. http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hnh12. Accessed 2011 December 8. Scope and Content: The Carter-Harrison Family Papers were acquired by gift and transfer in five separate transactions from private donors and The Texas Collection. The first transfer from uncatalogued holdings in The Texas Collection, was made in 1972. This transfer was a genealogy manuscript tracing the history of James and Elizabeth Hampton Harrison and their descendants from 1748 to 1894. This manuscript is probably the document in box 6 of this collection. The second gift was made in 1974 July 16, from the James E. Harrison heirs via Emma Harrison Carter Tate. The gift was the two diaries written by Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison. The third gift, given by Emma Harrison Carter Tate in 1974 September 18, was a variety of documents on James Edward

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 4 Harrison. The fourth gift from J. M. and Annabel Carter was given on 1975 July 22, and were mostly letters from the Carter family. The fifth gift, given on 1976 February 12, was given by Thomas P. Harrison via Emma Harrison Carter Tate, and was more letters and other documents. The sixth gift, given on 2012 April 23, was of a sketch drawn by Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison of flowers in a vase. The collection begins in 1837 and ends in 1932. Records include correspondence, diaries, legal and financial documents, literary productions, and photographic materials. The subseries of Civil War letters between Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison and James Henry Carter is a collection of rare letters from the Trans-Mississippi and the home front of McLennan County, Texas. None of the letters have been transcribed. Also of note are the two diaries penned by Henrietta after the war. These diaries have been completely transcribed and are in book form, available at The Texas Collection. The correspondence series is the largest in the collection. This collection used to exist as two separate collections prior to their combination at an unknown time. The two prior collections were the Carter Family Papers and the James E Harrison Papers. Apparently because the collections were so closely linked, the decision was made at one time to combine them into one collection. The old accession worksheets still exist for each separate collection. It was decided at the time the collections were combined that the James E Harrison accession number should be used for the combined collection, #0316. The now unused Carter Family Papers accession number is #1260. Organization and Arrangement: The correspondence in this collection was organized, but nothing else was organized prior to this finding aid. No up to date inventory was available prior to this finding aid. Currently the Carter-Harrison Family Papers are arranged in six series: I. Correspondence, II. Diaries, III. Legal Documents, IV. Financial Documents, V. Literary Productions, and VI. Photographic Materials. Restrictions: The collection is open for research. Literary Rights Statement: Unpublished materials authored or otherwise produced by the creator (s) of this collection are in the public domain. There are no restrictions on use. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. All requests for copying of materials must be submitted to The Texas Collection in writing. Please use the Request Form for Copying Materials sheet. Index Terms: African-Americans--Texas--McLennan County. Coke, Richard, 1829-1897.

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 5 Diaries. Harrison Switch (Tex.)--History. Harrison, Henrietta Hardin Carter. Harrison, James Edward, 1815-1875. McLennan County (Tex.)--Genealogy. McLennan County (Tex.)--History. Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)--Texas. Texas--Genealogy. Texas--History--1846-1950 United States History--Civil War, 1861-1865. Waco (Tex.)--History. Related Materials: Richard Coke Papers #0066. Ross Family Papers #0014. Separated Materials: Both diaries are currently being digitized. Appropriate separation sheets have been filled out and placed in sequence in the collection. Please see the transcription of the diaries listed in sources above for access to the diaries. Custodial History: Acquisition: Collection was acquired in five gifts and transfers in 1972, 1974, 1975, and 1976. Transfer from uncatalogued holdings, Texas Collection in 1972. Gift of James E. Harrison heirs via Emma Harrison Carter Tate, 1974 July 16. Gift of Emma Harrison Carter Tate, 1974 September 18. Gift of J. M. and Annabel Carter, 1975 July 22. Gift of Thomas P. Harrison via Emma Harrison Carter Tate, 1976 February 12. Gift of John Lumpkin, 2012 April 23. Citation: Carter-Harrison Family Papers, Accession #0316, Box #, Folder #, The Texas Collection, Baylor University. Processing Information: Finding aid completed by Paul Fisher, 2011 December. Container List: Series I. Correspondence, 1840-1932, undated, 1.35 linear feet (3 document boxes). This series contains correspondence from the Hardin, Carter, and Harrison families, plus other letters from family friends. There is a lot of correspondence between Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison and James Henry Carter during the Civil War. There are also several letters by Richard Coke, who served with James Edward Harrison in the Civil War and continued after the war to be a good friend of his. Another letter of note

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 6 was by James Edward Harrison s doctor to another physician to get his opinion on James symptoms. The series is in average to good condition. BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 1 1 Correspondence: Hardin Family 1864-1865, undated 2 Correspondence: Carter Family 1855-1860 3 Correspondence: Carter Family 1861 4 Correspondence: Carter Family 1864-1873, undated 5 Correspondence: Carter Family: undated Fragments 6 Correspondence: To James Henry 1844-1861 Carter 7 Correspondence: To James Henry 1863-1864 Carter 8 Correspondence: To James Michelle 1877-1883 Carter 9 Correspondence: To James Michelle Carter: Burial of James Henry Carter 10 Correspondence: From E.R.N. 1855-1861, undated Winn 11 Correspondence: To James Henry 1864 Carter From Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison 2 1 Correspondence: To Henrietta 1845-1860 Hardin Carter Harrison From James Henry Carter 2 Correspondence: To Henrietta 1864 January-October Hardin Carter Harrison From James Henry Carter 3 Correspondence: To Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison From James 1863 November- December Henry Carter 4 Correspondence: To Henrietta 1864, undated Hardin Carter Harrison From James Henry Carter 5 Correspondence: To Henrietta 1842-1854 Hardin Carter Harrison 6 Correspondence: To Henrietta 1855-1884 Hardin Carter Harrison 7 Correspondence: To James Edward 1861-1868 Harrison 8 Correspondence: To James Edward Harrison 1870-1893

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 7 BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 2 9 Correspondence: From James 1864-1865 Edward Harrison: (1 of 2) 3 1 Correspondence: From James 1864-1865) Edward Harrison: (2 of 2) 2 Correspondence: Harrison Family 1840-1865 3 Correspondence: Harrison Family 1874-1888 4 Correspondence: Harrison Family: 1891-1894 June Genealogy 5 Correspondence: Harrison Family: 1894 October 2-8 Genealogy 6 Correspondence: Harrison Family: 1894 October 12-16 Genealogy 7 Correspondence: Harrison Family: 1895 January-April Genealogy 8 Correspondence: Harrison Family: Genealogy 1895 May-1896 January 9 Correspondence: Harrison Family: Genealogy 1896 February-1932, undated Series II. Diaries, 1869-1877, 2 folders. This series contains two diaries written by Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison about her daily life after the Civil War running the large Harrison farm. These diaries have been transcribed into a book which is available at The Texas Collection. The series is in poor to average condition. BOX NUMBER FOLDER NUMBER FOLDER TITLE 4 1 Diaries: Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison 2 Diaries: Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison 1868 November-1877 1869-1873 Series III. Legal Documents, 1837-1885, undated, 0.9 linear feet (2 document boxes and 1 oversized box). This series contains legal papers connected with the Harrison family. Most of the documents are land deeds or have something to do with land in Mississippi and Texas. Several copies of James Edward Harrison s will can also be found in this series. The series is in average condition. BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 4 3 Legal: General 1847-1885, undated

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 8 BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 4 4 Legal: Inventories of Estates: James 1876-1880 Edward Harrison 5 Legal: Land Deeds 1837-1873 7 OVZ 1 Legal: Land Deeds 1839-1853 4 6 Legal: Will: James Edward Harrison 1874-1877 Series IV. Financial Documents, 1849-1881, undated, 0.9 linear feet (2 document boxes). This series contains financial bills, receipts, and statements generated by James Edward Harrison. There are two bills of sale for enslaved African-Americans owned at one time by James Edward Harrison in this series. The series is in average to good condition. BOX NUMBER FOLDER NUMBER FOLDER TITLE 4 7 Financial: Bills, Receipts, Statements 5 1 Financial: Bills, Receipts, Statements 2 Financial: Bills, Receipts, Statements: Enslaved African- Americans 1856-1859 1862-1881, undated 1849-1853 Series V. Literary Productions, 1858-1922, undated, 2.95 linear feet (3 document boxes and 1 oversized box). This series contains military orders, reports, clippings, genealogical materials, and other documents. Present in the series is the handwritten report of James Edward Harrison to Texas Governor Edward Clark about the condition of Indian Territory prior to the Civil War. This document is reproduced in The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies primary source widely consulted for Civil War scholarship. The military reports are General James Edward Harrison s general orders to his brigade. The genealogy documents have been transcribed, with the printed version filed in box 5, folder 9. The series is in average to good condition. BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 5 3 Literary: General 1865-1869, undated 4 Literary: Military Orders: General Orders 1865

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 9 BOX NUMBER FOLDER NUMBER FOLDER TITLE 5 5 Literary: Military Orders: Special 1865 Orders 6 Literary: Reports: Texas 1861 Commission to Five Tribes 7 Literary: Poems undated 8 Literary: Clippings 1858-1922, undated 7 OVZ 2 Literary: Clippings 1865 5 9 Literary: Printed Material: undated Genealogy: (1 of 2) 7 OVZ 3 Literary: Art undated 6 1 Literary: Printed Material: undated Genealogy: (2 of 2) 2 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: undated (1 of 6) 3 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: undated (2 of 6) 4 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: undated (3 of 6) 5 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: undated (4 of 6) 6 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: undated (5 of 6) 7 Literary: Manuscripts: Genealogy: (6 of 6) undated Series VI. Photographic Materials, undated, 1 folder. This series contains two photographic materials, both of which were printed, and are not actual pictures on photographic paper. The series is in good condition. BOX FOLDER FOLDER TITLE NUMBER NUMBER 6 8 Photographic: Photographs undated Notes: Because of the many names associated with this collection, family tree appendices have been added for the extended Harrison family. Henrietta Hardin was originally a member of the Hardin family, then married into the Carter family, then married into the Harrison family. Though perhaps not apparent at first glance, this collection is related to the Ross Family Papers #0014 through family connections. One of the Harrisons married a Ross.

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 10 Appendix A: Carter-Harrison Family Trees James Henry Carter and Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison Jane Louisa "Lulu" Carter Harrison (1847-1892) + James Edward Harrison (1846-1869) James Henry Carter (1822-1864) + Henrietta Hardin Carter Harrison (1827-1909) James Michelle Carter (1849-1928) + Emma Harrison (1852-1873) Edward Henry Carter (1851-1852) Eugene W. Carter (1851-1870)

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 11 James Edward Harrison and Mary Ann Evans Harrison John Hampton Harrison (1842-1915) + Alice Sophia Nelson Harrison (1845-1932) Laura Harrison Ross (1844-1870) + Peter Fulkerson Ross (1836-1909) Thomas Harrison (1850-1857) James Edward Harrison Jr. (1846-1869) + Jane Louisa "Lulu" Carter Harrison (1847-1892) James Edward Harrison (1815-1875) + Mary Ann Evans Harrison (-1862) Isham Harrison (1848-1849) Emma Harrison Carter (1852-1873) + James Michelle Carter (1849-1928) Mary Evans Harrison Abbott (1854-1910) + Albert Bedwell (d. 1876) + Rufus Darwin Richard Henry Harrison (1857-1900) + Mary Robertson (b. 1858) Lavinia Harrison(b. 1859, died in childhood) Eliza Earle Harrison Bollinger (1862-1927) + DeWitt Clinton Bollinger

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 12 John Hampton Harrison and Alice Sophia Nelson Harrison Mary Evans Harrison Eddins (1866-1954) + Daniel S. Eddins (d. 1912) Allison Nelson Harrison (1869-1940) + Irene Dunklin Harrison John Hampton Harrison (1842-1915) + Alice Sophia Nelson Harrison (1845-1932) John Hampton Harrison Jr. (1872-1950) + Adeline Wells Earle Harrison James Edward Harrison (n. 1874, died in infancy) Guy Bryan Harrison (1876-1956) + Nora Adele Wemple Harrison (1879-1913) Laura Harrison Ross and Peter Fulkerson Ross Laura Harrison Ross (1844-1870) + Peter Fulkerson Ross (1836-1909) Mary Jimmie Ross Rice (1867-) + James Rice Shapley P. Ross (1870-)

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 13 Thomas Harrison and Sarah Ellis McDonald Harrison Family Tree Harriet Earle Harrison (1860-) Thomas Harrison (1866-) Thomas Harrison (1823-1891) + Sarah Ellis McDonald Harrison James Anderson McDonald Harrison (1867-) Mary Louise Harrison (1869-) William Kelley Harrison (1870-) James Edward Harrison Jr. and Loula Carter Harrison Family Tree James Edward Harrison Jr. (1846-1869) + Jane Louisa "Lulu" Carter Harrison (1847-1892) Henry Carter Harrison (1867-1910) + Minnie Sears Harrison James Edward Harrison (b. 1869, died in infancy)

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 14 Emma Harrison Carter and James Michelle Carter Emma Harrison Carter (1852-1873) + James Michelle Carter (1849-1928) Eugene Wellborn Carter (1873-1952) Mary Evans Harrison Bedwell Darwin and Albert Bedwell Mary Evans Harrison Abbott (1854-1910) + Albert Bedwell (d. 1876) Richard Harrison Bedwell (1874-) Richard Henry Harrison and Mary S. Robertson Harrison Richard Henry Harrison (1857-1900) + Mary Robertson (b. 1858) James Maclin Harrison (1885-1960) Richard Henry Harrison (b. 1891)

Carter-Harrison Family Papers #0316 15 Eliza Earl Harrison Bollinger and DeWitt Clinton Bollinger Family Tree Louise Bollinger Hudson (1884-1943) + J. Banks Hudson De Witt Clinton Bollinger (1886-1961) Eliza Earle Harrison Bollinger (1862-1927) + DeWitt Clinton Bollinger (1856-1910) Hallie Bollinger Groos (b. 1890) + Ernest M. Groos (1892-1915) Earle Harrison Bollinger (1888-1952) Frederick William Bollinger (1894-1928) Elizabeth Bollinger Wood (b. 1896)+ Vernon M. Wood