STUDIES IN THE GOSPEL OF JOHN LESSON 19 - JOHN CHAPTER 18 ASSIGNMENT READ John chapter 18. MEMORIZE John 10:17. Therefore doth my Father love me, because I lay down my life, that I might take it again. KEY WORDS The key words in this chapter are: King of the Jews. OUTLINE OF JOHN CHAPTER 18 A. Jesus was betrayed and taken, John 18:1-12. B. Jesus was tried by the Jews, John 18:13-27. C. Jesus was tried by the Roman government, John 18:28-40. LOOKING AT JOHN CHAPTER 18 John chapters 18 and 19 tell of the suffering and death of Jesus. As we study these chapters we want to look for the following: Jesus knew all the things which would happen to Him. 1) Jesus went to meet His enemies. He did not run from His enemies. He did not hide from His enemies. 2) Jesus did not fight for Himself. He did not let the disciples fight for Him. 3) Jesus asked the soldiers to let the disciples go. 4) Jesus let the religious leaders and Pilate condemn Him to die. 1
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A. Jesus was betrayed and taken, John 18:1-12. 1. In the garden. Where did Jesus go? John 18:1 He went to a. Which brook did Jesus cross? John 18:1 the brook. Look at the map in this lesson. Find the brook Cedron. A brook is a little river which flows in winter. Jesus went into a garden. What was the garden called? Mark 14:32. He had been here many times before. It was a quiet place. Judas knew Jesus would go there this night. Jesus went to this garden so He would have time to talk to God. READ Luke 22:40-46; Matthew 26:36-46. Three times Jesus prayed,... nevertheless not as I, but as thou. Jesus came to die. He was willing to do what His Father wanted Him to do. Jesus went to this garden because it was a quiet place. Jesus did not want His friends to fight for Him. He was willing to die. Yet, Jesus did not want His friends to die. 2. Judas. Judas before follower of Jesus now Leader of a crowd What did Judas do this evening? John 18:3 1) He got a of. (Roman soldiers). 2) He got from the chief priests and Pharisees. 3) He got lanterns, torches and. Judas came with the soldiers and Jewish officers. He was the leader. For a long time he had been a follower. Now Judas was a leader with many followers. 3
Judas with the enemies of Jesus (John 18:5). We should ask ourselves: With whom do we stand? Do we stand with Jesus? Or do we stand with the enemies of Jesus? 3. Jesus was taken. A band of men was a group of Roman soldiers. Officers of the priests and Pharisees were the temple police who worked for the Jews. The Jews did not like the Romans. Yet, when they wanted to get rid of Jesus, they asked for the help of the Romans. Priests Pharisees ask Romans to get rid of Jesus Council Did these men need lights and weapons to find Jesus? Why?. These men came to the garden. What did Jesus do? John 18:4 He meet the men.. He went to What did Jesus ask the men? John 18:4 ye What did the men answer? John 18:5 of. Many of these men did not really know Jesus. They did not know they were talking to Jesus himself. What did Jesus answer? John 18:5. What happened to the men? John 18:6... they and to the 4
Many men came with Judas. They had torches and weapons. Yet when Jesus said, I AM He they all fell down. Jesus could have walked away but He did not walk away. Jesus showed these men that He had more power than they had. The words I am are words God used for Himself in the Old Testament, Exodus 3:14. Once more Jesus asked, (John 18:7) ye? Again the men answered, of. It seems as if they still did not believe He was the One they were looking for. What did Jesus answer? John 18:8 I have told you that if therefore, go their way. In other words Jesus said, You are looking for Me. Take Me. But do not take my followers. Let my followers go free. Jesus said in John 17:12, I have kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is but the son of perdition (Judas). Even in this time of sorrow and danger Jesus kept His disciples. He kept His disciples from being hurt. Also, Jesus would keep the faith of His disciples. Peter tried to defend Jesus. Peter pulled out his sword and used it. He hit a servant. What was the name of the servant? John 18:10. What did Peter cut off? John 18:10. What did Jesus do? Luke 22:51 Jesus. Jesus told Peter to put his sword where it belonged. 5
Could Jesus have asked for help? Matthew 26:53. For how many angels could Jesus have asked? Matthew 26:53 A legion is about 3,000 to 6,000 soldiers.. Twelve legion would be how many?. Peter wanted to help Jesus. He still did not understand that Jesus MUST die on the cross. If Jesus had let the disciples fight for Him, would Jesus have given up His life? John 18:11. If Jesus had called the angels to help Him, would the Scriptures have come true? Matthew 26:54. Jesus knew everything that would happen to Him. Jesus knew He was going to die. Jesus knew that He would die on the cross. Jesus did not let the angels or the disciples keep Him from going to the cross. 4. Jesus was bound. What did the officers and soldiers do to Jesus? John 18:12 They Him. The soldiers did not want Jesus to get away from them this time. Jesus let Himself be bound (tied up). John 18:12 says, Then the band and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, and bound Him. A great Bible teacher who lived long ago said, They rushed on Him, and they bound Him. They bound Him? They thought they bound Him. What did bind Him? Love for you! Love for me! That is what bound Him, not the ropes of those foolish men, but the eternal ropes of God's Love. (G.C. Morgan, The Gospel According to John, p.280. Copyright by Fleming H. Revell Company, New York. Used by permission.) 6
God loved us very much. That is why God let the soldiers take Jesus prisoner. The soldiers fell to the ground, but Jesus did not run away. Jesus did not allow Peter to fight any more. Jesus could have called more than 70,000 angels to fight for Him, Matthew 26:53. Jesus did not call the angels to fight for Him. Jesus let the soldiers take Him because He loved us. B. Jesus was tried by the Jews, John 18:13-27. It seems that the Jews tried Jesus three times. The first trial was at the house of Annas. This trial was at night. John tells about this trial, John 18:13-23. The second trial was at the house of Caiaphas. This trial was also during the night. By this time the council was together. Matthew 26:57-68; Mark 14:53-72; John 18:24-27. The third trial was also held at the house of Caiaphas. This trial was at day break. The council condemned Jesus to die in this trial. Matthew 27:1,2; Mark 15:1,2; Luke 22:66-71. It is believed that the houses of Annas and Caiaphas were in one courtyard. There usually was a wall around a courtyard. Several buildings could be in one courtyard. A court was the open place in the courtyard. Look at the picture. There was a place where a fire could be built in the court. (From Unger's Bible Dictionary by Merrill Unger. Copyright 1957, 61,66. Moody Press, Moody Bible Institute of Chicago. Used by permission.) 1. The first trial was at the house of Annas. The soldiers and officers first took Jesus to the house of Annas. Who was Annas? John 18:13 Annas was to. Luke 3:2 says Annas was when Jesus first began His work. Caiaphas was high priest at this time. But the people still asked Annas what they were to do. His words had much power. Five sons of Annas had been high priests. (W. Smith, Bible Dictionary, p. 41.) Caiaphas was son-in-law to Annas. 1) Peter. Peter and another disciple followed Jesus to the courtyard where Annas and 7
Caiaphas lived. We are not given the name of the one disciple. It is believed that this disciple was John. John knew the high priest. Where did John go? John 18:15 He went into the. of the outside the. Where was Peter? John 18:16 He There was a door in the wall. The door opened to the street. Possibly Peter was at this door. A girl watched the door. John asked the girl to let Peter in. When Peter came in, what did the girl ask Peter? Art not also one of this? John 18:17. The New Life Testament says it this way, Are you not a follower of this Man? What did Peter say? John 18:17 He said,. At first Peter stood at the door. As he came in he said he was not a follower of Jesus. Where did Peter stand next? John 18:18 At the. Who else stood at the fire? John 18:18 the and the. Jesus was tried inside the house. At the fire Peter was tried. What was the second question they asked Peter? (John 18:25) Art not also one of. How did Peter answer? John 18:25. A servant of the high priest saw Peter. He asked Peter, Did not I see in the? This servant was a relative of Malchus. 8
What did Peter do? John 18:27 He Jesus in the garden. being with Peter was tried and he failed. Something made Peter think. What happened? John 18:27 The crowed. What did Peter think of? John 13:38 The shall not crow, till hast me. Peter went out and cried. Luke 22:61,62. He was sorry. 2) Jesus. In the house of Annas the Jews tried to find a reason to kill Jesus. What had Caiaphas said before? John 18:14, John 11:49-50 He said it was expedient (better) that should die for the. The Jewish leaders had decided a long time ago that Jesus should die. They needed a reason to kill Jesus though. Jesus never did anything wrong, so it was hard to find a reason to kill Him. What did the high priest ask Jesus? John 18:19 1) He asked Jesus about His. 2) He asked Jesus about His. Doctrine means teachings. Did Jesus say anything about His disciples?. What did Jesus say about His doctrine? John 18:20 a. I spoke to the world. He spoke in plain words. Everyone could understand His words. b. I ever (always) taught in the and in the. Jesus taught where everyone could hear Him. He taught where the priests could listen to Him. c. In secret said. 9
They tried to get Jesus to say something they could use against Him. Jesus knew this. He said, Why do you ask Me? Ask those who heard me. What did one of the officers do? John 18:22 He Jesus with the of his. How did Jesus answer this? John 18:23 If I have thou me?, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why The New Life Testament says it this way, If I said anything wrong, tell Me what was wrong. If I said what was right, why did you hit Me? Did Annas find a reason to kill Jesus?. Annas could not find a reason to kill Jesus. The officer hit Jesus but Annas did not say anything to the officer about this. What did Annas do? John 18:24 He sent to the house of. Jesus was still. Annas kept Jesus tied up. 2. The second trial was at the house of Caiaphas. Who came to the house of Caiaphas? Mark 14:53 All the, the, and the. They came to have a council meeting. This council meeting was at night. John does not tell us what happened at this meeting. Matthew and Mark tell about this meeting. Many witnesses stood up to say something against Jesus. But no two witnesses agreed. In the Jewish law two witnesses had to agree (say the same thing) before they could kill a person. Two things the council said they found against Jesus: 1) Jesus had said, I am able to the temple of God, and to it in. Matthew 26:61; Mark 14:58. 10
2) Tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God. Jesus... But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God. Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven. Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need have we of witnesses? behold, now ye have heard his blasphemy. (Matthew 26:63-65) The Jews believed that Jesus was blaspheming God. They wanted to kill Jesus because He said He was the Son of God. 3. The third trial was at the house of Caiaphas. John does not tell about this trial. Luke tells about it. What time of day was this? As as it was. (Luke 22:66). Just as soon as the council could say, It is daytime they condemned Jesus to die. The Jewish law said no one could condemn a person to die at night. The council hurried to condemn Jesus. They wanted to do this before the friends of Jesus would hear about it. The council condemned Jesus because He said He WAS THE SON OF GOD. C. Jesus was tried by the Roman government. The Jews could not kill a person. The Romans had taken this right away from the Jews. The Jews went to the Roman governor. His name was Pontius Pilate. 11
The Jews took Jesus to Pilate. What time of day was it? John 18:28 in the day. Did the Jews go into the courtroom (judgment hall)?. Why not? If a Gentile person would touch a Jewish person, the Jew could not eat the passover feast. The Jews were religious but they wanted to kill the Son of God. Pilate talked to the Jews outside. (John 18:29-31).The conversations are quoted from the New Life Testament.) Did the Jews tell Pilate what Jesus did wrong?. Do you think the Romans would kill a person because he said, I am the Son of God?. No, the Romans would not kill a person because of these words. The Jews had to find another reason to kill Jesus. What the Jews were saying was, Just let us put Jesus to death. Pilate went inside. (John 18:33-38, N.L.T.) 12
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Jesus told Pilate about His kingdom. Did the kingdom of Jesus belong to this world? John 18:36. Why did Jesus come into the world? He came to be a king. Jesus also came to tell of truth. Pilate did not wait to hear more about truth. He went out to talk to the Jews again. (John 18:38-40. N.L.T.) Pilate seemed to be making fun of the Jews at first. Pilate did not understand truth. BUT what did Pilate say about Jesus? John 18:38 I find in at all. More people must have gathered at the courthouse by this time. Pilate wanted to let Jesus go free. Every year at the time of the passover the Romans let one prisoner go free. Pilate asked if he should let Jesus go free. He had another prisoner Barabbas. Look at these two men: 14
Jesus: Pilate said - I find no fault in Him at all. John 18:38 Barabbas: Was a robber, John 18:40. Made insurrection (worked against the leaders of the country) Mark 15:7. Was a murderer, Luke 23:19. YET, the Jews said, LET BARABBAS GO FREE. IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER 1. Jesus went to the cross. He did not let anyone keep Him from going to the cross. 2. Jesus knew everything that would happen to Him, John 18:4. 3. Jesus kept the disciples so that they were not hurt, John 18:9. 4. Jesus had more power than His enemies, but Jesus did not use His great power over them at this time, John 18:6. 5. 1) The first trial was at the house of. This trial was at. 2) The second trial was at the house of. The, and scribes were also at this trial. This trial was also during the. 3) The third trial was at the house of. This trial was at. At this trial they Jesus to die. 6. Jesus was tried before Pilate. Pilate said, I find in. 7. The Jews asked that be set free rather than. 15
8. Peter denied Jesus times. WORDS TO LEARN 1. brook - a small river. 2. condemn - to give someone over to be punished; to say someone is guilty. 3. court - 1) an open place in a courtyard. 2) a place where a person is tried. 4. courtyard - see page with courtyard. 5. government - rulers of a country. 6. insurrection - working against the leaders of a country. 7. judgment hall - courtroom. 8. trial - 1) test of faith. 2) when a person is tried in court. Lesson 19 - Review 1. Jesus prayed in the garden of. 2. Who knew that Jesus often prayed in this garden?. 3. brought the soldiers to take Jesus. 4. What did the soldiers bring when they came for Jesus? and. 5. When Jesus told the soldiers, I am He, they. 6. Why did Jesus not run away when He had a chance?. 7. Why did Jesus tell the soldiers to let the disciples go?. 8. It was that bound Jesus and not the soldier's ropes. 9. The soldiers took Jesus to house first. 10. Jesus was taken to house next. 11. Where was John when Jesus was tried?. 12. Where was Peter when Jesus was tried?. 13. To stay away from temptation, where should we be?. 16
14. What did Peter do after he said he did not know Jesus?. 15. Were the Jews able to find a reason for killing Jesus?. 16. What did Jesus say that made the Jews want to kill Jesus?. 17. Could Pilate find any reason to kill Jesus?. 18. The Jews chose to go free instead of Jesus. 19. Write out John 10:17 Studies in the Gospel of John by Joseph F. & Helen Pope. Copyright, 1978, by Northern Canada Evangelical Mission, Inc. Box 3030, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada. Edited 2017 by Helen Pope. 17