CONTENTS Volume One HISTORY Introduction... 3 1. Ritsuryō Confucianism... 13 Charles Holcombe 2. The Confucian Teacher in Tokugawa Japan... 41 John Whitney Hall 3. Neo-Confucian Orthodoxies and the Learning of the Mind-and-Heart in Early Tokugawa Japan... 81 Wm. Theodore de Bary 4. The Naturalization of Confucianism in Tokugawa Japan: The Problem of Sinocentrism... 109 Kate Wildman Nakai 5. Neo-Confucianism and the Formation of Early Tokugawa Ideology: Contours of a Problem... 149 6. Beixi s Ziyi and Ancient Learning Philosophical Lexicography... 185 7. Tokugawa Confucian Historiography: The Hayashi, Early Mito School and Arai Hakuseki... 207 Kate Wildman Nakai
vi contents 8. Confucian Perspectives on the Akō Revenge: Law and Moral Agency... 239 Ian James McMullen 9. Intellectual Change in Early Eighteenth-Century Tokugawa Confucianism... 265 Tetsuo Najita 10. The Legacy of Tokugawa Education... 285 Ronald P. Dore 11. Motoda Eifu: Confucian Lecturer to the Meiji Emperor... 313 Donald H. Shively 12. Tokugawa Confucianism and Its Meiji Japan Reconstruction... 351 Kurozumi Makoto 13. Confucianism and the Japanese State, 1904 1945... 373 Samuel Hideo Yamashita 14. The Legacy of Confucianism in Japan... 401 Martin Collcutt Volume Two PHILOSOPHY Introduction... 449 15. Two Kinds of Neo-Confucianism: A Comparison of Fujiwara Seika and Hayashi Razan... 461 W.J. Boot 16. Between Principle and Situation: Contrasting Styles in the Japanese and Korean Traditions of Moral Culture... 479 Chai-sik Chung 17. Reappraising Razan: The Legacy of Philosophical Lexicography... 509
contents vii 18. Introduction to The Nature of Early Tokugawa Confucianism by Kurozumi Makoto... 535 19. The Nature of Early Tokugawa Confucianism... 541 Kurozumi Makoto 20. Nakae Tōju and the Birth of Wang Yang-ming Learning in Japan... 585 Barry Steben 21. From Nativism to Numerology: Yamaga Sokō s Final Excusion into the Metaphysics of Change... 619 22. Itō Jinsai on Confucius Analects: A Type of Confucian Hermeneutics in East Asia... 647 Chun-Chieh Huang 23. Reinterpreting the Analects: History and Utility in the Thought of Ogyū Sorai... 675 Ian James McMullen 24. Human Nature: Singular (China) and Plural (Japan)?... 731 25. Picturing the Universe: Adventures with Miura Baien at the Borderland of Philosophy and Science... 749 Rosemary Mercer 26. Nakae Chōmin and Confucianism... 775 Sannosuke Matsumoto 27. Katō Hiroyuki and Confucian Natural Rights, 1861 1870... 793 Bob Tadashi Wakabayashi 28. Confucianism and Human Rights in Meiji Japan... 817 29. The Civil Theology of Inoue Tetsujirō... 843 Winston Davis
viii contents 30. Western Science and Japanese Neo-Confucianism: A History of Their Interaction and Transformation... 871 Roald E. Kristiansen Volume Three RELIGION Introduction... 903 31. Religious Dimensions of Confucianism: Cosmology and Cultivation... 911 Mary Evelyn Tucker 32. The Worship of Confucius in Ancient Japan... 953 Ian James McMullen 33. Early Japanese Christian Thought Reexamined: Confucian Ethics, Catholic Authority, and the Issue of Faith in the Scholastic Theories of Habian, Gomez, and Ricci... 995 Kiri Paramore 34. Primeval Chaos and Mental Void in Early Tokugawa Ideology: Fujiwara Seika, Suzuki Shōsan, and Yamazaki Ansai... 1029 35. Religious Aspects of Japanese Neo-Confucianism: The Thought of Nakae Tōju and Kaibara Ekken... 1045 Mary Evelyn Tucker 36. Unspeakable Things: Sai On s Ambivalent Critique of Language and Buddhism... 1061 Gregory Smits 37. Ghosts and Spirits in Tokugawa Japan: The Confucian Views of Itō Jinsai... 1077
contents ix 38. The I Ching in the Shinto Thought of Tokugawa Japan... 1099 Wai-ming Ng 39. Rethinking the Akō Ronin Debate: The Religious Signifijicance of Chūshin gishi... 1123 40. Jiun Sonja (1718 1804): A Response to Confucianism within the Context of Buddhist Reform... 1159 Paul B. Watt 41. Quiet-Sitting and Political Activism: The Thought and Practice of Satō Naokata... 1187 42. Mind and Morality in Nineteenth-Century Japanese Religions: Misogi-kyō and Maruyama-kyō... 1225 Janine Anderson Sawada 43. Religious Conflict in Bakumatsu Japan: Zen Master Imakita Kōsen and Confucian Scholar Higashi Takusha... 1259 Janine Anderson Sawada 44. The Idea of Heaven: A Tokugawa Foundation for Natural Rights Theory... 1279 Sannosuke Matsumoto 45. On the Boundary between Religious and Secular : The Ideal and Practice of Neo-Confucian Self-cultivation in Modern Japanese Economic Life... 1299 Gregory K. Ornatowski Volume Four TRANSLATIONS Introduction... 1333
x contents 46. Fujiwara Seika and the Great Learning... 1339 Richard Bowring 47. A Translation-Study of the Kana Shōri (Neo-Confucian Terms for Japanese)... 1365 48. Yamaga Sokō s Seikyō yōroku: An English Translation (Part One)... 1421 49. Yamaga Sokō s Seikyō yōroku: An English Translation and Analysis (Part Two)... 1443 50. Yamaga Sokō s Seikyō yōroku: An English Translation and Analysis (Part Three)... 1455 51. Last Testament in Exile: Yamaga Sokō s Haisho Zampitsu... 1467 Shuzo Uenaka 52. Buddhism as Viewed by Two Tokugawa Confucianists: Itō Jinsai s Letter to Dōkō and Its Refutation by Satō Naokata... 1501 Joseph John Spae 53. Grappling with Chinese Writing as a Material Language: Ogyū Sorai s Yakubunsentei... 1527 Emanuel Pastreich 54. Ogyū Sorai s Instructions for Students: A Translation and Commentary... 1575 Richard H. Minear 55. Hakuseki on Spirits: An Analysis of Arai Hakuseki s Kishinron... 1645 Kate Wildman Nakai Index Nominum... 1685