A Pilgrim People The Story of Our Church Presented by:

A Pilgrim People The Story of Our Church Presented by: www.cainaweb.org

Early Church Growth & Threats (30-312 AD) Controversies and Councils Rise of Christendom High Medieval Church Renaissance to Reformation Worldwide Growth Revolution to Renewal (313-450 AD) (450-1050 AD) (1050-1300 AD) (1300-1600 AD) (<1500-1900 AD) (1600-2000 AD)

Part 6 Worldwide Growth Opening Prayer

Christianity in Africa

Christianity in Egypt Christianity entered Africa through Egypt First Egyptian converts came from large Jewish community in Alexandria New faith soon spread throughout Egyptian society Egypt and Alexandria theological centers of the early Christian Church

Christianity in Egypt In Egypt was some of the greatest defiance of the Romans by Christians Diocletian was particularly brutal In 306 A.D. something happened that would change the destiny of Christianity forever Maximinus still carried out persecutions against Christians in Egypt before he was defeated by Licinius.

Christianity in Egypt Egypt regarded by many Christians, regardless of denomination, as the home of Christian monasticism Monasticism started by St. Anthony of Egypt Relationships between Egyptian churches and Constantinople were strained Coptic Orthodox Church

Christianity in Ethiopia

Christianity in Ethiopia St. Frumentius, Abuna Salama Nine Monks from the East Lalibela & the Rock Churches The Modern Church & Contact with the West Ark of the Covenant

Christianity in Ethiopia Cathedral of St. Mary of Zion, Ethiopia today Ark of the Covenant here?

Age of Exploration Columbus discovers New World Papal Treaty of Tordesillas declared that non-european world from mid-atlantic East belonged to Portugal West belonged to Spain Pope s gift was conditional on their converting natives to Christianity

Age of Exploration

Catholic Missionaries Catholic Priests with Spanish, Portuguese & French Explorers Spread Faith

Spanish in Latin America Conquistadores: Conquerors Spanish soldiers who first came to the Americas Goals of Spanish explorers: God Glory Gold Sometimes goals got confused

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Latin American Catholicism Despite facing hardship, many native people adopted the faith of their conquerors St. Rose of Lima (1586-1617) Daughter of Spanish settlers in Lima, Peru Spent her life in service of the poor First American declared a saint

Latin American Catholicism Our Lady of Guadalupe Mary s apparition to St. Juan Diego in 1531 Patroness of the Americas

North American Colonies 16th - 18th Centuries 13 British colonies Mostly founded by Protestants escaping religious persecution in Europe

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North American Colonies 17th - 18th Centuries From the beginning, religion, especially evangelical Christianity, very strong in 13 colonies 1700s Great Awakening

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North American Colonies Maryland only colony friendly to Catholics Act of Toleration of 1649 Decree by colonial government granting freedom of religion in Maryland In time, Puritans overtake the colony and ban Catholic worship and education Remained in effect until just before the American Revolution

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Discussion Question John Adams, the second U.S. President, warned in 1798 that, Our Constitution was made only for a moral and religious people. It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other. Can the separation of church and state be taken too far, such as when all government support of religious expression is removed and thereby the existence of the democratic government itself becomes endangered?

Eastern part of ancient world accessible to travelers in the 1 st century A.D. Early Christianity in India The silk road, Persian royal road, Roman roads, and shipping routes combined to form extensive interregional networks of exchange in Afroeurasia

St. Thomas Christians As per tradition, Thomas landed at Cragnore (on Malabar coast) Healed sick and demon-possessed Converted local Jews & people from various castes Established 7 congregations on Malabar coast Thomas martyred at what s now called St. Thomas Mount in 72 A.D.

Early Christianity in India Roman Catholic connection with Indian Christians began with Franciscan Fr. John of Monte Corvino On his way to China stayed in India for 13 months Visited St. Thomas tomb and baptized around 100 persons

Portuguese in India Influence of R.C. Church on Malabar Church began with Vasco de Gamma Arrived in Calicut Returned & landed in Cochin Christian leaders asked for an alliance against Muslim predators Portuguese established their first Indian settlement in Cochin But moved to Goa for political reasons

Portuguese in India Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier came to Goa Taught Apostles' Creed, Lord's Prayer, & Ten Commandments to Paravars Baptized 10,000 in a single month Many converts in India, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Malacca and Japan

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Portuguese in India On way to China, Francis Xavier died Mortal remains brought to Goa Body incorrupt & exposed on special occasions for veneration

Portuguese in India KERALA (St. Thomas Christians) Initial friendly relations soured due to interference in internal affairs of ancient Church Portuguese believed that they came under Padroado Tried to cut-off their age-old relations with the Persian Church Continuous conflict with bishops of St. Thomas Christians

Portuguese in India Alexis de Menezes, a powerful RC Archbishop arrived in Goa Convened Synod of Diamper at Udayamperoor (Kerala) intending Destruction of errors & heresies Purged books of false doctrines To bring Syrian Church under Portuguese Padroada Perfect union of Syrian church with whole Catholic church

Portuguese in India Results of actions taken after Synods Ancient Church Thoroughly Latinized Traditional customs and practices changed Severed centuries old relations with Persian Church Corrected many abuses prevalent Since they were imitations of some Hindu practices

St. Thomas Christians Present St. Thomas Christian Groups (in Karala) West Syriac (Antiochian) East Syriac (Chaldean) Oriental Orthodox- Reformed Oriental Orthodox (aligned with Eastern Orthodox) Eastern Catholic (loyal to Pope) Assyrian Church of the East Mar Thoma Church (Anglican) Malabar Independent Syrian Church Indian Orthodox Church Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church Syro- Malankara Catholic Church Syro- Malabar Catholic Church Chaldean Syrian Church

Christianity in the Philippines 16th - 20th Centuries

Pre-Spanish Era Barangay basic social unit A Datu ruled a Barangay Other parts of the archipelago ruled by a Sultan (Islamic) Islamic influence spread over southern part of the archipelago Including Visayan areas and Manila

Spread of Catholicism Ferdinand Magellan first Roman Catholic to arrive in the Philippines in 1521 Mass held when they arrived 1565 Augustinian missionaries arrived 1577 Franciscan missionaries arrived

Spread of Catholicism 1581 Jesuit missionaries arrived 1587 Dominican missionaries arrived 1611 Dominicans established 1 st Catholic University University of Santo Tomas Roman Pontifical University

Early Churches Baclayon Church, 1595 San Agustin Church, 1571

Nationalized Christian Denominations Aglipayan Movement Iglesia Ni Cristo Jesus Is Lord Movement Jesus Miracle Crusade Dating Daan

Ecumenical Movements El Shaddai Shalom 20th Century Charismatic Movements Life-in-the-Spirit Seminar Couples-For-Christ Youth-For-Christ Singles-For-Christ

Religion in Philippines Population by Religion Non-western Indigenous Religions Muslims 2% 4% 4% Protestant Denominations Nationalized Christian Cults Roman Catholics 6% 84%

Sub-Sahara Africa Christianity Began in fifteenth century 15th - 19th Centuries Who was there first? Visit of Diego Cam, a Portuguese explorer, in 1484 Great revival in the 1840s

Church in South Africa Christian Churches in South Africa 17th - 19th Centuries Afrikaner Christians Cape Folk (Cape Coloured) Christians The Xhosa The English The Zulu

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Discussion Question What did you learn today that you found most relevant and interesting?

Closing Prayer