GREEK EXEGESIS: GALATIANS DR. JAMES FREERKSEN PHONE: 592-4142 JAFREERK@LIBERTY.EDU CARTER HALL 231 I. COURSE DESCRIPTION II. A careful investigation in Greek of the argument of the book of Galatians. RATIONALE The primary mission of LBTS is to train persons for ministry positions. This course seeks to enable students to understand and to communicate properly God s Word, which is a primary function of ministry. One goal of LBTS is "to develop cognitive skills for ministry and scholarship through rigorous interaction with the biblical text..." This course seeks to provide this " rigorous interaction" with the Greek New Testament through the actual practice of biblical exegesis and exposition and by the analysis of the argument of Galatians. III. PREREQUISITES NGRK 620 or equivalent It is the student s responsibility to make up any prerequisite deficiencies which would hinder successful completion of this course. IV. MATERIALS LIST A. A Greek New Testament with a dictionary B. A comprehensive lexicon: Such as Bauer, Arndt, Gingrich, and Danker; or Louw and Nida V. MEASURABLE LEARNING OUTCOMES The student will be able to: A. Apply the procedure for exegesis which will be explained in a handout and which will be demonstrated in an exegesis of Galatians 5:4-5.
B. Employ the principles of Greek syntax which make exegesis meaningful, which will be discussed and evaluated in class daily. Their decisions will be recorded in their translation notebook and will be evaluated at the time of each exam. C. Synthesize exegetical facts into expositional teaching and preaching. This expository sermon will be due April 18. D. Use the textual apparatus of the Greek New Testament VI. COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND ASSIGNMENTS A. Translation and parsing: Translate and parse according to the time schedule set forth in this syllabus. LO: B, D B. Exegesis: 1. An exegesis paper on Galatians 5:4-5 will be prepared and typed which is due April 2. LO: A, B 2. A brief expositional sermon outline will be prepared. LO: C C. Reading: Read Walter Kaiser's Toward an Exegetical Theology (Baker, 1981) pages 69-163 and write a one-page summary for each of the five chapters. Hand in a typed, five-page copy on April 23. D. Notebook: Prepare a translation notebook which will be presented to the instructor at the time of each exam. E. Tests: Two exams will be given as presented in the Class Calendar. VII. COURSE GRADING AND POLICIES A. Points [the chart is optional; the information is not] Daily preparation and participation Reading and summaries Exegesis paper Exam 1 Exam 2 Total 200 pts 100 pts 200 pts 250 pts 250 pts 1,000 pts Page 2 of 10
B. Scale: A+ 940-1000 A 920-939 A- 900-919 B+ 860-899 B 840-859 B- 820-839 C+ 780-819 C 760-779 C- 740-759 D+ 700-739 D 680-699 D- BELOW 680 F NGRK 643 C. Assignment Policies The following situations are the only legitimate excuses to grant an extension for any assignment. 1. Medical emergency 2. Military Deployment 3. Death in the family It is the student s responsibility to provide documentation to substantiate the medical emergency and military deployment. Concerning other extenuating issues, the professor can make exceptions if he/she determines that the circumstances warrant an extension or acceptance of a late assignment. However, if the criteria for a legitimate excuse are not met as stated above, the assignments will be deducted 5% of total points each day it is tardy. Instructor Availability and Feedback: The instructor will answer most emails within 24 48 hours. In addition, the instructor will reply to some but not all Discussion Board posts. D. Attendance Policies The student is obliged to follow the attendance policies identified in the graduate catalog. E. Academic Misconduct Policies Academic misconduct is strictly prohibited. See the graduate catalog for specific definitions, penalties, and processes for reporting. F. Drop/Add Policies The student is obliged to follow the drop/add policies identified in the graduate catalog. G. Dress Code Page 3 of 10
The student is expected to maintain a neat, professional appearance while in class. The code is described in the graduate catalog and may be amended with guidelines by the school of study. H. Classroom Policies The use of cell phones will not be permitted. The use of computers is provisional. The student will only be allowed to use a computer if he/she is taking notes during class. Surfing of the web, social networking, or any other activity on a computer that distracts the student from the lecture (in the opinion of the professor) will result in the forfeiture of the privilege of the use of the computer in class. Should one student s behavior result in the forfeiture of the use of a computer for that student, the entire class may lose the privilege of the use of computers. I. Disability Assistance Students with a documented disability may contact the Office of Disability Academic Support (ODAS) in Green Hall 2668 to make arrangements for academic accommodations. For all disability testing accommodation requests (i.e. quieter environment, extended time, oral testing, etc.) the Testing Center (Green Hall 2700) is the officially designated place for all tests administered outside of the regular classroom. VIII. CLASS SCHEDULE CALENDAR January 15 W Introduction to Galatians 17 F Gal. 1:1-5 22 W Gal. 1:6-10 24 F Gal. 1:11-15 29 W Gal. 1:16-20 31 F Gal. 1:21-24 Exegetical Procedure February 5 W Gal. 2:1-5 7 F Gal. 2:6-10 12 W Gal. 2 :11-16 Paul's Visit to Jerusalem 14 F Gal. 2:17-21 19 W Gal. 3:1-5 21 F Gal. 3:6-9 26 W Gal. 3:10-14 28 F Gal. 3:15-18 March 5 W EXAM on Introduction and Gal 1:1-3:9 7 F Gal. 3:19-22 10-14 SPRING BREAK 19 W Gal. 3:23-27 Mosaic Law and the Christian Page 4 of 10
21 F Gal. 3:28-4:3 26 W Gal. 4:4-9 28 F Gal. 4:10-14 April 2 W Gal. 5:1-6 EXEGESIS PAPER DUE 4 F Gal. 5:7-12 Preparing an Expository Sermon 9 W Assessment Day 11 F Gal. 5:13-18 16 W Gal. 5:19-26 18 F Gal. 6:1-6 SERMON OUTLINE DUE 23 W Gal. 6:7-12 KAISER SUMMARIES DUE 25 F Gal. 6:13-18 May 1-6 FINAL EXAMS NGRK 643 IX. Selected Commentaries For Research And Exegesis. Bruce, F.F. Galatians (NIGTC). Eerdmans, 1982. Burton, E.D. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians. T. & T. Clark, 1920. Cole, R.A. The Letter of Paul to the Galatians: An Introduction and Commentary. Eerdmans, 1989. Fung, Ronald Y.K. The Epistle to the Galatians (NICNT). Eerdmans, 1988. Henderiksen, Wm. Exposition of Galatians. Baker, 1968. Kent, Homer. The Freedom of God's Sons. Baker, 1976. Lightfoot, J.B. The Epistle of St. Paul to the Galatians. Zondervan, 1957, Republished. Longenecker, Richard. Galatians. (Word Biblical Commentary).Word, 1990. MacArthur, John. Galatians. Moody, 1987. X. Annotated Bibliography of Greek Tools: A. Grammars 1. Intermediate grammars Page 5 of 10
Brooks and Winbery. Syntax of New Testament Greek. (University Press of America, 1978). Logical and practical approach providing abundant examples. Burton. Moods and Tenses. (T & T Clark, 1898, 1973). A clear treatment of special uses of moods and tenses by an accepted authority. Chamberlain. An Exegetical Grammar of the Greek New Testament. (1941; Baker reprint 1979). Similar to Dana and Mantey; not as complete but easier to understand. Dana and Mantey. A Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament. (Macmillan, 1927, 1957). The classic among intermediate grammars. Goodwin and Gulick. Greek Grammar. (Ginn & Co. 1930). The standard among Classical Greek Grammars. Moule, C.F.D. An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek. (Cambridge University Press, 1971). Exceptionally clear comments on points of grammar by a contemporary scholar. Nunn, H.P.V. A Short Syntax of New Testament Greek. (Cambridge University Press, 1938). Concise with very enlightening approach. Robertson and Davis. A New Short Grammar of the Greek Testament, 10th ed. (Baker, 1931, 1977). Follows a format very similar to Dana and Mantey with more explanation and less illustration. Wallace, Daniel B. Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics. (Zondervan, 1996). An innovative integration of syntax and exegesis for both intermediate and advanced students. Young, Richard A. Intermediate New Testament Greek. (Broadman & Holman, 1994). Presents traditional grammatical and exegetical principles in light of modern linguistic principles. 2. Advanced grammars Blass, Debrunner, Funk. A Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961. A work which is favored by most scholars today and considered to be the last word. It is a help for comparing Koiné and Classical Greek, but it is often difficult. Moulton, Howard, Turner. A Grammar of New Testament Greek, 4 vols, T & T Clark, 1908-1976. These volumes form the most usable and complete grammar available today. Page 6 of 10
B. Lexicons NGRK 643 Robertson, A.T. A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research. Broadman Press, 1934. A monumental work for reference, but lacks in organization and is often repetitious. 1. Standard lexicons Abbott-Smith. A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Attic Press, 1977; reprint. One of the better lexicons, though it is not exhaustive. Its conciseness makes it valuable for the beginning exegete. Gives roots and compares synonyms. Bauer, Arndt, Gingrich, and Danker. A Greek-English Lexicon of New Testament and other Early Christian Literature. Third edition. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2000. Best lexicon for New Testament Greek. Indispensable for the minister who plans to use the Greek New Testament. Gingrich. Shorter Lexicon of the Greek New Testament, Second Ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, nd. A condensation of BDAG omitting the references from the other early Christian literature. Liddell and Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. 7 th ed. Oxford, 1940. The most complete lexicon. It includes the entire span of the language from the beginning of the classical period. Necessary for the student who desires to do the most careful exegesis or word study. Louw and Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. 2 vols. United Bible Society, 1989. Focuses on related meanings of different words. The meanings are indicated by definitions and not merely by English translations. Thayer. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan reprint, 1901. Has been replaced by BDAG, but is still useful for work in etymology. 2. Specialized lexicons Burer, Michael H. and Jeffrey E. Miller. A New Reader's Lexicon of the Greek New Testament. Kregel Academic, 2008. A verse-by-verse lexical arrangement of words used less than 50 times in the Greek New Testament. Therefore, of great value for rapid reading of the Greek text, but of limited value for exegesis. They provide only a couple glosses (definitions) which they (along with the major lexicons) think best fits the present context. They also provide Page 7 of 10
C. Concordances NGRK 643 data concerning the frequency of each word in the present book, in that author elsewhere, and in the entire New Testament. Kubo, Sakae. A Reader's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1975. Of little value for exegesis, but of great value for rapid reading. A verse-by-verse lexical arrangement of all but the common N.T. words. It also provides data concerning the frequency of each word within the N.T. Metzger, Bruce. Lexical Aids for Students of New Testament Greek. (Metzger, 1969). An inexpensive paperback of inestimable value for vocabulary study, etymology, and accidence. Moulton and Milligan. The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1930. A limited lexical work which cites parallels from Greek papyri and other non-literary sources. Wigram. The Englishman's Greek Concordance of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1970; from 1889 ed.. A Greek concordance is necessary for Greek students, because an English concordance must work with English words. It is much better to note how the New Testament writers used their words than how the translators used theirs. This Greek concordance is a good basic concordance, for under each Greek word listed it cites in English each phrase wherein the word is used. Moulton and Geden. Concordance to the Greek New Testament. T & T Clark, 1963. The best Greek concordance in that it cites under the Greek word each phrase in Greek wherein the word is used. Thus, it provides syntactical insights as well as lexical. Not for the novice. Smith, J.B. Greek-English Concordance to the New Testament. Herald Press, 1955. This concordance is unique in that it provides a statistical overview of each word charting its various translations and tabulating the number for each New Testament book. It should be used as a supplemental concordance, since it does not cite the context (phrase) for each usage. Helpful tool. D. Parsing Aids Moulton, H.K. The Analytical Greek Lexicon Revised Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1978. Alphabetically lists all word forms which are found in the New Testament and parses them. Han, Nathan. Parsing Guide to the Greek New Testament. Herald Press, 1971. Provides verse-by-verse parsing for rapid translation. A time-saving tool for students who do not know well the inflections of verbs and nouns. Page 8 of 10
Friberg. Analytical Greek New Testament. Ada, MI: Baker, 1981. Verse-byverse parsing using an interlinear format. E. Grammatical Aids Hanna, Robert. A Grammatical Aid to the Greek New Testament. Ada, MI: Baker, 1983. A compilation of New Testament references cited in the major grammars to illustrate grammatical points (Blass, Debrunner, Funk; Moulton, Howard, Turner; Robertson; Burton; Moule; and Turner's Grammatical Insights). Hanna has been selective, not citing every reference but only those of grammatical and exegetical importance. The grammatical point of each citation is stated plus any necessary clarification. Prepared for the exegete, it will be of value to those beyond the elements of Greek. Owings, Timothy. A Cumulative Index to New Testament Greek Grammars. Ada, MI: Baker, 1983. It indexes according to the N.T. reference every citation by eight grammars: Blass, Debruner, Funk; Brooks & Winbery; Dana & Mantey; Moule; Moulton, Howard, Turner; Robertson; Robertson & Davis; and Zerwick. A computer-type listing with no explanation for the listings. Zerwick, Max. An Analysis of the Greek New Testament. Rome: Biblical Inst. Press, 1981. A grammatical-type commentary providing grammatical identifications (difficult parsing and functions). Very helpful for the advanced student. Rienecker & Rogers. Linguistic Key to the Greek New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1976, 1980. Another grammatical commentary. More elementary than Zerwick. F. Word Studies Balz, Horst and Gerhard Schneider, eds. Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament. 3 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993. This is an updating of TDNT and incorporates newer viewpoints concerning linguistics. Brown, Colin. New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology. 4 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1986. More concise and conservative than TDNT. Essential. Kittel, G. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. 1964-76. Very comprehensive; liberal. Barclay, William. New Testament Words. London: SCM Press, 1964). Helpful. Harris, Murray. Prepositions and Theology in the Greek New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2012. A helpful tool for gaining a clearer understanding of the 17 proper and the 42 improper prepositions used Page 9 of 10
in the New Testament. Harris includes hundreds of passages containing difficult prepositional phrases. Hill, David. Greek Words and Hebrew Meanings, Cambridge, England: 1967). Robertson, A.T. Word Pictures in the New Testament, 6 vols. Nashville: Broadman, 1931). A grammatical commentary. But sometimes its brevity disappoints the exegete. Trench. Synonyms of the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1880, 1953. An old Classic. Like most studies of synonyms it is somewhat limited and surpassed by TDNT, DNTT, and EDNT. Turner, Nigel. Christian Words Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1981). Word studies by a Greek scholar. Vincent, Marvin. Word Studies in the New Testament, 4 Vols. Reprint, McLean, VA: MacDonald Publishing, n.d.). Brief and dated but somewhat helpful. Vine, W.E. An Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words. Grand Rapids: Zondervan 1937, 1981. Though somewhat of a classic, it is limited. DNTT provides a far superior work. Page 10 of 10