PRESENTATION 1 GUIDE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE AND PHILOSOPHICAL PROOF OF GOD S EXISTENCE. From content by: Fr. Robert J. Spitzer, S. J., Ph.D.

CC PRESENTATION 1 GUIDE CREDIBLE CATHOLIC SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE AND PHILOSOPHICAL PROOF OF GOD S EXISTENCE From content by: Fr. Robert J. Spitzer, S. J., Ph.D. Adapted by: Claude R. LeBlanc, M.A. 1 Magis Center 2017

Welcome to CREDIBLE CATHOLIC! WHAT IS THE PROBLEM? It is unbelief and skepticism. In our culture, derision of religion, God, the soul, Jesus, and the prospect of finding spiritual meaning in suffering, are not only tolerated but preached and sometimes even celebrated. Many are already infected by the faulty messages which are delivered in four popular, but inaccurate, secular myths. These myths, in one form or another, are as follows: Myth 1: Science and faith are incompatible, and since science is true, it has replaced religion. Myth 2: Human beings are like every other animal merely a complex of atoms and molecules. We have no soul, no eternal destiny, and no transcendent nature. When we die, we die. Myth 3: There is no explanation for why an all-loving God would allow suffering. Therefore, suffering is fundamentally negative and a loving God probably does not exist. Myth 4: There is no evidence for Jesus as an historical figure, and therefore his resurrection or divinity. If Jesus did exist he was just an interesting prophet, but not a Savior or the Son of God. The 2016 Pew Research Center s Religious Landscape Study indicates that over 40% of millennials have abandoned their faith to unbelief because these four challenges have not been adequately addressed. Unless we specifically and effectively address these challenges to faith, the percentage will continue to grow. What can be done? WHAT IS OUR SOLUTION? Credible Catholic, a Magis Center curriculum correlated to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, was specifically created to address these myths. TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 4 Presentation 1a: SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE OF GOD S EXISTENCE Presentation Notes. 6 Activities Handout.. 17 Assessment (and Answer Key). 18 Student and Presenter Surveys. 22 Presentation 1b: PHILOSOPHICAL PROOF OF GOD S EXISTENCE Presentation Notes. 24 Activities Handout.. 34 Assessment (and Answer Key). 35 Student and Presenter Surveys.. 37 Magis Center 2017 2

CREDIBLE CATHOLIC PRESENTATION 1 GUIDE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE AND PHILOSOPHICAL PROOF OF GOD S EXISTENCE From content by: Fr. Robert J. Spitzer, S. J., Ph.D. Adapted by Claude R. LeBlanc, M.A. Magis Center 13280 Chapman Ave. Christ Cathedral Tower of Hope, 9 th Floor Garden Grove, CA 92840 Magis Center 2017 3 Magis Center 2017

CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1 Scientific Evidence and Philosophical Proof of God s Existence Table of Contents GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Content: This presentation is primarily derived from the Credible Catholic Little Book (CCLB) 1 which can be found at crediblecatholic.com. The presentations are interactive, with prayers, questions for discussion, videos and activities. You will find that most of the slides are self-explanatory. If you are using the version without voiceover, it is suggested that you or one of your students read it aloud, then you can comment about it or lead a discussion related to it. The questions on the slides are included to encourage student participation, at your discretion. Handouts: Students do not need to write down what is on the slides. You can simply make a copy of the following pages, with images of the slides and additional notes, for their use. There are a few places where notes can be added by the students but the commentary should provide them with what they need. Opening & Closing Prayers: It is recommended that you have the whole class read these aloud to establish that you expect their participation. Videos and Audio Files: These are introduced on the previous slides so that you are prepared for them. They automatically start when the next slide is opened. There is a discussion question included with each video. If you wish to use it, ask it before changing slides. When leading a discussion, it is important to establish trust on the part of your students, so let them answer the questions without correction (unless you believe they are being malicious). The content of each presentation contains the Church s teachings on the topics, so you do not need to give correct answers to the discussion questions. Time Required: Each presentation was designed to be easily covered in 120 minutes. If you have less time, use your discretion in limiting some discussion, omitting an activity (or activities), skipping a video (or videos), and assigning the assessment for homework (see the chart on the next page for recommendations). If you find you have extra time, use it for further class discussion and/or to encourage your students to brainstorm how this information can be used to confront the challenges to faith they face. If you can, add personal anecdotes and examples as appropriate to enhance student learning. Magis Center 2017 4

CC P1 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS, pg. 2 You may consider reading through the assessment questions beforehand to help you decide what to emphasize. If you wish to use most or all of this presentation s components, but do not have sufficient time, you can split it into two or more presentations as you see fit. Recommendations Based on Available Time Minutes: 60 75 90 105 120 Presentation Text Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Discussion Questions No Yes Yes Yes Yes Videos No No Yes Yes Yes Activities No No No Yes Yes Assessment No No No No Yes Required Preparation: Knowing how busy teachers and catechists are, we have tried to make these presentations easy to use. Generally, after reading these General Instructions, you can start the presentation and follow the Presentation Notes from beginning to end. For additional preparation, you may find it rewarding to read through the applicable CCLB (as noted above). If more information is desired, you can reference the Credible Catholic Big Book (CCBB) and/or the other additional resources shown at the end of each presentation. Using the Presentations: All Credible Catholic presentations are free online and can be played on your smart device or computer from our website with no special apps by electing the PLAY button. You may also download them in PDF format by selecting the SAVE button. You may need Adobe Acrobat Player, Adobe Flash Player and/or QuickTime Player (all free online) for the embedded videos and audio files to play in the PDFs. Student and Presenter Surveys are provided at the end of the presentation guide. We would appreciate it if you would administer and send them to us, either to the address at the front of this guide, or by scanning and emailing them to teach@magiscenter.com. To show our appreciation, we are offering a 25% discount on any one of the products for sale on our website for each class survey you submit. Need Help? If you have questions, contact us at teach@magiscenter.com and we will try to get back to you promptly. 5 Magis Center 2017

CC Presentation 1a: Scientific Evidence of God s Existence Table of Contents PRESENTATION NOTES 4. Data collected by the Pew Research Center shows that while the percentage of older Americans who believe in God has stayed relatively consistent, the percentage of Millennials who believe in God has been steadily declining over the past 10 years. 1. Presentation 1a Title Slide 2. Presentation 1a Copyright Slide 3. Opening Prayer 5. Possible answers include: 1. Some have a misperception about the role of science and its findings, believing that science can, or eventually will, answer and solve all of our problems, making religion unnecessary. This contributes to the strong sense of secularism in our culture. Others see suffering in the world as proof that God does not exist or that God does not care. 2. No! There can be no conflict between truths about the natural world created by God, and the religious truths that have been revealed by God. If there are what appear to be conflicts, it would be due to science or religion taking the other s role. 3. Yes! Many kinds of evidence for God s existence come from science and philosophy, and are covered here and in Presentation 1b. Magis Center 2017 6

his whip. 3. If he wanted to stay alive, he should have tested the empty space. 4. Faith and reason are both helpful in navigating through the challenges of life. 6. Myths are cultures attempts to teach truths about reality, as they understand them. Science has replaced the need for most of the mythology of unrevealed religions. That has led some people to reject all religion as primitive and uninformed. Faith has been perceived by many as among these myths. The irony is that our cultural myths are based on the biased conclusion that ALL religious truth is erroneous (see pg. 5). 9. Faith is more than belief. It is living one s life based on the certainty of God s love and providence as revealed and shown by Jesus. St. Albert was a teacher of St. Thomas Aquinas. St. Pope John Paul II said: Faith and reason are like two wings on which the human spirit rises to the contemplation of truth; and God has placed in the human heart a desire to know the truth in a word, to know himself so that, by knowing and loving God, men and women may also come to the fullness of truth about themselves. (Fides et Ratio, Greeting) 7. VIDEO #1: Blind Leap of Faith scene from Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Hebrews 11:1 defines faith as: The realization of what is hoped for and evidence of things not seen. 10. Kinds of Proofs for God s Existence 8. Possible answers include: 1. He could have fallen into the chasm and either seriously injured himself or died. 2. He could have tested what appeared to be the empty space in front and below him by reaching his hand into it, throwing a rock, or using 7 Magis Center 2017

11. There can be and, in fact, there is enough evidence to convince about 60% of all scientists that God does, or at least may, exist. These numbers are from: https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2016/2/8/148137 7/-Most-Scientists-Believe-in-God1. 14. The Big Bang E 12. Can there be Scientific Evidence for God? 15. ACTIVITY #1: 1. The dot at 1 traveled one inch, the dot at 2 traveled 2 and the dot at 3 inches traveled 3. The farther a dot is from the starting point, the faster it is moving away in the same amount of time. 2. The dots grow closer together. 3. The starting point represents the Big Bang and the dots represent galaxies. If the expansion were reversed, all the matter and energy of the universe would converge in one point at a specific moment in the past (about 13.8 billion years ago). 13 An article telling the story of Fr. Lemaitre s discovery can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/science/faithand-science/a-day-without-yesterday-georgeslemaitre-amp-the-big-bang.html 16. Einstein fudged a number in his General Theory of Relativity to avoid the conclusion that the universe was expanding. When he saw Fr. Lemaitre s calculations, he changed the number (to what it should have been), and admitted it was the biggest blunder of his career. Magis Center 2017 8

17 #1 Red-Shift 20. VIDEO #3: Hearing the Big Bang The significance of hiss coming from all directions is that the energy was nearly equally distributed, which is what we would expect if it came from a single source, like water rippling in concentric circles when a stone is dropped into a pond. 18. VIDEO #2: Stephen Hawking The Expanding Universe The red-shifting of galaxies is evidence of our universe s expansion, not beginning. The red shift on the light spectrum works in a similar way to the Doppler Effect where sound raises in frequency as it moves toward us, but drops in frequency as it moves away from us (i.e., the sound of an ambulance as it approaches and leaves). 21. Since the initial discovery of the CMB noted earlier, there have been several satellites used to measure it with greater accuracy. Among these are the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) from 1989 to 1993, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) from 2001 to 2010, and the Planck Space Observatory (PLANCK), from 2009 to 2013 from which the image on the slide originates. 19. More information about Penzias and Wilson s discovery can be found at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dp 65co.html. 22. VIDEO #4: Planck s View of the Universe This video shows how the CMB image was made. 9 Magis Center 2017

23. The Big Bang is not proof of the beginning of the universe; only for its expansion. Obviously, the next question is: Where did the matter and energy of the universe (that expanded) come from? Persons of faith will naturally say, a Creator, but science is committed to seeking the best explanation, including natural ones. Scientists are humans with biases and gaps in their knowledge. Peer review exists to eliminate these problems, but if a group of scientists all have the same bias or lack of knowledge, it may not be identified. 25. More information can be found at: https://www.gotquestions.org/multiversetheory.html. 26. More information can be found at: https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v302/n590 8/abs/302505a0.html. 24. More information about Einstein s blunder is at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/science/faithand-science/a-day-without-yesterday-georgeslemaitre-amp-the-big-bang.html. 27. More information can be found at: https://phys.org/news/2014-01-scientiststheory.html. Magis Center 2017 10

28. The BVG Theorem is proof of a beginning, but only suggestive of a Creator. Scientific evidence and philosophical reasons for why a beginning of the universe requires a creator will be addressed later in Presentation 1a and 1b. Dr. Arvind Borde is a fellow at the Kavli Institute of the University California Santa Barbara. Dr. Alexander Vilenkin is the director of Institute of Cosmology at Tufts University in Boston. Dr. Alan Guth is chair of cosmology at MIT, and the Father of the Inflationary Theory of the Universe. 31. Entropy 32. Entropy SLIDE 29. A link to a video that explains the evidence for their conclusion can be found at the end of this presentation. 30. The BVG Proof 33. If there is a multiverse, it could not be dead because our living universe is a part of it. 11 Magis Center 2017

34. What Caused the Universe? The sign is illogical. You can t have to press something to get to nothing. Only nothing can come from nothing. 37. This is a syllogism: A kind of logical argument that applies deductive reasoning to arrive at a conclusion based on two or more propositions that are asserted or assumed to be true. For example: If the first premise is all men are mortal, and the second premise is Socrates is a man, the conclusion is, therefore Socrates is mortal. 35. What Caused the Unverse? 38. VIDEO #5: The Kalam Cosmological Argument The conclusion in the video is that God exists, because: 1. All things that begin to exist must be caused, and 2. The universe had a beginning, so 3. It was caused. Since the universe can t cause itself before it existed, it needed a cause that was spaceless, timeless, and immaterial, like God. 36. For the Law of Gravity to exist before the universe presupposes that something or someone existed before it, contradicting the very point Hawking is making (that the universe could spontaneously create itself from nothing). Magis Center 2017 12

39. Because entropy is an excellent example of the concept of the fine-tuning of the universe, we are using it as a segue. If the universe has always existed, all of the usable energy would have been used up by now, and it would be in a state of maximum disorder. Since there is still much usable energy and order in the universe, it had to have a beginning a finite amount of time ago. 42. Possible answers may include: 1. To adjust precisely so as to bring to the highest level of performance or effectiveness. 2. Pianos or the engines of high-performance sports cars. 43. More information about the universal conditions and constants can be found at: http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/constants.html. 40. This is known as The Penrose Number. Dr. Roger Penrose is a mathematical physicist, known in particular for his contributions to general relativity and cosmology. 44. Fine-Tuning of the Universe 41. Fine-Tuning of the Universe 13 Magis Center 2017

45. Fine-Tuning of the Universe 49. An Alternative Explanation for the Fine-Tuning of the Universe: Again, without any evidence, a multiverse is offered as a solution. The BVG Proof has already demonstrated that even a multiverse, because it would have an expansion rate greater than zero, would require a beginning and therefore need to be created, and is being ignored. What does this say about the state of mainstream science in our culture? 46. Fine-Tuning of the Universe 50. Besides entropy, this is another reason why the multiverse cannot be used to get-around the need for a Creator. 47. Fine-Tuning of the Universe 48. Fine-Tuning of the Universe Magis Center 2017 14

51. More information about Occam s Razor can be found at: http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scient ific-experiments/occams-razor.htm. The quote from Einstein is referring to the elegance and simplicity of the equations of the laws of physics. 54. VIDEO #7: Dr. Francis Collins on the Scientific Evidence for God 55. ACTIVITY #2: Why Would Anyone Think it is Unreasonable to Believe in God? 52. VIDEO #7: The Fine-Tuning of the Universe Besides providing numerous examples of finetuning in the universe, this video also explains why the best explanation for the fine-tuning is design rather than necessity or chance. Mathematically, the odds are simply beyond reason to consider it happening accidentally by random chance. 56. Closing Prayer 53. Conclusion 15 Magis Center 2017

57. Presentation 1a Closing Slide 58. Presentation 1a Additional Resources 59. Series Credit Slide Magis Center 2017 16

Name: Period: Date: Table of Contents CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1a ACTIVITIES Scientific Evidence of God s Existence ACTIVITY #1: Big Bang Rubber Bands: Lay a cut rubber band (unstretched) next to the ruler. Draw dots at 0 inches, 1 inch, 2 inches and 3 inches. Hold one end at 0 inches and stretch the other end until the dot at 3 inches is at 6 inches. Answer the following questions (inside the rubber bands): 1: What s different about the dots closer to one another from the dots farther away? Why? 2: What happens when you release the tension? 3. How do each of these relate to the universe? 1 2 3 ACTIVITY #2: Why Would Anyone Think is it Unreasonable to Believe in God? Dr. Francis Collins, Director of the NIH and former lead in the Human Genome Project, believes that scientific evidence makes it reasonable to believe in God. Answer these questions and be prepared to discuss them: 1. Why would anyone think it is unreasonable to believe in God or that the best scientific evidence doesn t point to God? 2. Could it be just because people don t want to believe in God? 17 Magis Center 2017

Name: Period: Date: Table of Contents CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1a ASSESSMENT Scientific Evidence of God s Existence Modified True or False: If a statement is true, mark it true. If false, make it true by changing what is in bold and writing a correction on the lines provided. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Many people now think that faith is unnecessary, is an emotional choice, and that evidence God s existence is not possible. The Catholic understanding of faith and reason is that they are opposed, and that faith contradicts reason. Most Americans think that science and religion are in conflict. Einstein believed that the universe gives us evidence for God s existence. Fr. Lemaitre theorized that galaxies were moving away from one another in fixed space. By reversing the expansion of the universe, scientists have estimated the age of the Universe at 13.7 to 13.8 billion years old. The evidence discovered (the red-shifting of galaxies and the Cosmic Microwave Background) have disproved Fr. Lemaitre s theory. The hypotheses (a multiverse, a bouncing universe, an eternal universe and a multi-dimensional universe) have shown that belief in God is unreasonable. The BVG Proof has provided evidence for a beginning of the universe. Entropy means that every physical system including our universe and even a multiverse (if one existed) will eventually run down until it dies and can do nothing. Magis Center 2017 18

CC P1a ASSESSMENT, pg. 2 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Something can come from nothing. Stephen Hawking has proven that the Universe could create itself because of the Law of Gravity. The Fine-Tuning of the Universe at precisely the conditions needed for life make it nearly impossible for it to have happened by random chance. The conclusion reached from the evidence for the Big Bang, the BVG Proof, entropy and the fine-tuning of the universe) is that it is reasonable to believe that a supernatural being, like God, created it. Because of the order in the universe, Dr. Francis Collins believes it was caused by random chance. 19 Magis Center 2017

CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1a ASSESSMENT ANSWER KEY Scientific Evidence of God s Existence Table of Contents Modified True or False: If a statement is true, mark it true. If false, make it true by changing what is in bold and writing a correction on the lines provided. TRUE 1. FALSE 2. TRUE 3. TRUE 4. FALSE 5. TRUE 6. FALSE 7. FALSE 8. TRUE 9. TRUE 10. Many people now think that faith is unnecessary, is an emotional choice, and that evidence God s existence is not possible. The Catholic understanding of faith and reason is that they are opposed, and that faith contradicts reason. not opposed; is built on Most Americans think that science and religion are in conflict. Einstein believed that the universe gives us evidence for God s existence. Fr. Lemaitre theorized that galaxies were moving away from one another in fixed space. because space is stretching. By reversing the expansion of the universe, scientists have estimated the age of the Universe at 13.7 to 13.8 billion years old. Evidence discovered (the red-shifting of galaxies and the Cosmic Microwave Background has disproved Fr. Lemaitre s theory. supported The speculations about a multiverse, a bouncing universe, an eternal universe and a multi-dimensional universe) have shown that belief in God is unreasonable. not shown The BVG Proof has provided evidence for a beginning of the universe. Entropy means that every physical system including our universe and even a multiverse (if one existed) will eventually run down until it dies and can do nothing. Magis Center 2017 20

CC P1a ASSESSMENT ANSWER KEY, pg. 2 FALSE 11. FALSE 12. TRUE 13. TRUE 14. FALSE 15. Something can come from nothing. Nothing Stephen Hawking has proven that the universe could create itself because of the Law of Gravity. not proven The Fine-Tuning of the Universe at precisely the conditions needed for life make it nearly impossible for it to have happened by random chance. The conclusion reached for the scientific evidence (the Big Bang, the BVG Proof, Entropy and the Fine-Tuning of the universe) is that it is reasonable and responsible to believe that a supernatural being, like God, created it. Because of the order in the universe, Dr. Francis Collins believes it was caused by random chance. created with a purpose. 21 Magis Center 2017

Presentation 1a: Scientific Evidence of God s Existence STUDENT SURVEY Table of Contents School Name Grade Level Date Please choose the answer that best fits your responses: 1. Did this presentation have voice-over (audio throughout)? yes no 2. Before viewing this presentation, I had of this topic. much knowledge some knowledge no knowledge 3. I understood this presentation: very well well not that well 4. I found this presentation: very interesting interesting not that interesting 5. (Select all that apply) I liked the: information images videos discussions activities Comments: 6. (Select all that apply) I disliked the: information images videos discussions activities Comments: 7. This presentation had a impact on my faith. very positive somewhat positive somewhat negative Comments: 8. This presentation would have been better if: 9. Would you like to see a similar type of presentation on another topic? Yes No If so, which topic(s)? 10. Would you recommend this presentation to a friend? Yes No Why or why not? Magis Center 2017 22

Presentation 1a: Scientific Evidence of God s Existence PRESENTER SURVEY Table of Contents School Name Grade Level Date Please choose the answer that best fits your responses: 1. Did this presentation have voice-over (audio throughout)? yes no 2. Before presenting this, I had of this topic. much knowledge some knowledge no knowledge 3. I found the Presentation Guide in preparing for this presentation very helpful somewhat helpful not helpful Comments: 4. I found it to present this presentation. very easy somewhat easy somewhat difficult Comments: 5. My students participated in the discussions. very well somewhat well somewhat poorly Comments: 6. My students participated in the activities. very well somewhat well somewhat poorly Comments: 7. This presentation would be better if: 8. Would you like to present on other topics in this style? Yes No If so, which topic(s)? 9. Would you recommend this presentation to a colleague? Yes No Why or why not? 23 Magis Center 2017

CC Presentation 1b: Philosophical Proof of God s Existence Table of Contents PRESENTATION NOTES 4. Introduction to Presentation 1b E 1. Presentation 1b Title Slide 2. Presentation 1b Copyright Slide 5. The term philosophy is commonly used to mean worldview, as in: What is your philosophy of life? That is not how we re using it here. We are using it in its actual meaning: A reasoned study of the truth of things. The cartoon is being used to show how easily someone s philosophy can be unreasonable, and thus the need for reasoned study. 3. Opening Prayer 6. VIDEO #1: This video gives five reasons for philosophy. In part, it s because: 1. We don t ask big questions. 2. We are vulnerable to errors of common sense. 3. We are mentally confused. 4. We have muddled ideas about what makes us happy. 5. We panic and lose perspective. The remainder of this presentation answers the question on the slide. Magis Center 2017 24

7. More information about St. Thomas Aquinas can be found at: http://catholicsaints.info/saint-thomasaquinas/ 10. Step 1 11. Step 2 8. The chain is either attached to something, like an anchor or a dock, or is unattached; but either way, there is a first link. 12. Step 2 9. Everything that has a beginning is caused by whatever brought it into existence. Logically, this cannot go on forever into the past; there must be uncaused being that always existed for anything else to exist. 25 Magis Center 2017

13. There can t be two uncaused, unrestricted Gods because they would necessarily be different in some way(s). If they were identical in every way, they would be one and the same God (e.g., in the same place everywhere at all times). 16. ACTIVITY #1 17. Two Common Objections to Thomas Proofs 14. Step 3 18. This was addressed in Thomas first step. 15. This is the logical conclusion to St. Thomas first three steps. 19. VIDEO #2: There has to be an Uncaused Being Magis Center 2017 26

20. This was addressed in St. Thomas 2 nd step. 23. God desires relationships with us, and just as in any relationship, knowledge about a person is not the same as knowing that person. 21. Richard Dawkins is thought to be the most famous atheist in the world, but he has admitted he is an agnostic (as we ll see later). More information about Dawkins, and his thinking, can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/religion-andphilosophy/apologetics/whats-wrong-with-richarddawkins.html. 24. VIDEO #3: Why Does God Reveal Himself? God is love, and as a perfect lover wants to share the greatest good with us (His life) for our happiness. 22. A Newer Objection to St. Thomas Proof 25. These were first identified as the Five Transcendental Desires by Plato. He realized then that desiring something we ve never experienced meant that something else must have given that desire to us. God is also identified as having Five Transcendental Attributes or perfections that correspond to our desire for perfection. 27 Magis Center 2017

26. Evidence fof God from Our Desire for Perfection 29. Evidence for God from Our Desire for Perfection 27. More information on C. S. Lewis can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/religion-and philosophy/apologetics/the-relevance-andchallenge-of-c-s-lewis.html. 30. Since there are many things in the universe that can t be disproven, like aliens, how are we supposed to disprove God, who by definition resides outside of the universe? Some obvious answers to the discussion question are unicorns, and fairies. 28. VIDEO #4: Chances are you re living with unfulfilled desires 31. By saying God does not exist, an atheist is making a claim. Claims need to be supported with evidence or shown to be reasonable. In the last few slides, we have shown that their claim is unsubstantiated and illogical. Of course, theists need to support their claim that God exists, as we show in Presentations 1a and 1b. Magis Center 2017 28

32. Can God s Existence be Disproved? 35. According to Scripture: Faith is the realization of what is hoped for and evidence of things not seen. (Hebrews 11:1) In order to realize something, you have to experience it. God intends us to experience his perfect truth, love, justice (or goodness), beauty, and home with Him. Just knowing that God exists gives us none of those. 33. VIDEO #6: Richard Dawkins: I am an Agnostic 36. If there is so much Evidence for God, why do We need Faith? The image shows that theists believe God is involved in His creation; deists believe God is not; and atheists do not believe God exists. 34. ACTIVITY #2: Possible answers include: 1. Dawkins is admitting that science cannot disprove God, or he would be an atheist. 2. By saying he is a #6 agnostic, but a de-facto atheist, he is fitting himself into one of the several reasons given for scientists to be atheists. 3. Answers will vary, but guide the class to use the reasoning given earlier in this presentation answering common objections to St. Thomas s proofs. 37. If there is so much Evidence for God, why do We need Faith? 29 Magis Center 2017

38. VIDEO #5: Leap of Faith The main difference between this and Indiana Jones leap of faith (in Presentation 1a) is that the young bird has the guidance and support of his mother telling him that he can fly. Jones leap was blind without giving him any reasonable chance of success. 41. This attitude is actually very common in our contemporary culture, and one of the primary reasons for this series. See the introductory remarks on page 3 of this guide for a fuller explanation. This will be covered in greater detail in Presentation 13. 39. This will be covered in detail in Presentation 19. A saying about the wisdom gained from suffering goes: Suffering passes, but the experience of suffering doesn t. 42. This will be covered in detail in Presentation 19. 40. Not wanting to be answerable is irresponsible and immature. Ignoring the ramifications of a human s natural desire for perfection and the inclination toward religion is living an unexamined life. This will be covered in greater detail in Presentation 13. 43. More info. about naturalism can be found at: http://www.philosophybasics.com/branch_naturalis m.html. Look especially at Absolute Methodological Naturalism and Contingent Methodological Naturalism as they apply to our discussion. Magis Center 2017 30

44. This view that the world is less than 10,000 years old is called Young Earth Creationism. In this view, the age of the world is calculated by literally adding the ages of the people in the Bible from Adam to Abraham, whose date is pretty well established at about 1800 BC. While Catholics are free to believe various ages for the world, there is much scientific evidence for a much older earth (about 4.6 billion years old), and universe (about 13.8 billion years old) that must be accounted for. 46. The full text of Pope Pius XII s 1943 encyclical, DIVINO AFFLANTE SPIRITU can be found at: http://w2.vatican.va/content/piusxii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_pxii_enc_30091943_divino-afflante-spiritu.html. 47. More information on this can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/controversy/a nswering-atheists/how-to-read-the-first-chapter-ofgenesis.html. 45. The Bible contains God s revelation concerning our relationship with Him and our salvation. It was not written as a science or history text, although it contains both. Science, which is a tool developed by humans to explore the natural world, has nothing to say about God or our salvation other than recognizing the need for a Creator (Presentation 1b), and acknowledging that consciousness survives bodily death (Presentation 1a). 48. More information can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/science/faithand-science/modern-physics-the-beginning-andcreation-an-interview-with-physicist-dr-stephenbarr.html. 31 Magis Center 2017

49. Are Science and the Bible in Conflict? 52. The full text of Pope John Paul II s address to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences can be found at: http://www.cin.org/users/james/files/message.htm. 50. More information about the Galileo case can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/controversy/c ommon-misconceptions/the-galileo-affair.html. 53. VIDEO #6 The Catholic Church and Evolution: The video doesn t mention souls directly, but indirectly by saying that God specially added to the creation of Adam and Eve. More information about Catholics and Evolution can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/controversy/c ommon-misconceptions/the-death-ofdarwinism.html. 51. The full text of Pope Pius XII s 1950 encyclical, HUMANI GENERIS can be found at: http://w2.vatican.va/content/piusxii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_pxii_enc_12081950_humani-generis.html. 54. More information about Catholics and the possibility of Aliens can be found at: http://www.catholiceducation.org/en/culture/cathol ic-contributions/alien-ideas-christianity-and-thesearch-for-extraterrestrial-life.html. Magis Center 2017 32

55. What about the possibility of Aliens? 56. Closing Prayer 57. Presentation 1b Additional Resources Slide 58. Credits Slide 33 Magis Center 2017

Name: Period: Date: Table of Contents CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1b ACTIVITIES Philosophical Proof of God s Existence ACTIVITY #1: Explain a Step of St. Thomas Argument to Someone Else: We have given you examples a chain, dominoes, a chicken and an egg, a book, a weak-link, and twins to help you understand St. Thomas Aquinas proof for God s existence. Think of an example that you can use to explain ONE of St. Thomas steps (assigned by the presenter): 1. God is uncaused. 2. God is unrestricted. 3. God is one. 4. God is the cause of all else that exists. Write out your explanation and be ready to share it with the class. ACTIVITY #2: Respond to Richard Dawkins? Richard Dawkins describes himself as a #6 agnostic, but says he lives like an atheist. 1. What is he admitting about science by describing himself this way? 2. Why do you think he describes himself like this? 3. How would you respond to him if you had the chance? Magis Center 2017 34

Name: Period: Date: Table of Contents CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1b ASSESSMENT Philosophical Proof of God s Existence Modified True or False: If a statement is true, mark it true. If false, make it true by striking through what is false and writing a correction on the lines provided. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The term philosophy means love of wisdom. St. Augustine has five proofs for God s existence using philosophy. Using philosophy, we can reason that there has to be one uncaused, unrestricted Creator of everything else that exists. The questions Who created God? and Why can t the universe be the cause of everything else? can easily be shown to be illogical. We can know for certain from philosophy that a being like God exists, so we do not need faith. According to C. S. Lewis, since we have a desire for perfection and because all of our other desires can be satisfied, it s reasonable that there is a God who IS perfect and can satisfy our desire for perfection. It is easier for science to disprove things than to prove them. Some scientists are also atheists because of the scientific evidence disproving God s existence. The Catholic Church discourages its members from believing in science in general, and evolution in particular. If intelligent alien beings exist elsewhere in our universe, we can assume they have souls, would be invited into relationship with God and are included in Christ s offer of salvation. 35 Magis Center 2017

CREDIBLE CATHOLIC Presentation 1b ASSESSMENT ANSWER KEY Philosophical Proof of God s Existence Table of Contents Modified True or False: If a statement is true, mark it true. If false, make it true by striking through what is false and writing a correction on the lines provided. TRUE 1. FALSE 2. TRUE 3. TRUE 4. FALSE 5. TRUE 6. FALSE 7. FALSE 8. FALSE 9. TRUE 10. The term philosophy means love of wisdom. St. Augustine has five proofs for God s existence using philosophy. Aquinas Using philosophy, we can reason that there has to be one uncaused, unrestricted Creator of everything else that exists. The questions Who created God? and Why can t the universe be the cause of everything else? can easily be shown to be illogical. We can know for certain from philosophy that a being like God exists, so we do not need faith. but, to know Him, we need faith. According to C. S. Lewis, since we have a desire for perfection and because all of our other desires can be satisfied, it s reasonable that there is a God who is perfect and can satisfy it. It is easier for science to disprove things than to prove them. more difficult Some scientists are also atheists because of the scientific evidence disproving God s existence. even though there is no The Catholic Church discourages its members from believing in science in general, and evolution in particular. does not discourage If intelligent alien beings exist elsewhere in our universe, we can assume they have souls, would be invited into relationship with God and are included in Christ s offer of salvation. Magis Center 2017 36

Presentation 1b: Philosophical Proof of God s Existence STUDENT SURVEY Table of Contents School Name Grade Level Date Please choose the answer that best fits your responses: 1. Did this presentation have voice-over (audio throughout)? yes no 2. Before viewing this presentation, I had of this topic. much knowledge some knowledge no knowledge 3. I understood this presentation: very well well not that well 4. I found this presentation: very interesting interesting not that interesting 5. (Select all that apply) I liked the: information images videos discussions activities Comments: 6. (Select all that apply) I disliked the: information images videos discussions activities Comments: 7. This presentation had a impact on my faith. very positive somewhat positive somewhat negative Comments: 8. This presentation would have been better if: 9. Would you like to see a similar type of presentation on another topic? Yes No If so, which topic(s)? 10. Would you recommend this presentation to a friend? Yes No Why or why not? PRESENTERS: Scan surveys and email them to: teach@magiscenter.com or mail them to: Magis Center, 13280 Chapman Ave., Christ Cathedral Tower of Hope, 9 th Floor, Garden Grove, CA 92840 37 Magis Center 2017

Presentation 1b: Philosophical Proof of God s Existence PRESENTER SURVEY Table of Contents School Name Grade Level Date Please choose the answer that best fits your responses: 1. Did this presentation have voice-over (audio throughout)? yes no 2. Before presenting this, I had of this topic. much knowledge some knowledge no knowledge 3. I found the Presentation Guide in preparing for this presentation very helpful somewhat helpful not helpful Comments: 4. I found it to present this presentation. very easy somewhat easy somewhat difficult Comments: 5. My students participated in the discussions. very well somewhat well somewhat poorly Comments: 6. My students participated in the activities. very well somewhat well somewhat poorly Comments: 7. This presentation would be better if: 8. Would you like to present on other topics in this style? Yes No If so, which topic(s)? 9. Would you recommend this presentation to a colleague? Yes No Why or why not? PRESENTERS: Scan surveys and email them to: teach@magiscenter.com or mail them to: Magis Center, 13280 Chapman Ave., Christ Cathedral Tower of Hope, 9 th Floor, Garden Grove, CA 92840 Magis Center 2017 38

39 Magis Center 2017

What is CREDIBLE CATHOLIC? CREDIBLE CATHOLIC is a Magis Center 20-module curriculum designed to confront the secular and anti-religious challenges of our culture head on. It is correlated to the four parts of the Catechism of the Catholic Church as follows: Part One (Catechism of the Catholic Church - CCC): The Profession of Faith CC1 Scientific Evidence and Philosophical Proof of God s Existence CC2 Medical Evidence and Philosophical Proof of a Soul CC3 Proof of Jesus Resurrection and Divinity CC4 The Significance of Jesus Life and Teachings CC5 The Trinity, Incarnation, and the Last Things Part Two (From the CCC): The Celebration of the Christian Mystery CC6 Why Be Catholic? CC7 The Inspiration and Canonicity of the Old Testament CC8 Jesus and the New Testament CC9 The Sacraments, Part 1 The Sacred Eucharistic Liturgy CC10 The Sacraments, Part 2 Baptism, Confirmation, Reconciliation, Holy Orders, and the Anointing of the Sick CC11 The Sacraments, Part 3 Marriage CC12 Sacramentals, Devotions, and Traditions Part Three (From the CCC): Life in Christ CC13 True Happiness CC14 Suffering, Spiritual Evil, and Jesus' Defeat of Satan CC15 The Seven Deadly Sins CC16 Contending with Evil Through Virtue and Prayer CC17 Personal Ethics and Social Ethics Part Four (From the CCC): Christian Prayer CC18 Relationship with Christ and Spontaneous Prayers CC19 Why Would an All-loving God Allow Suffering? CC20 Examen, Discernment, and Contemplation CREDIBLE CATHOLIC modules contain the following products: 1. Presentation - slide presentations with optional voiceovers, 2. Presentation Guide - Adds information, activities and quizzes, 3. Little Book - A summary of the Big Book and the primary source for the Presentation, 4. Big Book - 1,500+ pages in 20 volumes, the foundation of the Credible Catholic Modules. At crediblecatholic.com, everything is free online and printed materials may be purchased. 01-27-18 Magis Center 2017 40