And the Land Opened Up - Perashat Korach. Source 1: Bamidbar Ch. 16

Similar documents
eriktology Torah Workbook Bereshiyt / Genesis [1]

Humanity s Downfall and Curses

Esther in Art and Text: A Role Reversal Dr. Erica Brown. Chapter Six:

eriktology The Writings Book of Ecclesiastes [1]

Which Way Did They Go?

A Hebrew Manuscript of the Book of Revelation British Library, MS Sloane 273. Transcribed and Translated by Nehemia Gordon

Noah s Favor Before God

Jacob and the Blessings

The Book of Obadiah. The Justice & Mercy of God

Abraham s Ultimate Test

Jacob s Return to Canaan

Interrogatives. Interrogative pronouns and adverbs are words that are used to introduce questions. They are not inflected for gender or number.

Noach 5722 בראשית פרק ב

Israel s Sons and Joseph in Egypt

THOUGHT OF NACHMANIDES: VAYECHI: WHAT S IN GOD S NAME?

מ ה ש ה י ה כ ב ר ה וא ו א שר ל ה י ות כ ב ר ה י ה ו ה א לה ים י ב ק ש את נ ר ד ף

Global Day of Jewish Learning

1. What is Jewish Learning?

Advisor Copy. Welcome the NCSYers to your session. Feel free to try a quick icebreaker to learn their names.

A Foreign Fire: The boundaries of Spontaneity Parshat Shemini 5774

A lot of the time when people think about Shabbat they focus very heavily on the things they CAN T do.

ANI HA MEHAPECH BE CHARARAH. Talmudic Intrigue in: Real Estate, Party Brownies, Dating and Dream Jobs

God s Calling of Abram

SEEDS OF GREATNESS MINING THROUGH THE STORY OF MOSHE S CHILDHOOD

Torah and Mathematics. from Harav Yitzchak Ginsburgh

Elijah Opened. Commentary by: Zion Nefesh

And the king lamented for Abner, and said: Should Abner die as a churl dieth?--no.

A Presentation of Partners in Torah & The Kohelet Foundation

Hebrew Adjectives. Hebrew Adjectives fall into 3 categories: Attributive Predicative Substantive

David's lament over Saul and Jonathan G's full text analysis and performance decisions

Congregation B nai Torah Olympia - D var Torah Parashat Shemini

Esther אסתר. 1 Esther 1 ש ב ע ת) ה ס. ר יס" ים ה מ ש. ר " ת ים א ת פ נ י ה מ ל ך א ח ש ו ר- וש U ל ה. ב יא א ת ו ש ת G י

practice (Rambam Sefer Nashim, Hilkhot Ishut 3:1; Shulĥan Arukh, Even HaEzer 27:1, and in the comment of Rema).

Jehovah Yahweh I Am LORD. Exodus 3:13-15

Extraordinary Passages:

Israel365 Presents the. e-book of Ruth. Shavuot Edited and Commentary by Rabbi Tuly Weisz

פרשת שמות. Bits of Torah Truths. Simchat Torah Series. What s in a Name?

Chapter 11 (Hebrew Numbers) Goals

Simply teaching the Word simply

Translation Practice (Review) Adjectives Pronouns Pronominal suffixes Construct chains Bible memory passages

CAN WE STILL SING CARLEBACH?

Vocab 3-23 Alphabetical

Parshat Yitro tells of the climactic moment when Israel stood at the foot of Mount Sinai and received the Torah from

Proper Nouns.א 4. Reading Biblical Hebrew Chapter 4: Proper Nouns. John C. Beckman

שלום SHALOM. Do you have peace with G-d? יש לך שלום עם אלוהים? First Fact. Second Fact

The Wise Woman of T ko ד - י םי רפ ב" מש 1 ו ל ש בא,ח ר ב י ודל םו ל ש בא וחל ח ר ב םו ל ש בא וזל ח ר ב Absalom had fled Absalom had fled

A Presentation of Partners in Torah & The Kohelet Foundation

Mehadrin Min Ha-mehadrin How Many Candles Do We Light on Chanukah?

Global Day of Jewish Learning

From Slavery to Freedom

Untapped Potential Parshat Noach 5776 Rabbi Dovid Zirkind

Beginning Biblical Hebrew

Global Day of Jewish Learning

Ascent and Descent: The Relationship between God, Moshe and Israel at Matan Torah. Shemot 19:2 ה ה ר. Rashi ויחן שם ישראל- אחד כאיש אחד בלב

Parsha Musings Tanya White

LIKUTEY MOHARAN #206 1

Psalm BHS NASB Simmons Simmons footnote Category Comments

BEAUTY AND UGLINESS. Global Day of Jewish Learning: Curriculum. A Project of the Aleph Society

Sefer Shemot The Book of Exodus

Extraordinary Passages:

Hebrew Beginners. Page 1

The Promised Land. Overview. What this booklet covers:

ב "ה. ABC s of Judaism. Fundamentals of Jewish Thought and Practice. June 2007 Tammuz 5767 Jewish Educational Institute Chabad Brisbane

Mehadrin Min Ha-mehadrin How Many Candles Do We Light on Chanukah? Shabbat 21b Teacher s Guide

SHO EL SHELO MIDA AT Taking Your Friend s Jaguar XJ for a Spin: Is this Just Borrowing or is it Stealing?

Rebuke, Reflection and Reformulation: The Episode of B nai Gad and B nai Reuven

Global Day of Jewish Learning

מ ש פ ט י ם COMMANDER S RESOURCES. 307 Parshas Mishpatim Parshas Shekalim 24 Shevat 5778

Fasting for Famine Supporting East Africa on a Day Without Food

The Lamb s Book of Life

Extraordinary Passages:

פרשת פקודי. Bits of Torah Truths. Simchat Torah Series. Parashat Pekudai. Parashat Pekudei Worshiping the Lord the Way He Wants

In 1825, there was only one

Hebrew Step-By-Step. By Rae Antonoff, MAJE Distributed by JLearnHub. Page 1

Bereshit / Exodus 18:1-20:23, Isaiah 6:1-7:6, 9:5-6, Matthew 6:1-8:1. Parashat Yitro

GCSE topic of SHABBAT. Shabbat. What you need to know (according to the syllabus)

94 Week Twelve Mark Francois. Hebrew Grammar. Week 12 - Review

TEN PATHS TO GOD UNIT

Perek II Daf 19 Amud a

THE LAND OF ISRAEL IN TANAKH #3 Prophecy

ALEPH-TAU Hebrew School Lesson 204 (Nouns & Verbs-Masculine)

Parshat Va era begins the story of the ten plagues in Egypt. It s the

Free Download from the book "Mipeninei Noam Elimelech" translated and compiled by Tal Moshe Zwecker by permission from Targum Press, Inc.

The Challenges and Problematics of the Jewish Narrative of Peace Donniel Hartman

HASHAVAT AVEIDAH Found: $18,000 Rolex at Times Square as the Ball Dropped on Dec. 31, 11:59:50 PM. Can I Keep It?

Chumash Devarim. The Book of Deuteronomy. Parshat Va etchanan

Shemot Exodus (Exodo) 1:1-6:1

BEAUTY AND UGLINESS. Global Day of Jewish Learning: Curriculum. A Project of the Aleph Society

Chapter 40 The Hebrew Bible

Ein Shaliach Lidvar Aveirah I Was Only Following Orders The Criminal Agent

Beginning Biblical Hebrew. Dr. Mark D. Futato Reformed Theological Seminary OT 504 Spring 2018 Traditional Track

The Betrayal of Joseph

בס ד THE SEDER EXPLAINED. Rabbi Moshe Steiner April 19th, Unit #4 Matzah & Maror

Parshas Vayigash. It s for t e Best. Upon meeting Pharoh for the first time, Yakov and Pharoh have this conversation:

Tetzave 5728 שמות פרק כח נ ד ב )טז( ר ב וע י ה י ה כ פ ול ז ר ת אר כ ו ו ז ר ת ר ח ב ו: ע ש ר ש ב ט:

The Chidon-HaTanakh Book

Beginning Biblical Hebrew. Dr. Mark D. Futato Reformed Theological Seminary OT 502 Winter 2018 Traditional Track

כ"ג אלול תשע"ו - 26 ספטמבר, 2016 Skills Worksheet #2

Parshas Vaeira. Why was Paroh so Resilient?

Parshat Beha alotecha

Transcription:

1 And the Land Opened Up - Perashat Korach Source 1: Bamidbar Ch. 16

2 29 If these men die the common death of all men, and be visited after the visitation of all men, then the LORD hath not sent Me. 30 But if the LORD make a new thing, and the ground open her mouth, and swallow them up, with all that appertain unto them, and they go down alive into the pit, then ye shall understand that these men have despised the LORD.' 31 And it came to pass, as he made an end of speaking all these words, that the ground did cleave asunder that was under them. 32 And the earth opened her mouth and swallowed them up, and their households, and all the men that appertained unto Korah, and all their goods. 33 So they, and all that appertained to them, went down alive into the pit; and the earth closed upon them, and they perished from among the assembly. 34 And all Israel that were round about them fled at the cry of them; for they said: 'Lest the earth swallow us up.' Source 2: Shemot Ch. 3 כט א ם-כ מ ות כ ל- ה א ד ם, י מ ת ון א ל ה, ופ ק ד ת כ ל- ה א ד ם, י פ ק ד ע ל יה ם--ל א י הו ה, ש ל ח נ י. ל ו א ם-ב ר יא ה י ב ר א י הו ה, ופ צ ת ה ה א ד מ ה א ת-פ יה וב ל ע ה א ת ם ו א ת-כ ל-א ש ר ל ה ם, ו י ר ד ו ח י ים, ש א ל ה--ו יד ע ת ם, כ י נ א צ ו ה א נ ש ים ה א ל ה א ת-י הו ה. לא ו י ה י, כ כ לת ו, ל ד ב ר, א ת כ ל- ה ד ב ר ים ה א ל ה; ו ת ב ק ע ה א ד מ ה, א ש ר ת ח ת יה ם. לב ו ת פ ת ח ה א ר ץ א ת-פ יה, ו ת ב ל ע א ת ם ו א ת-ב ת יה ם, ו א ת כ ל-ה א ד ם א ש ר ל ק ר ח, ו א ת כ ל-ה ר כ וש. לג ו י ר ד ו ה ם ו כ ל-א ש ר ל ה ם, ח י ים--ש א ל ה; ו ת כ ס ע ל יה ם ה א ר ץ, ו י אב ד ו מ ת ו ך ה ק ה ל. לד ו כ ל-י ש ר א ל, א ש ר ס ב יב ת יה ם- -נ ס ו ל ק ל ם: כ י א מ ר ו, פ ן-ת ב ל ע נ ו ה א ר ץ. א ומ ש ה, ה י ה ר ע ה א ת-צ אן י ת ר ו ח ת נ ו--כ ה ן מ ד י ן; ו י נ ה ג א ת- ה צ אן א ח ר ה מ ד ב ר, ו י ב א א ל -ה ר ה א לה ים ח ר ב ה. ב ו י ר א מ ל א ך י הו ה א ל יו, ב ל ב ת-א ש--מ ת ו ך ה ס נה; 1 Now Moses was keeping the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian; and he led the flock to the farthest end of the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, unto Horeb. 2 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and,

3 ו י ר א, ו ה נ ה ה ס נה ב ע ר ב א ש, ו ה ס נה, א יננ ו א כ ל. ג ו י אמ ר מ ש ה--א ס ר ה-נ א ו א ר א ה, א ת-ה מ ר א ה ה ג ד ל ה ז ה: מ ד וע, ל א-י ב ע ר ה ס נה. ד ו י ר א י הו ה, כ י ס ר ל ר א ות; ו י ק רא א ל יו א לה ים מ ת ו ך ה ס נה, ו י אמ ר מ ש ה מ ש ה -- ו י אמ ר ה נ נ י. behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. 3 And Moses said: 'I will turn aside now, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.' 4 And when the LORD saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said: 'Moses, Moses.' And he said: 'Here am I.' Source 3: Midrash Shemot Rabba 2:5 שאל גוי אחד את ר' יהושע בן קרחה: מה ראה הקב"ה לדבר עם משה מתוך הסנה? אמר לו: א לו מתוך חרוב או מתוך שקמה, כך היית שואלני?! אלא להוציאך חלק אי אפשר. למה מתוך הסנה - ללמדך שאין מקום פנוי בלא שכינה". "A certain gentile asked R. Yehoshua ben Korcha: 'Why did God choose to speak to Moshe from the midst of a bush [a lowly form of vegetation]?' He answered him: 'Had He spoken to him from the midst of a carob tree or a sycamore, you would have asked the same question! But since I cannot leave you without an answer, [I will respond]: Why from a [lowly] bush? To teach you that there is no place that is devoid of the Divine Presence.' According to this midrash, is there any specific reason why Hashem chose to reveal Himself in a thorn bush? Why, then, according to R. Yehoshua, did Hashem reveal Himself in a bush? But there are some additional approaches in the midrash:

4 Just as this bush is lower than all the other trees in the world, so had Israel stooped to the lowest possible level, and the Holy One descended with them and redeemed them". "Because it is pure: the nations of the world do not use it in their idolatrous practices". "Just as the bush is hardier than all the other trees in the world no bird that enters it will emerge safely, for it tears her limb from limb so was Israel's subjugation in Egypt more difficult than any subjugation in the world". "This bush if a man puts his hand into it, he does not feel it, but when he tries to take his hand out he is scratched; likewise, when Israel went down to Egypt no one noticed them, but when they came out it was with miracles and wonders and war". "מה הסנה הזה שפל מכל אילנות שבעולם, כך ירדו ישראל למדרגה התחתונה, והקדוש ברוך הוא ירד עמהם וגאלם". "מפני שהוא טהור, שאין אומות העולם עושין אותו עבודה זרה". "מה הסנה קשה מכל אילנות שבעולם, שכל ציפור שנכנסת לתוכו אינה יוצאת מתוכו בשלום עד שמחתכת אברים אברים, כך היה שיעבודן של ישראל במצרים קשה מכל שיעבוד שבעולם". "מה הסנה הזה - כשאדם מכניס את ידו לתוכו אינו מרגיש, וכשהוא מוציאה מסתרטת, כך כשירדו ישראל למצרים - לא הכיר בהן בריה, כשיצאו - יצאו באותות ובמופתים ובמלחמה". "מה הסנה הזה עושין אותו גדר לגינה, כך ישראל גדר לעולם". "Just as this bush is used as a fence around a garden, so Israel is like a fence for the world Rav Yonatan Grossman: A sort of middle path in between these two approaches would suggest that each incident should be evaluated individually. Does the text itself contain any hint of there being symbolic significance to the objects or phenomena mentioned, beyond their contribution to the story itself? Thus, for example, if we examine the verses describing God's revelation to Moshe in the bush, we note that the text itself emphasizes that God was revealed in a bush (in the space of two verses the bush is mentioned five times). Hence, it is not a minor detail in the story, but rather a subject worthy of our attention.

5 Compare to Source 4: Bamidbar 11:33 לג ה ב ש ר, ע וד נ ו ב ין ש נ יה ם--ט ר ם, י כ ר ת; ו א ף י הו ה, ח ר ה ב ע ם, ו י ך י הו ה ב ע ם, מ כ ה ר ב ה מ א ד. 33 While the flesh was yet between their teeth, ere it was chewed, the anger of the LORD was kindled against the people, and the LORD smote the people with a very great plague. Now compare to our Perasha, verses 28-30 (earlier in this source packet) ". The punishment in our perasha has not just a punitive, but an educational component; what is that educational message? What is the message? How is the medium here THE message? How is the earth personified in the incident? Verse 32! If the Torah had not used this particular imagery, what imagery would we have intuitively connected this punishment to? Source 5: Bereishit 3:19 יט ב ז ע ת אפ י ך, ת אכ ל ל ח ם, ע ד ש וב ך א ל- :ה א ד מ ה, כ י מ מ נ ה ל ק ח ת כ י- ע פ ר א ת ה, ו א ל -ע פ ר ת ש וב. 19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken; for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.' Also, the word בריאה reminds us of Sefer Bereishit! Or maybe another component of the Bereishit story Ch.4 Source 6: י ו י אמ ר, מ ה ע ש ית ; ק ול ד מ י א ח י ך, צ ע ק ים א ל י מ ן- ה א ד מ ה. 10 And He said: 'What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto Me from the ground.

6 יא ו ע ת ה, א ר ור א ת ה, מ ן- ה א ד מ ה א שר פ צ ת ה את -פ יה, ל ק ח ת א ת -ד מ י א ח י ך מ י ד ך. 11 And now cursed art thou from the ground, which hath opened her mouth to receive thy brother's blood from thy hand. Source 7: Commentary of Abravanel on Perashat Korach: והנה ראה משה לבקש שיהיה עונש דתן ואבירם וסיעתם בבליעת הארץ, לדונם מידה כנגד מידה: הם פשעו במה שפערו פיהם לבלי חוק לבלוע ולהשחית אדון הנביאים, להיותם בערכו נבזים ושפלים, ככה תפתח האדמה - שהיא השפל שביסודות - את פיה, ותבלע אותם. Moshe requested that the punishment of Datan and Aviram and their cohorts would be that they would be swallowed by the earth, such that they would be punished 'measure for measure.' They sinned by opening their mouths without license, to devour and destroy the master of all prophets, they themselves being despicable and lowly. Likewise, the earth which is the lowest of the elements would open its mouth, and swallow them מידה כנגד מידה - Measure for Measure form of the punishment מידה כנגד מידה Source 8: Rashi s Approach the language is the focus of the "לא נעלה" -פיהם הכשילם, שאין להם אלא ירידה Their mouths give them away: they can only descend. The Torah is clearly drawing our attention to the interplay between Aliya and yerida

7 "ויאמרו - לא נעלה.המעט כי העליתנו מארץ זבת, חלב ודבש ל המיתנו במדבר... לא נעלה... ה ע ל ו מסביב למשכן קרח, דתן ואבירם...ויעלו מעל משכן קרח, דתן ואבירם מסביב... וי רדו חיים שא לה, וידעתם כי נ אצו האנשים האלה את ה...'וי רדו הם וכל אשר להם חיים שא לה, ותכס עליהם הארץ ויאבדו מתוך הקהל". )ט"ז, יב-לג( Source 9: Rashbam כלל ופרט וחזר וכלל: 'לא נעלה' אמר תחילה, ואח"כ פירש למה, וחזר וכלל - לפיכך 'לא נעלה' In what way do they not want to go up? Why up? Source 10: Vayikra 11:45 כ י א נ י י הו ה ה מ ע ל ה א ת כ ם מ א ר ץ מ צ ר י ם ל ה י ת ל כ ם ל א לה ים ו ה י ית ם ק ד ש ים כ י ק ד וש א נ י. Source 11: Amos 3:1 ש מ ע ו א ת ה ד ב ר ה ז ה א ש ר ד ב ר י הו ה ע ל יכ ם ב נ י י ש ר א ל ע ל כ ל ה מ ש פ ח ה א ש ר ה ע ל ית י מ א ר ץ מ צ ר י ם ל אמ ר. Rav Grossman: Nechama Leibowitz z"l discusses the surprising use of the expression "a land flowing with milk and honey." Every other place in the Torah where this expression appears, it characterizes Eretz Yisrael. Thus, in the consciousness of Datan and Aviram's audience, that is the natural association of the image. But to our surprise and that of their listeners Datan and Aviram apply this image to Egypt, the "land of abominations, the house of slavery,"[9] from which Moshe had brought them out: "Is it not enough that you have brought us up from a land flowing with milk and honey to kill us in the desert " It is reasonable to assume that Datan and Aviram consciously and intentionally use an expression which is bound up, in the public consciousness, with Eretz Yisrael. In this way, they are turning the tables: "It is not to a land flowing with milk and honey that you Moshe are leading us, but rather from a land of milk and honey that you have removed us!"

8 Their speech challenges the very rightness of leaving Egypt, the very idea of leaving a land which, in their deceptive words, is referred to as "flowing with milk and honey." It is sufficient to remember the continuation of the journey that Bnei Yisrael have experienced since leaving Egypt including standing at Sinai and receiving the Torah to understand who and what the real subject of the rebellion is. The declaration, "We shall not come up," should be read in its broader sense: it is not only to Moshe, standing in the Ohel Mo'ed, that they refuse to ascend. Their refusal pertains to the entire venture: the great ascent to Eretz Yisrael, which they hint to in their words, "Is it not enough that you have brought us up from a land flowing with milk and honey." Hence the reiteration and emphasis: "We shall not ascend!" Or, as Yisrael Rosenson recently formulated it: "Accordingly, the words, 'We shall not ascend' should be interpreted as encompassing the refusal to ascend to the Land of Canaan; it is as if in refusing to ascend to Moshe they are hinting at the deeper reason: the forced exodus [ascent] from Egypt לב ו י צ יא ו ד ב ת ה א ר ץ, א ש ר ת ר ו א ת ה, א ל-ב נ י י ש ר א ל, ל אמ ר: ה א רץ א שר ע ב ר נ ו ב ה ל ת ור א ת ה, ארץ א כלת י ו ש ביה ה וא, ו כ ל-ה ע ם א ש ר - ר א ינ ו ב ת וכ ה, א נ ש י מ ד ות. לג ו ש ם ר א ינ ו, א ת-ה נ פ יל ים ב נ י ע נ ק--מ ן-ה נ פ ל ים; ו נ ה י ב ע ינ ינ ו כ ח ג ב ים, ו כ ן ה י ינ ו ב ע ינ יה ם. Source 12: Bamidbar Ch. 13 32 And they spread an evil report of the land which they had spied out unto the children of Israel, saying: 'The land, through which we have passed to spy it out, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of great stature. 33 And there we saw the Nephilim, the sons of Anak, who come of the Nephilim; and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.' There are different approaches in the Rishonim to explain both the reason and the timing of Korach s rebellion and the location in the Torah of Perashat Korach

9 Source 13: Ramban and Ibn Ezra on Perashat Korach ראב"ע: מרד קורח התרחש אחרי מפקד בני ישראל שבתחילת ספר במדבר )לפני חטא המרגלים!(, ועילת המרד הייתה החלפת הבכורות בלויים רמב"ן :מרד קורח נכתב במקומו הכרונולוגי, ואדרבא - עילת המרד קשורה בעונש שבא על ישראל בעקבות חטא המרגלים :ונגזר על כל העם ]בחטא המרגלים[ שייתמו במדבר ושם ימותו. אז הייתה נפש כל העם מרה, והיו אומרים בלבם כי יבואו להם בדברי משה תקלות, ואז מצא קרח מקום לחלוק על מעשיו, וחשב כי ישמעו אליו העם