AMERICAN REVOLUTION Study Guide 2017: section 1: biographies American Generals 1. He took the credit for winning Saratoga. He is most famous for riding a horse 140 miles away from Camden. 2. His early career saw him command a squad of riflemen that were feared by the Red Coats. He was the winner at the Battle of Cowpens. He beat Tarleton, then went home. 3. He was the perfect choice for the Commander of the Continental Army because he was from the South. 4. He led a group called the Green Mountain Boys that were heavy drinking and heavy fighting. He took Ticonderoga and hated Benedict Arnold. 5. He took over the Southern army after Camden and played keep away from Cornwallis by splitting his forces in two. CHOICES: (EA) Ethan Allen. (HG) Horatio Gates. (NG) Nathaniel Greene. (JH) John Hancock (DM) Daniel Morgan. (GW) George Washington. section 2: causes 12. What act permitted British soldiers to live in American houses, eat their food, and drink their rum? 13. What act forbade Americans from moving west of the Appalachian moutnains? British Generals 6. This Hessian was killed at the Battle of Trenton on Christmas, 1776. 7. This British General came from Canada, wanting to capture the Hudson River Valley. However, he lost at Saratoga, and was captured there. 8. He was in overall command of the British forces. He sat in New York with his mistress instead of moving his forces South. He would be blamed for losing the war. 9. He chased the Continentals all over the south. He finally went to the York Peninsula waiting for help that never came. His forces were captured and the war was lost. 10. He showed no mercy to captured Continentals. His cockiness was used against him when he led his troops into a charge at Cowpens, a battle which he lost badly. 11. He was blamed for losing so many at Bunker Hill and letting the Colonials escape. CHOICES: (JB) Johnny Bourgoyne. (HC) Henry Clinton.(CC) Charles Cornwallis. (WH) William Howe (JR) Johan Raul. (BT) Bannister 40 Tarelton. (JW) John Wolfe. 14. What act put a tax on anything that had printing on it, including all pamphlets and documents? 15. What act(s) closed the port of Boston, required the payment of all lost tea, enforced the Quartering Act, and increased taxes in general? possibilities: Proc. of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act, Grenville Act, Quartering Act, Intolerable Acts. PAGE 1
section 3: statesmen 16. He was the American ambassador to France. He convinced the French to give America money and soldiers after the Battle of Saratoga. 17. He started out defending the Briish soldiers responsbile for the Boston Massacre. Later, he he helped write the Decleration of Independence and became the second President of the USA. 18. He was the King of England. He saw the colonists as naughty children who needed to be punished. 19. He was Boston s best silversmith, but his better known for his midnight ride to warn colonists that the British were coming. 20. He spoke against the British, firing up colonists to take up arms against the British. He spoke in taverns and bars and was a famous brewer of beer. 21. The richest man in the colonies, he s famous today because of his large signature. 22. The primary author of the Decleration of Indpendence, and America s 3rd President. 23. He gave America badly needed support after the Battle of Saratoga. It would cost him dearly in his own country. CHOICES: (JA) John Adams. (SA) Samuel Adams. (BF) Benjamin Franklin. (GIII) George III (JH) John Hankock. (TJ) Thomas Jefferson. (JM) James Madison. ( LXVI) Louis XVI. (PR) Paul Revere. 24. What colony is A? 25. What colony is B? 26. What colony is C? 27. What colony is D? 28. What colony is E? 29. What colony is F? 30. What colony is G? 31. What city is x? 32. What city is y? NORTHERN COLONIES Wilderness F z C section 4: northern geography G y D A B E x ATLANTIC OCEAN 33. What city is z? Colony Word Bank: CONNECTICUT, DELAWARE, GEORGIA, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, NORTH CAROLINA, PENNSYLVANIA, RHODE ISLAND, SOUTH CAROLINA, VIRGINIA. Cities: Boston, Charleston, Montreal, New York, Philadelphia, Washington. PAGE 2 41
Wilderness B D F C A ATLANTIC OCEAN Battles of the North: 1776-1778 34, Which letter shows where the Battle of Bunker Hill took place in 1776? 35. Which letter shows where the Battle of Long Island took place in 1776? 36. Which letter shows where the Battle of Trenton took place in 1776? 37. Which letter shows where the Battle of Saratoga took place in 1777? 38. Which letter shows where the Battle of Monmouth took place in 1778? section 5: the war moves south Wilderness SOUTHERN COLONIES D C A B 39. What colony is A? 40. What colony is B? 41. What colony is C? 42. What colony is D? E 43. What colony is E? 44. What colony is F? F W ATLANTIC OCEAN 46. What city is W? PAGE 3 Colony Word Bank: CONNECTICUT, DELAWARE, GEORGIA, MARYLAND, MASSACHUSETTS, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NEW JERSEY, NEW YORK, NORTH CAROLINA, PENNSYLVANIA, RHODE ISLAND, SOUTH CAROLINA, VIRGINIA. Cities: Boston, Charleston, Montreal, New York, Philadelphia, Washington. 42
47. Charleston 48. Cheasapeake Bay Y. Morgan used his milita brilliantly. Defeated Tarleton. 49. Cowpens X. Lincoln surrendered to Clinton after a siege. W. degrasse s French fleet beat the English here. 51. Yorktown V. the Americans and French together won here. section 6: some more important things to know 52. What city was the place where most of the pre-revolutionary activity (riots, etc.) took place? B. Charlestown C. Philadelphia D. New York 53. Where was the shot heard round the world fired at? B. Breeds Hill C. Concorde D. Lexington 54. The British marched to this city to take away American weapons. American soldiers shot at them the entire trip. Where was it? B. Charlestown C. Concorde D. Lexington 55. These Continental soldiers could be ready quickly to fight. What were they called? A. Continentals B. Torries C. Minutemen D. Patriots PAGE 4 43 56. This became the first capital city of the United States. B. Charlestown C. Philadelphia D. New York 57. A pamphlet called Common Sense inspired many Americans to fight against the Crown. Who wrote it? A. Samuel Adams B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Jefferson D. Thomas Payne 58. This battle, won by Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen, provided Washington with cannons he needed to drive the Brits out of Boston. A. Bunker Hill B. Dorchester C. Fort Lee D. Ticonderoga E. None of these 59. This document, signed in Philadelphia in 1776, was a bold declaration that the colonies should become an independent country. A. Bill of Rights B. Declaration of the Rights of Man C. Declaration of Independence D. Olive Branch Petition
60. What battles gave the English control of New York? A. Quebec and Ticonderoga B. Fort Lee and Long Island C. Princeton and Trenton D. Brandywine and Germantown 61. Washington had 23,000 men, but 2/3rds were untrained what? A. Continentals B. Hessians C. Marines D. Militia 62. What important river did the British then have control of? A. Chesapeake B. Hudson C. Monongahela D. Ohio 63. At the Battle of Trenton, America began to turn the tide. What men were defeated at Trenton? A. Clinton s men B. Hessians--German Mercenaries C. Howe s men D. Loyalist soldiers 64. To win the Battle of Trenton, Washington and his freezing-cold men had to cross this River. A. Chesapeake B. Delaware C. Hudson D. Ohio 65. Washington then won another important victory here, also in New Jersey. A. Cambridge B. Lee C. Philadelphia D. Oriskany 66. English general John Burgoyne surrendered his entire army at this battle, turning the tide for the Americans. One of the most important battles in history. The French now wanted to help. A. Brandywine B. Long Island C. Saratoga D. Ticonderoga 67. Because of the American victory, this French king decided to throw his support to the Americans in their war against Britian. Who was he? A. The Sun King B. Kaiser Wilhelm C. Louis XVI D. Napoleon 68. Who never fought in the war, but was instrumental in winning the war by being an ambassador (along with many other things). A. Arnold B. Franklin C. Payne D. Washington 69. The British counterattacked and were able to capture this city after the battles of Germantown and Brandywine Creek. B. Charleston C. New York D. Philadelphia 70. The largest land battle of the war took place in New Jersey, famous because of the heat and because of Molly Pitcher. It was a draw, mostly because Lee ran away like a chicken. What was it? A. Brandywine B. Germantown C. Monmouth D. Princeton PAGE 5 44
section 7: the most important sentence ever written in American history 71. Write the 1st Sentence of the 2nd Paragraph of the Decleration of Independence below. _ 45
72. Describe, in detail, the taxes that the Colonists hated, that sparked the American Revolution: 73. Does George Washington deserve the title Father of our Country? Explain why or why not in detail. 74. Is this a war that the Americans fought by themselves? Did they have help? If so, what kind of help? 75. In your opinion, list the five most important events of the war and why you think they were important. 46