THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACTS APPLIED ON THE DESIGN MOLVI T-SHIRTS AS ISLAMIC PROPAGANDA MEDIA (PRAGMATICS APPROACH) THESIS Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Sarjana Sastra Degree at The English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University By: ULFA KHOIRUNNISA C0307007 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2014 commit to user ix
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MOTTO Keep on dreaming and doing some positive changes It makes you alive... commit to user xiii
DEDICATION I would like to dedicate my thesis for: ISLAM,the best religion, the blessing for all mankind My family: My father, my mother, my brothers and sister, my mother in law, my husband, and my son People who want me to finish my study commit to user xiv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Allhamdulillahirrobbil alamin. All praises just for Allah SWT, for His wonderful blessing, love and guidance so that I can complete this thesis. I would like to thank to Prophet Muhammad shalallahu alaihi wa salam who brings me and many people to the light. This thesis will not be complete without supports from others. Therefore, I would like to express my gratitude to the following persons who have given important contributions to this thesis. 1. The Dean Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D. 2. The Head of English Department, Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, Ph.D., and the Secretary of English Department, Dra. Sri Kusumo Habsari, M.Hum, Ph.D. 3. My thesis supervisor who always supports me to finish my study in Sebelas Maret University, Prof. Dr. Djatmika, M.A. 4. My academic supervisor for the motivation, Mrs. Fitria Akhmerti Primasita, S.S., M.A. 5. All of the lecturers of English Department. 6. My parents Ibu Sukanti and Bapak Aminudin who are very patient to grow and guide me to be a true learner in this life. 7. My mother in law, Ibu Tuti Indriani for the worth advices. commit to user xv
8. My beloved husband, Aji Cokro Dewanto and my little son, Fauzan Ar Royyan who always motivate me by special ways. 9. My brothers and sister, Riza, Syafiq, Rina, and Kiki. 10. All of classmates in English Department 2007, especially Bara, Dhian Nurma, Edwi, Yusuf, Vista. Thanks for the big inspirations. 11. My sisters in FSSR, Yaumil Tasnima, Dhian Widhi and Nur Hayati. A bunch of thanks for the assistances. Surakarta, 10 December 2014 Ulfa Khoirunnisa commit to user xvi
TABLE OF CONTENT COVER... APPROVAL OF THE THESIS SUPERVISOR... APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS... PRONOUNCEMENT... MOTTO... DEDICATION... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... TABLE OF CONTENTS... LIST OF TABLES... ABSTRACT... i ii iii iv v vi vii ix xii xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Research Background... 1 B. Problem Statements... 3 C. Research Questions... 3 D. Research Objectives.... 4 E. Significance of the Study... 4 F. Scope of Research... 4 G. Research Benefits... 5 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW A. Pragmatics...... 6 B. Context... 7 commit xvii to user
C. Implicature...... 8 D. Speech Acts... 10 E. Classification of Ilocutionary Acts...... 11 F. Direct and Indirect Speech Acts...... 13 G. Politeness...... 15 H. Islamic Concepts... 23 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. Type of Research...... 27 B. Research Location...... 27 C. Data and Source of Data...... 27 D. Sample and Sampling... 28 E. Data Validity...... 28 F. Technique of Collecting Data... 29 G. Technique of Coding Data... 29 G. Technique of Analyzing the Data... 30 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION A. Data Analysis... 32 1. Aqidah (creed)...... 32 2. Ibadah (practices)...... 34 3. Muamalah (interactions/transactions)... 42 4. Akhlaq (disposition/ethic)... 44 5. Islamic Identity...... 55 6. Issue...... 62 B. Discussion... 64 1. The Types of Speech Acts applied on the t-shirts of Design Molvi 64 2. The Intentions of the Use of the Speech Acts... 65 commit to user xviii
a. The Intentions of the Use of Representatives Speech Acts... 65 b. The Intentions of the Use of Directives Speech Acts... 67 c. The Intentions of the Use of Commisives Speech Acts... 70 3. The Strategies used by the Designer to Deliver the Islamic Messages 71 a. The way of the use of the speech acts... 72 b. The use of politeness strategies... 75 c. The use of popular forms... 79 d. The use of popular icons... 81 V. CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusion... 83 B. Suggestions... 84 REFERENCES APPENDICES commit to user xix
LISTS OF TABLE Table 4.1 Percentage of the Types of Speech Acts... 65 Table 4.2 Intentions of the Use of Representatives Speech Acts... 65 Table 4.3 Intentions of the Use of Directives Speech Acts... 67 Table 4.4 Intentions of the Use of Commissives Speech Acts... 70 Table 4.5 Strategies Used by the Designer... 71 Table 4.6 Distribution of the Forms of Direct and Indirect Speech Acts... 74 commit to user xx
ABSTRACT Ulfa Khoirunnisa. C0307007. 2014. The Analysis of Speech Acts Applied on The Design Molvi T-Shirts as Islamic Propaganda Media (Pragmatics Approach). Undergraduate Thesis. Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University. This research attempts to find out the types of speech acts applied on the t- shirt of Design Molvi, the intentions of the use of the speech acts and the strategies used by the designer to deliver the Islamic messages through the t-shirt. This research uses the pragmatics approach. It is a descriptive research which takes total sampling technique. The data of this research were taken from the verbal text applied on the adult t-shirts of Design Molvi in designmolvi.com website. The data are classified based on Searle s speech act theory. The first finding of the research shows that there are three types of speech acts from the 35 data; they are Representatives, Directives, and Commissives; Representatives speech acts with 13 data (37%), Directives speech acts with 21 data (60%), and Commissives speech acts with 1 datum (3%). The second finding of the research shows the intentions of the use of the types of speech act. There are totally ten intentions of the use of the types of speech act that found in this research. They are to assert, to represent, to state, and to clarify, to command, to advise, to prohibit, to suggest, to invite, and to threaten. The use of representatives speech acts are intended to assert the sender s aqidah; to represent muamalah concept in Islam, to represent Islamic identity; to state his akhlaq, to state Islamic identity; to clarify the issue of terrorism. The use of directives speech acts are intended to command the receiver to have the straight aqidah, to command the receiver to do ibadah and do good akhlaq; to advise the receiver related to how to do ibadah like the Prophet s and to advise the receiver to have good akhlaq; to prohibit the receiver not to do a particular activity related to ibadah; to suggest the receiver to do muamalah and do good akhlaq; and to invite the receiver to love Islam. Whereas, the use of commissives speech act is intended to threaten the enemy of Islam The third finding of the research shows the strategies used by the designer to deliver the Islamic messages through the t-shirts. There are 4 kind of strategies. The first strategy is the use of direct and indirect speech act including 26 data of direct speech acts and 9 data of indirect speech acts. The second strategy is the use of politeness strategies including 13 data which use bald on record strategy, 1 datum of positive politeness strategy, 10 data of negative politeness strategy, and 11 data of off record strategy. The third is the use of popular forms. Then, the last strategy is the use of popular icons of game, social media, and superhero. commit to user xxi