Chapter 10, Lesson 1 Notes Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of Rome, were raised by a she-wolf. The Tiber River was important to Rome b/c foreign ships could bring goods to the city The Etruscans taught the Romans how to build aqueducts Key Question: How do you think the location of Italy may have helped launch the Roman Empire? The long coastline, with its fertile coastal strip and access to three seas, provided opportunity to import and export goods and introduce new ideas that enriched the culture.
Chapter 10, Lesson 2 Vocabulary Patrician- wealthy, powerful Roman citizen Plebeian- common Roman citizen with little wealth or power Republic- government where citizens have the right to vote Representative- one elected to represent the people Senate- governing body of Rome
Chapter 10, Lesson 2 Vocabulary Consul-official chosen to manage the government and the army Dictator- ruler with total control over the people Tribune- person appointed to protect the rights of plebeians Patriotism- sense of pride in one s country Caesar- Roman ruler
Chapter 10, Lesson 2 Notes Rome was a republic, where citizens had the right to vote, or choose their leaders. The government of the early Roman republic was a Senate made up of patricians. Hannibal was a North African general who invaded Italy with a herd of elephants.
Chapter 10, Lesson 2 Notes Key Question: Describe how the Roman republic was originally set up, including the different levels of power in the government. Citizens were divided into wealthy patricians and working plebeians. Voting citizens elected representatives to Senate. Senate chose 2 consuls to manage govt and army In an emergency, the consuls sometimes named one person, a dictator, to rule.
Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Vocabulary emperor: the ruler of an empire gladiator: a professional fighter in ancient Rome
Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Notes Augustus brought order, good government, and peace to Rome The Pax Romana was two centuries of peace beginning with the rule of Augustus Roman law was similar to ours in that: People are innocent until proven guilty. Judges interpret the laws. People have rights no government can take away. Roman accomplishments: building roads establishing new laws uniting people in the Roman Empire
Chapter 10, Lesson 3 Notes Key Questions: What were some of the ways the Romans tried to make friends with the peoples they conquered? granted Roman citizenship allowed some to keep their local self-government made improvements to conquered lands (built aqueducts, roads, and buildings) Describe how the Roman Empire changed after the Five Good Emperors came into power. Under poor rulers, there was great division and unrest within the Empire. However, under the Five Good Emperors, Rome enjoyed a long period of peace and prosperity, and the peoples of the vast Roman Empire were united.
Chapter 10, Lesson 4 Vocabulary catacomb- an underground burial room synagogue- a Jewish place of worship disciple- one of Jesus followers persecute- to punish for one s beliefs
Chapter 10, Lesson 4 Notes Christianity is religion based on the teachings of Jesus The Jewish faith and Christianity are related Jesus, founder of Christianity, was born into a Jewish family. Peter and Paul spread the teachings of Jesus throughout the Mediterranean.
Chapter 10, Lesson 4 Notes Key Questions: What sequence of events led to Christianity becoming the main religion in the Roman Empire? Jesus taught Christianity. When he was crucified, his followers spread his teachings throughout the Mediterranean. As the religion grew, Christians were persecuted. The emperor Constantine outlawed persecution. The next emperor, Theodosius, made Christianity Rome s official religion.
Chapter 10, Lesson 5 Vocabulary auction- to sell off pope- the leader of the roman church pillage- rob vandal- someone who destroys property
Chapter 10, Lesson 5 Notes Because Rome hired mercenaries to defend the Roman Empire, German tribes crossed the border and raided Roman towns Constantine reunited the western and eastern parts of the Roman Empire. Barbarians weakened the Roman Empire by taking over part of the eastern empire and attacking Roman cities in the north