11/28 Bell-Ringer Silent Read Chapter 18 Section 1 Define: Estates General & Deficit Spending Explain: Tennis Court Oath & Storm on the Bastille You have 10 minutes
Revolutions Enlightenment ideas help spur revolutions in America and France
American Revolution Unrest grows in America American colonies grow large and populous during the 1600s and 1700s Colonists identify less and less as British subjects Britain imposes heavy taxes on the colonies to pay off debt from the Seven Years War.
American Revolution Growing Hostility Leads to War Colonists protest tea tax with Boston Tea Party in 1773 Colonists meet in Philadelphia to address British policies (1774) British and Americans exchange fire at Lexington and Concord in 1775
American Revolution The Influence of the Enlightenment Colonial leaders push for independence, rely on Enlightenment ideas Declaration of Independence document justifying colonial rebellion Leader Thomas Jefferson writes Declaration, uses ideas of John Locke
Americans Create a Republic A New Constitution Leaders call Constitutional Convention in 1787 to revise articles Group instead creates a new government under U.S. Constitution Constitution contains many political ideas of the Enlightenment
Enlightenment Ideas and the American Constitution
French Revolution - Origins Revolutionary Ideas New ideas that were coming out of the Enlightenment Social Causes The division of the three estates and unfair taxation laws Economic Depression Led to lack of work and deep hunger
Grab your Graphic Organizer from the BOX!!!! 11/29 Bell-Ringer Chapter 18 Section 2 Write answers in notebook to: 1. Checkpoint #1 (page 579) 2. Checkpoint #2 (page 581)
French Society
The Estates-General An old-world style assembly that had not met in nearly 200 years King Louis VI assembled the estates to pass a tax increase Miscalculation and lack of social awareness of the aristocracy Third Estate objects
Tennis Court Oath June 20, 1789 After being locked out of the estates meeting, the Third estate meets at a local tennis court Vowed to create a new French Constitution Renames itself the National Assembly.
Storming the Bastille July 14, 1789 Angry citizens in support of the new National Assembly storm the Bastille prison in Paris Large supply of weapons and ammunition inside A symbol of the tyranny of the French government This is where political prisoners were kept
Declaration of the Rights of Man August 27, 1789 The National Assembly issues The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Guarantees due process in judicial matters and establishes sovereignty Every person was a Frenchman and equal French people embrace the document, while the king and nobles did not
Maximillian Robespierre and the Reign of Terror A committee on Public Safety was created to maintain order within France They were given extensive powers with Robespierre at the head Guillotine was created in 1792 to make executions efficient and humane. Both King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette were executed
Maximillian Robespierre and the Reign of Terror It is estimated that about 40,000 people were executed or murdered during 1793 and 1794. Overall population around 700,000 Robespierre himself was executed by guillotine in July 1794 at age 36
The Directory and Napoleon Bonaparte A new constitution was written in 1795, this government was called The Directory Soon corruption infested this new government as well In 1799 a coup de etate was held in Paris by a charismatic, young military leader: Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon would come to dominate all of Europe of the next 16 years.
Legacy of the French Revolution Societal manifestation of Enlightenment ideals Influenced the way European nations viewed their role in government