Houston Graduate School of Theology BI 685 Selected Topics: Biblical Archeology Israel Trip class: Biblical Archaeology Doug Kennard, Professor of Christian Scriptures 713-942-9505 dkennard@hgst.edu Houston Graduate School of Theology equips women and men to be ministers and messengers of God s mission of reconciliation through academic excellence, personal transformation, and leadership development. I. Course Description An introduction to the archaeology of Israel with attention to the information it has yielded about the Israelite people, which may include study of geographical features, settlement location and styles, pottery types, and occasional epigraphical evidence. The course will be informed by a tour of Israel. Three hours.. II. Course Objectives Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to: A. Discuss archaeological evidence as it relates to Israel as a nation, the exile of Israel, the restoration of the Jews, the intertestamental period, and the New Testament, or a selection of those periods. MDiv-6, -7; MTS-1, -2, -5, -7, -9 B. Differentiate and describe major archaeological sites in Israel. MDiv-6, -7; MTS-1, -2, -5, -7, -9 III. Texts Beitzel, Barry J. The New Moody Atlas of the Bible. Chicago: Moody Press, 2009. 978-0802404411 Mazar, Ahimai. Archeology of the Land of the Bible (10,000-586B.C.E.). The Anchor Bible Reference Library. New York: Doubleday, 1990. 978-0300140071. Choose one: Magness, Jodi. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solomon s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. New York: Cambridge, 2012. 978-0521124133. Meyers, Eric M., and Mark A. Chancey. Alexander to Constantine: Archaeology of the Land of the Bible. The Yale Anchor Bible Reference Library. New Haven: Yale, 2012. 978-0- 300-14179-5. IV. Course Requirements A. Attendance on the Israel tour is expected. B. The student will read assignments in texts, reporting on the final paper the percentage of required reading completed. Reading will be most effective if completed before the Israel tour. 25% of final grade. 1
2 C. Travel Log. While in Israel, the student should record detailed information concerning the archaeology of Israel. The student should collect data from ten of the following sites visited in Israel: Caesarea Maritima/By the Sea Megiddo Dan Caesarea-Philippi Bethsaida Capernaum Beth-Shean/Scythopolis Shechem Jericho Qumran Masada Gezer Jerusalem Temple Area Jerusalem Old City Jerusalem City of David The travel log should include the basic archaeological remains and history of each site. However, this log should be brief, with no more than 2-3 pages per site discussed, which will require selectivity, brevity, and conciseness on the part of the student. This will likely require some reading in addition to visiting the sites. Therefore, the student would be advised to look up the sites in the required textbooks, or in a general reference work, such as Murphy-O Connor s The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide, or the more in-depth introductions of Meyers, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East; Stern, The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land; or Negev, Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. However, this is not a research project, just a log to inform the reader of the general archaeological characteristics of the sites and what is present at each site archaeologically. The log may be emailed to the instructor. The travel log is due by July 1. 50% of grade. D. Site Project: The student will choose one site from the trip and produce an in-depth archaeological history. The paper should include the history of the site, the history of archaeological excavations at the site, and the significance of the archaeological discoveries at the site for history and biblical interpretation. This project should be 10-15 pages, typed, double-spaced, and include significant research. The project may be emailed to the instructor. The Site Project is due by August 1. 25% of grade. V. Policies A. Any late papers will have the grade deducted at a rate of 3% per calendar day. B. Criteria for grading:
3 A 94-100 B 87-93 C 78-86 D 70-77 VI. Selected Bibliography Aharoni, Y. The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography. Trans. A. F. Rainey. London: Burns & Oates, 1979.. The Archaeology of the Land of Israel. Trans. by Anson Rainey. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1982. Aharoni, Y. and Avi-Yonah, M. The Macmillan Bible Atlas. New York: The Macmillan Co. 1968. Albright, William F. The Archaeology of Palestine. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books, 1949. Amiran, Ruth. Ancient Pottery of the Holy Land: From Its Beginnings in the Neolithic Period to the End of the Iron Age. Jerusalem: Massada Press, 1969. Avi-Yonah, Michael. The Holy Land: From the Persian to the Arab Conquest (536 B.C - A.D. 640. Rev. Ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1977. Avi-Yonah, M. Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land. 4 vols. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hill, 1975. Beitzel, Barry J. The New Moody Atlas of the Bible. Chicago: Moody Press, 2009. Ben-Tor, Amnon, ed. The Archaeology of Ancient Israel. Trans. by R. Greenberg. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.. Back to Masada. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2009. Berlin, Andrea M. Between Large Forces: Palestine in the Hellenistic Period. Biblical Archaeologist 60, no. 1 (March 1997): 2-51. Bierling, Neal. Giving Goliath His Due: New Archaeological Light on the Philistines. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1992. Biran, Avraham, ed.. Temples and High Places in Biblical Times. Proceedings of the Colloquim in Honor of the Centennial of Hebrew Union College Jewish Institute of Religion, Jerusalem, 14-116 March 1977. Jerusalem: The Nelson Glueck School of Biblical Archaeology of Hebrew Union College, 1981. Biran, Avraham, et al, eds. Biblical Archaeology Today: Proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April 1984. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1985. Borowski, Oded. Agriculture in Iron Age Israel. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1987. Bright, J. A History of Israel. Fourth Edition. Philadelphia: Westminster John Knox Press, 2000. Davies, Graham I. Megiddo. Cities of the Biblical World. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986. Dothan, Trude. The Philistines and Their Material Culture. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1982. Dothan, Trude, and Moshe Dothan. People of the Sea: The Search for the Philistines. NY: Macmillan, 1992. Edelman, Diana. The Origins of the Second Temple: Persian Imperial Policy and the Rebuilding of Jerusalem. London: Equinox, 2005. Evans, Craig, and Stanley Porter. Dictionary of New Testament Background. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2000.
Evans, Craig. Jesus and the Ossuaries: What Jewish Burial Practices Reveal about the Beginning of Christianity. Waco, TX: Baylor University, 2003. Fields, Weston. The Dead Sea Scrolls: The Full History. Vol. 1. Boston: Brill, 2009. Finkelstein, Israel. The Archaeology of the Israelite Settlement. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1988. Freedman, David Noel, and David F. Graf, eds. Palestine in Transition: The Emergence of Ancient Israel. Social World of Biblical Antiquity Series, 2. Sheffield: Almond Press, 1983. Frick, Frank S. The Formation of the State in Ancient Israel. Social World of Biblical Antiquity Series, 4. Sheffield: Almond Press, 1985. Grabar, Oleg, and Benjamin Kedar, eds. Where Heaven and Earth Meet: Jerusalem s Sacred Esplanade. Austin: University of Texas, 2009. Hallo, W. W. and Simpson, W. K. The Ancient Near East: A History. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1971. Harrison, R. K., ed. Major Cities in the Biblical World. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1985.. Old Testament Times. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979. Hoerst, Alfred. Archaeology & the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998 Holum, Kenneth, et al. Kind Herod s Dream: Caesarea on the Sea. New York: W. W. Norton, 1988. 7 Hopkins, David C. The Highlands of Canaan: Agricultural Life in the Early Iron Age. The Social World of Biblical Antiquity Series, 3. Sheffield: Almond Press, 1985. Kelm, George L. Escape to Conflict: A Biblical and Archaeological Approach to the Hebrew Exodus and Settlement in Canaan. Fort Worth: IAR Publications, 1991. Kenyon, Kathleen. Archaeology in the Holy Land. 4th ed. London: Ernest Benn, 1979.. The Bible and Recent Archaeology. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1978.. Royal Cities of the Old Testament. New York: Schocken Books, 1971. King, Philip J. Jeremiah: An Archaeological Companion. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1993. Kitchen, K. A. The Bible in Its World: The Bible and Archeology Today. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1977. Lance, H. Darrell. The Old Testament and the Archaeologist. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1981. Levine, Lee I. Jerusalem: Portrait of the City in the Second Temple Period (538 B.C.E.-70 C.E.). Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 2002. Macalister, R. A. S. A Century of Excavation in Palestine. London: The Religious Tract Society, 1925. Magness, Jodi. The Archaeology of the Holy Land: From the Destruction of Solmon s Temple to the Muslim Conquest. New York: Cambridge, 2012.. The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002.. Stone and Dung, Oil and Spit. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011. Mazar, Ahimai. Archeology of the Land of the Bible (10,000-586B.C.E.). The Anchor Bible Reference Library. New York: Doubleday, 1990. Mazar, Benjamin. The Early Biblical Period: Historical Studies. Edited by Shmuel Ahituv and Baruch Levine. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1986. Meyers, Eric M., and Mark A. Chancey. Alexander to Constantine: Archaeology of the Land of the Bible. The Yale Anchor Bible Reference Library. New Haven: Yale, 2012. 4
Meyers, Eric, ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. Five Volumes. New York: Oxford, 1996. 8 Millard, A. R. Discoveries from the Times of Jesus. Batavia: Lion Publishing Place, 1985.. Treasures from Bible Times. Batavia: Lion Publishing Place, 1985. Miller, J. M. and Hayes, J. H. A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1986. Moorey, Roger. Excavation in Palestine. Cities of the Biblical World. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1981. Murphy-O Connor, Jerome. The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide. Fifth Edition. Oxford Archaeological Guides. New York: Oxford, 2008. Nagy, Rebecca Martin, et al. Sepphoris in Galilee: Crosscurrents of Culture. Raleigh: North Carolina Museum of Art, 1996. Negev, Avraham. Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. Rev. ed. Continuum, 2001. Netzer, Ehud. The Architecture of Herod the Great Builder. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006.. The Palaces of the Hasmoneans and Herod the Great. Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi, 2001. Olyan, Saul M. Asherah and the Cult of Yahweh in Israel. Society of Biblical Literature Monographs, 34. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1988. Parrot, Andre. Samaria: The Capital of the Kingdom of Israel. London: SCM Press, 1958. Perdue, Leo G., Lawrence E. Toombs, and Gary L. Johnson, eds. Archaeology and Biblical Interpretation: Essays in Memory of D. Glenn Rose. Atlanta: John Knox, 1987. Pritchard, J. B. The Harper Atlas of the Bible. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. Reed, Jonathan L. Archaeology and the Galilean Jesus: A Re-examination of the Evidence. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2000. Roth, Jonathan. Roman Warfare. New York: Cambridge University, 2009. Schiffman, Lawrence & VanderKam, James. Encyclopaedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Schley, Donald G. Shiloh: A Biblical City in Tradition and History. JSOT Supplement Series, 63. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1989. Schoville, Keith N. Biblical Archaeology in Focus. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1978. Shanks, H., W. G. Dever, B. Halpern, P. K. McCarter, eds. The Rise of Ancient Israel. Symposium at the Smithsonian Institution, October 26, 1991. Washington: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1992. Silberman, Neil A. Between Past and Present: Archaeology, Ideology, and Nationalism in the Modern Middle East. NY: Doubleday/Anchor Books, 1990. Stern, Ephraim. The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Carta, 1993. Tappy, Ron E. The Archaeology of Israelite Samaria. Vol. I, Early Iron Age through the Ninth Century BCE. Harvard Semitic Studies. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1992. Thomas, D. Winton, ed. Archaeology and Old Testament Study. Oxford: University Press at Clarendon, 1967. Thompson, John A. The Bible and Archaeology. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962. Toews, Wesley I. Monarchy and Religious Institution in Israel under Jeroboam I. Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series, 47. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1993. Van der Woude, A. S. The World of the Bible: Bible Handbook. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986. 5
Vermes, Geza. The Dead Sea Scrolls: Qumran in Perspective. Rev. Ed. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1977. Wright, G. Ernest. Biblical Archaeology. Rev. Ed. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1962., ed. The Bible and the Ancient Near East: Essays in Honor of William Foxwell Albright. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1979. Yadin, Yigael. Hazor: The Rediscovery of a Great Citadel of the Bible. NY: Random House, 1975.. Masada: Herod s Fortress and the Zealots Last Stand. New York: Random House, 1966. Young, Gordon D., ed. Ugarit in Retrospect: 50 Years of Ugarit and Ugaritic. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1981. 6